{"id":242669,"date":"2024-08-09T22:11:43","date_gmt":"2024-08-09T13:11:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beta2.dei.so\/?page_id=242669"},"modified":"2026-09-13T04:33:28","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T19:33:28","slug":"insights","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/insights\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u0624\u0649"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"242669\" class=\"elementor elementor-242669\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60dab88e elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60dab88e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div 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data-g=\"cat\" data-t=\"7\" aria-pressed=\"false\">News <span class=\"c\">39<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"bg-chip\" data-g=\"cat\" data-t=\"58\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Announcements <span class=\"c\">30<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"bg-chip\" data-g=\"cat\" data-t=\"1737\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Tutorials <span class=\"c\">10<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"bg-chip\" data-g=\"cat\" data-t=\"5\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Jobs <span class=\"c\">9<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"bg-chip\" data-g=\"cat\" data-t=\"987\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Featured News <span class=\"c\">8<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"bg-chip\" data-g=\"cat\" data-t=\"891\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Technology <span class=\"c\">8<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"bg-chip\" data-g=\"cat\" data-t=\"24\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Training <span class=\"c\">8<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"bg-chip\" data-g=\"cat\" data-t=\"16\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Updates <span class=\"c\">7<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"bg-chip\" data-g=\"cat\" data-t=\"1720\" aria-pressed=\"false\">DEISO Research <span class=\"c\">2<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"bg-chip\" data-g=\"cat\" data-t=\"1503\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Press Release <span class=\"c\">2<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"bg-grid\"><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Life cycle assessment (LCA) course for enterprises Tutorials Life cycle assessment (LCA): a free getting-started course for enterprise teams\nFree mini course\nLearn to scope, run and read a life cycle assessment\nSeven modules, an exercise after each one, a final quiz and a fully worked example.\nWritten for the people who have been asked to start an LCA and want to understand it before they spend money on it: engineers, sustainability leads, product managers and the people who sign off on the work. Read it here, download the 40-page PDF, or take it interactively in My DEISO.\n7modules\n7exercises\n24quiz questions\n40page PDF\nDownload the free PDF course\nTake it interactively in My DEISO\nFree with a My DEISO account. Signed-out visitors register or log in, then the download starts.\n\n\n\nHow this course worksBefore you startThis is a short course for people who have been asked to start a life cycle assessment and want to understand what they are getting into before they spend money on it.You don\u2019t need any background in LCA. You do need a real product in mind, because every exercise asks you to apply the module to something your company actually makes or buys. Each module takes twenty to thirty minutes and ends with a short exercise. Do the exercises in writing. Most of what goes wrong in a first study goes wrong because nobody wrote anything down at the start.Prefer to work through it offline? Download the 40-page PDF, free with a My DEISO account. Or take the same course interactively in My DEISO, where your exercises are checked as you go and your progress is kept.ModuleWhat it covers1. Why an enterprise does LCAWhat a study can and can\u2019t tell you, and the decision it has to serve.2. Goal and scopeFunctional unit, reference flow, and the six system boundaries.3. Life cycle inventoryPlanning the data, data quality, allocation, and where the effort goes.4. Impact assessmentFrom emissions to impacts, and why one number is rarely enough.5. InterpretationHotspots, sensitivity, uncertainty, and what you can honestly claim.6. A worked exampleA cast aluminium housing carried through every stage, with the numbers.7. From results to actionA 30-60-90 day plan, governance, and when to bring in a reviewer.\nModule 01Why an enterprise does LCAMost companies come to life cycle assessment because somebody asked for a number.A customer wants the carbon footprint of a component. A tender asks for \u201cenvironmental data\u201d with no further detail. A board member has read about supply chain emissions and wants to know where the company stands. The request is usually urgent and usually vague, and that combination is exactly where first studies go wrong.An LCA is not a number. It is a model of everything that happens to a product, from the raw materials taken out of the ground to whatever is left at the end of its life. The number at the end is one way of reading that model. If you know which decision the study has to support before you start, the model can be built to answer it. If you don\u2019t, you tend to end up with a figure that is technically correct and no use to anyone.1Raw materials2Manufacturing3Distribution4Use5End of lifeCradle-to-gate: stops at the factory gateCradle-to-grave: follows the product through use and disposalFigure 1. The five life stages an LCA can cover, and the two boundaries most first studies choose between.What a study can tell youWhere in the product\u2019s life most of the impact actually sits. It is often not where people expect.Whether switching a material or a supplier makes things better, or just moves the problem somewhere else.Which of two designs has the lower footprint, and whether the difference is big enough to matter.What the company can say about the product in public without being caught out later.The first of those questions catches people out more than any other. Halve the factory\u2019s energy use for a washing machine and you have barely moved its footprint, because most of it comes from years of electricity in somebody\u2019s kitchen. Do the same for an office chair and you have still missed the biggest share, which sits in the steel and foam bought in.Washing machine9%81%Office chair56%19%9%16%Raw materialsManufacturingDistributionUseEnd of lifeFigure 2. Share of climate impact by life stage for two products. Illustrative figures for teaching, not measured data.What it won\u2019t tell youIt won\u2019t tell you whether a product is \u201csustainable\u201d. There is no pass mark. It won\u2019t settle a public claim on its own, either: a comparison you intend to publish needs far more care than one you keep in-house, and usually an independent review. And it won\u2019t rescue poor data. A model is only as good as what goes into it.A rule worth keepingWrite the decision down before you write anything else. One sentence is enough: \u201cWe need to know whether moving to recycled aluminium cuts the footprint of the motor housing by enough to justify the extra cost.\u201d If you can\u2019t write that sentence yet, you aren\u2019t ready to start. We come back to this exact sentence in module 6.Who needs to be involvedAn LCA reaches into procurement, engineering, operations and sometimes sales. The person running it will need bills of materials, energy bills, supplier names, transport routes and waste figures, and almost none of that sits with the sustainability team. Name the people you will need early and tell them why. A data request that arrives cold goes to the bottom of the pile. And if the study is going to change a contract or a design, the person who makes that call should agree the question at the start.The four phases of an LCAEvery study runs through the same four phases set out in ISO 14040, and this course follows them in order. The arrows run both ways for a reason: you will go back to the scope when the inventory surprises you, and interpretation runs alongside the other three from the first day.Life cycle assessment frameworkGoal and scope definitionWhy, what, and where it endsModule 2Inventory analysis (LCI)Every input and outputModule 3Impact assessment (LCIA)Flows turned into impactsModule 4InterpretationRuns alongside every phase, in both directionsMODULE 5Direct applicationsProduct design and improvementStrategic planningPublic policyMarketing and claimsOther usesFigure 3. The four phases of a life cycle assessment and how they connect. Based on the framework in ISO 14040.Exercise 1 \u00b7 about 15 minutesPick one product and answer in writingWho is asking for an LCA of this product, and why now?Write the decision the study should support, in one sentence.List the people you would need data from, by role rather than by name.Write your answers before you open the worked answers at the end of the course.DEISO LCA trainingIf you commission or sign off on studies rather than build themLCA for leaders teaches enough of the method to read a study, question it, and defend the result in front of a customer, a board or a regulator. One-to-one or for a group, starting when you are ready.See LCA training for leaders\nModule 02Goal and scopeThis is the part most people want to rush, and it decides whether the rest of the study is worth anything.The goal says why the study exists and who will read it. The scope says what is being measured, on what basis, and where the edges are. Two ideas carry most of the weight: the functional unit and the system boundary.The functional unitYou don\u2019t compare products. You compare what they do. Take two office chairs, one built to last ten years and a cheaper one that lasts five. \u201cOne chair\u201d is not a fair basis. \u201cSeating one person for ten years\u201d is, and on that basis the cheaper option means two chairs, two shipments and two trips to landfill.A good functional unit says what the product does, how much of it, for how long, and to what standard. \u201cOne litre of paint\u201d is weak. \u201cCovering 10 m\u00b2 of exterior wall for ten years at the stated opacity\u201d is strong, because it lets a longer-lasting paint compete fairly with a cheaper one that needs a second coat.The number of products needed to fulfil the functional unit is the reference flow:R = TFULRA = 10 years10 years = 1 chair \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 RB = 10 years5 years = 2 chairsWhere R is the reference flow, TFU is the time the functional unit covers, and L is the service life of one product.The footprint for the functional unit then follows from the materials and processes in one product, each multiplied by its emission factor:GWPFU = R \u00d7 \u2211i mi \u00b7 EFiWhere mi is the amount of material or process i in one product, and EFi is its emission factor in kg CO\u2082e per unit.Run the chairs through it and the result turns around. Chair B looks better per chair, and worse once you count what it takes to do the same job.Per chairChair A (10-year life)72 kg CO\u2082eChair B (5-year life)41 kg CO\u2082ePer functional unit: seating one person for 10 yearsChair A (1 chair)72 kg CO\u2082eChair B (2 chairs)82 kg CO\u2082eFigure 4. The same two chairs compared per product and per functional unit. Illustrative figures.Choosing a system boundaryThe boundary sets which life stages are in the study. The cradle is the extraction of raw materials, the gate is the factory gate, and the grave is the end of the product\u2019s life. Six boundaries cover almost every study you will meet. Highlighted stages are inside the study.Cradle-to-graveThe full life, ending in disposal. For appliances, vehicles and buildings, where use or end of life can change the answer.Raw materialsManufacturingDistributionUseDisposalStarts: extractionEnds: landfill or incinerationCradle-to-gateRaw materials to the factory gate. For components and materials sold to another manufacturer.Raw materialsManufacturingDistributionUseEnd of lifeStarts: extractionEnds: factory gateGate-to-gateOne site or process only. For improving a single plant or line, or as a building block for a larger study.Raw materialsManufacturingDistributionUseEnd of lifeStarts: factory gate inEnds: factory gate outGate-to-graveFrom the factory gate onwards. For adding your own stages to a supplier\u2019s cradle-to-gate result.Raw materialsManufacturingDistributionUseEnd of lifeStarts: factory gateEnds: disposalCradle-to-cradleThe full life, but end of life is recovery, not disposal. For recycling, reuse and circular design.Raw materialsManufacturingDistributionUseRecovery\u21ba Recovered material goes back in as raw materialStarts: extractionEnds: material back in useWell-to-wheelA fuel\u2019s life, not a product\u2019s. For fuels and transport.ExtractionRefiningDistributionFuellingDrivingWell-to-tankTank-to-wheelStarts: oil or gas wellEnds: energy at the wheelsFigure 5. Six system boundaries. The darker or green last stage shows how each one ends.Reading the three that look alikeCradle-to-grave, cradle-to-cradle and well-to-wheel all cover a full life, so at first glance they look the same. The difference is in what the life is, and what happens at the end of it.Cradle-to-grave ends at disposal. Whatever is left is landfilled or burned, the study counts the emissions from doing that, and nothing comes back.Cradle-to-cradle ends with the material going back into use. The recovered aluminium or polymer becomes raw material for the next product, so the study has to decide how to share the benefit of that recovery between the product that gave the material up and the one that receives it. That is an allocation choice, covered in module 3, and it can move the result a long way.Well-to-wheel follows a fuel, not a product. Well-to-tank covers producing and supplying the fuel; tank-to-wheel covers using it in the vehicle. An electric car and a petrol car can only be compared well-to-wheel, because the electric car has no tailpipe and all its emissions sit in the well-to-tank part.BoundaryStarts atEnds atUse stageEnd of lifeAnswers the questionCradle-to-graveExtractionDisposalIncludedLandfill or incineration countedWhat is the full footprint of this product?Cradle-to-gateExtractionFactory gateNot includedNot includedWhat does it take to make this component?Gate-to-gateFactory gate inFactory gate outNot includedNot includedHow do we improve this one site or line?Gate-to-graveFactory gateDisposalIncludedCountedWhat happens after our supplier\u2019s part ends?Cradle-to-cradleExtractionMaterial back in useIncludedRecovery, with the benefit sharedHow much does keeping material in use save?Well-to-wheelThe wellEnergy at the wheelsDrivingUsually outside the scopeWhich fuel or vehicle has the lower footprint per kilometre?Inside the boundary you will still leave some things out, such as factory buildings or very small flows. That is fine as long as it is written down with a reason, and as long as nothing left out could plausibly change the decision.A one-page scope sheetFieldWhat goes in itDecision it supportsThe one sentence from exercise 1.Product and functional unitWhat it does, how much, for how long, and to what standard.Reference flowHow many products, or how much material, it takes to meet the functional unit.System boundaryWhich of the six, and why.AudienceInternal only, a customer, or the public. This changes how much care the study needs.Time and placeWhich year\u2019s data, and which factories and markets.Left out, and whyAnything excluded, with the reason written next to it.Watch outChanging the functional unit halfway through means redoing most of the study. Agree it in writing, with the people who asked for the work, before anyone collects data.Exercise 2 \u00b7 about 20 minutesDraft the scope sheet for your productWrite a functional unit that says what the product does, how much, for how long and to what standard.Work out the reference flow. Show the division.Choose a boundary from the six, and give the reason in one sentence.Name one thing you would leave out, and explain why it can\u2019t change the decision.Write your answers before you open the worked answers at the end of the course.\nModule 03Life cycle inventoryThe inventory is where the hours go, and where most first studies quietly lose their way.A life cycle inventory is a list of everything that goes into and comes out of the product system, scaled to the functional unit. Materials, energy, water and transport come in. Products, emissions and waste go out. Much of it is bookkeeping. The skill lies in knowing which entries deserve the effort.Scoping and planning10%Collecting data55%Building the model15%Checking and interpreting15%Writing it up5%Figure 6. Where the time typically goes in a first study. Illustrative.Foreground and backgroundThe foreground is what you control or can measure: your own factory, your own trucks, the components your engineers specify. The background is everything behind it: how the grid makes electricity, how a mill makes steel, how a supplier\u2019s supplier makes resin. Background data normally comes from a published database rather than from anyone you can phone.1Aluminium ingot2Melting and casting3Machining4Powder coating5Packed housingBackgroundForeground: measured in your own factoryFigure 7. The process chain for the motor housing used in module 6, split into foreground and background.Spend your measuring effort on the foreground and your judgement on the background. The worst mistakes are rarely wrong meter readings. They are a database record for the wrong country, year or technology, picked because it had a similar name.Primary and secondary dataPrimary data is measured for this product: the electricity your casting line used last year, the scrap rate from your own records. Secondary data is borrowed: an industry average, a database value, a published figure. Chase primary data for anything large, anything you can change, and anything a customer is likely to ask about. Accept good secondary data for the rest, and say which is which.Judging data qualityScore every entry from 1 (good) to 3 (weak). You are looking for the entries that are both large and weak, because those are the ones that can sink the result.QuestionGood (1)Weak (3)Is it the right technology?The same process you actually useA different or generic processIs it the right place?Your country or gridA global or unrelated averageIs it recent?Within the last three yearsTen years old or moreIs it complete?A full year of productionOne week, or one machineCan you trace it?Meter readings, invoices, a named datasetAn estimate nobody can explainAllocation, or sharing the burdenSome processes make more than one useful thing. A sawmill produces timber and sawdust. The inventory has to decide how much of the process belongs to your product. ISO 14044 sets a preferred order: first avoid allocation by splitting the process or widening the system; only then share the burden, ideally by a physical relationship such as mass, and otherwise by something like economic value.sj = mj\u2211k mkWhere sj is the share of the process burden given to co-product j, and m is the mass of each co-product. Swap mass for value to allocate economically.If a sawmill turns ten tonnes of logs into seven of timber and three of sawdust, mass allocation gives the sawdust 30% of the impact. Economic allocation might give it 5%. Neither is wrong. What is wrong is choosing one without saying so, or choosing the one that flatters your product.Cut-off: what you can safely leave outMost studies leave out flows below a small share of total mass or energy. Apply that with care: a few grams of a catalyst or a refrigerant can carry more impact than kilograms of cardboard.A rule worth keepingAsk for the data you need, in the units you need, for a period you name. \u201cElectricity used by casting line 2 in kWh, January to December 2025, from the sub-meter\u201d gets an answer. \u201cEnergy data for the housing\u201d gets a spreadsheet you can\u2019t use.Watch outGas bills arrive in cubic metres, kWh and MJ depending on who sent them. Convert everything to one unit per flow before it goes into the model, and keep a note of how.Exercise 3 \u00b7 about 20 minutesPlan the data for your productList the five inputs you expect to matter most.For each, say whether it is foreground or background, and whether you will use primary or secondary data.Give each a quality score from 1 to 3, and mark the one that worries you most.Write your answers before you open the worked answers at the end of the course.DEISO LCA trainingReady to build the model in software?DEISO runs full training programmes in GaBi (LCA for Experts), openLCA and SimaPro, from zero knowledge to Expert+, using real products.See LCA software training\nModule 04Impact assessmentAn inventory is a long list of flows. Impact assessment turns it into something a person can act on.Even a simple product\u2019s inventory holds hundreds of flows. Classification sorts each one into the impact categories it contributes to: methane into climate change, sulphur dioxide into acidification and fine particulate matter. Characterisation converts each flow into the category\u2019s common unit:ISc = \u2211i Qi \u00d7 CFc,iWhere ISc is the indicator score for category c, Qi is the amount of flow i, and CFc,i is its characterisation factor.For climate change, every greenhouse gas becomes carbon dioxide equivalents using its 100-year global warming potential. With IPCC Sixth Assessment Report values, a kilogram of fossil methane counts as 29.8 kg CO\u2082e and a kilogram of nitrous oxide as 273:CO\u2082e = mCO\u2082 \u00d7 1 + mCH\u2084 \u00d7 29.8 + mN\u2082O \u00d7 273Values change between IPCC reports. Use one set throughout a study, and state which.Choosing categories and a methodCharacterisation factors come packaged in methods such as EF 3.1, ReCiPe 2016 and CML-IA. Pick one that suits your audience and region, use it throughout, and never mix factors from different methods. Then choose the categories. A food or textile study that ignores water and land use has missed the point; anything with electronics should look at mineral resource use. If you can\u2019t say why a category is in or out, you haven\u2019t really chosen it.Why one number is rarely enoughIn Figure 8, option B cuts climate impact by more than a third. If carbon were all you looked at, the decision would be easy. But B uses 41% more water and 17% more mineral resources, and nobody can weigh that trade if the study only printed one number.Climate change10062Water use100141Acidification10088Mineral resource use100117Fine particulate matter10079Option A (reference = 100)Option B, lowerOption B, higherFigure 8. Two options across five impact categories, with option A set to 100. Illustrative figures.Midpoints, endpoints and single scoresThose categories are midpoint indicators. Some methods carry on to endpoint damage, and some normalise and weight everything into one score. Single scores help spot hotspots inside a company, but the weighting is a value judgement, and ISO 14044 does not allow it in comparisons disclosed to the public. It is a good rule to keep even when you aren\u2019t publishing.A rule worth keepingShow the categories side by side before you show any total. If one option wins on everything, say so. If it doesn\u2019t, say that too. Readers trust a study more when it admits a trade-off.Exercise 4 \u00b7 about 15 minutesChoose the categories for your studyName the impact assessment method you would use, and why it suits your audience.List three categories besides climate change that could matter for your product, with a reason for each.Describe one trade-off your study might uncover, and who would need to weigh it.Write your answers before you open the worked answers at the end of the course.DEISO LCA trainingWant to go deeper into the method itself?LCA professional training works through these ideas properly, from scoping to a study that stands up to review, on a progression path from zero knowledge to Expert+.See LCA professional training\nModule 05InterpretationThis is where a study either earns its keep or turns into a report nobody reads.Interpretation isn\u2019t a final chapter. It is a set of questions you keep asking the model: where is the impact, how far would the answer move if an assumption were wrong, and is the difference between two options real?Find the hotspots firstA contribution analysis ranks the pieces of the result. In most products a handful of entries carry most of the impact. That tells you where improvement is worth chasing, and which data you must get right.Test how sensitive the answer isSR = \u0394R \/ R\u0394P \/ PWhere R is the result and P the parameter varied. Near zero, the result barely cares. Above 1 in either direction, it moves proportionally more than the input, and that assumption needs defending.You don\u2019t need a ratio for everything. Vary the five or six assumptions you are least sure of, across a range you could defend, and show them in a tornado chart like the one in module 6.Know when a difference isn\u2019t a differenceTwo designs come back at 48 and 44 kg CO\u2082e. It is tempting to call B 8% better. But if the ranges overlap, as they nearly always do, you can\u2019t honestly say which is lower. That tells you to decide on other grounds, or to improve one specific piece of data first.Design A48 (range 41 to 56)Design B44 (range 38 to 52)kg CO\u2082e per functional unitFigure 9. Two designs whose central results differ but whose ranges overlap. Illustrative figures.What you can honestly claimClaimWhat it needs\u201cThe housing has a cradle-to-gate footprint of 44.6 kg CO\u2082e.\u201dThe boundary, the functional unit and the method stated next to the number.\u201cOur new design cuts the footprint by 60%.\u201dThe same boundary, method and data quality for both designs, and a sensitivity check that the cut survives.\u201cOur product is lower-carbon than competitor X.\u201dA comparison disclosed to the public. Under ISO 14044 this calls for a critical review by an independent panel.\u201cClimate neutral\u201d, \u201ceco-friendly\u201d, \u201cgreen\u201dAvoid. An LCA can\u2019t support them, and regulators in several markets are tightening the rules on exactly this wording.A rule worth keepingEvery number that leaves the building travels with its boundary. \u201c44.6 kg CO\u2082e, cradle-to-gate, per housing\u201d is a fact. \u201c44.6 kg\u201d on its own is an invitation to be misquoted.Exercise 5 \u00b7 about 15 minutesStress-test your own studyWhich two or three entries do you expect to be the hotspots, and why?Name the assumption you are least sure of, and the range you would test.Write the claim you would like to make, then rewrite it so it carries its boundary.Write your answers before you open the worked answers at the end of the course.\nModule 06A worked exampleOne product, followed from the first question to the result. The numbers are illustrative, but the steps are the real ones.A manufacturer of small electric motors casts its own aluminium housings. A large customer wants lower-carbon components, and purchasing has a quote for aluminium with 70% recycled content at a higher price. Is the switch worth it?Step 1. The decision and the scopeFieldEntryDecision it supportsSwitch the housing to 70% recycled aluminium, or not.Functional unitOne finished, coated and packed housing meeting drawing MH-24, ready for assembly.Reference flow1 housing, 2.4 kg finished; 2.6 kg of aluminium bought per housing to cover casting and machining losses.System boundaryCradle-to-gate. The housing goes into the customer\u2019s motor, so its use is outside the company\u2019s control.AudienceInternal decision first; a summary may go to the customer later.Time and placeProduction year 2025, one casting plant.Left out, and whyFactory buildings and tooling, spread over millions of parts; office overheads. Neither can change the decision.Step 2. The inventoryInput per housingAmountFactorkg CO\u2082eDataAluminium ingot, primary2.6 kg16.0 per kg41.60BackgroundCasting electricity3.2 kWh0.45 per kWh1.44PrimaryNatural gas for melting12 MJ0.056 per MJ0.67PrimaryMachining electricity0.8 kWh0.45 per kWh0.36PrimaryInbound transport, truck2.08 t\u00b7km0.10 per t\u00b7km0.21SecondaryPowder coating0.06 kg3.5 per kg0.21SecondaryCardboard packaging0.15 kg1.0 per kg0.15SecondaryTotal44.64Factors are illustrative and chosen for teaching. Check current database values before using any of them.Step 3. Where the impact sitsThe aluminium itself is 93% of the footprint. Everything the plant does with it adds up to a little over 3 kg. If the company wants a lower-carbon housing, the material is where it has to look.Aluminium ingot41.60 kgCasting electricity1.44 kgMelting gas0.67 kgMachining0.36 kgTransport0.21 kgCoating0.21 kgPackaging0.15 kgFigure 10. Contribution of each input per housing. Illustrative figures.Step 4. The optionReplace the primary ingot with the offered mix: 30% primary at 16.0 kg CO\u2082e per kg, and 70% recycled at 0.6. Nothing else changes.EAl = 2.6 \u00d7 (0.3 \u00d7 16.0 + 0.7 \u00d7 0.6) = 13.57 kg CO\u2082eReduction = 44.6 \u2212 16.644.6 = 62.8%Adding the unchanged 3.04 kg from the other inputs gives 16.6 kg CO\u2082e per housing, against 44.6 today.Today: primary aluminium44.6 kg CO\u2082eOption: 70% recycled16.6 kg CO\u2082eAluminiumEverything elseFigure 11. The housing today and with 70% recycled aluminium. Illustrative figures.Step 5. Does the result survive?A 63% cut looks decisive, but it rests on assumptions. Three of the four below barely matter. The one that does is whether the supplier actually supplies 70%. At 50%, the footprint rises to 24.6 kg:Recycled share achieved (50% not 70%)24.6Primary aluminium factor (12 to 20)13.519.7Grid electricity factor (0.30 to 0.60)16.017.2Recycled aluminium factor (0.4 to 1.0)16.217.3kg CO\u2082e per housing; the black line is the central result, 16.6Figure 12. How far the 16.6 kg result moves when each assumption is varied. Illustrative figures.SR = (24.6 \u2212 16.6) \/ 16.6(50 \u2212 70) \/ 70 = 0.48\u22120.29 \u2248 \u22121.7Every percentage point of recycled content lost costs proportionally more than it looks.Even in the worst case, the switch still cuts the footprint by about 45%. So the study supports the decision, with one condition: the contract has to specify the recycled share and ask for evidence of it, shipment by shipment. That condition is the most useful thing the study produced.Step 6. What the company can sayInternally: the switch cuts the housing\u2019s cradle-to-gate footprint from 44.6 to about 16.6 kg CO\u2082e, provided the recycled share is verified. To the customer: the same statement, with the boundary, functional unit and method attached. Not on the website as a headline percentage, at least until a year of shipments has confirmed the recycled share.Exercise 6 \u00b7 about 25 minutesRework the exampleRecalculate the footprint with a grid factor of 0.30 kg CO\u2082e per kWh and 70% recycled aluminium. Show your working.The supplier offers 85% recycled content at a further premium. What is the new result, and is it worth asking for?Write the one sentence you would send to the customer.Write your answers before you open the worked answers at the end of the course.DEISO LCA trainingAlready modelling, and want a second pair of eyes?LCA software coaching is booked by the hour for experienced users of GaBi (LCA for Experts), openLCA and SimaPro. Bring your own model and the questions it raised.See LCA software coaching\nModule 07From results to actionA study that changes nothing was an expensive way to fill a folder.Turn each hotspot into a decision with an ownerFor every hotspot, write down the change that would reduce it, the person who could make that change, and the date by which they will decide. In the housing example that meant a revised purchasing specification, owned by the head of procurement, decided before the next supplier review.A 30-60-90 day planDays 1 to 30Share the scope sheet and the main result with the decision owner.Agree the one or two changes worth pursuing.Fix the weakest large data entry.Days 31 to 60Model each change as a scenario, with a sensitivity check.Cost the changes alongside their impact.Draft the wording of any claim, with its boundary.Days 61 to 90Take the decision and record it.Write the change into specifications or contracts.Set the date and trigger for the next update.Keep the study aliveTreat the model as a working file, not a report. Keep a short assumptions log, give it a version number, and agree what would trigger an update: a new supplier, a new plant, a design change, or a year passing. A maintained model is the cheapest way to answer the next customer\u2019s question.When to bring in an independent reviewerA study used only inside the company can stand on its own if it is well documented. Bring in an independent reviewer when the result will be published, when it compares your product with a competitor\u2019s, when it supports a claim in a tender, or when a large investment depends on it. Plan the review in from the start; it costs far less than adding it at the end.Build it in-house, buy it in, or bothA company with one or two products to assess a year is usually better off buying in the modelling and building the skills to commission and read the work. A company with a large portfolio, or customers asking every quarter, gets more from training its own people.A rule worth keepingEvery study should end with a list of decisions, each with an owner and a date. If the list is empty, ask whether the study was asked the right question.Exercise 7 \u00b7 about 20 minutesWrite your own 90-day planName the hotspot you expect, the change that would reduce it, and the person who could make it.Fill in one action for each stage: days 1 to 30, 31 to 60, and 61 to 90.Decide whether your study needs an independent review, and say why.Write your answers before you open the worked answers at the end of the course.