Life cycle assessment (LCA): a free getting-started course for enterprise teams Free mini course Learn to scope, run and read a life cycle assessment Seven modules, an exercise after each one, a final quiz and a fully worked example. Written for the people who have been asked to start an LCA and want to understand
How-to guide · Scope 3 How to calculate Scope 3 emissions in Excel A step-by-step guide with formulas for all 15 categories, emission factors, GWP conversion and quality checks — with a free Excel calculator and PDF Download the Excel calculator → Download the PDF guide → 11 steps · worked example included · Start
Case study · Life cycle costing Mechanical recycling of polyethylene offers the best balance of cost and carbon A worked life cycle costing analysis of seven plastic recycling technologies, with cost-benefit, sensitivity and Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis. Thermal, mechanical and chemical recycling routes for PP, PE and PVC are compared on life cycle cost, net
Blog posts How to calculate Scope 3 emissions Organizations are increasingly required to measure and report greenhouse gas emissions across their value chains. While Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions are relatively straightforward to quantify, Scope 3 emissions typically represent the largest and most complex portion of a company’s carbon footprint . In many sectors
LCA methodology How to choose the correct Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) method for your LCA study Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) is the third phase of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) according to the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards. It serves as the link between the environmental inventory results and the actual environmental
Section 1: What Is Normalization in LCA? Normalization is the process of placing environmental impact results into context by comparing them to a reference value, such as a per capita or total national impact. This allows comparisons across impact categories that originally use different units. Formula: Normalized Result = LCIA Result ÷ Normalization Factor Real-Life
Multifunctionality Allocation and system expansion in life cycle assessment Most real production systems make more than one thing. A refinery yields a dozen fractions from one barrel. Chlor-alkali electrolysis yields sodium hydroxide, chlorine, and hydrogen simultaneously. A dairy yields milk and, eventually, meat. Recycling turns one system’s waste into another’s input. In each case the
Introduction Monte Carlo simulation, uncertainty analysis, and sensitivity analysis in life cycle assessment When certain variables are changed or updated, numerous outcomes can be modeled using a computerised mathematical technique known as Monte Carlo simulation. It is a form of computer modeling used to examine how complex systems operate and behave, simulating possibilities that are
Background Data collection is one of the most critical steps in the life cycle evaluation process . LCA is a thorough assessment of a system's or product's environmental impacts. It necessitates a comprehensive examination of a system's complete life cycle, from raw material extraction through manufacturing, usage, and disposal. Data from every life cycle step
Background Life cycle assessment: a getting started guide Sustainability is widely debated; putting it into practice is harder. After an investigation, declarations and actions need to follow quickly if environmental damage is to be reduced and previous efforts improved on. Three conditions have to be met: an action must be available to take, the alternatives
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