\nFinal quizTest yourself: 24 questionsAnswer each one in your head or on paper, then open it to check. The correct option is shown in bold.1. What should be written down before any data is collected?AA list of impact categoriesBThe decision the study has to supportCThe software to be usedDThe final result you expectAnswer B. Every later choice, from the boundary to the categories, follows from the decision.2. Which of these is the strongest functional unit for an exterior paint?AOne litre of paintBOne tin of paintCCovering 10 m\u00b2 of wall for ten years at the stated opacityDThe paint used in one yearAnswer C. It says what the product does, how much, for how long and to what standard.3. A product lasts 5 years and the functional unit covers 15 years. What is the reference flow?A1 productB3 productsC5 productsD15 productsAnswer B. R = 15 \/ 5 = 3.4. Which boundary suits a component sold to another manufacturer?ACradle-to-graveBGate-to-graveCCradle-to-gateDUse stage onlyAnswer C. You can\u2019t know how the buyer will use it, so the study stops at your factory gate.5. For which product is the use stage most likely to dominate?AAn office chairBA washing machineCA cardboard boxDA steel beamAnswer B. Years of electricity use outweigh its manufacture.6. What belongs in the foreground of a study?ANational grid electricityBProcesses you control or can measureCGlobal steel productionDEvery database record usedAnswer B. The background is what comes from databases or suppliers.7. Which data deserves the most effort to improve?ASmall entries with poor qualityBLarge entries with good qualityCLarge entries with poor qualityDEvery entry equallyAnswer C. Large and weak entries are the ones that can move the result.8. A process makes two co-products. What does ISO 14044 prefer first?AEconomic allocationBMass allocationCAvoiding allocation by subdivision or system expansionDGiving everything to the main productAnswer C. Allocation is the fallback, not the first choice.9. Ten tonnes of logs give seven of timber and three of sawdust. Under mass allocation, the sawdust carries:A3%B10%C30%D70%Answer C. 3 \/ (7 + 3) = 0.30.10. Why check small flows before cutting them off?ADatabases demand itBA few grams of a potent substance can carry a large impactCThey are always primary dataDSmall flows can\u2019t be measuredAnswer B. Refrigerants and catalysts are the usual examples.11. What does characterisation do?ASorts flows into categoriesBConverts flows into a category\u2019s common unitCWeights categories into one scoreDChecks data qualityAnswer B. Classification sorts; characterisation converts.12. Using IPCC AR6 values, 2 kg of fossil methane equals roughly:A2 kg CO\u2082eB29.8 kg CO\u2082eC59.6 kg CO\u2082eD546 kg CO\u2082eAnswer C. 2 \u00d7 29.8 = 59.6.13. Why report several impact categories rather than climate change alone?AIt looks more thoroughBAn option can be better on carbon and worse elsewhereCISO requires at least fiveDClimate change is hard to calculateAnswer B. Figure 8 shows a typical trade-off.14. ISO 14044 does not allow weighting in:AAny studyBInternal hotspot screeningCComparative assertions disclosed to the publicDCradle-to-gate studiesAnswer C. Weighting is a value judgement, not a measurement.15. What does a contribution analysis show?AHow sensitive the result isBWhich processes or materials account for the impactCWhether two options differDWhich method to useAnswer B. It ranks the pieces of the result.16. A sensitivity ratio of 2 means:AThe result moves twice as much, proportionally, as the inputBThe input is twice as uncertainCThe result doublesDThe parameter can be ignoredAnswer A. SR = (\u0394R\/R) \/ (\u0394P\/P).17. Two designs score 48 and 44 kg CO\u2082e with ranges that overlap. What can you say?AB is 8% betterBA is betterCOn current evidence, neither is clearly lowerDThe study is invalidAnswer C. Overlapping ranges mean the difference isn\u2019t established.18. Which claim is safest to make in public?AOur product is eco-friendlyBOur product is climate neutralC44.6 kg CO\u2082e per housing, cradle-to-gate, using a stated methodDGreener than competitor XAnswer C. A number with its boundary, unit and method is a fact.19. A comparison with a competitor\u2019s product, published externally, calls for:ANothing extraBA single scoreCA critical review by an independent panelDA longer reportAnswer C. ISO 14044 sets this requirement for comparative assertions.20. In the worked example, what share of the housing footprint came from the aluminium?AAbout 50%BAbout 75%CAbout 93%DAbout 99%Answer C. 41.6 of 44.6 kg CO\u2082e.21. Which assumption moved the housing result most?AGrid electricity factorBRecycled share actually achievedCRecycled aluminium factorDTransport distanceAnswer B. At 50% instead of 70%, the result rose from 16.6 to 24.6.22. What condition did the worked example put on the decision?ANoneBSpecify the recycled share in the contract and ask for evidenceCSwitch suppliers every yearDPublish the result firstAnswer B. The result depends on the recycled share being real.23. A hotspot becomes useful when it has:AA chartBA change, an owner and a dateCA higher scoreDAn independent reviewAnswer B. Without an owner and a date, nothing changes.24. What keeps the cost of the next study low?ARebuilding the model each timeBA versioned model with an assumptions log and update triggersCUsing a single scoreDAvoiding primary dataAnswer B. A maintained model answers the next question quickly.\nAnswersWorked answers to the exercisesThese use the motor housing from module 6 where a single example helps. Your answers will differ, and that is the point.Exercise 1: worked answerWho is asking: a key customer\u2019s purchasing team, as part of a supplier review that scores component footprints this year.Decision: \u201cWe need to know whether moving to recycled aluminium cuts the footprint of the motor housing by enough to justify the extra cost.\u201dPeople: production engineer (energy and scrap data), purchasing (supplier and material data), logistics (transport), quality (drawing and specification), finance (cost of the option).Exercise 2: worked answerFunctional unit: one finished, coated and packed housing meeting drawing MH-24, ready for assembly.Reference flow: 1 housing; 2.6 kg of aluminium bought per housing (2.4 kg finished, the rest lost in casting and machining).Boundary: cradle-to-gate, because the housing is built into the customer\u2019s motor and its use stage is out of the company\u2019s hands.Left out: the factory building and tooling, spread over millions of parts; a rough check puts them well under 1% per housing.Exercise 3: worked answerFive inputs: aluminium ingot, casting electricity, melting gas, machining electricity, inbound transport.Sources: aluminium is background (database, scored 2 for region); the three energy inputs are foreground primary data from sub-meters (scored 1); transport is secondary, estimated from the supplier\u2019s location (scored 2).Biggest worry: the aluminium factor. It is the largest entry and the only one not measured on site.Exercise 4: worked answerMethod: EF 3.1, because the customer reports in Europe and expects that method.Other categories: mineral resource use (a metal product), acidification (smelting emits sulphur dioxide), fine particulate matter (casting and melting).Trade-off: a recycled supply chain might carry more transport and less energy. Purchasing and the sustainability lead would weigh it together.Exercise 5: worked answerHotspots: the aluminium ingot by a long way, then casting electricity.Least certain assumption: the recycled share the supplier actually supplies, tested between 50% and 70%.Claim: \u201cThe new housing has a lower footprint\u201d becomes \u201cWith 70% recycled aluminium, the housing\u2019s cradle-to-gate footprint is about 16.6 kg CO2e per unit, against 44.6 kg today.\u201dExercise 6: worked answerGrid factor at 0.30: 4.0 kWh of electricity \u00d7 0.30 = 1.20 kg instead of 1.80 kg, so the total falls by 0.6 to about 16.0 kg CO2e.85% recycled: 2.6 \u00d7 (0.15 \u00d7 16.0 + 0.85 \u00d7 0.6) = 7.57 kg for the aluminium, plus 3.04 kg for everything else, giving about 10.6 kg CO2e. That is a further 6 kg per housing. Whether it is worth paying for depends on the price, but it is worth asking, as long as the higher share can be evidenced.Customer sentence: \u201cFrom the next contract year, the housing\u2019s cradle-to-gate footprint falls from about 44.6 to 16.6 kg CO2e per unit, based on 70% recycled aluminium verified on every shipment.\u201dExercise 7: worked answerHotspot and owner: aluminium ingot; switch to verified recycled content; head of procurement.Plan: days 1 to 30, agree the switch in principle and request evidence formats from the supplier; days 31 to 60, model 70% and 85% with sensitivity and cost them; days 61 to 90, sign the revised specification and set a yearly update.Review: not for the internal decision. Yes before any public comparison, or if the figure goes into a tender.\nGlossaryKey terms in plain wordsTermMeaningAllocationSharing the burden of a process between the co-products it makes.BackgroundProcesses outside your control, usually modelled with database data.Characterisation factorThe number that converts one flow into the common unit of an impact category.CO\u2082eCarbon dioxide equivalent: greenhouse gases expressed as the amount of CO\u2082 with the same warming effect.Contribution analysisBreaking a result down by process or material to find the hotspots.Cradle-to-gateA boundary that stops when the product leaves the factory.Cradle-to-graveA boundary that follows the product through use and end of life.Critical reviewAn independent check of a study against the ISO standards, required for public comparative claims.Cut-offA rule for leaving out flows too small to matter.Emission factorThe emissions per unit of an activity, such as kg CO\u2082e per kWh.ForegroundProcesses you control or can measure directly.Functional unitWhat the product does, how much, for how long and to what standard; the basis of every comparison.HotspotA process or material that accounts for a large share of an impact.Impact categoryA type of environmental effect, such as climate change or water use.Inventory (LCI)The list of all inputs and outputs of the product system, scaled to the functional unit.Midpoint and endpointIndicators measured part-way to damage, and indicators of the damage itself.Primary dataData measured for this product or process.Reference flowThe amount of product needed to fulfil the functional unit.Secondary dataData borrowed from databases, averages or published studies.Sensitivity analysisChanging one assumption to see how far the result moves.System boundaryThe line that sets which life stages and processes are in the study.\nQuestions people askFrequently asked questions about LCAWhat is a life cycle assessment (LCA)?A life cycle assessment is a method for measuring the environmental impact of a product across its life, from extracting the raw materials to whatever happens at the end. It is set out in ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 and runs in four phases: goal and scope, inventory, impact assessment and interpretation. The result is a model, not just a number, so it can show where the impact sits and what would reduce it.What is the difference between cradle-to-gate and cradle-to-grave?Cradle-to-gate stops when the product leaves the factory, so it covers raw materials and manufacturing only. Cradle-to-grave carries on through distribution, use and disposal. Use cradle-to-gate for components sold to another manufacturer, and cradle-to-grave whenever use or end of life could change the answer. A washing machine is the clearest case: most of its footprint comes from the electricity it uses at home.What is a functional unit?The functional unit is what the product does, how much of it, for how long and to what standard. It is the basis for every comparison. Two chairs are not compared \u201cper chair\u201d but per \u201cseating one person for ten years\u201d, so a cheap chair that lasts five years counts twice. Getting it right at the start saves most of the rework later.How long does a first LCA take?For a single product, a first study usually takes somewhere between six weeks and three months. The modelling itself is rarely the slow part. Most of the time goes on collecting data from purchasing, production and suppliers, which is why a clear scope and a precise data request make more difference to the timeline than anything else.Do I need LCA software to start?Not to start. A first screening of the main materials and energy use can be done in a spreadsheet with published emission factors. A full study needs dedicated software such as GaBi (LCA for Experts), openLCA or SimaPro, together with a background database, because they hold thousands of processes and handle impact assessment consistently. openLCA is free to download; the databases usually are not.What data do I need for an LCA?For your own operations: the materials bought per product, energy use by process, scrap and waste, packaging and transport. For everything upstream and downstream you normally rely on database values. Ask for each figure in a named unit and for a named period, such as a full production year, and note where it came from. Large entries with weak data are the ones to fix first.When does an LCA need an independent review?A study used only inside the company can stand on its own if it is well documented. A comparison with another product that is disclosed to the public needs a critical review by an independent panel under ISO 14044. A review is also worth having when a result supports a claim in a tender or a large investment decision. It costs far less planned in from the start.Is an LCA the same as a carbon footprint?No. A product carbon footprint looks at one impact category, climate change, and follows the rules in ISO 14067. An LCA can cover many categories at once, such as water use, acidification and resource use, which is how it shows trade-offs a carbon figure alone would hide. A carbon footprint is often a sensible first step, and it uses the same groundwork as an LCA.Is this course free, and is there a PDF?Yes. The whole course is free to read on this page. The 40-page PDF, with every figure, the quiz, worked answers and two templates, is free to download with a My DEISO account, and the same course can be taken interactively in My DEISO with your progress saved.Where can I get LCA training after this course?DEISO runs LCA training one-to-one or for a group, starting on demand, in methodology and in GaBi (LCA for Experts), openLCA and SimaPro, from zero knowledge to Expert+. There is a programme for leaders who commission and approve studies, and hourly coaching for people who already model.\nWhat nextContinue with DEISO LCA trainingThis course gets you to the point where you can scope a study, ask for the right data and read a result critically. Building and defending studies of your own takes practice with someone who has done it many times. DEISO\u2019s LCA training runs one-to-one or for a group, starts on demand, and is led by PhD-level LCA practitioners.If you are\u2026Start withLeading a team, or commissioning and approving studiesLCA for leadersBuilding practical LCA capability, from zero to Expert+LCA professional trainingLearning GaBi (LCA for Experts), openLCA or SimaProLCA software trainingAlready modelling, and stuck on specific questionsLCA software coachingKeep this courseGet the full course as a PDFAll seven modules, every figure and equation, the quiz, worked answers, a scope sheet and a data request template, in 40 pages. Register free with My DEISO and the download starts straight away, or take the course interactively there.Download the free PDF courseSee DEISO LCA trainingTake it in My DEISOHow to cite this courseDEISO LLC (2026). Life cycle assessment (LCA): a getting-started course for enterprise teams. Edition 1.0. Free mini course. Available at https:\/\/dei.so\/lca-getting-started-courseThe figures, examples and exercises are original to DEISO. Numerical examples are illustrative and chosen for teaching; check any factor against a current, documented source before using it in a real study.\" data-s=\"Life cycle assessment (LCA) course for enterprises\" data-d=\"1791389361\" data-m=\"1791405936\" data-cat=\"1737\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/lca-getting-started-course\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-lca-getting-started-course-featured-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Deiso lca getting started course featured\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-lca-getting-started-course-featured-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-lca-getting-started-course-featured-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-lca-getting-started-course-featured-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-lca-getting-started-course-featured-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-lca-getting-started-course-featured.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Tutorials<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Tutorials<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">8 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 39 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/lca-getting-started-course\">Life cycle assessment (LCA) course for enterprises<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Life cycle assessment (LCA): a free getting-started course for enterprise teams Free mini course Learn to scope, run and read a life cycle assessment Seven modules, an exercise\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/lca-getting-started-course\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Life cycle assessment (LCA) course for enterprises\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Digital certificates for capacity building training News Announcement\r\n        DEISO introduces digital certificates for capacity building training\r\n        Every DEISO capacity building training now ends with a digital certificate. Each one has its own web address and a QR code, so anyone can check it in seconds \u2014 an employer, a client, a procurement team or a regulator reviewing your team\u2019s qualifications.\r\n            See a live example\r\n            Open the demo certificate at dei.so\/DSC07012626\r\n            View the demo certificate \u2192\r\n        Benefits\r\n        What a digital certificate gives you\r\n        A paper or PDF certificate can be copied, edited or lost. A DEISO digital certificate lives on DEISO\u2019s own record and answers for itself.\r\n            \r\n            Career development\r\n            Add your certificate to your LinkedIn profile in one step, share it in a post, or link it in your CV and email signature. Recruiters and clients see a verified record, not just a line of text.\r\n            \r\n            QR code verification\r\n            Every certificate carries a QR code. Scan it with any phone camera and the certificate\u2019s page opens with its live status. The code is drawn by DEISO\u2019s own system, with no outside service involved.\r\n            \r\n            Live status, always current\r\n            The page shows whether the certificate is valid, has expired or was withdrawn \u2014 checked against DEISO\u2019s record every time it opens. An old screenshot cannot hide a change.\r\n            \r\n            A verified professional profile\r\n            Your photo, job title, company and company logo appear beside the credential, with a verified badge. Your official name can only change through an identity-checked request.\r\n            \r\n            Your privacy, your choice\r\n            You decide whether search engines may list your certificate page \u2014 it is off unless you turn it on \u2014 and which profile details appear on it.\r\n            \r\n            No extra charge\r\n            The digital certificate comes with every paid examination and certification fee at no additional cost. You keep it in My DEISO, ready to share whenever you need it.\r\n        Verification\r\n        How verification works\r\n        \r\n          Scan the QR code or open the addressEach certificate has its own address in the form dei.so\/DSC followed by the issue date and two digits \u2014 for example dei.so\/DSC07012626.\r\n          See the recordThe page shows the holder, the training completed, the issue date, the validity and the certificate number.\r\n          Trust the statusThe status comes straight from DEISO\u2019s record, so a withdrawn or expired certificate shows as such wherever the link was shared.\r\n        \r\n        Built by DEISO\r\n        Developed in-house by the DEISO IT team\r\n        The certification system is powered by My DEISO, the member portal developed by the DEISO IT team. Certificates, verification pages and QR codes all run on DEISO\u2019s own platform, so the record of your training stays with the organisation that trained you.\r\n        Included with every paid examination and certification fee \u2014 no extra charge.\r\n        Questions\r\n        Frequently asked questions\r\n        \r\n          Does the digital certificate cost extra?\r\n          No. It is included with every paid examination and certification fee.\r\n        \r\n        \r\n          Who can see my certificate?\r\n          Anyone with the address or the QR code can open the certificate page. Search engines list it only if you allow it, and you choose which profile details are shown.\r\n        \r\n        \r\n          What if my name changes?\r\n          Send a name change request from My DEISO. Once DEISO checks it, the new name appears on every certificate page.\r\n        \r\n        \r\n          Is this a formal accreditation?\r\n          No. A DEISO certificate recognises completion of DEISO training and, where it applies, its examination. DEISO is not a certification or verification body.\r\n        \r\n          Next step\r\n          Find your training program\r\n          Browse DEISO\u2019s capacity building training with the Training Finder, and earn a verifiable digital certificate when you complete it.\r\n            Open the Training Finder \u2192\r\n            View the demo certificate \u2192\" data-s=\"Digital certificates for capacity building training\" data-d=\"1791353075\" data-m=\"1791353311\" data-cat=\"7\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-digital-certificates\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-digital-certificates-featured-768x403.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Deiso digital certificates featured\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-digital-certificates-featured-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-digital-certificates-featured-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-digital-certificates-featured-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-digital-certificates-featured-18x9.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-digital-certificates-featured.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">7 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-digital-certificates\">Digital certificates for capacity building training<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Announcement DEISO introduces digital certificates for capacity building training Every DEISO capacity building training now ends with a digital certificate. Each one has its own web address and\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-digital-certificates\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Digital certificates for capacity building training\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"ecoinvent System Models Explained: Why Your LCA Results Change Blog Posts LCA method \u00b7 ecoinvent\n          ecoinvent system models: why the same process gives different results\n          Calculated in cut-off, APOS and consequential, one dataset\u2019s results moved by up to 34 times. Choose the system model on purpose, and be ready to defend it.\n   Download the free checklist \u2192\n            See the evidence \u2192\n          Evidence from one dataset \u00b7 four system models explained \u00b7 a five-step selection framework\n\nPick a different ecoinvent system model and the same process gives you a different answer. Not a slightly different answer \u2014 sometimes a result thirty times higher, sometimes a ranking that flips from one impact category to the next.\nMost practitioners know the system models exist. Far fewer choose one on purpose. The model gets inherited from the last project, accepted as it comes in the software, or set to cut-off because that is what everyone seems to use. Our view is simple: the system model is a goal-and-scope decision, and it deserves the same care as the functional unit or the system boundary.\nIn shortOne dataset, three system models, results up to 34 times apartThe ranking between models changes by impact category, so conclusions can reverseCut-off is right in many studies \u2014 when a rule or the study question calls for itA five-step framework, and a free checklist, to choose and defend the system model\nThe evidenceOne process, three answersWe calculated one ecoinvent dataset \u2014 market for magnesium, for reuse in titanium sponge production \u2014 in three system models, with the same impact method and nothing else changed. Climate change alone moves from 8.2 to 20.9 kg CO\u2082-eq.Figure 1 \u00b7 Climate change, kg CO\u2082-eq per unitCut-off9.05APOS8.21Consequential20.89One dataset: market for magnesium, for reuse in titanium sponge production. The consequential result is 2.3 times the cut-off result; APOS is 9% lower.Climate change is the gentle case. Across the other categories the gap widens: the consequential result for human toxicity is 30.7 times the cut-off result, and terrestrial ecotoxicity 34.5 times. Freshwater ecotoxicity is around 15 times higher in both APOS and consequential.Figure 2 \u00b7 Result in APOS and consequential, relative to cut-off (log scale)\nCut-off = 1\u00d7APOSConsequential\nClimate change0.91\u00d72.31\u00d7Non-renewable energy0.81\u00d71.82\u00d7Acidification1.19\u00d71.40\u00d7Metals and minerals2.15\u00d71.92\u00d7Marine ecotoxicity1.54\u00d74.57\u00d7Photochemical oxidants2.66\u00d72.71\u00d7Eutrophication2.47\u00d78.88\u00d7Freshwater ecotoxicity14.8\u00d716.0\u00d7Human toxicity3.55\u00d730.7\u00d7Terrestrial ecotoxicity3.27\u00d734.5\u00d70.5\u00d71\u00d72\u00d75\u00d710\u00d720\u00d750\u00d7\nSame dataset, same impact method. Bars to the left of the 1\u00d7 line are lower than cut-off; bars to the right are higher. The scale is logarithmic, so each step is a multiple.\nThe modelsThe four ecoinvent system models, in plain termsAllocation, cut-off by classification \u2014 waste is the producer\u2019s burden, and recyclable materials enter their next life free of earlier burdens. Recycled inputs carry only the impacts of collection and reprocessing.Allocation, cut-off, EN15804 \u2014 the same logic, with the cut-off point moved to the end-of-waste state, plus the inventory indicators that EN 15804 EPDs need.Allocation at the point of substitution (APOS) \u2014 the burdens of waste treatment are shared with the users of the valuable products that treatment creates, such as recovered materials or energy.Substitution, consequential, long-term \u2014 asks what changes when demand changes: marginal suppliers meet the extra demand, and by-products earn credits for the production they displace.The first three are attributional: they share out the burdens of the system as it is. The fourth is consequential: it models the effect of a change. Those are different questions, and they should not be answered with the same data by habit.\nThe mechanismWhy the numbers move so muchThe models differ in how they treat three things: recyclable materials, by-products and markets. A product that touches none of them barely moves between models. A product that touches all three moves a lot.\nOur magnesium dataset is a market for a material that goes back into a production loop, so it sits right on the fault line. Under cut-off, recycled material arrives almost free of its history. Under APOS, part of the burden of the earlier life follows it. Under the consequential model, the question becomes which supplier responds to extra demand \u2014 and the answer brings in a very different supply chain.\nConstrained markets push results further still. ecoinvent\u2019s own explanation of the consequential model uses sodium hydroxide, a product made only as a by-product of chlorine; we discuss that chemical in our sodium hydroxide LCA case study.\nThe real riskThe ranking flipsLarge gaps are uncomfortable, but a consistent gap would at least leave the ranking intact. It doesn\u2019t. APOS gives a lower result than cut-off for climate change and non-renewable energy, and a higher result for every toxicity category \u2014 almost 15 times higher for freshwater ecotoxicity.Figure 3 \u00b7 APOS against cut-off: lower on some categories, far higher on others\nAPOS lower than cut-offAPOS higher than cut-off\nNon-renewable energy0.81\u00d7Climate change0.91\u00d7Acidification1.19\u00d7Marine ecotoxicity1.54\u00d7Metals and minerals2.15\u00d7Eutrophication2.47\u00d7Photochemical oxidants2.66\u00d7Terrestrial ecotoxicity3.27\u00d7Human toxicity3.55\u00d7Freshwater ecotoxicity14.8\u00d70.5\u00d71\u00d72\u00d75\u00d710\u00d720\u00d750\u00d7\nJudged on climate change alone, APOS makes this dataset look better than cut-off. Judged on toxicity, it looks far worse.That matters for every decision an LCA supports. A hotspot can move. A \u201cgreener\u201d option can lose its lead. A recycled-content claim can look strong in one model and weak in another. If the system model was never chosen deliberately, nobody can say which picture is the right one.\nCommon mistakesWhere studies go wrongThe inherited model \u2014 the system model from the last project is reused without asking whether the new study has the same goal.The default setting \u2014 cut-off is used because it was already selected, not because a rule or the study question calls for it.Mixed models \u2014 background datasets from different system models end up in one product system.Silent reporting \u2014 the report never names the system model, so no reviewer or reader can check the choice.Cross-model comparison \u2014 two footprints calculated in different system models are compared as if the difference were real.It is one of the first things we check when we review a study.\nFair to cut-offWhen cut-off is the right answerNone of this makes cut-off wrong. In many studies it is required. The PACT Methodology and the TfS PCF Guideline use the cut-off (recycled content) approach for product carbon footprints, Catena-X prescribes it for the automotive supply chain, and EN 15804 EPDs use the dedicated Allocation, cut-off, EN15804 model.\necoinvent itself recommends cut-off to users new to the database, because it is easier to understand, and to those who want continuity with earlier work. That is sound advice for learning. It is not a statement that cut-off fits every goal \u2014 ecoinvent is clear that the choice of system model is the user\u2019s responsibility.\nThe solutionThe DEISO system model selection frameworkWe use five steps to choose a system model, and to defend it to a reviewer.\n\nRule first. If a PCR, a standard or a data-exchange rule sets the approach, follow it: Allocation, cut-off, EN15804 for EN 15804 EPDs; the cut-off approach under PACT, TfS or Catena-X; the Circular Footprint Formula under PEF.\nQuestion second. Accounting, reporting and product claims call for an attributional model, cut-off or APOS. A decision about a change \u2014 a new plant, a new material, a policy \u2014 calls for the consequential model.\nMaterial profile. Recycled or secondary materials, by-products, constrained markets and waste treatment with recovery all mean high sensitivity. Flag them early.\nThree-model screening. For sensitive products, calculate the key results in cut-off, APOS and consequential. Record the spread, and check whether hotspots and rankings hold.\nDeclare and defend. Name the system model and the reason in the goal and scope, report the screening spread where it matters, and never compare results from different models.\n\nStudy goalSystem modelEPD under EN 15804+A2Allocation, cut-off, EN15804Product carbon footprint under PACT, TfS or Catena-XCut-off (recycled content) approachProduct Environmental Footprint (PEF)Circular Footprint Formula, as the PEF method sets itInternal hotspot analysis or ecodesignCut-off or APOS, with three-model screening for sensitive productsDecision about a change, a policy or a new technologySubstitution, consequential, long-term\nThe same discipline applies to carbon accounting: background datasets in a GHG inventory should come from one stated system model too.\nFree downloadThe system model decision checklistFree checklistChoose and defend your ecoinvent system modelThe five-step framework, a comparison of the four system models, a screening worksheet for your own results and a report declaration checklist \u2014 on three pages.Download the checklist (PDF) \u2192\nThe dataFull results by system modelAll values per unit of the dataset market for magnesium, for reuse in titanium sponge production, calculated with the same impact method in each system model.Impact categoryCut-offAPOSConsequentialConsequential \/ cut-offClimate changekg CO\u2082-eq9.058.2120.892.31\u00d7Non-renewable energyMJ107.1686.67195.001.82\u00d7Acidificationkg SO\u2082-eq0.0370.04380.05171.40\u00d7Metals and mineralskg Sb-eq1.30\u00d710\u221252.80\u00d710\u221252.50\u00d710\u221251.92\u00d7Marine ecotoxicitykg 1,4-DCB-eq37,12657,062169,8404.57\u00d7Photochemical oxidantskg ethylene-eq0.002010.005350.005452.71\u00d7Eutrophicationkg PO\u2084-eq0.008810.02180.07828.88\u00d7Freshwater ecotoxicitykg 1,4-DCB-eq2.6639.2242.4516.0\u00d7Human toxicitykg 1,4-DCB-eq16.1057.20494.1830.7\u00d7Terrestrial ecotoxicitykg 1,4-DCB-eq0.08740.2853.0134.5\u00d7Ozone depletionkg CFC-11-eq000\u2013Results from one dataset show how sensitive a product can be to the system model. They are not a general rule for every product.\nFAQecoinvent system models: frequently asked questionsWhat are the ecoinvent system models?ecoinvent publishes its database in four system models: Allocation, cut-off by classification; Allocation, cut-off, EN15804; Allocation at the point of substitution (APOS); and Substitution, consequential, long-term. Each applies different rules for allocation, recycling and supply, so the same dataset gives different results in each.Which ecoinvent system model should I use?Start with the rule that governs your study. EN 15804 EPDs use Allocation, cut-off, EN15804; product carbon footprints under PACT, TfS or Catena-X use the cut-off approach. Where no rule applies, attributional questions call for cut-off or APOS, and questions about the effect of a change call for the consequential model.Is cut-off the default ecoinvent system model?ecoinvent recommends cut-off for users new to the database because it is easier to understand, and for users who want continuity with earlier work. That is advice about learning the database, not a statement that cut-off suits every study. The choice of system model is the user&#039;s responsibility.Can different ecoinvent system models change LCA results?Yes, sometimes dramatically. For the dataset market for magnesium, for reuse in titanium sponge production, the consequential model gives a climate change result 2.3 times the cut-off result and a human toxicity result 30.7 times higher, while APOS gives a lower climate change result but a higher toxicity result.Which ecoinvent system model is used for EPDs?Allocation, cut-off, EN15804. It follows cut-off logic with the cut-off point set at the end-of-waste state, and it includes the inventory indicators that EN 15804+A2 EPDs report.Can I compare LCA results calculated with different system models?No. Results from different system models rest on different rules for allocation and recycling, so a difference between them may reflect the model rather than the product. Comparisons are only valid when every result uses the same system model.\n\n          Next step\n          Not sure your system model fits your study?\n          Send us your goal and scope, the rule your study follows and the system model you used. DEISO checks the choice, runs three-model screening where results are sensitive, and tells you whether your conclusions hold. For existing studies, an LCA critical review covers the system model and much more; for a quick answer, book an advisory hour.\n            Get your system model choice reviewed \u2192\n            Explore DEISO LCA services \u2192\n     Download the checklist (PDF) \u2192\n          Questions? Email info@dei.so\" data-s=\"ecoinvent System Models Explained: Why Your LCA Results Change\" data-d=\"1791016828\" data-m=\"1791346142\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/ecoinvent-system-models\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-ecoinvent-system-models-1200x630-1-768x403.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Deiso ecoinvent system models\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-ecoinvent-system-models-1200x630-1-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-ecoinvent-system-models-1200x630-1-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-ecoinvent-system-models-1200x630-1-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-ecoinvent-system-models-1200x630-1-18x9.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-ecoinvent-system-models-1200x630-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">3 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/ecoinvent-system-models\">ecoinvent System Models Explained: Why Your LCA Results Change<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">LCA method \u00b7 ecoinvent ecoinvent system models: why the same process gives different results Calculated in cut-off, APOS and consequential, one dataset\u2019s results moved by up to 34\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/ecoinvent-system-models\" aria-label=\"Read the article: ecoinvent System Models Explained: Why Your LCA Results Change\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"How to Calculate Scope 3 Emissions in Excel + Free Calculator Tutorials How-to guide \u00b7 Scope 3\n          How to calculate Scope 3 emissions in Excel\n          A step-by-step guide with formulas for all 15 categories, emission factors, GWP conversion and quality checks \u2014 with a free Excel calculator and PDF\n            Download the Excel calculator \u2192\n            Download the PDF guide \u2192\n          11 steps \u00b7 worked example included \u00b7 Start the guide\n\nScope 3 emissions are the indirect greenhouse gas emissions in your value chain \u2014 from the materials you buy to the use and disposal of what you sell. For most companies they are the largest part of the footprint, and you can calculate them in Excel with one equation applied consistently.\nThis guide walks through the full method, step by step: the core formula, the 15 categories, the four calculation methods, emission factors, unit conversion, CO\u2082e conversion, the Excel model, quality checks and reporting. Every formula is shown, and a worked example runs from raw data to a final total.\nWhat you will have at the endA clear formula for every Scope 3 categoryAn Excel model that calculates emissions automatically from activity dataQuality checks that catch missing factors and unit mismatchesA worked example you can reproduce with the free DEISO calculator\n1Step 1Understand the core equationEvery Scope 3 calculation follows the same structure: an amount of activity multiplied by an emission factor for that activity.\nE = AD \u00d7 EF\nE \u2014 emissions, in kg CO\u2082eAD \u2014 activity data: the amount of activity, such as kg purchased, tonne-km shipped or kWh usedEF \u2014 emission factor: the emissions per unit of activity, such as kg CO\u2082e per kg\nApplied to each activity i and summed, it gives your total Scope 3 emissions:\nEi = ADi \u00d7 EFiEScope 3 = \u03a3i (ADi \u00d7 EFi)\nWhen your emission factors are given per gas rather than in CO\u2082e, calculate each gas separately and convert with its global warming potential (Step 8):\nEi,g = ADi \u00d7 EFi,g \u00a0\u00a0\u2192\u00a0\u00a0 ECO\u2082e = \u03a3g (Eg \u00d7 GWPg)\n2Step 2Screen the 15 Scope 3 categoriesThe GHG Protocol Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Standard divides value-chain emissions into 15 categories. Start by screening all 15 to find the ones that matter most for your company, then focus data collection there.\nUpstreamDownstream1. Purchased goods and services9. Downstream transportation and distribution2. Capital goods10. Processing of sold products3. Fuel- and energy-related activities11. Use of sold products4. Upstream transportation and distribution12. End-of-life treatment of sold products5. Waste generated in operations13. Downstream leased assets6. Business travel14. Franchises7. Employee commuting15. Investments8. Upstream leased assets\nReport every relevant category, and document the reason for any category you exclude. The inventory should cover all seven Kyoto gases: CO\u2082, CH\u2084, N\u2082O, HFCs, PFCs, SF\u2086 and NF\u2083.\n3Step 3Choose a calculation methodFour methods are used in practice. They share the same equation; what differs is the quality of the data behind each factor.\nMethodFormulaWhen to useSupplier-specificE = \u03a3 Qj \u00d7 EFsupplier,jSuppliers provide product-level emissions dataHybridE = \u03a3 ADi \u00d7 EFi, mixing supplier and secondary dataThe usual approach for material categoriesAverage-dataE = \u03a3 ADi \u00d7 EFaverage,iPhysical quantities are known, supplier data is notSpend-basedE = \u03a3 Spendi \u00d7 EFEEIO,iScreening, or when only spend data exists\nSpend-based factors come from environmentally extended input\u2013output (EEIO) models and are expressed per unit of currency (kg CO\u2082e per USD, for example). Use them for screening and fill gaps with physical data as it becomes available.\n4Step 4Collect activity dataActivity data is the backbone of the inventory. Record one row per activity, with the quantity, its unit and the emission factor it links to.\nCategoryActivityQuantityUnitRegionEF_ID1 Purchased goodsSteel procurement10,000kgGlobalEF_STEEL_011 Purchased goodsPlastic procurement2,500kgGlobalEF_PLASTIC_014 Upstream transportRoad freight20,000tonne-kmEUEF_TRUCK_EU6 Business travelLong-haul air travel15,000passenger-kmGlobalEF_AIR_LONG7 Employee commutingCar commuting120,000passenger-kmJapanEF_CAR_JP5 WasteLandfill waste350tonneJapanEF_LANDFILL_JP3 Fuel upstreamNatural gas upstream50,000kWhJapanEF_NG_UPSTREAM11 Use of sold productsAppliance electricity use400,000kWhUSEF_GRID_US\nTypical sources are purchase orders and invoices, ERP exports, carrier reports, travel booking data, employee surveys, waste manifests and supplier questionnaires. Record the source and a data quality rating (primary, secondary or estimated) for every row.\n5Step 5Select emission factorsMatch each activity to an emission factor with the same unit, geography and system boundary. Follow this order for every row:\nIdentify the activity data type and its unitFind a factor with a matching unitConvert the activity unit if it does not match (Step 6)Check the factor\u2019s system boundaryApply the factor, convert gases to CO\u2082e, and aggregate\nA key boundary rule: life cycle factors for fuels already include combustion. For Category 3, use only the upstream part, or you will double-count Scope 1:\nEFupstream = EFlife cycle \u2212 EFcombustion\nCommon factor sources include government sets (UK DESNZ conversion factors, US EPA Emission Factors Hub, Japan\u2019s national factors), international bodies (IPCC, IEA, ICAO, IMO, the GLEC Framework for freight), life cycle databases (ecoinvent, LCA for Experts (GaBi), IDEA for Japan) and EEIO models (USEEIO, EXIOBASE).\n6Step 6Convert unitsThe activity unit must match the factor\u2019s denominator. Convert before multiplying.\nFromToConversionkgtonnetonne = kg \u00d7 0.001tonne and kmtonne-kmtonne-km = tonne \u00d7 kmMWhkWhkWh = MWh \u00d7 1,000one-way kmround-trip kmround trip = one-way \u00d7 2\nFreight is the most common conversion. A 25-tonne shipment over 800 km is:\nTonne-km = 25 \u00d7 800 = 20,000 tonne-km\n7Step 7Calculate each categoryEach category applies the core equation to its own activity data. Use this formula library:\nCategoryFormula1 Purchased goods and servicesE = \u03a3 Massi \u00d7 EFmaterial,i \u00a0or\u00a0 \u03a3 Spendi \u00d7 EFsector,i2 Capital goodsE = \u03a3 Quantityi \u00d7 EFproduct,i3 Fuel- and energy-relatedE = \u03a3 Fuelf \u00d7 EFupstream,f \u00a0+\u00a0 Electricity \u00d7 EFlife cycle \u00d7 Loss rate4 Upstream transportationE = \u03a3 Massi \u00d7 Distancei \u00d7 EFtransport,i \u00a0or\u00a0 \u03a3 Fuelf \u00d7 EFf5 Waste in operationsE = \u03a3 Wastei \u00d7 EFtreatment,i6 Business travelE = \u03a3 Distancei \u00d7 EFmode,i \u00a0+\u00a0 Nights \u00d7 EFhotel7 Employee commutingDistanceannual = Employees \u00d7 One-way km \u00d7 2 \u00d7 Working days; E = \u03a3 Distancemode \u00d7 EFmode8 Upstream leased assetsE = \u03a3 Fuelf \u00d7 EFf \u00a0+\u00a0 Electricity \u00d7 EFgrid9 Downstream transportationE = \u03a3 Massi \u00d7 Distancei \u00d7 EFtransport,i10 Processing of sold productsE = \u03a3 Fuelf \u00d7 EFf \u00a0+\u00a0 \u03a3 Process emissionp \u00d7 GWPp11 Use of sold productsE = Units sold \u00d7 Annual energy \u00d7 Lifetime \u00d7 EFenergy12 End-of-life treatmentE = \u03a3m \u03a3t Massm \u00d7 Sharet \u00d7 EFm,t13 Downstream leased assetsE = Fuel \u00d7 EFfuel \u00a0+\u00a0 Electricity \u00d7 EFgrid14 FranchisesE = \u03a3 (EScope 1,i + EScope 2,i)15 InvestmentsE = \u03a3 (EScope 1+2, investee \u00d7 Share of investment)\n8Step 8Convert gases to CO\u2082eWhen you have emissions per gas, multiply each by its 100-year global warming potential (GWP) and add them up:\nCO\u2082e = mCO\u2082 + mCH\u2084 \u00d7 GWPCH\u2084 + mN\u2082O \u00d7 GWPN\u2082O\nGasGWP100 (IPCC AR6)CO\u20821CH\u2084 (fossil)29.8CH\u2084 (non-fossil)27.0N\u2082O273HFC-134a1,530HFC-2314,600CF\u2084 (PFC-14)7,380SF\u208625,200NF\u208317,400\nExample: 10 kg of fossil methane is 10 \u00d7 29.8 = 298 kg CO\u2082e. Use one GWP set consistently across the whole inventory, and state which one you used.\n9Step 9Build the Excel modelA clean model separates inputs, factors and calculations, so every number can be traced. The free DEISO calculator uses this structure:\nActivity_Data \u2014 the only sheet you type in: one row per activityEF_Library \u2014 the controlled list of emission factors, with source and boundaryGWP_Table \u2014 global warming potentials for gas-specific factorsUnit_Conversion \u2014 conversions and small calculators for tonne-km and commutingCalc \u2014 formulas only: pulls each factor and calculates emissionsQA_Checks \u2014 automatic checks for missing data and mismatchesSummary \u2014 totals by category, shares and a chartSource_Log and Assumptions \u2014 the audit trail for every factor and assumption\nThe key formula looks up the factor for each row and multiplies it by the quantity. In Excel 365:\n=Quantity * XLOOKUP(EF_ID, EF_Library!A:A, EF_Library!I:I)\nFor compatibility with every Excel version, the calculator uses INDEX and MATCH:\n=Quantity * INDEX(EF_Library!I:I, MATCH(EF_ID, EF_Library!A:A, 0))\nWhen a factor is given per gas instead of in CO\u2082e, the calculator switches automatically to the gas route: CO\u2082 + CH\u2084 \u00d7 GWP + N\u2082O \u00d7 GWP.\n10Step 10Run quality checksBefore you report, check the inventory for the errors that most often distort Scope 3 results:\nCheckWhat it catchesMissing EF_IDActivities with no factor assignedFactor not foundAn EF_ID that does not exist in the libraryUnit mismatchActivity units that differ from the factor unitZero resultA quantity above zero that produced zero emissionsDuplicate Record_IDThe same activity counted twiceMissing geographyRows where the factor region cannot be checked\nIn Excel, a missing-factor check is as simple as =COUNTIF(Activity_Data!K:K,&quot;&quot;) for the rows you have filled. All checks should pass before the numbers leave the workbook.\n11Step 11Aggregate and reportSum the row results by category, and report each category\u2019s share of the total. The example data from Step 4 gives:\nCategoryActivityCalculationEmissions (kg CO\u2082e)1Steel procurement10,000 \u00d7 1.9019,0001Plastic procurement2,500 \u00d7 2.706,7503Natural gas upstream50,000 \u00d7 0.021,0004Road freight20,000 \u00d7 0.102,0005Landfill waste350 \u00d7 450157,5006Long-haul air travel15,000 \u00d7 0.152,2507Car commuting120,000 \u00d7 0.1922,80011Appliance electricity use400,000 \u00d7 0.38152,000Total Scope 3363,300 (363.3 t CO\u2082e)\nIllustrative valuesThe emission factors in this example are training values chosen to show the method. Replace them with factors from a recognised source before you report any result.\nAvoid theseCommon Scope 3 mistakesDouble-counting fuel \u2014 using a full life cycle factor in Category 3 instead of the upstream part onlyUnit mismatches \u2014 multiplying tonnes by a factor per kg, or kilometres by a factor per tonne-kmMixed GWP sets \u2014 combining AR5 and AR6 values in one inventorySpend-based only \u2014 never moving the largest categories to physical or supplier dataNo audit trail \u2014 factors without a recorded source, year and boundary\nFree downloadsScope 3 Excel calculator and PDF guideReproduce the worked example with the free DEISO Scope 3 calculator: activity data, emission factor library, automatic CO\u2082e calculation, quality checks and a category summary. A printable PDF version of this guide is also available.Download the Excel calculator \u2192Download the PDF guide \u2192\nFAQScope 3 calculation: frequently asked questionsWhat is the formula for calculating Scope 3 emissions?Scope 3 emissions are calculated as activity data multiplied by an emission factor, E = AD \u00d7 EF, for each activity, and then summed across all activities and categories.How many Scope 3 categories are there?The GHG Protocol Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Standard defines 15 categories: 8 upstream and 7 downstream.Do I have to report all 15 Scope 3 categories?You should report every relevant category and document the reason for excluding any category that is not relevant or not material.Which Scope 3 calculation method should I use?Use supplier-specific or hybrid methods for the categories that matter most, average-data methods where you know physical quantities, and spend-based methods for screening or where only spend data exists.Can I calculate Scope 3 emissions in Excel?Yes. A well-structured Excel model with an activity data sheet, an emission factor library, a calculation sheet and quality checks is enough for a complete, auditable Scope 3 inventory.Which GWP values should I use?Use one set consistently. Current practice is the 100-year global warming potentials from the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6), for example 29.8 for fossil methane and 273 for nitrous oxide.\nNext stepNeed a Scope 3 inventory built for you?DEISO builds GHG Protocol and ISO 14064-1 inventories, including Scope 3 screening across all 15 categories and Scope 3-only inventories.\nSee GHG accounting plans \u2192Book an advisory hour \u2192\n\n          DEISO training\n          Learn Scope 3 and product carbon footprints hands-on\n          Go beyond the template. The DEISO Scope 3 emissions and product carbon footprint (PCF) training teaches practical value-chain accounting and PCF analysis on the GHG Protocol framework \u2014 instructor-led, for sustainability professionals, engineers and consultants, starting when you are ready.\n          Prefer to try it first? Download the free calculator and PDF guide.\n            Explore the Scope 3 and PCF training \u2192\n            Download the Excel calculator \u2192\n            Download the PDF guide \u2192\n          Questions? Email info@dei.so\" data-s=\"How to Calculate Scope 3 Emissions in Excel + Free Calculator\" data-d=\"1791012816\" data-m=\"1791349318\" data-cat=\"1737\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions-excel\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions-excel-1200x630-1-768x403.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Deiso how to calculate scope 3 emissions excel\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions-excel-1200x630-1-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions-excel-1200x630-1-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions-excel-1200x630-1-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions-excel-1200x630-1-18x9.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions-excel-1200x630-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Tutorials<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Tutorials<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">3 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions-excel\">How to Calculate Scope 3 Emissions in Excel + Free Calculator<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">How-to guide \u00b7 Scope 3 How to calculate Scope 3 emissions in Excel A step-by-step guide with formulas for all 15 categories, emission factors, GWP conversion and quality\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions-excel\" aria-label=\"Read the article: How to Calculate Scope 3 Emissions in Excel + Free Calculator\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Life cycle costing case study: 7 plastic recycling options Tutorials Case study \u00b7 Life cycle costing\nMechanical recycling of polyethylene offers the best balance of cost and carbon\nA worked life cycle costing analysis of seven plastic recycling technologies, with cost-benefit, sensitivity and Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis.\nThermal, mechanical and chemical recycling routes for PP, PE and PVC are compared on life cycle cost, net benefit and global warming potential, then combined in one weighted decision score. Every figure is traceable and can be reworked in the free Excel calculator.\nThe answer in four numbers\nUSD 30.0 millionNet benefit of mechanical PE recycling, benefit-cost ratio 1.25\n0.124 kg CO\u2082-eqGlobal warming potential per kg of plastic waste treated\n99.7%Probability of a net gain across 10,000 Monte Carlo runs\nRanked 1stUnder all three economic and environmental weightings tested\nDownload the Excel calculator\nDownload the PDF case study\nFree downloads by DEISO LLC \u00b7 Excel workbook with live formulas and a 1,000-run Monte Carlo \u00b7 14-page PDF\n\nLearning resource\nWhat this case study teaches\nPurpose: to show, step by step and with every number traceable, how a life cycle costing analysis turns cost, revenue and carbon data into one defensible technology decision, and how to test whether that decision survives uncertainty.\nLearning objectives\n\nCalculate \u2014 life cycle cost, net benefit, benefit-cost ratio and present value from stage-level data.\nReconcile \u2014 source data that does not add up, and document every correction.\nCombine \u2014 economic and environmental results with min-max normalisation and a weighted score.\nTest \u2014 the decision with one-at-a-time sensitivity, break-even points and a 10,000-run Monte Carlo simulation.\nJudge \u2014 whether a recommendation is defensible or an artefact of the chosen weights.\n\nBuilt forEngineers, cost analysts, procurement teams, sustainability professionals and students of life cycle costing.\nLevel and timeIntermediate. About 45 minutes to read; 90 minutes to rework with the Excel calculator.\n\n1 \u00b7 Problem and data\nSeven recycling options for three plastics\nA company is choosing a recycling route for three plastic waste streams: polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It has costed thermal recycling and mechanical (material) recycling for each plastic, and chemical recycling by pyrolysis as a general route for mixed plastics \u2014 seven options in total.\nFor each option it holds a cost breakdown across six life cycle stages, a total revenue, and a life cycle assessment (LCA) result for global warming potential (GWP). The question is which option offers the best balance of economic and environmental performance, and how confident that answer can be.\nTechnologyExtractionTransportPre-processingProductionDistributionEnd of lifeRevenueGWPThermal recycling (PP)1.92.53.54080.8851.02Thermal recycling (PE)1023.525140.81101.24Thermal recycling (PVC)52.51.515815.8401.14Mechanical recycling (PP)77016904104.52501.75Mechanical recycling (PE)562.5162844.51500.124Mechanical recycling (PVC)912016.5504201850.114Chemical recycling (pyrolysis)1.99.816551022900.175\nCosts and revenues in million USD, life cycle totals. GWP in kg CO\u2082-eq per kg of plastic waste treated. Illustrative teaching dataset: it describes no real company, plant or client.\nData reconciliation\nThe source gave a stated total cost for each option and, separately, a stage breakdown. The stated totals are treated as authoritative. Three stage values are reconciled: Thermal PVC end of life from 10 to 15.8 and Mechanical PVC pre-processing from 0.05 to 16.5, both clear transcription errors; and Mechanical PP end of life from 104 to 104.5, an allocation choice because the source does not show which stage carried the USD 0.5 million difference. Thermal PP needed no change: its stages sum to the stated 56.7; the source mis-added them as 57.7.\nThe source gave no functional unit, so GWP is read as per kg of plastic waste treated. The Mechanical PP GWP of 1.75 is kept as given, although it is probably a transcription error for 0.102. Changing it does not change the recommendation.\n\n2 \u00b7 Method\nMethod and formulas\nEvery result in this case study comes from the formulas below. The free Excel calculator implements the same formulas, so each figure can be traced and reworked.\nLCC = Cext + Ctrans + Cpre + Cprod + Cdist + CEoLLife cycle cost: the sum of stage costs from extraction to end of life.NB = R \u2212 LCC \u00a0\u00a0\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0 BCR = R \/ LCCNet benefit and benefit-cost ratio. A ratio above 1 means revenue exceeds life cycle cost.PV(NB) = (NB \/ n) \u00d7 [1 \u2212 (1 + r)\u2212n] \/ rPresent value with totals spread evenly over n = 10 years at r = 8%. The annuity factor is 6.710, so PV(NB) = 0.671 \u00d7 NB for every option.E = (NB \u2212 NBmin) \/ (NBmax \u2212 NBmin)Economic index: min-max normalisation of net benefit to a 0 to 1 scale.V = (GWPmax \u2212 GWP) \/ (GWPmax \u2212 GWPmin)Environmental index: GWP normalised and inverted, so lower emissions score higher.Score = 1 + 4 \u00d7 [w \u00d7 E + (1 \u2212 w) \u00d7 V]Weighted score on a 1 to 5 scale, where w is the economic weight. Tested at w = 0.7, 0.5 and 0.3.\u0394NB = \u2212Ci \u00d7 s \u00a0\u00b7\u00a0 \u0394NB = R \u00d7 s \u00a0\u00b7\u00a0 \u03b5 = (\u0394NB \/ NB) \/ sOne-at-a-time sensitivity for a cost or the revenue with step s = 20%, and the elasticity of net benefit to each driver.Xrun = Xbase \u00d7 (1 + u \u00d7 U[\u22121, 1])Monte Carlo: each stage cost and the revenue drawn uniformly within range u, 10,000 times. Extraction, pre-processing and production \u00b110%; transportation and distribution \u00b115%; end of life \u00b120%; revenue \u00b115%.\n\n3 \u00b7 Economic results\nLife cycle cost and cost-benefit results\nMechanical routes carry far higher life cycle costs than thermal routes, driven by transportation and end of life. Mechanical PP is the most expensive option at USD 291.5 million; Thermal PVC the cheapest at USD 47.8 million.\nFigure 1 \u00b7 Life cycle cost by stage (million USD)\nExtractionTransportationPre-processingProductionDistributionEnd of lifeThermal PP56.7Thermal PE55.3Thermal PVC47.8Mechanical PP291.5Mechanical PE120.0Mechanical PVC219.5Pyrolysis114.7\nEach bar is the sum of six stage costs. Scale 0 to 300 million USD.\nTechnologyLife cycle costRevenueNet benefitBenefit-cost ratioPV of net benefitLargest cost driverThermal recycling (PP)56.785+28.31.50+19.0Production (71%)Thermal recycling (PE)55.3110+54.71.99+36.7Production (45%)Thermal recycling (PVC)47.840\u22127.80.84\u22125.2End of life (33%)Mechanical recycling (PP)291.5250\u221241.50.86\u221227.8End of life (36%)Mechanical recycling (PE)120.0150+30.01.25+20.1Transportation (52%)Mechanical recycling (PVC)219.5185\u221234.50.84\u221223.1Transportation (55%)Chemical recycling (pyrolysis)114.790\u221224.70.78\u221216.6Production (48%)\nMillion USD. PV at 8% over 10 years with even spreading. Highlighted row: recommended option.\nFigure 2 \u00b7 Net benefit = revenue \u2212 life cycle cost (million USD)\nThermal PP+28.3Thermal PE+54.7Thermal PVC\u22127.8Mechanical PP\u221241.5Mechanical PE+30.0Mechanical PVC\u221234.5Pyrolysis\u221224.7Three options return a net gain; four return a net loss. Scale \u221260 to +72 million USD.\nThree options return a net gain: Thermal PE (USD 54.7 million), Mechanical PE (USD 30.0 million) and Thermal PP (USD 28.3 million). The other four lose money, from Thermal PVC (\u22127.8) to Mechanical PP (\u221241.5). On economics alone, Thermal PE leads with a benefit-cost ratio of 1.99.\nDiscounting does not change this ranking. With costs and revenues spread evenly, every option is multiplied by the same annuity factor. Discounting would matter only if spending were front-loaded.\n\n4 \u00b7 Environmental results\nGlobal warming potential\nMechanical PVC (0.114), Mechanical PE (0.124) and pyrolysis (0.175) have a GWP roughly one tenth of the thermal routes (1.02 to 1.24). Mechanical PP is the outlier at 1.75, the highest of all, although that value is probably a transcription error.\nFigure 3 \u00b7 GWP (kg CO\u2082-eq per kg treated)\nThermal PP1.020Thermal PE1.240Thermal PVC1.140Mechanical PP1.750Mechanical PE0.124Mechanical PVC0.114Pyrolysis0.175Sage bars: GWP below 0.2. Scale 0 to 2.0.\nPlotting both results together shows the decision directly. Mechanical PE is the only option in the shaded quadrant: profitable and low-carbon. The thermal routes for PE and PP are profitable but carbon-intensive; Mechanical PVC and pyrolysis are low-carbon but lose money.\nFigure 4 \u00b7 Economic against environmental performance\n\n\n00.511.5-40-200+20+40+60\n\n\nGain and low GWP\nThermal PPThermal PEThermal PVCMechanical PPMechanical PEMechanical PVCPyrolysis\nGWP, kg CO\u2082-eq per kg (lower is better)\nNet benefit, million USD\nSwipe sideways to see the full chart.Bubble size is life cycle cost. Shaded area: net gain with GWP below 0.6.\nBuild the capability\nLearn to run this analysis on your own projects\nEvery step in this case study, from stage costing to Monte Carlo simulation, is taught in depth in the DEISO LCCA training.\nTraining programme\nLife cycle costing analysis (LCCA) professional training\nAdvanced training programmes aligned with ISO 15686-5, IEC 60300-3-3 and ASTM E917, built for engineers, cost analysts, and procurement teams developing practical life cycle costing capability.\nProgression path\nZero knowledge\nProfessional\nExpert\nExpert+\nExplore the LCCA training \u2192\nRequest a quotation \u2192\n\n5 \u00b7 Uncertainty\nMonte Carlo uncertainty analysis\nSingle-point results hide risk. A 10,000-run Monte Carlo simulation varied every stage cost and the revenue together within their ranges, to show how likely each outcome is.\nFigure 5 \u00b7 Net benefit range, P5 to P95, with P50 marker (million USD)\nP(gain)Thermal PP100%Thermal PE100%Thermal PVC2.0%Mechanical PP5.4%Mechanical PE99.7%Mechanical PVC3.2%Pyrolysis0.0%\nTeal: P5 above zero. Amber: range crosses zero. Grey: P95 below zero. Scale \u221295 to +90 million USD.\nTechnologyP5P50P95Probability of net gainThermal recycling (PP)+16.0+28.3+40.5100.0%Thermal recycling (PE)+39.6+54.7+69.9100.0%Thermal recycling (PVC)\u221214.5\u22127.9\u22121.22.0%Mechanical recycling (PP)\u221284.0\u221241.8+0.85.4%Mechanical recycling (PE)+6.9+29.8+52.999.7%Mechanical recycling (PVC)\u221266.7\u221234.7\u22123.13.2%Chemical recycling (pyrolysis)\u221238.9\u221224.7\u221210.30.0%\nMillion USD. 10,000 runs, uniform distributions within the stated ranges.\nThe three profitable options stay profitable in almost every run: Thermal PE and Thermal PP in 100%, Mechanical PE in 99.7%. No loss-making option exceeds a 5.4% chance of turning a gain. The ranking is stable under the stated uncertainty.\n\n6 \u00b7 Sensitivity\nSensitivity analysis and break-even points\nOne-at-a-time sensitivity changes each driver by 20% while holding the others fixed, to find which input moves the result most.\nFigure 6 \u00b7 Tornado chart for Mechanical PE (million USD)\nFavourable changeUnfavourable changeRevenue\u00b130.0Transportation\u00b112.5Production\u00b15.6Pre-processing\u00b13.2Extraction\u00b11.0End of life\u00b10.9Distribution\u00b10.8Change in net benefit for a \u00b120% change in each driver. Scale \u00b136 million USD.\nTechnologyMost critical driverNet benefit swing at \u00b120%Revenue fall to break evenCost rise to break evenThermal recycling (PP)Revenue\u00b117.033.3%49.9%Thermal recycling (PE)Revenue\u00b122.049.7%98.9%Thermal recycling (PVC)Revenue\u00b18.0Already a net lossAlready a net lossMechanical recycling (PP)Revenue\u00b150.0Already a net lossAlready a net lossMechanical recycling (PE)Revenue\u00b130.020.0%25.0%Mechanical recycling (PVC)Revenue\u00b137.0Already a net lossAlready a net lossChemical recycling (pyrolysis)Revenue\u00b118.0Already a net lossAlready a net loss\nMillion USD. Break-even: the revenue fall or life cycle cost rise that brings net benefit to zero.\nRevenue is the most critical driver for every option. For Mechanical PE, a 20% fall in revenue removes the whole USD 30.0 million net benefit (elasticity 5.0), and a 25% rise in life cycle cost does the same. Transportation, at 52% of its life cycle cost, is the cost to watch.\nWhat this means for the decisionMechanical PE is the right choice, but a thinner one than Thermal PE financially. Thermal PE can absorb a 49.7% revenue fall before breaking even; Mechanical PE can absorb 20%. Secure offtake prices for recycled PE and optimise collection logistics before committing.\n\n7 \u00b7 Integrated score\nWeighted economic-environmental score\nThe economic and environmental indices are combined on a 1 to 5 scale under three weightings, from economics-led (70\/30) to environment-led (30\/70).\nFigure 7 \u00b7 Score under three weightings (1 to 5)\nEconomic\/environmental 70\/30Economic\/environmental 50\/50Economic\/environmental 30\/70Thermal PP3.34Thermal PE3.62Thermal PVC2.45Mechanical PP1.00Mechanical PE4.47Mechanical PVC3.15Pyrolysis3.27Value shown: score at 50\/50. Scale 0 to 5.\nTechnologyEconomic index EEnvironmental index VScore 70\/30 (rank)Score 50\/50 (rank)Score 30\/70 (rank)Thermal recycling (PP)0.7260.4463.57 (3)3.34 (3)3.12 (4)Thermal recycling (PE)1.0000.3124.17 (2)3.62 (2)3.07 (5)Thermal recycling (PVC)0.3500.3732.43 (5)2.45 (6)2.46 (6)Mechanical recycling (PP)0.0000.0001.00 (7)1.00 (7)1.00 (7)Mechanical recycling (PE)0.7430.9944.27 (1)4.47 (1)4.67 (1)Mechanical recycling (PVC)0.0731.0002.40 (6)3.15 (5)3.89 (3)Chemical recycling (pyrolysis)0.1750.9632.64 (4)3.27 (4)3.91 (2)\nMechanical PE ranks first under every weighting, from 4.27 when economics carries 70% to 4.67 when the environment carries 70%. Thermal PE ranks second only when economics dominates, and falls to fifth when the environment does. Testing several weightings, rather than fixing one, is what shows the recommendation is defensible and not an artefact of the weights.\n8 \u00b7 Conclusion\nConclusion and limitations\nRecommendation: adopt mechanical recycling for polyethylene. It returns USD 30.0 million of net benefit at a GWP of 0.124 kg CO\u2082-eq per kg, ranks first under every weighting, and stays profitable in 99.7% of simulated outcomes.\n\nIf carbon carries no weight \u2014 Thermal PE earns more (USD 54.7 million) but emits ten times more CO\u2082-eq per kg.\nProtect the margin \u2014 revenue and transportation drive the Mechanical PE result; lock in offtake prices and optimise logistics.\nAvoid \u2014 Mechanical PP and PVC, Thermal PVC and pyrolysis lose money under almost every simulated outcome.\n\nLimitations\n\nIllustrative teaching dataset with a stated functional unit assumption; three stage values reconciled.\nNo time profile, so present value assumes even spreading; capital timing could change the picture.\nOnly GWP is assessed; other impact categories and GWP uncertainty are not modelled.\nUniform distributions with assumed ranges; correlated inputs would widen the Monte Carlo spread.\n\n\n9 \u00b7 Questions\nFrequently asked questions\nWhat is life cycle costing (LCC)?Life cycle costing adds up every cost an option incurs across its whole life, from extraction and transport through processing, distribution and end of life, so options are compared on total cost rather than purchase or operating cost alone.How is LCC different from life cycle assessment (LCA)?LCC measures money; LCA measures environmental impact, such as global warming potential in kg CO\u2082-eq. This case study uses both and combines them in a weighted score.Which recycling technology performs best in this case study?Mechanical recycling of polyethylene (PE). It returns a net benefit of USD 30.0 million with a GWP of 0.124 kg CO\u2082-eq per kg, ranks first under all three weightings tested, and stays profitable in 99.7% of 10,000 Monte Carlo runs.Why not thermal recycling of PE, which earns more?Thermal PE has the highest net benefit (USD 54.7 million) but a GWP ten times higher (1.24 kg CO\u2082-eq per kg). It ranks second when economics carries 70% of the weight and falls to fifth when the environment does.What is the difference between sensitivity and uncertainty analysis?Sensitivity analysis changes one input at a time to find which driver moves the result most. Uncertainty analysis varies all inputs together, here by Monte Carlo simulation, to show how likely each outcome is.Why does discounting not change the ranking?The case gives life cycle totals without a time profile, so costs and revenues are spread evenly over ten years. Under that assumption discounting multiplies every option by the same factor. Discounting changes rankings when spending is front-loaded, such as heavy capital cost in year one.Can I run this analysis on my own data?Yes. The free DEISO LLC Excel calculator reproduces every calculation in this case study, including a live 1,000-run Monte Carlo simulation, and accepts your own costs, revenues and GWP values.Where can I learn life cycle costing analysis in depth?The DEISO Life cycle costing analysis (LCCA) professional training covers the full method, aligned with ISO 15686-5, IEC 60300-3-3 and ASTM E917, with a progression path from zero knowledge to Expert+.\n\nNext step\nTake the method further\nRework every number in this case study with the free Excel calculator, keep the PDF for reference, or build the full capability through structured training.\nTraining programme\nLife cycle costing analysis (LCCA) professional training\nAdvanced training programmes aligned with ISO 15686-5, IEC 60300-3-3 and ASTM E917, built for engineers, cost analysts, and procurement teams developing practical life cycle costing capability.\nProgression path\nZero knowledge\nProfessional\nExpert\nExpert+\nExplore the LCCA training \u2192\nDownload the Excel calculator\nDownload the PDF case study\n\u00a9 2026 DEISO LLC \u00b7 Tokyo, Japan. Illustrative teaching dataset; a learning resource, not an investment recommendation.\" data-s=\"Life cycle costing case study: 7 plastic recycling options\" data-d=\"1791002899\" data-m=\"1791349787\" data-cat=\"1737\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-costing-plastic-recycling-case-study\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/DEISO_LCC_Case_Study_featured-768x403.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"DEISO LCC Case Study featured\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/DEISO_LCC_Case_Study_featured-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/DEISO_LCC_Case_Study_featured-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/DEISO_LCC_Case_Study_featured-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/DEISO_LCC_Case_Study_featured-18x9.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/DEISO_LCC_Case_Study_featured.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Tutorials<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Tutorials<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">3 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 13 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-costing-plastic-recycling-case-study\">Life cycle costing case study: 7 plastic recycling options<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Case study \u00b7 Life cycle costing Mechanical recycling of polyethylene offers the best balance of cost and carbon A worked life cycle costing analysis of seven plastic recycling\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-costing-plastic-recycling-case-study\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Life cycle costing case study: 7 plastic recycling options\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Open dumping and open burning of waste: LCA study DEISO Research DEISO Research\nEnvironmental impacts of open dumping, uncontrolled landfilling and open burning of municipal solid waste in developing countries\nA life cycle assessment by income level and climate zone\nAuthor: Dr. Mahdi Ikhlayel. Publisher: DEISO Research, Tokyo. Study conducted in 2016; first published in 2026. DOI: 10.13140\/RG.2.2.28789.95206\nOpen burning, open dumping and uncontrolled landfilling are still the main ways municipal solid waste is disposed of across low- and middle-income countries. This study measures what those practices do to the environment, per tonne of waste, across three income groups and two climates.\nIn short: human toxicity dominates open burning everywhere, at about 77% of the weighted impact. For open dumps and uncontrolled landfills, climate decides the profile \u2014 freshwater ecotoxicity and eutrophication lead in humid climates, human toxicity leads in arid ones.\nAt a glance\nFunctional unit1 tonne of municipal solid waste disposed of\nDisposal methodsOpen burning, open dump, uncontrolled landfill\nCases3 World Bank income groups \u00d7 arid and humid climates\nImpact methodCML 2001, five midpoint categories\nRequest a waste LCA quotation \u2192\nDownload the PDF \u2193\nHow to cite this study\n\n\nKey findings\nWhat the study found\n\nOpen burning \u2014 human toxicity is about 77% of the weighted impact in every income group and both climates, with freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity at about 21%. Per tonne, open burning gives 2,080\u20132,170 kg 1,4-DB-eq of human toxicity potential.\nOpen dumps and uncontrolled landfills, humid climate \u2014 freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity (about 60%) and eutrophication (about 30%) dominate, because heavy metals leave the site through water.\nOpen dumps and uncontrolled landfills, arid climate \u2014 human toxicity leads at about 60%, followed by freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity at about 35%; emissions go mainly to soil, with about 8% to air.\nGlobal warming \u2014 dumping one tonne gives 432\u2013520 kg CO\u2082-eq including biogenic carbon (333\u2013399 kg excluding it), more than twice the 196 kg of open burning, and it rises with income level.\nHeavy metals \u2014 lead and zinc are the largest metal emissions; lead to water is the highest in every case.\nWaste fractions \u2014 metals cause the highest impacts, plastic drives eutrophication and ecotoxicity, and glass has the lowest impact.\n\n\n\nAbstract\nAbstract\nThis life cycle assessment estimates the potential environmental impacts of disposing of municipal solid waste (MSW) in developing countries. It covers waste from three economies \u2014 low-income, lower-middle-income and upper-middle-income \u2014 in two climate zones, arid and humid, and three disposal methods: uncontrolled (unsanitary) landfilling, open dumping and open burning. Five impact categories are assessed with the CML 2001 method: acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity potential (FAETP), global warming potential (GWP) and human toxicity potential (HTP). The study gives a baseline for the environmental cost of poor waste handling, and shows how that cost changes with climate, income level and waste composition.\nKeywords: waste management; uncontrolled landfills; open dumps; open burning; environmental impacts; developing countries; life cycle assessment; heavy metals\n\n\nBackground\nWaste disposal in developing countries\nThe world generated an estimated 2.01 billion tonnes of municipal solid waste in 2016, and that figure is projected to reach 3.40 billion tonnes by 2050 (Kaza et al., 2018). Disposal practice divides sharply by income: about 93% of waste is dumped in low-income countries, against 2% in high-income countries (Kaza et al., 2018). Collection gaps, limited budgets and weak enforcement keep open dumping and open burning in place across much of Africa, Asia and Latin America (Guerrero et al., 2013; Ferronato &amp; Torretta, 2019).\nEach of these practices moves pollutants into a different part of the environment. Dumps and uncontrolled landfills release leachate to soil and water and landfill gas to air. Open burning releases trace gases, particulate matter and hazardous air pollutants that are largely missing from national emission inventories (Wiedinmyer et al., 2014). Life cycle assessment has been applied widely to solid waste management (Laurent et al., 2014), and earlier work has used uncontrolled disposal as the baseline against which better systems for developing countries are designed (Ikhlayel, 2018b). What is missing is a consistent picture of how the impacts of the disposal practices themselves shift with income level and climate.\n\n\nObjective and scope\nObjective, research questions and scope\nThe study assesses the environmental impacts of MSW disposal in developing countries across three economies and, for each, an arid and a humid climate. It looks at uncontrolled (unsanitary) landfilling, open dumping and open burning, because they are widely practised in many developing countries. The evaluation is built to show the impacts of these practices, how each contributes to environmental degradation, and which environmental issue is most pressing for a given economy and climate.\nThree research questions guide the work:\n\nDo the environmental impacts differ from one economy to another?\nDo climate conditions influence those impacts?\nHow does waste composition affect each impact category?\n\nThe study does not rank individual countries. A ranking would need accurate data on each country\u2019s whole waste management system \u2014 collection schemes, transport distances and energy, the share and composition of waste openly burned, and the size of informal recycling \u2014 and those data are either unavailable or do not exist.\n\n\nMethod\nMethod\nLife cycle assessment and system boundaries\nThe assessment follows the life cycle assessment framework of ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 (ISO, 2006a; ISO, 2006b). The following were kept outside the system boundary: waste collection from the point of generation to the disposal site or a transfer station; transport to a landfill or dump; informal recycling; other treatment such as composting and formal pilot projects; and the energy used to handle waste at disposal sites. The results therefore represent the potential emissions and impacts of the disposal step itself. Countries are grouped as low-income, lower-middle-income and upper-middle-income following the World Bank classification (World Bank, 2016).\nFunctional unit\nThe functional unit is 1 tonne of MSW disposed of by uncontrolled landfilling, open dumping or open burning in a developing country, defined by its economic level and climate.\nInventory analysis\nEmissions to air, water and soil were estimated for each disposal method, economy, climate and waste composition. Inventories for uncontrolled landfills and open dumps came from the waste-specific and climate-specific model of Doka (2016a); inventories for open burning came from the waste-specific model of Doka (2016b). Both models were run for the waste of each economy, for arid and humid conditions, and for 1 tonne of each single waste type. The climate inputs were mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation and mean actual evapotranspiration. The methane correction factor follows the IPCC guidelines (IPCC, 2006). Energy used at disposal sites was outside the scope, so no energy data were needed.\nCalculation methodAll inventory and impact calculations in this study were built and run in Microsoft Excel.\nWaste composition data came from the World Bank (Hoornweg &amp; Bhada-Tata, 2012) and cover organic, paper, plastic, metals, glass and \u201cother\u201d waste. The source does not define \u201cother\u201d waste, and many countries do not report it. In this study it was taken as rubber, textiles, wood and a hazardous e-waste portion mixed with MSW, at 25% each, based on fractions reported for developing countries (Guerrero et al., 2013; Wilson et al., 2015). E-waste in many developing countries is collected and disposed of together with MSW (Ikhlayel, 2017; Ikhlayel, 2018a).\nTable 1. Parameters used in the study.\nParameterValueSourceWaste composition, low income (organic \/ paper \/ plastic \/ glass \/ metals \/ other)64 \/ 5 \/ 8 \/ 3 \/ 3 \/ 17%Hoornweg &amp; Bhada-Tata, 2012Waste composition, lower-middle income59 \/ 9 \/ 12 \/ 3 \/ 2 \/ 15%Hoornweg &amp; Bhada-Tata, 2012Waste composition, upper-middle income54 \/ 14 \/ 11 \/ 5 \/ 3 \/ 13%Hoornweg &amp; Bhada-Tata, 2012Make-up of \u201cother waste\u201dRubber, textiles, wood and e-waste, 25% eachAssumption; see Guerrero et al., 2013, Wilson et al., 2015Climate inputs per zoneMean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, mean actual evapotranspiration for an arid and a humid zoneHijmans et al., 2005; Mu et al., 2011Methane correction factor (MCF)0.6, the default for uncategorised disposal sitesIPCC, 2006Metal fraction burned in open burning10%AssumptionLandfill height \/ open-dump height20 m \/ 10 mAssumptionLandfill operating time30 yearsAssumptionDefinitions of uncontrolled landfill, open dump and open burningAs used in the inventory modelsDoka, 2016a; Doka, 2016b; Hoornweg &amp; Bhada-Tata, 2012\nLife cycle impact assessment\nSeveral impact assessment methods exist, including ILCD, IMPACT 2002+ and ReCiPe. The CML 2001 method (Guin\u00e9e, 2002) was used at midpoint level because it is widely applied to municipal solid waste management. Five categories were evaluated: acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity potential (FAETP), global warming potential over 100 years (GWP) and human toxicity potential (HTP).\n\n\nResults\nResults and discussion\nImpact profile by disposal method\nOpen burning produces a near-identical profile in both climates and all three economies. Human toxicity is the largest share, at about 77% on average, followed by freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity at about 21%; eutrophication makes up most of the remainder.\nFor open dumps and uncontrolled landfills the profile depends on climate. In humid conditions freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity is the largest share, at about 60% on average, followed by eutrophication at about 30% and human toxicity at about 10%. In arid conditions human toxicity leads at about 60% and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity follows at about 35%. Leaving those two categories aside, eutrophication is the largest remaining impact in the humid climate and global warming in the arid one. Acidification is noticeable in the arid climate and negligible in the humid one; global warming is similar in both.\n\nHuman toxicity (HTP)Global warming (GWP)Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity (FAETP)Eutrophication (EP)Acidification (AP)\nScroll sideways to see the full chart.\nFigure 1. Share of weighted environmental impact by disposal method, income group and climateArid climate0%25%50%75%100%Low incomeLow income, arid, open burning: Human toxicity 75.5%Low income, arid, open burning: Global warming 0.5%Low income, arid, open burning: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 21.5%Low income, arid, open burning: Eutrophication 2%Low income, arid, open burning: Acidification 0.5%OpenburningLow income, arid, open dump: Human toxicity 58%Low income, arid, open dump: Global warming 2%Low income, arid, open dump: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 36.5%Low income, arid, open dump: Eutrophication 2.8%Low income, arid, open dump: Acidification 0.7%OpendumpLow income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Human toxicity 58%Low income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Global warming 2%Low income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 36.5%Low income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Eutrophication 2.8%Low income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Acidification 0.7%UncontrolledlandfillLower-middle incomeLower-middle income, arid, open burning: Human toxicity 80%Lower-middle income, arid, open burning: Global warming 0.3%Lower-middle income, arid, open burning: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 17%Lower-middle income, arid, open burning: Eutrophication 2.2%Lower-middle income, arid, open burning: Acidification 0.5%OpenburningLower-middle income, arid, open dump: Human toxicity 60%Lower-middle income, arid, open dump: Global warming 3%Lower-middle income, arid, open dump: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 33%Lower-middle income, arid, open dump: Eutrophication 3.3%Lower-middle income, arid, open dump: Acidification 0.7%OpendumpLower-middle income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Human toxicity 60%Lower-middle income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Global warming 3%Lower-middle income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 33%Lower-middle income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Eutrophication 3.3%Lower-middle income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Acidification 0.7%UncontrolledlandfillUpper-middle incomeUpper-middle income, arid, open burning: Human toxicity 76%Upper-middle income, arid, open burning: Global warming 0.5%Upper-middle income, arid, open burning: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 21%Upper-middle income, arid, open burning: Eutrophication 2%Upper-middle income, arid, open burning: Acidification 0.5%OpenburningUpper-middle income, arid, open dump: Human toxicity 59%Upper-middle income, arid, open dump: Global warming 2.7%Upper-middle income, arid, open dump: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 35.3%Upper-middle income, arid, open dump: Eutrophication 2.5%Upper-middle income, arid, open dump: Acidification 0.5%OpendumpUpper-middle income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Human toxicity 59%Upper-middle income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Global warming 2.7%Upper-middle income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 35.3%Upper-middle income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Eutrophication 2.5%Upper-middle income, arid, uncontrolled landfill: Acidification 0.5%UncontrolledlandfillHumid climate0%25%50%75%100%Low incomeLow income, humid, open burning: Human toxicity 75.5%Low income, humid, open burning: Global warming 0.5%Low income, humid, open burning: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 21.5%Low income, humid, open burning: Eutrophication 2%Low income, humid, open burning: Acidification 0.5%OpenburningLow income, humid, open dump: Human toxicity 6.5%Low income, humid, open dump: Global warming 2%Low income, humid, open dump: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 64%Low income, humid, open dump: Eutrophication 27.2%Low income, humid, open dump: Acidification 0.3%OpendumpLow income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Human toxicity 6.5%Low income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Global warming 2%Low income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 64%Low income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Eutrophication 27.2%Low income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Acidification 0.3%UncontrolledlandfillLower-middle incomeLower-middle income, humid, open burning: Human toxicity 80%Lower-middle income, humid, open burning: Global warming 0.3%Lower-middle income, humid, open burning: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 17%Lower-middle income, humid, open burning: Eutrophication 2.2%Lower-middle income, humid, open burning: Acidification 0.5%OpenburningLower-middle income, humid, open dump: Human toxicity 7.5%Lower-middle income, humid, open dump: Global warming 2.3%Lower-middle income, humid, open dump: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 54.5%Lower-middle income, humid, open dump: Eutrophication 35.3%Lower-middle income, humid, open dump: Acidification 0.4%OpendumpLower-middle income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Human toxicity 7.5%Lower-middle income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Global warming 2.3%Lower-middle income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 54.5%Lower-middle income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Eutrophication 35.3%Lower-middle income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Acidification 0.4%UncontrolledlandfillUpper-middle incomeUpper-middle income, humid, open burning: Human toxicity 76%Upper-middle income, humid, open burning: Global warming 0.5%Upper-middle income, humid, open burning: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 21%Upper-middle income, humid, open burning: Eutrophication 2%Upper-middle income, humid, open burning: Acidification 0.5%OpenburningUpper-middle income, humid, open dump: Human toxicity 8.5%Upper-middle income, humid, open dump: Global warming 2.2%Upper-middle income, humid, open dump: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 61%Upper-middle income, humid, open dump: Eutrophication 27.9%Upper-middle income, humid, open dump: Acidification 0.4%OpendumpUpper-middle income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Human toxicity 8.5%Upper-middle income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Global warming 2.2%Upper-middle income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity 61%Upper-middle income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Eutrophication 27.9%Upper-middle income, humid, uncontrolled landfill: Acidification 0.4%Uncontrolledlandfill\nFigure 1. Share of weighted environmental impacts of MSW disposal by uncontrolled landfill, open dump and open burning, for three economies in arid and humid climates. Values redrawn from the original analysis.\nShow the data for Figure 1Share of weighted impact (%), by case.ClimateIncome groupMethodHTPGWPFAETPEPAPAridLowOpen burning75.5%0.5%21.5%2%0.5%AridLowOpen dump \/ uncontrolled landfill58%2%36.5%2.8%0.7%AridLower-middleOpen burning80%0.3%17%2.2%0.5%AridLower-middleOpen dump \/ uncontrolled landfill60%3%33%3.3%0.7%AridUpper-middleOpen burning76%0.5%21%2%0.5%AridUpper-middleOpen dump \/ uncontrolled landfill59%2.7%35.3%2.5%0.5%HumidLowOpen burning75.5%0.5%21.5%2%0.5%HumidLowOpen dump \/ uncontrolled landfill6.5%2%64%27.2%0.3%HumidLower-middleOpen burning80%0.3%17%2.2%0.5%HumidLower-middleOpen dump \/ uncontrolled landfill7.5%2.3%54.5%35.3%0.4%HumidUpper-middleOpen burning76%0.5%21%2%0.5%HumidUpper-middleOpen dump \/ uncontrolled landfill8.5%2.2%61%27.9%0.4%\n\nBy economy, human toxicity from open burning changes little, from 2,080 to 2,170 kg 1,4-DB-eq per tonne in both climates. With open dumping and uncontrolled landfilling, freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity is the main concern for low-income countries in humid conditions, while human toxicity is the main contributor in arid conditions. In lower-middle-income countries with humid conditions, freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity and eutrophication are both significant, and human toxicity is the most severe impact under arid conditions. Upper-middle-income countries follow the lower-middle-income pattern in arid conditions; in humid conditions freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity and human toxicity are the most severe. Table 2 gives the characterised results per tonne.\n\nOpen burning, both climatesDump and landfill, humidDump and landfill, arid\nScroll sideways to see the full chart.\nPer-tonne global warming and human toxicity potential by disposal method, climate and income groupGlobal warming, kg CO\u2082-eq per tonne (incl. biogenic)Human toxicity, kg 1,4-DB-eq per tonneOpen burning, both climatesLowOpen burning, both climates, Low: 196196Open burning, both climates, Low: 2,1302,130Lower-middleOpen burning, both climates, Lower-middle: 196196Open burning, both climates, Lower-middle: 2,0802,080Upper-middleOpen burning, both climates, Upper-middle: 196196Open burning, both climates, Upper-middle: 2,1702,170Dump and landfill, humidLowDump and landfill, humid, Low: 432432Dump and landfill, humid, Low: 129129Lower-middleDump and landfill, humid, Lower-middle: 471471Dump and landfill, humid, Lower-middle: 126126Upper-middleDump and landfill, humid, Upper-middle: 520520Dump and landfill, humid, Upper-middle: 170170Dump and landfill, aridLowDump and landfill, arid, Low: 432432Dump and landfill, arid, Low: 916916Lower-middleDump and landfill, arid, Lower-middle: 471471Dump and landfill, arid, Lower-middle: 762762Upper-middleDump and landfill, arid, Upper-middle: 520520Dump and landfill, arid, Upper-middle: 957957\nTable 2 in chart form. Global warming and human toxicity potential per tonne of MSW, from Table 2. Dumps and uncontrolled landfills carry the larger climate burden; open burning carries by far the larger human toxicity burden.\n\nTable 2. CML 2001 characterised impacts per tonne of MSW disposed of, by disposal method, climate and economy. Open-burning results do not vary with climate, and open dumps and uncontrolled landfills give identical results in this model, so those rows are combined.\nDisposal methodClimateIncome groupAP (kg SO\u2082-eq)EP (kg PO\u2084-eq)FAETP (kg 1,4-DB-eq)GWP incl. biogenic (kg CO\u2082-eq)GWP excl. biogenic (kg CO\u2082-eq)HTP (kg 1,4-DB-eq)Open burningArid and humidLow0.4054.885731961882,130Open burningArid and humidLower-middle0.4054.564191961892,080Open burningArid and humidUpper-middle0.4054.205721961882,170Open dump and uncontrolled landfillHumidLow0.43734.21,150432333129Open dump and uncontrolled landfillHumidLower-middle0.41138.4832471363126Open dump and uncontrolled landfillHumidUpper-middle0.37837.21,150520399170Open dump and uncontrolled landfillAridLow0.8182.98557432333916Open dump and uncontrolled landfillAridLower-middle0.8402.79403471363762Open dump and uncontrolled landfillAridUpper-middle0.7632.56556520399957\nHeavy-metal emissions\nThe main heavy-metal emissions are antimony, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, chromium (VI), cobalt, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, selenium, silver, tin, titanium, vanadium and zinc. Lead and zinc are the most significant. Compared with other metals on the same emission path, lead emissions to water are the highest in every case, and higher in the arid climate than in the humid one; lead is also significant in soil and slight in air. Zinc emissions are significant to air, followed by soil. Figure 2 shows the mix of the remaining metals in each case.\n\nChromiumNickelManganeseCobaltTinTitaniumCadmiumArsenicAntimonyChromium (VI)MercurySelenium, vanadium, silver\nScroll sideways to see the full chart.\nFigure 2. Heavy-metal emission mix by case, excluding lead and zinc0%25%50%75%100%UMIC, humid, b: Chromium 68.5%UMIC, humid, b: Nickel 14.6%UMIC, humid, b: Manganese 1.3%UMIC, humid, b: Cobalt 0.8%UMIC, humid, b: Tin 5%UMIC, humid, b: Titanium 4.7%UMIC, humid, b: Cadmium 1.3%UMIC, humid, b: Arsenic 0.3%UMIC, humid, b: Antimony 2.4%UMIC, humid, b: Chromium (VI) 0.2%UMIC, humid, b: Mercury 0.2%UMIC, humid, b: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.7%UMIChumidbUMIC, humid, o: Chromium 0.2%UMIC, humid, o: Nickel 2.8%UMIC, humid, o: Manganese 45.8%UMIC, humid, o: Cobalt 27.8%UMIC, humid, o: Titanium 1.2%UMIC, humid, o: Arsenic 6.3%UMIC, humid, o: Antimony 4.7%UMIC, humid, o: Chromium (VI) 7%UMIC, humid, o: Mercury 3.2%UMIC, humid, o: Selenium, vanadium, silver 1%UMIChumidoUMIC, humid, u: Chromium 0.2%UMIC, humid, u: Nickel 2.8%UMIC, humid, u: Manganese 45.8%UMIC, humid, u: Cobalt 27.8%UMIC, humid, u: Titanium 1.2%UMIC, humid, u: Arsenic 6.3%UMIC, humid, u: Antimony 4.7%UMIC, humid, u: Chromium (VI) 7%UMIC, humid, u: Mercury 3.2%UMIC, humid, u: Selenium, vanadium, silver 1%UMIChumiduUMIC, arid, b: Chromium 68.5%UMIC, arid, b: Nickel 14.6%UMIC, arid, b: Manganese 1.3%UMIC, arid, b: Cobalt 0.8%UMIC, arid, b: Tin 5%UMIC, arid, b: Titanium 4.7%UMIC, arid, b: Cadmium 1.3%UMIC, arid, b: Arsenic 0.3%UMIC, arid, b: Antimony 2.4%UMIC, arid, b: Chromium (VI) 0.2%UMIC, arid, b: Mercury 0.2%UMIC, arid, b: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.7%UMICaridbUMIC, arid, o: Chromium 0.8%UMIC, arid, o: Nickel 50.2%UMIC, arid, o: Manganese 5.2%UMIC, arid, o: Cobalt 3%UMIC, arid, o: Tin 16.2%UMIC, arid, o: Titanium 17.6%UMIC, arid, o: Cadmium 4.6%UMIC, arid, o: Arsenic 0.8%UMIC, arid, o: Antimony 0.6%UMIC, arid, o: Chromium (VI) 0.2%UMIC, arid, o: Mercury 0.3%UMIC, arid, o: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.5%UMICaridoUMIC, arid, u: Chromium 0.8%UMIC, arid, u: Nickel 50.2%UMIC, arid, u: Manganese 5.2%UMIC, arid, u: Cobalt 3%UMIC, arid, u: Tin 16.2%UMIC, arid, u: Titanium 17.6%UMIC, arid, u: Cadmium 4.6%UMIC, arid, u: Arsenic 0.8%UMIC, arid, u: Antimony 0.6%UMIC, arid, u: Chromium (VI) 0.2%UMIC, arid, u: Mercury 0.3%UMIC, arid, u: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.5%UMICariduLMIC, arid, b: Chromium 66.5%LMIC, arid, b: Nickel 15%LMIC, arid, b: Manganese 1.7%LMIC, arid, b: Cobalt 1.4%LMIC, arid, b: Tin 5.2%LMIC, arid, b: Titanium 4.1%LMIC, arid, b: Cadmium 1.8%LMIC, arid, b: Arsenic 0.4%LMIC, arid, b: Antimony 2.8%LMIC, arid, b: Chromium (VI) 0.1%LMIC, arid, b: Mercury 0.2%LMIC, arid, b: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.8%LMICaridbLMIC, arid, o: Chromium 0.8%LMIC, arid, o: Nickel 48.9%LMIC, arid, o: Manganese 5%LMIC, arid, o: Cobalt 5%LMIC, arid, o: Tin 15.9%LMIC, arid, o: Titanium 15.3%LMIC, arid, o: Cadmium 6.3%LMIC, arid, o: Arsenic 0.9%LMIC, arid, o: Antimony 0.8%LMIC, arid, o: Chromium (VI) 0.2%LMIC, arid, o: Mercury 0.3%LMIC, arid, o: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.6%LMICaridoLMIC, arid, u: Chromium 0.8%LMIC, arid, u: Nickel 48.9%LMIC, arid, u: Manganese 5%LMIC, arid, u: Cobalt 5%LMIC, arid, u: Tin 15.9%LMIC, arid, u: Titanium 15.3%LMIC, arid, u: Cadmium 6.3%LMIC, arid, u: Arsenic 0.9%LMIC, arid, u: Antimony 0.8%LMIC, arid, u: Chromium (VI) 0.2%LMIC, arid, u: Mercury 0.3%LMIC, arid, u: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.6%LMICariduLMIC, humid, b: Chromium 66.5%LMIC, humid, b: Nickel 15%LMIC, humid, b: Manganese 1.7%LMIC, humid, b: Cobalt 1.4%LMIC, humid, b: Tin 5.2%LMIC, humid, b: Titanium 4.1%LMIC, humid, b: Cadmium 1.8%LMIC, humid, b: Arsenic 0.4%LMIC, humid, b: Antimony 2.8%LMIC, humid, b: Chromium (VI) 0.1%LMIC, humid, b: Mercury 0.2%LMIC, humid, b: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.8%LMIChumidbLMIC, humid, o: Chromium 0.3%LMIC, humid, o: Nickel 1.8%LMIC, humid, o: Manganese 40%LMIC, humid, o: Cobalt 36%LMIC, humid, o: Titanium 1.1%LMIC, humid, o: Arsenic 7.1%LMIC, humid, o: Antimony 4%LMIC, humid, o: Chromium (VI) 5.6%LMIC, humid, o: Mercury 3%LMIC, humid, o: Selenium, vanadium, silver 1.1%LMIChumidoLMIC, humid, u: Chromium 0.3%LMIC, humid, u: Nickel 1.8%LMIC, humid, u: Manganese 40%LMIC, humid, u: Cobalt 36%LMIC, humid, u: Titanium 1.1%LMIC, humid, u: Arsenic 7.1%LMIC, humid, u: Antimony 4%LMIC, humid, u: Chromium (VI) 5.6%LMIC, humid, u: Mercury 3%LMIC, humid, u: Selenium, vanadium, silver 1.1%LMIChumiduLIC, arid, o: Chromium 0.9%LIC, arid, o: Nickel 58.3%LIC, arid, o: Manganese 3.4%LIC, arid, o: Cobalt 4.3%LIC, arid, o: Tin 19.3%LIC, arid, o: Titanium 7.2%LIC, arid, o: Cadmium 4.1%LIC, arid, o: Arsenic 0.8%LIC, arid, o: Antimony 0.7%LIC, arid, o: Chromium (VI) 0.2%LIC, arid, o: Mercury 0.3%LIC, arid, o: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.5%LICaridoLIC, arid, u: Chromium 0.9%LIC, arid, u: Nickel 58.3%LIC, arid, u: Manganese 3.4%LIC, arid, u: Cobalt 4.3%LIC, arid, u: Tin 19.3%LIC, arid, u: Titanium 7.2%LIC, arid, u: Cadmium 4.1%LIC, arid, u: Arsenic 0.8%LIC, arid, u: Antimony 0.7%LIC, arid, u: Chromium (VI) 0.2%LIC, arid, u: Mercury 0.3%LIC, arid, u: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.5%LICariduLIC, humid, b: Chromium 71%LIC, humid, b: Nickel 15.6%LIC, humid, b: Manganese 1%LIC, humid, b: Cobalt 1%LIC, humid, b: Tin 5.4%LIC, humid, b: Titanium 1.5%LIC, humid, b: Cadmium 1%LIC, humid, b: Arsenic 0.2%LIC, humid, b: Antimony 2.5%LIC, humid, b: Chromium (VI) 0.1%LIC, humid, b: Mercury 0.2%LIC, humid, b: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.5%LIChumidbLIC, arid, b: Chromium 71%LIC, arid, b: Nickel 15.6%LIC, arid, b: Manganese 1%LIC, arid, b: Cobalt 1%LIC, arid, b: Tin 5.4%LIC, arid, b: Titanium 1.5%LIC, arid, b: Cadmium 1%LIC, arid, b: Arsenic 0.2%LIC, arid, b: Antimony 2.5%LIC, arid, b: Chromium (VI) 0.1%LIC, arid, b: Mercury 0.2%LIC, arid, b: Selenium, vanadium, silver 0.5%LICaridbLIC, humid, o: Chromium 0.3%LIC, humid, o: Nickel 3%LIC, humid, o: Manganese 30%LIC, humid, o: Cobalt 41%LIC, humid, o: Titanium 0.8%LIC, humid, o: Arsenic 7.4%LIC, humid, o: Antimony 5.3%LIC, humid, o: Chromium (VI) 8.2%LIC, humid, o: Mercury 3%LIC, humid, o: Selenium, vanadium, silver 1%LIChumidoLIC, humid, u: Chromium 0.3%LIC, humid, u: Nickel 3%LIC, humid, u: Manganese 30%LIC, humid, u: Cobalt 41%LIC, humid, u: Titanium 0.8%LIC, humid, u: Arsenic 7.4%LIC, humid, u: Antimony 5.3%LIC, humid, u: Chromium (VI) 8.2%LIC, humid, u: Mercury 3%LIC, humid, u: Selenium, vanadium, silver 1%LIChumidu\nFigure 2. Heavy-metal emissions by case, as a share of total metal emissions, excluding lead and zinc. LIC, LMIC and UMIC are low-, lower-middle- and upper-middle-income countries; b is open burning, o is open dump, u is uncontrolled landfill. Values redrawn from the original analysis.\n\nFigure 3 shows where those emissions go. In the humid climate the fate of heavy metals from dumps and uncontrolled landfills is almost entirely water, while in the arid climate it is soil, at about 90%, and air, at about 8%. Open burning sends metal emissions to soil in every case. Across the elements examined, metal presence in soil is significant compared with air, and the same holds for emissions overall, regardless of economy and disposal method.\n\nWaterSoilAir\nScroll sideways to see the full chart.\nFigure 3. Share of heavy-metal emissions to water, soil and air by case0%25%50%75%100%UMIC, humid, uUMIC, humid, u: Water 99.9%UMIC, humid, u: Air 0.1%UMIC, humid, oUMIC, humid, o: Water 99.9%UMIC, humid, o: Air 0.1%UMIC, humid, bUMIC, humid, b: Soil 99.9%UMIC, humid, b: Air 0.1%UMIC, arid, uUMIC, arid, u: Water 1.6%UMIC, arid, u: Soil 90.1%UMIC, arid, u: Air 8.3%UMIC, arid, oUMIC, arid, o: Water 1.6%UMIC, arid, o: Soil 90.1%UMIC, arid, o: Air 8.3%UMIC, arid, bUMIC, arid, b: Soil 99.9%UMIC, arid, b: Air 0.1%LMIC, humid, uLMIC, humid, u: Water 99.9%LMIC, humid, u: Air 0.1%LMIC, humid, oLMIC, humid, o: Water 99.9%LMIC, humid, o: Air 0.1%LMIC, humid, bLMIC, humid, b: Soil 99.9%LMIC, humid, b: Air 0.1%LMIC, arid, uLMIC, arid, u: Water 1.3%LMIC, arid, u: Soil 90.2%LMIC, arid, u: Air 8.5%LMIC, arid, oLMIC, arid, o: Water 1.3%LMIC, arid, o: Soil 90.2%LMIC, arid, o: Air 8.5%LMIC, arid, bLMIC, arid, b: Soil 99.9%LMIC, arid, b: Air 0.1%LIC, humid, uLIC, humid, u: Water 99.9%LIC, humid, u: Air 0.1%LIC, humid, oLIC, humid, o: Water 99.9%LIC, humid, o: Air 0.1%LIC, arid, bLIC, arid, b: Soil 99.9%LIC, arid, b: Air 0.1%LIC, humid, bLIC, humid, b: Soil 99.9%LIC, humid, b: Air 0.1%LIC, arid, uLIC, arid, u: Water 1.4%LIC, arid, u: Soil 90.4%LIC, arid, u: Air 8.2%LIC, arid, oLIC, arid, o: Water 1.4%LIC, arid, o: Soil 90.4%LIC, arid, o: Air 8.2%\nFigure 3. Share of heavy-metal emissions to water, soil and air by case. Abbreviations as in Figure 2. Values redrawn from the original analysis.\n\nImpacts by economy and climate\nFigure 4 aggregates the weighted impacts by economy and climate. Human toxicity is more significant in arid conditions, highest in upper-middle-income countries (21.6%). Global warming is highest in upper-middle-income countries in both climates (18.0%). Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity is significant in humid conditions, at 23.1% for both low-income and upper-middle-income countries, and lowest for lower-middle-income countries in arid conditions (9.9%). Eutrophication is significant in humid conditions, particularly in lower-middle-income (30.8%), upper-middle-income (29.8%) and low-income (27.9%) countries. Acidification is higher in arid conditions, at 21.4% for lower-middle-income and 21.0% for low-income countries.\n\nScroll sideways to see the full chart.\nFigure 4. Aggregated and weighted impacts by income group and climateLIC aridLIC humidLMIC aridLMIC humidUMIC aridUMIC humidAcidification21.02%13.11%21.42%12.63%19.89%11.94%Eutrophication4.11%27.86%3.86%30.83%3.55%29.79%Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity13.56%23.11%9.87%16.80%13.56%23.11%Global warming15.42%15.41%16.57%16.57%18.02%18.02%Human toxicity20.98%12.65%19.10%12.35%21.62%13.30%\nFigure 4. Aggregated and weighted environmental impacts by economy and climate. Each value is the share of that economy-climate case within the impact category, so each row sums to 100%. Darker cells mark larger shares.\nShow the data for Figure 4Aggregated and weighted impacts (%).Impact categoryLIC aridLIC humidLMIC aridLMIC humidUMIC aridUMIC humidAcidification21.02%13.11%21.42%12.63%19.89%11.94%Eutrophication4.11%27.86%3.86%30.83%3.55%29.79%Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity13.56%23.11%9.87%16.80%13.56%23.11%Global warming15.42%15.41%16.57%16.57%18.02%18.02%Human toxicity20.98%12.65%19.10%12.35%21.62%13.30%\n\nImpacts by waste type\nTo isolate the effect of composition, 1 tonne of each waste type \u2014 organic, paper, plastic, glass, metals and other waste \u2014 from low-income countries was modelled through open dumping and uncontrolled landfilling in both climates. The worst impacts come from the disposal of metals, in both climates. The next worst come from plastic, other waste and paper in the humid climate. Glass has the lowest impacts in both climates.\nEach fraction points to a particular concern: metals to human toxicity and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity; paper to human toxicity; plastic to eutrophication and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity; organic waste to global warming, human toxicity and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity; glass to human toxicity and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity; and other waste to eutrophication, freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity and human toxicity. These findings agree with the results for whole waste compositions.\n\nArid climateHumid climate\nScroll sideways to see the full chart.\nFigure 5. Split of each impact category between arid and humid climates, by waste type0%25%50%75%100%Organic, AP: arid 60%Organic, AP: humid 40%APOrganic, EP: arid 9%Organic, EP: humid 91%EPOrganic, FAETP: arid 33%Organic, FAETP: humid 67%FAETPOrganic, GWP: arid 50%Organic, GWP: humid 50%GWPOrganic, HTP: arid 78%Organic, HTP: humid 22%HTPOrganicPaper, AP: arid 47.5%Paper, AP: humid 52.5%APPaper, EP: arid 3%Paper, EP: humid 97%EPPaper, FAETP: arid 32.5%Paper, FAETP: humid 67.5%FAETPPaper, GWP: arid 50%Paper, GWP: humid 50%GWPPaper, HTP: arid 53.5%Paper, HTP: humid 46.5%HTPPaperPlastic, AP: arid 91.5%Plastic, AP: humid 8.5%APPlastic, EP: arid 1%Plastic, EP: humid 99%EPPlastic, FAETP: arid 33%Plastic, FAETP: humid 67%FAETPPlastic, GWP: arid 50%Plastic, GWP: humid 50%GWPPlastic, HTP: arid 98.5%Plastic, HTP: humid 1.5%HTPPlasticGlass, AP: arid 100%AP\u2013EPGlass, FAETP: arid 33%Glass, FAETP: humid 67%FAETP\u2013GWPGlass, HTP: arid 99.5%Glass, HTP: humid 0.5%HTPGlass\u2013AP\u2013EPMetals, FAETP: arid 32.5%Metals, FAETP: humid 67.5%FAETP\u2013GWPMetals, HTP: arid 90%Metals, HTP: humid 10%HTPMetalsOther waste, AP: arid 61.5%Other waste, AP: humid 38.5%APOther waste, EP: arid 12%Other waste, EP: humid 88%EPOther waste, FAETP: arid 33%Other waste, FAETP: humid 67%FAETPOther waste, GWP: arid 50%Other waste, GWP: humid 50%GWPOther waste, HTP: arid 97.5%Other waste, HTP: humid 2.5%HTPOther waste\nFigure 5. Split of each impact category between arid and humid climates for 1 tonne of each waste type disposed of in open dumps and uncontrolled landfills (both methods give identical results). A dash marks a category with no contribution from that fraction. Values redrawn from the original analysis.\nShow the data for Figure 5Share of each impact category, arid \/ humid.Waste typeAPEPFAETPGWPHTPOrganic60% \/ 40%9% \/ 91%33% \/ 67%50% \/ 50%78% \/ 22%Paper47.5% \/ 52.5%3% \/ 97%32.5% \/ 67.5%50% \/ 50%53.5% \/ 46.5%Plastic91.5% \/ 8.5%1% \/ 99%33% \/ 67%50% \/ 50%98.5% \/ 1.5%Glass100% \/ 0%\u201333% \/ 67%\u201399.5% \/ 0.5%Metals\u2013\u201332.5% \/ 67.5%\u201390% \/ 10%Other waste61.5% \/ 38.5%12% \/ 88%33% \/ 67%50% \/ 50%97.5% \/ 2.5%\n\n\n\nUncertainty\nSensitivity and Monte Carlo analysis\nThe sensitivity analysis used waste disposal in low-income countries with arid conditions, through uncontrolled landfills and open dumps, for a composition of 64% organic, 5% paper, 8% plastic, 3% glass, 3% metals and 17% other waste (Hoornweg &amp; Bhada-Tata, 2012). Each fraction was varied by one standard deviation of \u221250% and +50%. The overall results do not change, but the analysis shows which inputs carry influence: the metals fraction and the organic fraction have the strongest effect, and glass and other waste also move the results in some cases.\nTable 3. Results of the sensitivity analysis.\nCaseOrganicPaperPlasticGlassMetalsOther waste1 \u2212 SD\u22122.7%\u22120.7%\u22121.7%\u221229.3%\u221213.2%\u22122.4%1 + SD2.7%0.7%1.7%29.3%13.2%2.4%2 \u2212 SD\u22121.2%\u22120.5%\u22120.9%\u22127.3%\u221235.9%\u22124.4%2 + SD1.2%0.5%0.9%7.3%35.9%4.4%3 \u2212 SD\u22129.0%\u22120.5%\u22127.4%\u221213.0%0.0%\u221220.1%3 + SD9.0%0.5%7.4%13.0%0.0%20.1%4 \u2212 SD\u221233.0%\u22129.2%\u22121.1%0.0%0.0%\u22126.8%4 + SD33.0%9.2%1.1%0.0%0.0%6.8%5 \u2212 SD\u221214.3%\u22121.3%\u22121.7%0.0%0.0%\u221232.7%5 + SD14.3%1.3%1.7%0.0%0.0%32.7%\n\nScroll sideways to see the full chart.\nSensitivity analysis: change in result for plus or minus one standard deviation, by waste fraction and caseCase 1Case 2Case 3Case 4Case 5Organic\u00b12.7%\u00b11.2%\u00b19%\u00b133%\u00b114.3%Paper\u00b10.7%\u00b10.5%\u00b10.5%\u00b19.2%\u00b11.3%Plastic\u00b11.7%\u00b10.9%\u00b17.4%\u00b11.1%\u00b11.7%Glass\u00b129.3%\u00b17.3%\u00b113%0%0%Metals\u00b113.2%\u00b135.9%0%0%0%Other waste\u00b12.4%\u00b14.4%\u00b120.1%\u00b16.8%\u00b132.7%\nTable 3 in chart form. Size of the change in result for \u00b11 standard deviation in each waste fraction, by case. Darker cells mark larger changes.\n\nUncertainty was tested with a Monte Carlo analysis of 1,000 runs with randomly generated parameters. Table 4 lists, for each impact category, the share of runs that changed the result by a given amount. Freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity results cluster tightly: about 62% of runs changed the result by no more than \u00b10.5%, about 92% by no more than \u00b11.5%, and none by more than \u00b14.5%. Human toxicity spreads a little wider, with about 74% of runs within \u00b12.5%. For acidification, global warming and eutrophication, no single change band holds more than 5% of runs. All recorded changes stay within \u00b19.5% of the base result, so the results are stable.\nTable 4. Monte Carlo analysis: share of 1,000 runs, by change in result and impact category.\nChange in resultHTPFAETPAPGWPEP\u22129.5%0.06%0%2.5%1.03%2.06%\u22128.5%0.07%0%2.88%1.11%2.37%\u22127.5%0.33%0%2.98%1.25%2.39%\u22126.5%0.75%0%3.39%1.33%2.36%\u22125.5%2.03%0%3.61%1.05%2.59%\u22124.5%3.39%0.05%3.78%1.19%2.53%\u22123.5%6.3%0.46%4.01%1.41%2.79%\u22122.5%9.53%3.79%4.14%0.97%2.71%\u22121.5%12.28%14.87%4.48%1.4%2.73%\u22120.5%14.91%30.49%4.51%1.21%2.96%+0.5%14.55%31.14%4.45%1.12%2.83%+1.5%13.31%15.15%4.12%1.37%2.64%+2.5%9.43%3.64%4.18%1.14%2.51%+3.5%6.32%0.39%4.4%1.05%2.78%+4.5%3.79%0.02%4.14%1.23%2.69%+5.5%1.83%0%3.66%1.1%2.68%+6.5%0.74%0%3.62%1.07%2.87%+7.5%0.29%0%3.07%1.15%2.46%+8.5%0.06%0%2.63%1.23%2.3%+9.5%0.03%0%2.54%1.13%2.27%\n\nHTPFAETPAPGWPEP\nScroll sideways to see the full chart.\nMonte Carlo analysis: share of 1,000 runs by change in result, per impact category0%10%20%30%\u22129.5%\u22125.5%\u22121.5%+1.5%+5.5%+9.5%Change in resultHTPFAETPAPGWPEP\nTable 4 in chart form. Share of 1,000 Monte Carlo runs in each change band, by impact category. The sharp FAETP and HTP peaks around zero show how tightly those results cluster.\n\n\n\nConclusion\nConclusion and implications\nAll three disposal practices damage the environment, but not in the same way. The answer to the first research question is yes, though less than expected: income level shifts the size of individual impacts by a few percentage points, while the ranking of concerns stays much the same. The answer to the second is strongly yes: for dumps and uncontrolled landfills, climate decides whether the main burden falls on freshwater ecosystems or on human health. The answer to the third is that a few fractions \u2014 metals above all, then plastic and organic waste \u2014 carry most of the impact.\nWhat this study adds\n\nOne consistent comparison \u2014 three income groups, two climates, three disposal methods and six waste fractions are assessed per tonne with the same models and impact method, instead of one city or one country at a time.\nClimate outweighs income \u2014 for dumps and uncontrolled landfills, moving from an arid to a humid climate changes which impact dominates, while moving between income groups changes impact shares by only a few percentage points.\nThe mechanism behind the climate effect \u2014 heavy-metal emissions are traced to their receiving medium: water in humid climates, soil and air in arid ones.\nFraction-level priorities \u2014 metals, plastic and organic waste are identified as the fractions that carry most of the impact, which points to where separation pays off first.\n\nThree practical priorities follow from the results:\n\nEnd open burning first \u2014 its human toxicity burden is the highest in absolute terms and does not ease with income level or climate.\nMatch site controls to climate \u2014 in humid regions, leachate containment protects water; in arid regions, cover and soil protection limit metal exposure.\nKeep metals and e-waste out of mixed waste \u2014 the metals fraction drives human toxicity and ecotoxicity and is among the most influential inputs in the sensitivity analysis.\n\nLimitations\n\nCollection, transport, informal recycling and site energy are outside the system boundary.\nOpen dumps and uncontrolled landfills share the same inventory model and parameters here, so they give identical results.\nWaste composition data date from 2012; Figures 1 to 5 show weighted shares, while Table 2 gives absolute characterised results.\n\n\n\nQuestions\nFrequently asked questions\nWhich waste disposal method has the highest human toxicity impact in developing countries?Open burning. In this study it carries about 77% of the weighted impact as human toxicity in every income group and climate, and its characterised human toxicity potential is 2,080 to 2,170 kg 1,4-DB-eq per tonne of waste, against 126 to 957 kg for open dumps and uncontrolled landfills.How does climate change the environmental impact of open dumps and uncontrolled landfills?In humid climates heavy metals leave the site mostly through water, so freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity (about 60% of the weighted impact) and eutrophication (about 30%) dominate. In arid climates emissions go mainly to soil and air, and human toxicity leads at about 60%, followed by freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity at about 35%.What is the carbon footprint of open dumping one tonne of municipal solid waste?Between 432 and 520 kg CO\u2082-eq per tonne including biogenic carbon, or 333 to 399 kg CO\u2082-eq excluding it, rising with income level. Open burning of the same tonne gives about 196 kg CO\u2082-eq including biogenic carbon.Which waste fractions cause the most environmental impact when dumped?Metals, through human toxicity and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity. Plastic raises eutrophication and ecotoxicity, organic waste contributes to global warming, human toxicity and ecotoxicity, and glass has the lowest impact of the fractions studied.Can DEISO run a life cycle assessment of a waste management system?Yes. DEISO runs life cycle assessments of waste collection, treatment and disposal systems, from inventory modelling through scenario comparison to reporting. Requests go through the DEISO quotation form.\n\n\nCitation\nHow to cite this study\nResearchers are welcome to cite this study, and the full study is available as a PDF. Please credit Dr. Mahdi Ikhlayel as the author and DEISO Research as the publisher, using one of the formats below; the link to this page is added automatically.\nAPA 7CopyIkhlayel, M. (2026). Environmental impacts of open dumping, uncontrolled landfilling and open burning of municipal solid waste in developing countries: a life cycle assessment by income level and climate zone. DEISO Research. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13140\/RG.2.2.28789.95206\nHarvardCopyIkhlayel, M. (2026) Environmental impacts of open dumping, uncontrolled landfilling and open burning of municipal solid waste in developing countries: a life cycle assessment by income level and climate zone. Tokyo: DEISO Research. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13140\/RG.2.2.28789.95206\nBibTeXCopy@techreport{ikhlayel2026msw,\n  author      = {Ikhlayel, Mahdi},\n  title       = {Environmental impacts of open dumping, uncontrolled landfilling and open burning of municipal solid waste in developing countries: a life cycle assessment by income level and climate zone},\n  institution = {DEISO Research},\n  publisher   = {DEISO Research},\n  address     = {Tokyo, Japan},\n  year        = {2026},\n  doi         = {10.13140\/RG.2.2.28789.95206}\n}\n\n\nNext step\nNeed this analysis for your own waste system?\nDEISO runs life cycle assessments of waste collection, treatment and disposal systems, from inventory modelling to scenario comparison and reporting. DEISO also trains teams to run these studies themselves.\nExplore LCA project execution services \u2192\nFind LCA training \u2192\nDownload the PDF \u2193\n\n\nReferences\nReferences\n\nDoka, G. (2016a). A model for waste-specific and climate-specific life cycle inventories of open and unsanitary landfilling of waste. Doka Life Cycle Assessments, Zurich, Switzerland. http:\/\/www.doka.ch\/publications.htm\nDoka, G. (2016b). A model for waste-specific life cycle inventories of open burning of waste. Doka Life Cycle Assessments, Zurich, Switzerland. http:\/\/www.doka.ch\/publications.htm\nFerronato, N., &amp; Torretta, V. (2019). Waste mismanagement in developing countries: A review of global issues. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(6), 1060. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16061060\nGuerrero, L. A., Maas, G., &amp; Hogland, W. (2013). Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries. Waste Management, 33(1), 220\u2013232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wasman.2012.09.008\nGuin\u00e9e, J. B. (Ed.). (2002). Handbook on life cycle assessment: Operational guide to the ISO standards. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/0-306-48055-7\nHijmans, R. J., Cameron, S. E., Parra, J. L., Jones, P. G., &amp; Jarvis, A. (2005). Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 25(15), 1965\u20131978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/joc.1276\nHoornweg, D., &amp; Bhada-Tata, P. (2012). What a waste: A global review of solid waste management. Urban Development Series Knowledge Papers No. 15. World Bank, Washington, DC. https:\/\/siteresources.worldbank.org\/INTURBANDEVELOPMENT\/Resources\/336387-1334852610766\/What_a_Waste2012_Final.pdf\nIkhlayel, M. (2017). Environmental impacts and benefits of state-of-the-art technologies for e-waste management. Waste Management, 68, 458\u2013474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wasman.2017.06.038\nIkhlayel, M. (2018a). An integrated approach to establish e-waste management systems for developing countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 170, 119\u2013130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.09.137\nIkhlayel, M. (2018b). Development of management systems for sustainable municipal solid waste in developing countries: A systematic life cycle thinking approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 180, 571\u2013586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.01.057\nIkhlayel, M. (2018c). Life cycle assessment of integrated e-waste management systems for developing countries: Assessment in Jordan (Doctoral dissertation). The University of Tokyo. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15083\/00075347\nIPCC. (2006). Chapter 3: Solid waste disposal. In 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 5: Waste (prepared by the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme). IGES, Hayama, Japan.\nISO. (2006a). ISO 14040:2006 Environmental management \u2014 Life cycle assessment \u2014 Principles and framework. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva.\nISO. (2006b). ISO 14044:2006 Environmental management \u2014 Life cycle assessment \u2014 Requirements and guidelines. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva.\nKaza, S., Yao, L., Bhada-Tata, P., &amp; Van Woerden, F. (2018). What a waste 2.0: A global snapshot of solid waste management to 2050. World Bank, Washington, DC. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1596\/978-1-4648-1329-0\nLaurent, A., Bakas, I., Clavreul, J., Bernstad, A., Niero, M., Gentil, E., Hauschild, M. Z., &amp; Christensen, T. H. (2014). Review of LCA studies of solid waste management systems \u2014 Part I: Lessons learned and perspectives. Waste Management, 34(3), 573\u2013588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wasman.2013.10.045\nMu, Q., Zhao, M., &amp; Running, S. W. (2011). Improvements to a MODIS global terrestrial evapotranspiration algorithm. Remote Sensing of Environment, 115(8), 1781\u20131800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rse.2011.02.019\nWiedinmyer, C., Yokelson, R. J., &amp; Gullett, B. K. (2014). Global emissions of trace gases, particulate matter, and hazardous air pollutants from open burning of domestic waste. Environmental Science &amp; Technology, 48(16), 9523\u20139530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es502250z\nWilson, D. C., Rodic, L., Modak, P., Soos, R., Carpintero, A., Velis, C. A., Iyer, M., &amp; Simonett, O. (2015). Global waste management outlook. United Nations Environment Programme and International Solid Waste Association.\nWorld Bank. (2016). New country classifications. Income level based on gross national income (GNI) per capita; accessed 3 June 2016. http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/news\/new-country-classifications-2015\n\n\n\n    \n      Work with DEISO\n      Hire DEISO for your LCA work\n      Need results like these for your own product? 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DEISO will come back with a quotation built around it.\n        Request a quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"Open dumping and open burning of waste: LCA study\" data-d=\"1790818267\" data-m=\"1791350295\" data-cat=\"1720\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/msw-disposal-lca-developing-countries\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-research-msw-disposal-lca-featured-768x403.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Deiso research msw disposal lca featured\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-research-msw-disposal-lca-featured-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-research-msw-disposal-lca-featured-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-research-msw-disposal-lca-featured-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-research-msw-disposal-lca-featured-18x9.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/deiso-research-msw-disposal-lca-featured.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">DEISO Research<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">DEISO Research<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">1 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 34 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/msw-disposal-lca-developing-countries\">Open dumping and open burning of waste: LCA study<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">DEISO Research Environmental impacts of open dumping, uncontrolled landfilling and open burning of municipal solid waste in developing countries A life cycle assessment by income level and climate\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/msw-disposal-lca-developing-countries\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Open dumping and open burning of waste: LCA study\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Sodium hydroxide carbon footprint: 1.05 kg CO2e per kg (LCA case study) DEISO Research Case study\r\nLife cycle assessment of sodium hydroxide production at plant, 1 kg\r\nWhere the energy and raw materials for 1 kg of sodium hydroxide come from: salt, coal, natural gas and fuel oil, each with its own transport and fuel inputs.\r\n\r\nFunctional unit1 kg sodium hydroxide, production mix, at plant\r\nProduct system4 supply chains, 15 upstream inputs\r\nPrepared byDEISO LLC, Tokyo\r\n\r\n1Stage 1\r\n\r\n \tDiesel combusted in industrial boiler\r\n \tBituminous coal combusted in industrial boiler\r\n \tNatural gas combusted in industrial boiler\r\n \tElectricity at the grid, US\r\n\r\nProcessSodium chloride at plant\r\n\r\nSodium chloride\r\n2Stage 2\r\n\r\n \tBituminous coal (mining)\r\n \tGasoline combusted in equipment\r\n \tTransport by combination truck (fuel mix)\r\n \tTransport by train (diesel-powered)\r\n\r\nProcessBituminous coal combusted in industrial boiler\r\n\r\nBituminous coal\r\n3Stage 3\r\n\r\n \tTransport by combination truck (fuel mix)\r\n \tTransport by train (diesel-powered)\r\n \tNatural gas processed at plant\r\n\r\nProcessNatural gas combusted in industrial boiler\r\n\r\nNatural gas\r\n4Stage 4\r\n\r\n \tTransport by barge (fuel mix)\r\n \tTransport by train (diesel-powered)\r\n \tTransport by combination truck (fuel mix)\r\n \tResidual fuel oil at refinery\r\n\r\nProcessResidual fuel oil combusted in industrial boiler\r\n\r\nResidual fuel oil\r\nFunctional unit1 kgSodium hydroxide, production mix, at plantThe four intermediate products all feed this final process\r\n\r\n \tCombustion\r\n \tElectricity\r\n \tTransport\r\n \tExtraction\r\n \tProcessing\r\n\r\nFigure 1. Product system for the life cycle assessment of sodium hydroxide production at plant, 1 kg.\u00a9 2026 DEISO LLC. All rights reserved.\r\nDownload diagram, English (JPG) \u2193\r\nDownload diagram, Arabic (JPG) \u2193\r\nSee DEISO LCA services \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nWhy LCA\r\nWhy chemicals need a life cycle view\r\nTwo chemicals can do the same job and still leave very different footprints. The difference comes from how each one is made: which raw materials go in, how much energy the process draws, and what ends up in the air, water and soil along the way.\r\n\r\nLife cycle assessment (LCA) puts numbers on that. Under ISO 14040 and 14044, it follows a product from raw material extraction through production, use and disposal, and adds up the energy used, the emissions released and the impacts they cause.\r\nWhat an LCA lets a chemical producer do\r\n\r\n \tCompare routes \u2014 see which synthesis route, supplier or site carries the lower footprint for the same product.\r\n \tFind hotspots \u2014 pin down the fuels, inputs and process steps that drive most of the impact.\r\n \tTest a change on paper first \u2014 model a switch in energy source or raw material before spending money on it.\r\n \tAnswer customers \u2014 give buyers who ask for a product carbon footprint figures they can trace back to data.\r\n\r\nLCA results take some effort to read, but they are what decisions on chemical production should rest on. A worked example is the quickest way to see how the pieces fit, which is what this case study is for.\r\n\r\nThe product\r\nSodium hydroxide at a glance\r\nFormulaNaOHA strong base and alkali\r\nAlso calledCaustic soda, lyeSame substance, different trade names\r\nWorld output, 2024About 75\u201383 million tonnesEstimates differ by source\r\nLargest producerChina, about 28\u201331%Followed by the United States and India\r\nHow it is tradedMostly as a water solutionOver 90% of global trade is soda lye\r\nMade alongsideChlorine and hydrogenAll three come out of the same cell\r\n\r\nPure sodium hydroxide is a white solid. It dissolves readily in water, splitting into sodium ions (Na\u207a) and hydroxide ions (OH\u207b), and it pulls moisture and carbon dioxide out of the air if left open. Between 12.3 and 61.8 \u00b0C, water solutions crystallise as the monohydrate, NaOH\u00b7H\u2082O, and much of the \u201csodium hydroxide\u201d sold commercially is in fact this monohydrate.\r\n\r\nIn practice, most users buy it as a solution rather than a solid. It is cheaper to ship and far easier to pump, dose and mix.\r\n\r\nHandling\r\n\r\nSodium hydroxide breaks down proteins at room temperature. It causes severe chemical burns on skin, can permanently damage eyes, and is dangerous if swallowed.\r\n\r\nProduction\r\nHow sodium hydroxide is made\r\nAlmost all of it comes from the chlor-alkali process. An electric current is passed through salt brine, and the brine splits into three products at once.\r\n\r\n2 NaCl + 2 H\u2082O \u2192 Cl\u2082 + H\u2082 + 2 NaOHSalt and water in; chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide out\r\n\r\nThe ratio never changes. For every tonne of chlorine, a plant makes about 1.1 tonnes of caustic soda and 0.03 tonnes of hydrogen. The industry calls this bundle an electrochemical unit, or ECU.\r\n\r\n \tElectricity \u2014 a membrane plant uses about 2.8 MWh per ECU, most of it in the cells themselves. Older mercury cells need about 3.6 MWh.\r\n \tSteam \u2014 membrane cells save power but need extra steam to concentrate the caustic to the standard 50% commercial grade.\r\n \tTechnology \u2014 membrane cells made up 83.9% of installed EU capacity in 2024, with diaphragm cells at 9.7%.\r\n\r\nBecause chlorine, hydrogen and caustic soda share one cell, an LCA has to decide how to split the burden between them. That choice, called allocation, can shift the result for 1 kg of sodium hydroxide considerably.\r\n\r\nUses\r\nWhere sodium hydroxide ends up\r\nFew people handle caustic soda directly, but most use products that needed it somewhere in their supply chain. The shares below are approximate global figures; sources and regions differ.\r\n\r\nAbout 20% of global use\r\nAlumina refining\r\nThe Bayer process uses it to dissolve alumina out of bauxite ore, the first step toward aluminium metal.\r\n\r\nAbout 15% of global use\r\nPulp and paper\r\nKraft pulping uses it to break down wood chips and free the fibres. Bleaching and effluent treatment use more.\r\n\r\n30\u201340% combined\r\nOrganic and inorganic chemicals\r\nNeutralising acids, adjusting pH, and making intermediates such as propylene oxide, polycarbonates and a long list of sodium salts.\r\nSoaps and detergents\r\nHard bar soap is made with sodium hydroxide. Liquid soap uses potassium hydroxide instead.\r\nTextiles\r\nViscose rayon production, and mercerising cotton, which strengthens the fibre and helps it take dye.\r\nOil and gas\r\nAdded to drilling mud to raise alkalinity and neutralise acid gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. Refiners also use caustic washing to strip hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans from crude; the spent caustic is hazardous waste.\r\nMetals and testing\r\nDegreasing metal parts, and adjusting pH, together with hydrochloric acid, in neutral salt spray corrosion tests.\r\nFood and household\r\nPeeling fruit and vegetables, curing olives and giving pretzels their dark crust; it is food additive E524. At home, it is the active ingredient in many drain and oven cleaners.\r\n\r\nThis case study\r\nWhat this case study covers\r\nThe assessment models sodium hydroxide, production mix, at plant, with 1 kg of product as the functional unit. Four supply chains feed it, each shown as a stage in the product system diagram at the top of this page.\r\n\r\n \tSodium chlorideThe salt feedstock. Its production draws on diesel, bituminous coal and natural gas burned in industrial boilers, plus grid electricity (US).\r\n \tBituminous coal, combusted in industrial boilerCoal mining, gasoline used in equipment, and transport by combination truck and diesel train.\r\n \tNatural gas, combusted in industrial boilerGas processed at plant, then moved by combination truck and diesel train.\r\n \tResidual fuel oil, combusted in industrial boilerFuel oil from the refinery, moved by barge, diesel train and combination truck.\r\n\r\nSources\r\nSources for the figures above\r\n\r\n \tEuro Chlor, Chlorine Industry Review: 2024 production and technology shares\r\n \tEuro Chlor: The European chlor-alkali industry, an electricity-intensive sector\r\n \tIndexBox: Global caustic soda market overview, 2024\r\n \tIMARC Group: Caustic soda market volume, 2024\r\n \tIstay Kimya: Caustic soda end-use shares, 2025\u20132030 outlook\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMethod\r\nHow the assessment was set up\r\nBefore any number is calculated, an LCA has to answer three questions: what exactly is being measured, where the study stops, and how the load is shared when one process makes more than one product. This section answers all three for sodium hydroxide.\r\n\r\nFunctional unit1 kg of sodium hydroxideEvery result is expressed per kilogram\r\nReference productSodium hydroxide, production mix, at plantAs it leaves the production site\r\nBoundary typeCradle to gateFrom resource extraction to the plant gate\r\nElectricityUS grid mixUsed in the sodium chloride stage\r\n\r\nThe study follows the four phases set out in ISO 14040 and 14044: goal and scope, inventory analysis, impact assessment and interpretation. The sections below cover the scope. Results follow later in the case study.\r\n\r\nCalculation\r\n\r\nAll calculations in this case study were carried out in Microsoft Excel, working stage by stage through the product system shown in the diagram at the top of this page.\r\n\r\nSystem boundary\r\nWhere the system boundary sits\r\nThe boundary is drawn around everything needed to get 1 kg of sodium hydroxide to the plant gate. What happens to the product after it leaves the plant is outside the scope.\r\n\r\nInside the boundary\r\n1. Sodium chlorideSalt feedstock, boiler fuels and grid electricity\r\n2. Bituminous coalMining, equipment fuel and freight to the boiler\r\n3. Natural gasGas processing and freight to the boiler\r\n4. Residual fuel oilRefinery output and freight to the boiler\r\nPlant gate1 kg sodium hydroxide leaves here\r\nOutside\r\nDistributionShipping to customers\r\nUseProcessing in customer plants\r\nEnd of lifeNeutralisation, discharge, waste\r\nWhat each stage brings into the system\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nStage\r\nEnergy and fuels\r\nExtraction and processing\r\nTransport\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n1. Sodium chloride at plant\r\nDiesel, bituminous coal and natural gas burned in industrial boilers; grid electricity (US)\r\n\u2013\r\n\u2013\r\n\r\n\r\n2. Bituminous coal, combusted in industrial boiler\r\nGasoline burned in equipment\r\nCoal mining\r\nCombination truck, diesel train\r\n\r\n\r\n3. Natural gas, combusted in industrial boiler\r\n\u2013\r\nNatural gas processed at plant\r\nCombination truck, diesel train\r\n\r\n\r\n4. Residual fuel oil, combusted in industrial boiler\r\n\u2013\r\nResidual fuel oil at refinery\r\nBarge, diesel train, combination truck\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLeft out of the boundary\r\n\r\n \tDistribution \u2014 moving the finished product from the plant to its buyers.\r\n \tUse \u2014 whatever the customer does with it, from pulping wood to making soap.\r\n \tEnd of life \u2014 neutralisation and disposal once the sodium hydroxide has done its job.\r\n\r\nAllocation\r\nHow shared burdens are split\r\nAllocation is the rule for dividing emissions and energy between products that come out of the same process. Inside the four supply chains, it is not needed: each process hands a single product to the next step, so its full burden travels with that product.\r\n\r\nThe last step is different. The electrolysis cell never makes caustic soda on its own; chlorine and hydrogen come out with it, always in the same ratio. The burden of that step is therefore split between the three products by mass.\r\n\r\nWhat a mass split looks like for one electrochemical unit\r\n\r\n \t51.6%Sodium hydroxide, 1.1 t\r\n \t46.9%Chlorine, 1.0 t\r\n \t1.4%Hydrogen, 0.03 t\r\n\r\nShares of 2.13 t of total output per tonne of chlorine.\r\n\r\nIn plain terms: sodium hydroxide carries a little over half of what the cell room emits. Switch to a split by economic value and that share moves with market prices for chlorine and caustic soda, which is why the rule has to be stated up front.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nKey findings\r\nSix numbers worth remembering\r\n1.05 kg CO\u2082 eqCarbon footprint of 1 kg of sodium hydroxide at the plant gate, calculated with CML over 100 years.\r\n55%Share of that footprint, 0.57 kg, that arises at the sodium hydroxide plant itself. The four supply chains add the other 45%.\r\n25%Share contributed by the natural gas chain, 0.26 kg CO\u2082 eq. It is the largest of the four supply chains.\r\n15 MJFossil energy drawn from the ground for every kilogram produced.\r\n92.9%Share of the weighted score taken by marine aquatic ecotoxicity. Every other category is 3% or less.\r\nUnder 1%Share of both the carbon footprint and the weighted score that comes from the residual fuel oil chain, the smallest of the four.\r\n\r\nCiting this case study\r\nHow to cite these results\r\nUse of these results\r\n\r\nThis case study is published for demonstration and learning. The results are not intended for commercial use, such as product claims or procurement decisions. They may be cited in academic reports and papers.\r\n\r\nSuggested citation\r\nDEISO LLC (2026). Life cycle assessment of sodium hydroxide production at plant, 1 kg: a case study using the CML impact assessment method. Tokyo: DEISO LLC.\r\nCopy citation\r\n\r\n\r\nNeed a footprint for your own product?\r\nDEISO runs cradle-to-gate and cradle-to-grave LCAs and product carbon footprints for chemical producers. Tell us the product, the site and what you need the result for.\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation \u2192\r\nSee DEISO LCA services \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nContribution analysis\r\nWhere the carbon footprint comes from\r\nJust over half of the 1.05 kg CO\u2082 eq arises at the sodium hydroxide plant itself. The other 45% is spread across the four supply chains, and the natural gas chain is the largest of them, at about a quarter of the total.\r\n\r\nFigure 2. Global warming potential by sourcekg CO\u2082 eq per kg of sodium hydroxide\r\n\r\n \tSodium hydroxide plant, direct0.57 kg54.6%\r\n \tNatural gas, combusted in boiler0.26 kg24.8%\r\n \tSodium chloride0.14 kg13.0%\r\n \tBituminous coal, combusted in boiler0.07 kg6.8%\r\n \tResidual fuel oil, combusted in boiler0.01 kg0.7%\r\n\r\nAll categories\r\nThe same pattern, category by category\r\nThe table shows each source\u2019s share of every impact category. Darker cells mean a bigger share. Two things stand out: the plant dominates ozone depletion and soil toxicity, and all of the mineral resource use comes from the salt stage.\r\n\r\nTable 2. Share of each impact category by sourceEach column adds up to 100%\r\n\r\nScroll sideways to see all eleven categories.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSource\r\nADP elements\r\nADP fossil\r\nAP\r\nEP\r\nFAETP\r\nGWP\r\nHTP\r\nMAETP\r\nODP\r\nPOCP\r\nTETP\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSodium hydroxide plant, direct\r\n0%\r\n54%\r\n56%\r\n68%\r\n31%\r\n55%\r\n45%\r\n72%\r\n99%\r\n68%\r\n92%\r\n\r\n\r\nSodium chloride\r\n100%\r\n13%\r\n11%\r\n11%\r\n24%\r\n13%\r\n17%\r\n11%\r\n0.3%\r\n9.6%\r\n2.7%\r\n\r\n\r\nNatural gas, combusted in boiler\r\n0%\r\n27%\r\n27%\r\n12%\r\n41%\r\n25%\r\n33%\r\n10%\r\n0%\r\n19%\r\n0.3%\r\n\r\n\r\nBituminous coal, combusted in boiler\r\n0%\r\n5.5%\r\n6.0%\r\n8.0%\r\n0.8%\r\n6.8%\r\n3.5%\r\n5.9%\r\n0.8%\r\n3.8%\r\n5.2%\r\n\r\n\r\nResidual fuel oil, combusted in boiler\r\n0%\r\n0.6%\r\n0.3%\r\n0.9%\r\n3.2%\r\n0.7%\r\n1.7%\r\n0.8%\r\n0%\r\n0.4%\r\n0.1%\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n0%100%\r\n\r\nWeighted score\r\nShare of the overall weighted score\r\nAfter normalisation and weighting, all eleven categories can be added into one score. On that single score, the plant accounts for 70%, and the salt and natural gas chains for about 12% each.\r\n\r\nFigure 3. Contribution to the weighted score by sourceShare of total\r\n\r\n \tSodium hydroxide plant, direct69.9%\r\n \tSodium chloride12.0%\r\n \tNatural gas, combusted in boiler11.5%\r\n \tBituminous coal, combusted in boiler5.7%\r\n \tResidual fuel oil, combusted in boiler0.8%\r\n\r\nFull breakdown, including transportTransport is small in every chain. The largest single transport step, the diesel train carrying coal, stays under 0.1% of the weighted score.\r\n\r\nTable 3. Process contributions to the weighted scoreShare of total\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nProcess\r\nShare of weighted score\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSodium hydroxide plant, direct\r\n69.9%\r\n\r\n\r\nSodium chloride\r\n12.0%\r\n\r\n\r\nDiesel, combusted in industrial boiler\r\n3.6%\r\n\r\n\r\nBituminous coal, combusted in industrial boiler\r\n2.5%\r\n\r\n\r\nNatural gas, combusted in industrial boiler\r\n2.4%\r\n\r\n\r\nSalt production, direct\r\n3.6%\r\n\r\n\r\nNatural gas, combusted in industrial boiler\r\n11.5%\r\n\r\n\r\nCombustion and gas supply, direct\r\n11.2%\r\n\r\n\r\nTransport, combination truck\r\n0.23%\r\n\r\n\r\nTransport, diesel train\r\n&lt;0.01%\r\n\r\n\r\nBituminous coal, combusted in industrial boiler\r\n5.7%\r\n\r\n\r\nCombustion, direct\r\n5.4%\r\n\r\n\r\nBituminous coal at the mine\r\n0.24%\r\n\r\n\r\nTransport, diesel train\r\n0.07%\r\n\r\n\r\nTransport, barge\r\n0.01%\r\n\r\n\r\nTransport, combination truck\r\n&lt;0.01%\r\n\r\n\r\nResidual fuel oil, combusted in industrial boiler\r\n0.84%\r\n\r\n\r\nCombustion and refinery supply, direct\r\n0.84%\r\n\r\n\r\nTransport, barge\r\n&lt;0.01%\r\n\r\n\r\nTransport, combination truck\r\n&lt;0.01%\r\n\r\n\r\nTransport, diesel train\r\n&lt;0.01%\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nWeighted results\r\nWhich impact categories matter most\r\nNormalisation compares each result with a reference level of impact, and weighting then sets how much each category counts. Once that is done, one category towers over the rest.\r\n\r\n92.9%\r\nMarine aquatic ecotoxicity makes up 92.9% of the weighted scoreHuman toxicity comes second at 3.0%. Global warming, the category most people ask about, is 0.66%.\r\nFigure 4. Share of the weighted score by impact categoryCML, normalised and weighted\r\n\r\n \tMarine aquatic ecotoxicity92.9%\r\n \tHuman toxicity2.99%\r\n \tAbiotic depletion, fossil0.79%\r\n \tAbiotic depletion, elements0.74%\r\n \tAcidification0.70%\r\n \tGlobal warming0.66%\r\n \tFreshwater aquatic ecotoxicity0.51%\r\n \tPhotochemical ozone creation0.39%\r\n \tTerrestrial ecotoxicity0.16%\r\n \tEutrophication0.03%\r\n \tOzone layer depletion0.01%\r\n\r\nThis is typical of CML results: marine ecotoxicity often dominates once results are weighted. Read the weighted score alongside the category results in Table 1, not instead of them. A 0.66% weighted share does not make 1.05 kg CO\u2082 eq per kg a small number for a buyer tracking its carbon footprint.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nKey findings\r\nSix numbers worth remembering\r\n1.05 kg CO\u2082 eqCarbon footprint of 1 kg of sodium hydroxide at the plant gate, calculated with CML over 100 years.\r\n55%Share of that footprint, 0.57 kg, that arises at the sodium hydroxide plant itself. The four supply chains add the other 45%.\r\n25%Share contributed by the natural gas chain, 0.26 kg CO\u2082 eq. It is the largest of the four supply chains.\r\n15 MJFossil energy drawn from the ground for every kilogram produced.\r\n92.9%Share of the weighted score taken by marine aquatic ecotoxicity. Every other category is 3% or less.\r\nUnder 1%Share of both the carbon footprint and the weighted score that comes from the residual fuel oil chain, the smallest of the four.\r\n\r\nCiting this case study\r\nHow to cite these results\r\nUse of these results\r\n\r\nThis case study is published for demonstration and learning. The results are not intended for commercial use, such as product claims or procurement decisions. They may be cited in academic reports and papers.\r\n\r\nSuggested citation\r\nDEISO LLC (2026). Life cycle assessment of sodium hydroxide production at plant, 1 kg: a case study using the CML impact assessment method. Tokyo: DEISO LLC.\r\nCopy citation\r\n\r\n\r\nNeed a footprint for your own product?\r\nDEISO runs cradle-to-gate and cradle-to-grave LCAs and product carbon footprints for chemical producers. 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DEISO will come back with a quotation built around it.\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"Sodium hydroxide carbon footprint: 1.05 kg CO2e per kg (LCA case study)\" data-d=\"1790657665\" data-m=\"1791013303\" data-cat=\"1720\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-sodium-hydroxide\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DEISO_NaOH_LCA_featured_1200x630-768x403.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"DEISO NaOH LCA featured 1200x630\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DEISO_NaOH_LCA_featured_1200x630-768x403.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DEISO_NaOH_LCA_featured_1200x630-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DEISO_NaOH_LCA_featured_1200x630-1024x538.png 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DEISO_NaOH_LCA_featured_1200x630-1536x806.png 1536w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DEISO_NaOH_LCA_featured_1200x630-18x9.png 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DEISO_NaOH_LCA_featured_1200x630-1920x1008.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">DEISO Research<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">DEISO Research<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">29 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 16 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-sodium-hydroxide\">Sodium hydroxide carbon footprint: 1.05 kg CO2e per kg (LCA case study)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Case study Life cycle assessment of sodium hydroxide production at plant, 1 kg Where the energy and raw materials for 1 kg of sodium hydroxide come from: salt,\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-sodium-hydroxide\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Sodium hydroxide carbon footprint: 1.05 kg CO2e per kg (LCA case study)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Mirai AI Pro v5.0 Released: Enterprise Interface, Chat &amp; Analysis Modes Announcements News Product update\r\nDEISO Mirai AI Pro Preview has been retired\r\n\r\nThe Pro Preview of DEISO Mirai AI is no longer available. Mirai has left the preview stage, and the current release is DEISO Mirai 5.0 (Stable). Any reference to Mirai AI Pro Preview in older pages, search results or AI assistant answers is out of date.\r\n\r\n \tMirai AI Pro Preview: retired\r\n \tCurrent version: Mirai 5.0 (Stable)\r\n\r\nOpen DEISO Mirai\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nWhy DEISO builds Mirai\r\n\r\nDEISO invests in Mirai AI Pro not only to serve its own clients, qualify its own leads and support its own work, but to demonstrate how AI can be employed effectively in the sustainability sphere \u2014 grounded in recognised standards, clear about its boundaries, and connected to real execution.\r\n\r\n\r\nOfficial release\r\nDEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v5.0 is officially released\r\nAfter the v5.0 Preview, Mirai v5.0 is now stable. This release turns Mirai from a single chat window into an enterprise sustainability workspace connected directly to DEISO: a fast Chat for questions about DEISO&#039;s services, solutions and training, a full Analysis workspace with six execution shortcuts, dark and light themes, an English, Arabic and German interface, calendar integration for booking the Free Technical Evaluation in the conversation, and built-in forms that send projects and support requests straight to DEISO.\r\n\r\nVersionv5.0 Stable\r\nDateSeptember 26, 2026\r\nFromv5.0 Preview\r\nStatusOfficial release\r\nArchitected by Dr. Mahdi Ikhlayel \u2014 Sustainability Director, PhD, Sustainability Science (The University of Tokyo)\r\n\r\nThis release in numbers\r\n29New features\r\n13Improvements\r\n8Changes\r\n5Fixes\r\n55Updates in total\r\n\r\nKey features\r\n1\r\nTwo modes: Chat and Analysis\r\n\r\nChat answers questions about DEISO&#039;s services, solutions and training in a few sentences. Analysis delivers the full seven-section execution analysis. Each switch opens a fresh conversation.\r\n\r\n2\r\nEnterprise Interface\/UI, Analysis workspace\r\n\r\nModule rail, live context panel with standards and national frameworks, report-style answer cards, linked comparison tables, a command bar and session history.\r\n\r\n3\r\nSend your project to DEISO\r\n\r\nMirai prepares a project summary from the conversation and sends it to DEISO in one click, with the full conversation attached.\r\n\r\n4\r\nEmbedded human support\r\n\r\nRequest a DEISO specialist inside the conversation \u2014 name, email, request and message, with the conversation attached.\r\n\r\n5\r\nDark and light themes\r\n\r\nA sun and moon toggle in the toolbar. Dark is the default, built on the DEISO Design System, with no flash when loading.\r\n\r\n6\r\nEnglish, Arabic and German\r\n\r\nA language switch in the toolbar, a full Arabic interface with right-to-left layout and the new Tajawal Arabic font, and a full German interface.\r\n\r\n7\r\nCalendar integration\r\n\r\nBook the Free Technical Evaluation inside the conversation \u2014 from Book in Analysis, Book evaluation in Chat, or when Mirai offers it after a full analysis.\r\n\r\n8\r\nSix Analysis shortcuts\r\n\r\nAssess, Plan, Align, Train, Data and Review focus the analysis on your position, a phased roadmap, standards, training, data or submission readiness.\r\n\r\n9\r\nThe right DEISO page, every time\r\n\r\nThrough the integration with DEISO WP Pro, an always-current DEISO Page Directory lets Mirai link the most specific service, training or solution page.\r\n\r\n\r\nHow Mirai v5.0 works\r\n\r\n\r\nDEISO Mirai AI Pro v5.0 Stable \u2014 system architecture. Architected by Dr. Mahdi Ikhlayel.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nOpen full size\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDownload high resolution\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSee Mirai v5.0\r\nHome screen\r\nHome \u00b7 Dark \u2014 start in Chat or Analysis, with example questions and help.\r\nHome \u00b7 Light \u2014 the same home screen in light mode.\r\nChat mode\r\nChat \u00b7 Dark \u2014 short, direct answers with one relevant DEISO link.\r\nChat \u00b7 Light \u2014 the same conversation in light mode.\r\nAnalysis mode\r\nAnalysis \u00b7 Dark \u2014 full execution analysis with the live context panel.\r\nAnalysis \u00b7 Light \u2014 the same analysis in light mode.\r\nForms\r\nSend your project to DEISO \u2014 the summary is prepared automatically; the conversation is attached.\r\nHuman support \u2014 request a DEISO specialist without leaving the conversation.\r\n\r\nIn short: Mirai v5.0 now works both as a fast guide to DEISO&#039;s services and as a full sustainability execution workspace connected directly to DEISO \u2014 with six Analysis shortcuts, calendar integration, an English, Arabic and German interface, and precise links to DEISO&#039;s own service pages. The full list of changes is in the v5.0 Stable changelog below.\r\nOpen DEISO Mirai AI Pro\r\nRead the full v5.0 changelog\" data-s=\"DEISO Mirai AI Pro v5.0 Released: Enterprise Interface, Chat &amp; Analysis Modes\" data-d=\"1790417118\" data-m=\"1791013310\" data-cat=\"58,7\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-release\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-featured-768x403.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Mirai ai pro v5 0 featured\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-featured-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-featured-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-featured-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-featured-18x9.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-featured.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">26 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-release\">DEISO Mirai AI Pro v5.0 Released: Enterprise Interface, Chat &amp; Analysis Modes<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Product update DEISO Mirai AI Pro Preview has been retired The Pro Preview of DEISO Mirai AI is no longer available. Mirai has left the preview stage, and\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-release\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Mirai AI Pro v5.0 Released: Enterprise Interface, Chat &amp; Analysis Modes\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Announces DEISO LCC Pro: A New Professional LCC\/LCCA Software Announcements Product announcement\r\nDEISO announces DEISO LCC Pro, new professional software for LCC and LCCA\r\nA desktop application for life cycle costing, total cost of ownership, procurement evaluation, and lifecycle decision support \u2014 now in advanced development.\r\n\r\nDEISO LLC has announced DEISO LCC Pro, professional software for LCC and LCCA. The application is in advanced development, with the study modelling environment, canonical unit system, validation architecture, import and export framework, industry profiles, and a full professional Learning Centre already established.\r\n\r\nDetails of every capability, the complete edition comparison, and the development roadmap are on the DEISO LCC Pro product page.\r\n\r\nDevelopment status\r\n\r\nDEISO LCC Pro is not yet commercially released. The deterministic financial calculation engine and several enterprise capabilities remain on the published roadmap toward commercial release.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nWhy now\r\nThe gap this software was built to close\r\nLifecycle-cost work sits in an awkward place. At one end are spreadsheets, which every practitioner starts with and which break down the moment a study needs supplier comparison, evidence trails, assumption tracking, or review by someone who did not build it. At the other end are heavyweight simulation platforms that demand a full process or engineering model before any lifecycle economics can be examined at all.\r\n\r\nMost cost decisions do not need a simulation. They need a study that can be built quickly, checked properly, and defended months later.\r\n\r\nDEISO LCC Pro occupies that middle ground: rigorous enough for serious engineering and procurement analysis, without requiring the practitioner to become a simulation specialist first.\r\n\r\nWhere development stands\r\nWhat is already built\r\nThe announcement follows a substantial development phase. The following are established in the current build rather than planned:\r\n\r\n \tStudy Builder and modelling environment \u2014 structured studies covering assets, costs, suppliers, alternatives, assumptions, and evidence, with spreadsheet-style editing\r\n \tVisual Model \u2014 the study\u2019s structure made visible and kept synchronized with the underlying records\r\n \tCanonical unit system \u2014 measurement semantics treated as part of the model rather than free text\r\n \tImport and export architecture \u2014 Excel, CSV, and clipboard, with whole-study imports committed as one transaction or refused\r\n \tValidation Centre \u2014 model weaknesses surfaced before they reach a calculation or a decision\r\n \tLearning Centre \u2014 a full professional curriculum inside the application\r\n \tThirteen industry profiles \u2014 governing vocabulary, categories, validation rules, and defaults per sector\r\n\r\nEach is described in full on the product page.\r\nWhat comes next\r\nThe roadmap to commercial release\r\nThe largest remaining item is the deterministic financial calculation engine \u2014 lifecycle cash flows, discounting, escalation, replacements, residual value, NPV and NPC, EAC and EUAC, IRR, payback, sensitivity, and risk. Procurement and decision workflows, professional reporting, Teach Me calculation traces, and controlled AI assistance follow.\r\n\r\nOne architectural principle stays fixed: authoritative calculations remain deterministic.\r\n\r\nAI assists the practitioner. It does not become the mathematical source of truth.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nEditions\r\nThree editions, one of them free\r\nDEISO LCC Pro will ship as a single application with three editions controlled by entitlement rather than separate builds.\r\nBasic \u2014 free\r\nA free edition covering one study, one industry profile alongside General, and the full Learning Centre \u2014 enough to judge whether the modelling environment fits how a team works.\r\nProfessional and Enterprise\r\nPaid editions adding unlimited studies, all industry profiles, full import and export, and \u2014 at Enterprise \u2014 the Visual Model, scenarios, audit trail, and Teach Me calculation traces.\r\nThe full comparison, capability by capability, is on the product page.\r\nNext step\r\nPriority access is open\r\nOrganizations and professionals can register now for development updates, edition availability, and commercial launch information.\r\n\r\nJoin the priority access list \u2192\r\nVisit the product page \u2192\r\nPlease note\r\n\r\nRegistration creates no purchase obligation and does not guarantee pre-release access.\r\n\r\nDEISO LCC Pro\r\n\r\nProfessional software for LCC and LCCA\r\n\r\nDeveloped by DEISO LLC \u00a0\u00b7\u00a0 Product architecture by Dr. Mahdi Ikhlayel\r\n\r\n\u00a9 2026 DEISO LLC. All rights reserved.\" data-s=\"DEISO Announces DEISO LCC Pro: A New Professional LCC\/LCCA Software\" data-d=\"1786327019\" data-m=\"1791013316\" data-cat=\"58\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-lcc-pro-announcement\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/deiso-lcc-pro-tile-1024-white-768x768.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Deiso lcc pro tile 1024 white\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/deiso-lcc-pro-tile-1024-white-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/deiso-lcc-pro-tile-1024-white-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/deiso-lcc-pro-tile-1024-white-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/deiso-lcc-pro-tile-1024-white-560x560.png 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/deiso-lcc-pro-tile-1024-white-900x900.png 900w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/deiso-lcc-pro-tile-1024-white.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">10 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-lcc-pro-announcement\">DEISO Announces DEISO LCC Pro: A New Professional LCC\/LCCA Software<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Product announcement DEISO announces DEISO LCC Pro, new professional software for LCC and LCCA A desktop application for life cycle costing, total cost of ownership, procurement evaluation, and\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-lcc-pro-announcement\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Announces DEISO LCC Pro: A New Professional LCC\/LCCA Software\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Mirai AI Pro v5.0 Preview \u2014 Released June 1, 2026 Announcements Product announcement\r\n      Announcing DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v5.0 Preview \u2014 Released June 1, 2026\r\n        Release dateJune 1, 2026\r\n        Versionv5.0 Preview\r\n        TypePreview architectural release\r\n        StatusCurrent public development line\r\n      \r\n        Today, June 1, 2026, DEISO announces the release of DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v5.0 Preview \u2014 a preview architectural release that upgrades Mirai from an AI assistant into a full decision engine, introduces the Geo Sustainability Country Intelligence Engine covering 198 countries, and adds Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Vision 2030 support as the flagship country vision.\r\n      \r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n        Why this release matters\r\n        Mirai is now a decision engine\r\n        \r\n          v5.0 Preview marks the largest architectural upgrade in DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro&#039;s history. Where earlier versions delivered accurate sustainability guidance, v5.0 Preview delivers structured decisions \u2014 anchored in international standards, aware of where each user sits in their execution journey, and connected to DEISO&#039;s live execution pipeline.\r\n        \r\n        \r\n          The release introduces 20 named engines that govern behavior, a four-phase behavioral principle that shapes every response, a seven-section Advanced Response System for high-complexity queries, and a Geo Sustainability Country Intelligence Engine that maps applicable standards, regulations, and market-access requirements across 198 countries.\r\n        \r\n          &quot;With v5.0 Preview, Mirai stops answering questions and starts making decisions \u2014 anchored in the standards our clients are actually held to, aware of where they are in their sustainability journey, and connected to the DEISO execution pipeline that gets the work done.&quot;\r\n        Complete feature list\r\n        All 45 features in DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v5.0 Preview\r\n        \r\n          Below is the complete list of features shipping with v5.0 Preview, grouped by category. This represents a fundamental architectural shift in how Mirai processes, decides, and delivers sustainability guidance.\r\n        \r\n          1. Core behavioral architecture (6 features)\r\n          \r\n            Diagnose \u2192 Decide \u2192 Direct \u2192 Convert \u2014 locked four-phase behavioral principle. Every response follows this exact sequence.\r\n            Seven-Section Advanced Response System \u2014 Direct Answer \/ Integration Explanation Layer \/ Mirai Recommendation \/ Execution Paths \/ Comparison Table \/ Get Started \/ Follow-Up Question.\r\n            Response Compression Engine \u2014 scales output depth to input complexity. Simple (3 sentences) \/ Intermediate (2 paths) \/ Advanced (7 sections).\r\n            Mode Switching Logic \u2014 seamless transition between Simple, Advanced, Simple Lookup, and Human Support modes with no announcement.\r\n            Combined Input Detection \u2014 if a message contains multiple questions, every one is answered individually.\r\n            Tone Adaptation Engine \u2014 Simple queries get jargon-free guidance; Advanced queries get technical precision.\r\n          \r\n          2. Detection and classification engines (4 features)\r\n          \r\n            Execution-Stage Detection Engine \u2014 classifies every user into Structuring \/ Validation \/ Pre-Submission \/ Governance \/ Unclear.\r\n            Keyword Reinterpretation Engine \u2014 ambiguous verbs (reduce, optimize, improve) mapped to sustainability domains, but never forced if intent is clear.\r\n            Priority Hierarchy Engine \u2014 ranks recommendations by impact, entry friction, and conversion signal. Dominant service always first.\r\n            Human Support Escalation Engine \u2014 highest routing priority. Fires before all other logic when support-phrase intent is detected.\r\n          \r\n          3. Response composition engines (5 features)\r\n          \r\n            User Language Anchor Engine \u2014 every Direct Answer reuses at least one key phrase from user input.\r\n            Integration Explanation Layer \u2014 Before \/ During \/ After framework showing how the recommended service integrates into the user&#039;s workflow.\r\n            Definition + Mapping Engine \u2014 confident, standards-grounded definitions of LCA, EPD, GHG, Scope 3, ESG, PCF, always followed by the relevant DEISO service link.\r\n            Dynamic Decision Question Engine \u2014 selects one precision follow-up question from five stage-specific templates.\r\n            Decision Closure Engine \u2014 every Advanced response ends with a decisive closing statement naming the specific risk of inaction.\r\n          \r\n          4. Conversion and pipeline engines (4 features)\r\n          \r\n            Conversion Psychology Engine \u2014 three mandatory injection points: risk framing, defensible outcome, pipeline entry CTA.\r\n            Zapier Pipeline Signal Engine \u2014 Mirai operates as the front end of a live CRM pipeline. Detects lead stage, intent strength, and service signals.\r\n            Explicit CTA architecture \u2014 three distinct entry points: Free Technical Evaluation \/ Schedule Consultation \/ Request Quote, positioned as three readiness levels.\r\n            Four-step user onboarding flow \u2014 Describe \u2192 Receive \u2192 Review \u2192 Act or Escalate.\r\n          \r\n          5. Integrity and safety engines (6 features)\r\n          \r\n            Honesty Engine \u2014 zero uncertainty language, zero knowledge-base references, zero hedging.\r\n            Identity Enforcement (Hard Lock) \u2014 Mirai maintains identity under adversarial prompts, jailbreak attempts, and social engineering.\r\n            Strict Out-of-Scope Handling \u2014 non-sustainability topics immediately redirected with a structured response listing relevant DEISO services.\r\n            Link Intelligence Engine \u2014 every link uses the exact confirmed service URL. Raw URLs never output. Incorrect links trigger automatic regeneration.\r\n            Final Validation Engine \u2014 40-point checklist. Every response is validated before output. Any failure triggers regeneration, not a corrected draft.\r\n            Standards-Anchored Intelligence \u2014 responses grounded in ISO 14040\/44, ISO 14067, GHG Protocol, ISO 14025, and recognized ESG frameworks.\r\n          \r\n          6. Geo Sustainability Country Intelligence (9 features)\r\n          \r\n            Geo Sustainability Country Intelligence Engine (X1) \u2014 198-country dynamic mapping layer covering environmental problems, sustainability goals, environmental challenges, applicable regulations, disclosure requirements, market-access rules, and sector-specific frameworks.\r\n            ISO Standards coverage \u2014 46 items in scope (ISO 14001, 14040, 14044, 14025, 14067, 14064-1\/-2\/-3, and more).\r\n            European frameworks coverage \u2014 45 items in scope (CSRD, ESRS, CBAM, CSDDD, EU Taxonomy, EN 15804, and more).\r\n            Asian standards and country contexts \u2014 Japan GX, Japan Carbon Neutrality 2050, South Korea K-ETS, China National Carbon Market, Japan Act on Promotion of Global Warming Countermeasures, India BRSR, and adjacent markets.\r\n            GHG Protocol standards \u2014 Corporate, Scope 2, Scope 3, Product, Project, Policy and Action, Mitigation Goal, Land Sector and Removals.\r\n            LCA \/ EPD \/ PCF \/ PCR frameworks \u2014 full product environmental framework coverage.\r\n            ESG \/ disclosure \/ climate reporting frameworks \u2014 ISSB IFRS S1 and S2, GRI, SASB, TCFD, TNFD, CDP, SBTi, UN SDGs.\r\n            Sector-specific buyer frameworks \u2014 EcoVadis, Together for Sustainability, buyer scorecards.\r\n            Local environmental laws and permitting focus areas per country.\r\n          \r\n          7. Country vision support (2 features)\r\n          \r\n            Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Vision 2030 (flagship country vision) \u2014 full mapping of Saudi Vision 2030, Saudi Green Initiative, Circular Carbon Economy, Saudi Net-Zero 2060 Commitment, National Center for Environmental Compliance framework, Saudi environmental law and regulations, Saudi EIA and permitting context, Saudi Aramco \/ SABIC \/ energy-sector procurement context, and Saudi Giga-Project and PIF supply-chain context (NEOM, THE LINE, Oxagon, Red Sea Global, Qiddiya, ROSHN, Diriyah, New Murabba).\r\n            Other country visions \u2014 coming soon \u2014 UAE Net Zero by 2050, Qatar National Vision 2030, Oman Vision 2040, Egypt Vision 2030, Japan GX transition, Korea Carbon Neutrality 2050, and adjacent national visions.\r\n          \r\n          8. Product positioning and communication (6 features)\r\n          \r\n            Positioning as decision engine \u2014 not a chatbot, not a directory. Framed as intelligence gateway and front end of DEISO&#039;s live execution pipeline.\r\n            Six differentiator principles \u2014 Domain Lock \/ Decisional \/ Live Pipeline \/ Standards-Anchored \/ Context-Adaptive \/ Honest by Architecture.\r\n            Comparison table: General AI vs Mirai \u2014 eight capability dimensions.\r\n            Fifteen high-intelligence prompt patterns \u2014 curated user-education library.\r\n            Complex Client Problem worked example \u2014 full worked example applying all seven sections.\r\n            Explicit revenue transparency \u2014 DEISO earns revenue through Mirai, and transparently so.\r\n          \r\n          9. Product surfaces and performance (3 features)\r\n          \r\n            Mini Mode \u2014 product surface at dei.so\/ask-ai.\r\n            Full Screen Mode \u2014 product surface at mirai.dei.so.\r\n            Performance benchmarks published \u2014 98% Intelligence, 97% Accuracy, 98% Stability, 97% Execution Intelligence, 96% Conversion, 97% Overall.\r\n          \r\n        Availability\r\n        Availability and access\r\n        \r\n          DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v5.0 Preview is available now, as of June 1, 2026. Access is available through two named product surfaces:\r\n        \r\n        \r\n          Mini Mode at dei.so\/ask-ai \u2014 embedded assistant for quick sustainability guidance.\r\n          Full Screen Mode at mirai.dei.so \u2014 extended decision-support environment for complex sustainability queries.\r\n        \r\n        \r\n          Both surfaces run the same v5.0 Preview architecture. Use Mini Mode for embedded contextual guidance; use Full Screen Mode for detailed technical exchanges, comparative analysis, and multi-question sustainability queries.\r\n        \r\n        Try v5.0 Preview\r\n        Ask Mirai a sustainability question today\r\n        \r\n          Whether you&#039;re at the structuring stage, preparing for verification, or aligning with disclosure requirements \u2014 Mirai v5.0 Preview will map you to the right DEISO pathway.\r\n        \r\n          Ask Mirai (Full Screen) \u2192\r\n          Learn more about Mirai \u2192\" data-s=\"DEISO Mirai AI Pro v5.0 Preview \u2014 Released June 1, 2026\" data-d=\"1780650014\" data-m=\"1789240895\" data-cat=\"58\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-preview-released-june-1-2026\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"500\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Mirai_Logo_Trans.svg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Mirai Logo Trans\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">5 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 7 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-preview-released-june-1-2026\">DEISO Mirai AI Pro v5.0 Preview \u2014 Released June 1, 2026<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Product announcement Announcing DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v5.0 Preview \u2014 Released June 1, 2026 Release dateJune 1, 2026 Versionv5.0 Preview TypePreview architectural release StatusCurrent public development line Today,\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-mirai-ai-pro-v5-0-preview-released-june-1-2026\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Mirai AI Pro v5.0 Preview \u2014 Released June 1, 2026\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro \u2013 Enterprise AI Guidance for Sustainability Execution (Advances in Versions v4.1-v4.3) Announcements Product Update\n        DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro: From AI Chat to Structured Sustainability Execution Guidance\n        (Advances in Versions v4.1\u2013v4.3)\n        \n          DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro is an enterprise AI guidance interface built to help users navigate services, technical pathways, sustainability systems, and next-step decisions with greater speed, structure, and clarity across the DEISO ecosystem.\n        \n            What Mirai AI Pro is\n            \n              Mirai is not designed as a generic chatbot. It functions as an intelligent guidance layer that helps users define objectives, understand options, discover the correct DEISO pathway, and move more efficiently toward technical evaluation, consultation, or implementation.\n            \n            Why it matters\n            \n              Many users know the challenge they need to solve, but not the exact route to solve it. Mirai reduces that uncertainty by translating broad sustainability questions into structured and relevant execution directions.\n            \n        What DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro helps users do\n        \n          Organizations often begin with an issue, not a final scope. They may be dealing with Scope 3 uncertainty, EPD preparation, LCA modeling questions, compliance pressure, sustainability reporting requirements, digital system needs, or training alignment without knowing which action path is most suitable.\n        \n        \n          DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro is designed to create a stronger starting experience. Instead of forcing users to manually interpret multiple pages, services, systems, and routes, it guides them toward the most relevant DEISO pathway through structured AI-led interaction.\n        \n        \n          Clarify a business, technical, or project objective\n          Identify the right DEISO execution path or support route\n          Discover relevant services, digital systems, templates, or platforms\n          Navigate more quickly toward technical evaluation or formal engagement\n          Reduce ambiguity when projects involve multiple needs, countries, or regulatory contexts\n        \n          \n            In practical terms, Mirai serves as an intelligent entry layer for service discovery, execution mapping, solution recommendation, and next-step qualification across DEISO\u2019s broader ecosystem.\n          \n        Recent Development from v4.1 to v4.3\n        \n          The progression from version 4.1 to version 4.3 represents a significant product maturation. Over these releases, Mirai has advanced from a more controlled and conversion-oriented guidance system into a broader enterprise interface with stronger usability, improved support architecture, smarter routing behavior, integration readiness, and multilingual capability.\n        \n            v4.1\n            Structured response control and stronger execution-path discipline\n            v4.2\n            Contextual intelligence upgrade and improved access interface\n            v4.3\n            Support, API, UX, multilingual, and stability expansion\n            v4.1\n              A more structured execution-guidance layer\n              \n                Version 4.1 strengthened Mirai\u2019s operating boundaries, improved response architecture, formalized decision-path mapping, and created a more disciplined engagement flow. The system became more focused on DEISO pathways rather than generic AI-style interaction.\n              \n              \n                This release improved answer structure, option comparison logic, link discipline, and conversion-aware routing so users could move from question to relevant DEISO direction more clearly.\n              \n            v4.2\n              Contextual intelligence and better guided access\n              \n                Version 4.2 expanded Mirai\u2019s contextual intelligence by aligning user inputs more directly with real DEISO services, systems, and capability routes. It also introduced a more structured interface layer with clearer access to Home, Messages, and priority engagement pathways.\n              \n              \n                This upgrade made Mirai more useful for users who needed practical direction across services, digital systems, consultations, and technical pathways without arriving with a fully defined scope.\n              \n            v4.3\n              Enterprise usability, support expansion, and integration readiness\n              \n                Version 4.3 broadened Mirai\u2019s enterprise readiness by expanding multilingual usability, improving support escalation, strengthening responsive behavior, and increasing integration potential through webhook and API support.\n              \n              \n                The result is a more mature product experience with better response reliability, more robust support options, stronger platform connectivity, and improved guidance stability across both Mirai Mini and Mirai Full Screen.\n              \n        What changed most in the latest release cycle\n            Multilingual and accessibility improvements\n            \n              Mirai now supports Arabic with right-to-left rendering, improving accessibility for Arabic-speaking users and strengthening usability across a broader audience base.\n            \n            \n              Native Arabic support\n              RTL direction handling\n              Applied across Mirai Mini and Full Screen\n            \n            Human support escalation\n            \n              The product now supports a stronger escalation route by allowing users to request human support after initial interaction, helping bridge AI guidance and direct DEISO assistance more effectively.\n            \n            \n              Support request after early chat interactions\n              Stronger transition from guidance to support\n              Improved service continuity\n            \n            API and webhook readiness\n            \n              Mirai has progressed beyond a front-end guidance layer by becoming more integration-ready for external workflows, platforms, and connected DEISO digital environments.\n            \n            \n              Webhook support for automation logic\n              API capability for broader deployment scenarios\n              Stronger platform expansion potential\n            \n            Improved UX and response stability\n            \n              Mirai now delivers a more stable and polished experience through improved rendering behavior, adaptive interface sizing, better navigation consistency, and more controlled response logic.\n            \n            \n              Adaptive mini-interface height\n              More reliable clickable links\n              Cleaner response structure and consistency\n            \n        Typical use cases for DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro\n        \n          Mirai is particularly useful when users know the challenge but not the best next step. It is built to help narrow uncertainty, guide discovery, and accelerate movement toward practical engagement routes.\n        \n        \n          Exploring which DEISO service fits a sustainability or compliance challenge\n          Understanding the correct execution path for Scope 3, PCF, EPD, LCA, or ESG needs\n          Finding DEISO systems, templates, digital products, forms, and technical resources\n          Getting structured direction for multi-country, multi-sector, or multi-context projects\n          Starting technical evaluation before moving into a more formal DEISO engagement\n        \n        Why this development matters\n        \n          The recent evolution of DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro reflects a broader product direction: moving from simple conversational interaction toward a more structured, enterprise-aligned guidance system that supports discovery, qualification, routing, and engagement.\n        \n        \n          This matters because users increasingly need more than answers. They need context, decision support, navigation clarity, and a faster route toward the right sustainability execution pathway. Mirai is being developed to meet that need with greater control, stronger usability, and more practical business value.\n        \n\n  Service qualification\n  DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro\n  Describe your project objective, and Mirai will guide you to the right DEISO service.\n    Mirai responds only to inquiries related to DEISO sustainability review, advisory, digital solutions, and training programs.\n    Start Mirai guidance \u2192\n    Run Mirai in full screen \u2192\n    Documentation and changelog\n    The official DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro documentation and changelog is hosted on Mintlify for a clearer reading experience, available at miraidocs.deiso.app.\n    Open documentation and changelog \u2192 \u00a0\u00b7\u00a0 Mirai help \u2192\n    1Objective\n    \u2192\n    2Qualification\n    \u2192\n    3Service mapping\n    \u2192\n    4Execution\" data-s=\"DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro \u2013 Enterprise AI Guidance for Sustainability Execution (Advances in Versions v4.1-v4.3)\" data-d=\"1776662144\" data-m=\"1786281024\" data-cat=\"58\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-mirai-ai-pro-enterprise-ai-guidance-for-sustainability-execution-advances-in-versions-v4-1-v4-3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"665\" height=\"998\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DESIO_MIra_AI_Pro_V4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"DESIO MIra AI Pro V4\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DESIO_MIra_AI_Pro_V4.jpg 665w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DESIO_MIra_AI_Pro_V4-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">20 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 5 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-mirai-ai-pro-enterprise-ai-guidance-for-sustainability-execution-advances-in-versions-v4-1-v4-3\">DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro \u2013 Enterprise AI Guidance for Sustainability Execution (Advances in Versions v4.1-v4.3)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Product Update DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro: From AI Chat to Structured Sustainability Execution Guidance (Advances in Versions v4.1\u2013v4.3) DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro is an enterprise AI guidance interface\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-mirai-ai-pro-enterprise-ai-guidance-for-sustainability-execution-advances-in-versions-v4-1-v4-3\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro \u2013 Enterprise AI Guidance for Sustainability Execution (Advances in Versions v4.1-v4.3)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Rapid Sustainability Intelligence &amp; Data Review Services (48\u201372 Hours) | DEISO Announcements DEISO announcement\n    DEISO launches rapid sustainability data review services (48\u201372 hours)\n    A new portfolio of rapid expert review services covering Scope 3, PCF, EPD, supplier data, and LCA \u2014 built for technical execution and decision-ready output, not explanation.\n    Context\n    Why this launch matters\n    Many organizations have already invested in Scope 3 accounting, Product Carbon Footprint studies, Environmental Product Declarations, supplier data collection, and Life Cycle Assessment modelling. Yet in many cases the technical outputs remain difficult to trust, interpret, or act on without independent expert review.\n    The market often sees sustainability providers through the narrow lens of training. That view is incomplete. The more urgent need is not more explanation, but stronger execution \u2014 technical review, data quality assessment, methodological consistency, and faster decision support.\n      DEISO is strengthening its position as a technical sustainability execution company rather than a training provider, with expert-led review produced within 48\u201372 hours.\n    Positioning\n    From training perception to technical execution\n    Sustainability teams do not only need training. They need technical partners who can review completed work, identify weaknesses, test assumptions, interpret findings, and reduce risk before reporting, submission, procurement action, or external communication.\n    DEISO\u2019s new rapid review services are built for that purpose \u2014 helping organizations move from uncertain sustainability outputs to stronger, more reliable, more actionable results.\n    \n      Independent technical review rather than generic advisory discussion\n      Turnaround within 48\u201372 hours for urgent business and reporting needs\n      Clear identification of data quality issues, inconsistencies, and methodological risks\n      Actionable recommendations that support the next decision\n      Stronger readiness before reporting, verification, submission, or strategic use\" data-s=\"Rapid Sustainability Intelligence &amp; Data Review Services (48\u201372 Hours) | DEISO\" data-d=\"1776660360\" data-m=\"1786353705\" data-cat=\"58\" data-year=\"2026\"><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/rapid-sustainability-data-review-services\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DESIO_Rapid_Review_Services-768x512.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"DESIO Rapid Review Services\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DESIO_Rapid_Review_Services-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DESIO_Rapid_Review_Services-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DESIO_Rapid_Review_Services.png 998w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">20 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/rapid-sustainability-data-review-services\">Rapid Sustainability Intelligence &amp; Data Review Services (48\u201372 Hours) | DEISO<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">DEISO announcement DEISO launches rapid sustainability data review services (48\u201372 hours) A new portfolio of rapid expert review services covering Scope 3, PCF, EPD, supplier data, and LCA\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/rapid-sustainability-data-review-services\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Rapid Sustainability Intelligence &amp; Data Review Services (48\u201372 Hours) | DEISO\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v4.0: AI Guidance to Explore DEISO Services, Execution Paths, and Solutions Announcements DEISO AI guidance\n    What is DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro?\n    An AI guidance interface built to help users explore DEISO\u2019s services, execution paths, sustainability systems, and technical support routes with more speed and structure.\n    Positioning\n    Mirai is not a generic chatbot\n    Mirai is an enterprise AI guidance layer for DEISO. Its role is not to act as a general-purpose assistant. It helps users frame project objectives, clarify sustainability challenges, identify the right service direction, and move toward the relevant DEISO execution pathway.\n    That covers technical execution, advisory direction, regulatory alignment needs, sustainability systems, digital products, training alignment, and project qualification.\n\n    Why it matters\n    A better starting point\n    Mirai improves the first few minutes. Rather than leaving a visitor to interpret the DEISO ecosystem on their own, it offers a structured guidance layer that moves them from uncertainty to direction \u2014 changing how they explore DEISO, how they identify relevant services, and how they decide what to do next.\n      In practice, Mirai is an intelligent starting point for service discovery, solution mapping, and next-step qualification across the DEISO ecosystem.\n    Access\n    Try Mirai\n    Describe your objective and Mirai will point you toward the right DEISO service or execution route.\n      Ask Mirai \u2192\n      How Mirai works \u2192\n\n    Capability\n    What Mirai helps users do\n        Start with an objective\n        Describe a challenge, requirement, project goal, or internal need and receive structured DEISO guidance in return.\n        Identify execution paths\n        Mirai maps the stated need to the relevant DEISO execution routes \u2014 project execution, review, regulatory alignment, and systems pathways.\n        Find services and systems\n        It surfaces the right DEISO services, digital products, and solution architecture based on the context you give it.\n        Navigate DEISO faster\n        It also works as a search and navigation layer, returning direct paths to pages, platforms, forms, and resources.\n    The gap it closes\n    How Mirai supports client exploration\n    Most users do not arrive with a finalized scope. They may know they need help with Scope 3, EPDs, LCA, CSRD, technical review, digital systems, sustainability reporting, or internal capacity \u2014 without yet knowing which execution route fits.\n    Describing the objective in business language, technical language, or project language returns structured guidance that narrows the uncertainty and points toward the correct service path, system pathway, or evaluation route.\n    Use cases\n    Typical use cases\n    \n      Exploring which DEISO service fits a sustainability challenge or project requirement\n      Understanding the execution route for Scope 3, PCF, EPD, LCA, ESG, or regulatory alignment needs\n      Finding DEISO tools, digital systems, templates, training pages, and technical platforms\n      Getting structured direction where a project spans multiple countries, sectors, or regulatory contexts\n      Moving from an initial question toward a scoped DEISO engagement\n    \n\n    Access\n    Access DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro\n    Start with Mirai to explore DEISO services, identify the right execution path, navigate DEISO systems, and receive structured guidance for your sustainability objective or technical requirement.\n      \n        \n          \n        \n        Access Mirai Mini \u2192\n      \n      \n        \n          \n        \n        Access Mirai in full screen \u2192\n      \n      \n        \n          \n          \n          \n        \n        Access Mirai help \u2192\n      \n      Now running v4.0\n      Improvements across execution guidance, AI-supported service discovery, and structured sustainability guidance.\n      \n        \n          \n          \n        \n        View the v4.0 changelog\" data-s=\"DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v4.0: AI Guidance to Explore DEISO Services, Execution Paths, and Solutions\" data-d=\"1776343973\" data-m=\"1786353691\" data-cat=\"58\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-mirai-ai-pro-v4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"500\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DEISO_MIrai_AI_Logo2.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"DEISO MIrai AI Logo2\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DEISO_MIrai_AI_Logo2.png 500w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DEISO_MIrai_AI_Logo2-300x210.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">16 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-mirai-ai-pro-v4\">DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v4.0: AI Guidance to Explore DEISO Services, Execution Paths, and Solutions<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">DEISO AI guidance What is DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro? An AI guidance interface built to help users explore DEISO\u2019s services, execution paths, sustainability systems, and technical support routes\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-mirai-ai-pro-v4\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v4.0: AI Guidance to Explore DEISO Services, Execution Paths, and Solutions\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Senior Sustainability Technical Auditor &amp; Compliance Readiness Specialist | DEISO Careers  Career opportunity\n    Global execution and validation network\n  Senior Sustainability Technical Auditor and Compliance Readiness Specialist\n      Application deadline\n      June 20, 2026\n      Job ID\n      DSJ04162649\n      Company\n      DEISO LLC\n      Language requirement\n      Business-level Japanese\n  DEISO is seeking a senior-level professional to support the technical audit, execution review, compliance readiness, and pre-submission quality strengthening of sustainability work produced under real project conditions. The role is built for applicants who can assess technical outputs with rigour, identify risks before submission, and strengthen the execution quality of work intended for external review, internal decision-making, or regulatory alignment.\n    Overview\n    Job overview\n    This role contributes directly to DEISO\u2019s position as an execution company focused on technically defensible work, independent expert review, and execution-oriented readiness support. It is not generic consulting, general advisory work, or certification activity. It centres on structured technical audit, pre-submission assessment, methodological consistency review, and strengthening execution quality before external use, disclosure, or verification-related processes.\n    The selected professional will assess whether technical sustainability outputs are sufficiently organized, internally coherent, reviewable, and ready for responsible downstream use \u2014 identifying execution risks, technical weaknesses, data limitations, methodological inconsistencies, and readiness gaps that affect quality.\n    Through that work, the role supports how DEISO executes complex sustainability projects, improves technical strength, and reinforces the professional discipline required for high-quality execution and review under enterprise conditions.\n    Responsibilities\n    Key responsibilities\n    \n      Perform structured technical audit and expert review of sustainability outputs to strengthen execution quality, consistency, and readiness.\n      Identify methodological issues, data gaps, internal inconsistencies, and technical weaknesses affecting pre-submission readiness or downstream confidence.\n      Assess whether completed work is organized and documented in a way that supports reviewability, traceability, and professional execution standards.\n      Contribute to pre-submission readiness reviews that improve the quality of technical outputs before external assessment or client-facing use.\n      Prepare clear findings, structured audit observations, and expert recommendations that improve execution strength and reduce avoidable technical risk.\n      Support the development of review logic and technical audit approaches aligned with DEISO\u2019s execution-led model.\n      Work closely with technical experts to strengthen the pathway from completed analysis to review-ready, decision-ready outputs.\n    \n    Requirements\n    Candidate requirements\n    \n      A strong professional background in technical audit, independent review, compliance readiness support, sustainability quality assurance, or a closely related field.\n      Demonstrated ability to assess technical outputs critically and improve their suitability for structured execution and professional review.\n      Strong judgment in identifying methodological inconsistencies, data integrity concerns, technical weaknesses, and execution-related risks.\n      Ability to work within an expert-led environment where high-quality execution, structured review, and technical discipline are central.\n      Business-level Japanese language capability is required across written, oral, and spoken communication.\n      High standard of professional writing, analytical clarity, and evidence-based communication.\n      Ability to operate with precision, maturity, and discretion in a company serving global clients through technical execution and expert-led review.\n    \n    Preferred\n    Preferred skills\n    \n      Experience in technical review, readiness support, pre-submission assessment, quality control, or structured expert evaluation of sustainability outputs.\n      Ability to convert technical observations into clear, professionally usable findings that improve execution confidence.\n      Strong understanding of how technical documentation, review logic, and methodological discipline shape enterprise-level execution.\n      Comfort working across expert, technical, and client-facing contexts while preserving neutrality, rigour, and clarity.\n      Experience in environments where audit insight improves technical strength, risk visibility, and execution readiness.\n    \n    Context\n    Why this role matters at DEISO\n    DEISO supports clients through execution, technical strengthening, and structured review \u2014 not through advisory messaging alone. This role reinforces DEISO\u2019s ability to examine technical work carefully, improve its readiness, and make execution outputs more defensible before external or internal use.\n    The position supports DEISO\u2019s identity as an execution company that values audit discipline, technical accountability, methodological clarity, and review-ready output. It protects quality while strengthening the trustworthiness and professional readiness of sustainability work.\n    How to apply\n    Application procedure\n    Applicants who wish to be considered are invited to submit the required materials by email.\n      \n        Send your CV to jobs@dei.so\n        Include a cover letter tailored to this position\n        Put the job title and Job ID: DSJ04162649 in the email subject line\n        Application deadline: June 20, 2026\n      \n      Important notice\n      Only matching applicants will be shortlisted for interview. Only shortlisted applicants will be contacted by email.\" data-s=\"Senior Sustainability Technical Auditor &amp; Compliance Readiness Specialist | DEISO Careers\" data-d=\"1776314421\" data-m=\"1786353795\" data-cat=\"\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/senior-sustainability-technical-auditor-compliance-readiness-specialist-deiso\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Technical-Auditor-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Senior_Sustainability_Technical Auditor\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Technical-Auditor-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Technical-Auditor-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Technical-Auditor-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Technical-Auditor-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Technical-Auditor.jpg 815w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-date\">16 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/senior-sustainability-technical-auditor-compliance-readiness-specialist-deiso\">Senior Sustainability Technical Auditor &amp; Compliance Readiness Specialist | DEISO Careers<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Career opportunity Global execution and validation network Senior Sustainability Technical Auditor and Compliance Readiness Specialist Application deadline June 20, 2026 Job ID DSJ04162649 Company DEISO LLC Language requirement\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/senior-sustainability-technical-auditor-compliance-readiness-specialist-deiso\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Senior Sustainability Technical Auditor &amp; Compliance Readiness Specialist | DEISO Careers\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Senior Sustainability Systems &amp; Digital Intelligence Architect | Careers at DEISO Announcements Jobs Career opportunity\n    Global execution and validation network\n  Senior Sustainability Systems and Digital Architecture Specialist\n      Application deadline\n      June 20, 2026\n      Job ID\n      DSJ04162624\n      Company\n      DEISO LLC\n      Language requirement\n      Business-level Japanese\n  DEISO is seeking a senior-level professional to help design and strengthen the execution environment around complex sustainability work \u2014 at the intersection of systems architecture, structured execution, and expert-led technical work. The role suits applicants who can turn technical sustainability outputs into organized, decision-ready environments that support execution, validation, regulatory alignment, and client-facing work under real project conditions.\n    Overview\n    Job overview\n    This position supports DEISO\u2019s development as an execution company producing advanced sustainability systems, technical execution structures, and expert-led digital environments. It is not built around generic advisory activity or broad consulting language. It centres on the structured design of systems that make sustainability outputs more usable, reviewable, actionable, and ready for enterprise decision-making.\n    The selected professional will contribute to the architecture of internal and client-facing environments that translate technical outputs into clear execution pathways \u2014 structured result environments, expert-guided decision layers, analysis workflows, system logic for execution support, and the digital organization of technical outputs across DEISO\u2019s work.\n    The role therefore shapes how DEISO executes complex work, structures technical outputs, improves execution visibility, and strengthens quality through systems thinking and organized design.\n    Responsibilities\n    Key responsibilities\n    \n      Design and improve sustainability-related digital structures that support execution, validation, review, and client-facing work.\n      Translate complex technical outputs into clear, usable, decision-ready environments that strengthen execution quality and reduce interpretive friction.\n      Support the architecture of structured analysis systems that organize outputs for enterprise use, follow-up action, and execution visibility.\n      Contribute to the design of digital layers that turn completed technical work into actionable material for clients.\n      Work closely with expert-led workflows so system architecture reflects real execution conditions rather than theoretical platform concepts.\n      Help define how execution data, technical findings, review outputs, and structured insights are organized into secure, professionally presented environments.\n      Strengthen the internal logic and usability of the systems behind DEISO\u2019s execution model.\n    \n    Requirements\n    Candidate requirements\n    \n      A strong professional background in systems design, digital architecture, technical data structuring, or a closely related field.\n      Demonstrated ability to build or improve organized digital structures that support real execution, not only conceptual analysis.\n      Strong understanding of how technical outputs must be structured for usability, traceability, reviewability, and decision support in enterprise settings.\n      Ability to work within an expert-led organization focused on quality, technical strength, and execution-oriented system design.\n      Business-level Japanese language capability is required across written, oral, and spoken communication.\n      High level of professional writing ability, analytical clarity, and disciplined communication.\n      Ability to operate with maturity, discretion, structure, and precision in a professional environment serving global clients.\n    \n    Preferred\n    Preferred skills\n    \n      Experience in digital workflow design, client-facing information environments, structured dashboards, or expert-facing information architecture.\n      Ability to organize complex information into executive-friendly and technically coherent structures.\n      Strong systems thinking, with an understanding of how technical work moves from data and analysis into execution support and client action.\n      Comfort working across expert, technical, and client-facing contexts while preserving clarity and professional rigour.\n      Experience in environments where digital structure improves confidence, technical readability, and operational execution.\n    \n    Context\n    Why this role matters at DEISO\n    DEISO is building an enterprise execution environment where sustainability work is not only completed but turned into organized material that supports review, action, and communication. This role reinforces that direction by strengthening the digital and structural layer around execution.\n    The position supports DEISO\u2019s identity as an execution company that produces meaningful sustainability outputs under real project conditions \u2014 focused on high-value execution support, professional system structure, and design that improves how technical work is understood and used.\n    How to apply\n    Application procedure\n    Applicants who wish to be considered are invited to submit the required materials by email.\n      \n        Send your CV to jobs@dei.so\n        Include a cover letter tailored to this position\n        Put the job title and Job ID: DSJ04162624 in the email subject line\n        Application deadline: June 20, 2026\n      \n      Important notice\n      Only matching applicants will be shortlisted for interview. Only shortlisted applicants will be contacted by email.\" data-s=\"Senior Sustainability Systems &amp; Digital Intelligence Architect | Careers at DEISO\" data-d=\"1776312902\" data-m=\"1786354001\" data-cat=\"58,5\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/senior-sustainability-systems-digital-intelligence-architect\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Systems-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Senior Sustainability Systems\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Systems-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Systems-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Systems-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Systems-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Senior_Sustainability_Systems.jpg 815w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">16 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/senior-sustainability-systems-digital-intelligence-architect\">Senior Sustainability Systems &amp; Digital Intelligence Architect | Careers at DEISO<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Career opportunity Global execution and validation network Senior Sustainability Systems and Digital Architecture Specialist Application deadline June 20, 2026 Job ID DSJ04162624 Company DEISO LLC Language requirement Business-level\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/senior-sustainability-systems-digital-intelligence-architect\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Senior Sustainability Systems &amp; Digital Intelligence Architect | Careers at DEISO\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Top EPD Verification Mistakes and How to Avoid Them Before Submission Blog Posts Technical guide\n    15 EPD mistakes that delay verification, trigger corrections, and weaken submission quality\n    Environmental Product Declarations rarely run into verification problems because the framework is unclear. In most cases the problem is execution \u2014 weak modelling logic, incomplete documentation, inconsistent interpretation of PCR requirements, and poor data governance.\n    What follows is a structured list of 15 critical mistakes that undermine EPD submissions, each with practical guidance on avoiding it before the verifier finds it for you.\n    Mistakes 1\u20134\n    Results, rules, documentation, and boundaries\n      1\n        Impact result tables contain errors or omissions\n        Submitting tables with missing indicators, incorrect values, formatting inconsistencies, or results that do not match the final LCA model raises immediate concern \u2014 the published declaration is expected to reflect the verified model exactly.\n          How to avoid it\n          Reconcile every reported indicator against the final model export, check required indicators against the applicable PCR and EN 15804, and run a table-by-table technical check before submission.\n      2\n        PCR or c-PCR requirements are interpreted incorrectly\n        Many developers move into modelling before translating the PCR into operational modelling rules, then apply the wrong scope, declared unit, impact reporting structure, or scenario requirements.\n          How to avoid it\n          Build a PCR conformance checklist before any modelling begins, covering scope, modules, data quality, scenarios, and reporting format. Treat the PCR as a technical instruction document, not background reading.\n      3\n        Background report documentation is incomplete or ambiguous\n        Even where the model is broadly acceptable, weak documentation creates verification friction. If assumptions, exclusions, data sources, conversion rules, and methodological choices are not clearly documented, the verifier cannot trace how results were produced.\n          How to avoid it\n          The background report should explain the modelling logic transparently and traceably. Every major assumption needs to be explicit, justified, and tied to primary data, secondary sources, or PCR rules.\n      4\n        System boundaries and life cycle modules are defined incorrectly\n        Inaccurate treatment of A1\u2013A3, A4\u2013A5, B stages, C1\u2013C4, or module D is a frequent failure point. Some submissions exclude required stages, include non-permitted ones, or describe the scope differently in different parts of the report.\n          How to avoid it\n          Map the system boundary visually and textually before modelling. Confirm the required modules from the PCR, then align the model, background report, and EPD document so all three describe the same boundary.\n\n  Mistakes 5\u20139\n  Impact assessment, scenarios, and data\n    5\n      LCIA calculations contain mistakes, or required impact categories are missing\n      Using the wrong characterisation method, omitting mandatory categories, or mixing incompatible indicator sets creates a serious conformance problem. These errors usually come from reused templates or accepted software defaults.\n        How to avoid it\n        Lock the impact assessment method at project start, check it against the PCR and programme operator requirements, and confirm every mandatory indicator appears in the final output set.\n    6\n      End-of-life scenarios are oversimplified or unrealistic\n      C1\u2013C4 modelling becomes a weak point when developers apply generic disposal assumptions, unrealistic landfill or recycling rates, or poorly justified waste treatment routes.\n        How to avoid it\n        Use regionally relevant waste treatment assumptions where possible, justify every end-of-life pathway, and document how the scenario choices reflect actual or representative practice for the product category.\n    7\n      Data sources, database versions, and data quality are not reported properly\n      Unclear data lineage is one of the most frequently flagged issues. Developers fail to distinguish primary from secondary data, omit database version information, or provide no meaningful data quality discussion.\n        How to avoid it\n        Declare every database and version used, identify which data are primary and which secondary, and include a structured data quality assessment covering representativeness, completeness, consistency, and temporal relevance.\n    8\n      Electricity mix selection and energy modelling are incorrect\n      Electricity is usually a high-influence input. The wrong grid mix, non-representative datasets, or inconsistent electricity assumptions across processes can materially distort results.\n        How to avoid it\n        Use location-specific electricity data aligned with the manufacturing context and the PCR. Apply the same logic consistently across the model and state clearly whether the energy source is measured, contracted, or generic.\n    9\n      Life cycle scenarios and technical assumptions are poorly justified\n      Assumptions on service life, maintenance, replacement, installation losses, or use-stage behaviour are often inserted casually. Weak or unverifiable assumptions leave the whole submission exposed.\n        How to avoid it\n        Base technical assumptions on product documentation, engineering input, industry references, or client records. Avoid placeholders, and check that every scenario in the model can be defended during verification.\n\n  Mistakes 10\u201315\n  Transport, units, allocation, and internal consistency\n    10\n      Transport distances, modes, and fuel assumptions are modelled poorly\n      A2 and A4 are frequently underestimated or generalized \u2014 arbitrary distances, unrealistic logistics chains, or inappropriate vehicle datasets weaken both result quality and credibility.\n        How to avoid it\n        Use actual logistics data wherever possible. Where estimates are necessary, document the basis clearly: transport mode, load assumptions, backhaul treatment, and fuel or emission factors.\n    11\n      The functional or declared unit is inconsistent across the submission\n      The unit used in the model, described in the report, and displayed in the EPD table do not always match. Even small inconsistencies invalidate interpretation and comparability.\n        How to avoid it\n        Define the declared or functional unit at project start and lock it across the model, report text, calculation sheets, and final EPD layout. Review every unit reference before submission.\n    12\n      Allocation rules are applied incorrectly in multi-output systems\n      Allocation remains one of the more technically sensitive issues in LCA and EPD work. Problems arise when co-products, scrap flows, recycled inputs, or shared utilities are divided using weak or unjustified methods.\n        How to avoid it\n        Follow the hierarchy in ISO 14044 and the PCR. Where allocation is unavoidable, justify the chosen basis clearly and show the rule is applied consistently across the whole model.\n    13\n      Cut-off criteria are applied inconsistently or without evidence\n      Some developers exclude flows too aggressively; others state cut-off criteria in the report but never apply them systematically in the model. Either way, stated methodology and actual execution diverge.\n        How to avoid it\n        Define cut-off rules before modelling, apply them consistently, and document which flows were excluded and why. Avoid vague statements such as \u201cminor inputs were neglected\u201d with no technical justification.\n    14\n      The LCA model and the final EPD report do not fully match\n      A common operational failure. During editing, revisions are made to the model or the report but not both, leaving inconsistencies in numbers, assumptions, modules, or text between the technical files and the submission package.\n        How to avoid it\n        Run a full model-to-report reconciliation as the final quality control step. One responsible reviewer should confirm the model, background report, EPD layout, and annexes all reflect the same final version.\n    15\n      No independent pre-submission review is carried out\n      Many developers submit straight to verification without independent technical review \u2014 which means structural errors, documentation gaps, inconsistent assumptions, and reporting weaknesses are first found by the verifier rather than resolved internally.\n        How to avoid it\n        Build a formal pre-submission review step into the process. Independent technical review before verification identifies methodological weaknesses, improves submission quality, reduces revision cycles, and protects credibility.\n\n  \n        \n          \n          \n          \n          \n        \n      EPD services\n    End-to-end Environmental Product Declaration development aligned with ISO and EN standards.\n    Explore service \u2192\n  \n        \n          \n          \n        \n      EPD pre-submission audit\n    Independent technical review to confirm your EPD is review-ready before submission.\n    Explore service \u2192\n  \n        \n          \n          \n          \n        \n      EPD training programs\n    Professional training to build internal capability in EPD development and LCA workflows.\n    Explore training \u2192\n  \n        \n          \n          \n          \n          \n        \n      EPD data framework\n    Structured data collection system covering A1\u2013D modules for review-ready workflows.\n    Explore framework \u2192\n  \n        \n          \n          \n          \n        \n      Request a quotation\n    Get a tailored quotation aligned with your EPD scope and timeline.\n    Request a quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"Top EPD Verification Mistakes and How to Avoid Them Before Submission\" data-d=\"1775362226\" data-m=\"1786354167\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/epd-verification-mistakes-how-to-avoid\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"665\" height=\"998\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/EPD_Mistakes_DEISO.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"EPD Mistakes DEISO\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/EPD_Mistakes_DEISO.jpg 665w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/EPD_Mistakes_DEISO-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">5 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 7 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/epd-verification-mistakes-how-to-avoid\">Top EPD Verification Mistakes and How to Avoid Them Before Submission<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Technical guide 15 EPD mistakes that delay verification, trigger corrections, and weaken submission quality Environmental Product Declarations rarely run into verification problems because the framework is unclear. In\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/epd-verification-mistakes-how-to-avoid\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Top EPD Verification Mistakes and How to Avoid Them Before Submission\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Agri &amp; Industrial LCI Database | Literature-Based Emission Factors for LCA, PCF &amp; Scope 3 Blog Posts Database\n    Product coverage, data philosophy, and practical use\n    A literature-based database built to capture the full set of available emission factors and inventory datapoints across agriculture and industrial systems.\n    The DEISO Agri &amp; Industrial LCI Database supplies structured coverage across a defined set of products drawn from scientific literature, including emission factors and full inventory datapoints.\n    Coverage\n    What the database currently includes\n        Agriculture and crops\n        \n          Rice, corn, sugarcane, sugar beet\n          Tomato, cucumber\n          Cacao, coffee, tea\n          Palm oil\n        \n        Livestock and animal products\n        \n          Beef, pork, chicken, lamb\n          Milk, cheese, meat products\n        \n        Food and beverage processing\n        \n          Beer production\n          Chocolate\n          Processed and canned food systems\n        \n        Industrial and materials\n        \n          Aluminium, nickel, copper, gold\n          Lithium, iron ore, chromium, cobalt\n        \n\n    Database\n    Explore the DEISO Agri &amp; Industrial LCI Database\n      Explore the database \u2192\" data-s=\"DEISO Agri &amp; Industrial LCI Database | Literature-Based Emission Factors for LCA, PCF &amp; Scope 3\" data-d=\"1774588516\" data-m=\"1786354329\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-agri-industrial-lci-database-literature-based-emission-factors\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"351\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/DEISO_Agri__Industrial_LCI_Database_Logo-768x351.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"DEISO Agri &amp; Industrial LCI Database Logo\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/DEISO_Agri__Industrial_LCI_Database_Logo-768x351.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/DEISO_Agri__Industrial_LCI_Database_Logo-300x137.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/DEISO_Agri__Industrial_LCI_Database_Logo-1024x468.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/DEISO_Agri__Industrial_LCI_Database_Logo.jpg 1250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">27 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-agri-industrial-lci-database-literature-based-emission-factors\">DEISO Agri &amp; Industrial LCI Database | Literature-Based Emission Factors for LCA, PCF &amp; Scope 3<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Database Product coverage, data philosophy, and practical use A literature-based database built to capture the full set of available emission factors and inventory datapoints across agriculture and industrial\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-agri-industrial-lci-database-literature-based-emission-factors\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Agri &amp; Industrial LCI Database | Literature-Based Emission Factors for LCA, PCF &amp; Scope 3\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Why AI Cannot Replace Training Programs | Expert Insight by DEISO Blog Posts Perspective\n    Why AI cannot replace professional training programs\n    A strategic view for organizations and technical experts.\n    Artificial intelligence is changing how professionals reach information. AI tools explain concepts, summarize standards, and answer questions instantly. Alongside that, a misconception has taken hold in the market: that AI can replace structured professional training programs.\n    For organizations working in sustainability, engineering, ESG, and environmental management, that assumption is not just incorrect \u2014 it carries strategic risk.\n    What follows sets out, with worked examples, why AI cannot substitute for professional training, and what organizations relying on AI alone tend to encounter: capability gaps, regulatory exposure, and operational inefficiency.\n    Reason 1\n    Training transfers structured skill; AI supplies fragments\n      1\n        What happens in real training\n        Professional programs transfer structured, sequential skill \u2014 from foundational understanding through to advanced application. Trainers move learners along a logical progression that builds competence step by step.\n        Where AI falls short\n        AI answers on demand, but it does not design or hold a learning pathway. What results is fragmented knowledge without real capability.\n        Worked example\n        An environmental engineer learning LCA modelling through AI may grasp terms like functional unit or system boundaries, and still be unable to:\n        \n          Structure a complete product system\n          Link foreground and background datasets correctly\n          Interpret results against ISO 14040\/44\n        \n        A structured program takes the same engineer to the point of building and completing a full LCA study independently.\n    Reason 2\n    Knowledge transfer needs context; AI lacks practical interpretation\n      2\n        What happens in real training\n        Expert trainers do not only convey knowledge \u2014 they translate it into real-world context, shaped to the industry, the regulations, and the business objective in front of them.\n        Where AI falls short\n        AI has no situational awareness of:\n        \n          Industry-specific constraints\n          Client expectations\n          Regulatory nuance\n          Data limitations in live projects\n        \n        Worked example\n        A company preparing an Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) may use AI to understand EN 15804 requirements, and still:\n        \n          Misread the system boundary \u2014 A1\u2013A3 against A1\u2013A5\n          Apply the wrong allocation rules\n          Fail pre-verification checks\n        \n        A trained professional avoids those costly errors through guided interpretation and applied practice.\n\n  \n    Explore training programs\n    Explore DEISO\u2019s full training portfolio and identify the program that aligns with your goals, experience level, and technical requirements.\n    Explore programs \u2192\n  \n    Training case studies\n    Explore real-world training engagements run by DEISO, showing how professionals and organizations build practical, review-ready sustainability capabilities.\n    View case studies \u2192\n  \n    Ask AI about a training program\n    Get instant guidance and explore specific training programs by chatting directly with the DEISO AI assistant.\n    Ask DEISO AI \u2192\n  \n    Why DEISO training\n    Understand why organizations choose DEISO for expert-led, practical training programs run worldwide.\n    Why DEISO training \u2192\n  \n    What makes DEISO training premium?\n    Discover DEISO\u2019s premium engagement model, advanced training methods, and globally trusted expertise.\n    Discover premium training \u2192\n  \n    Training FAQ\n    Review key details about formats, scheduling, certification, and program structure.\n    View FAQ \u2192\n  \n    Request a training quotation\n    Ready to proceed? Request a quotation tailored to your selected training program and format.\n    Request a quotation \u2192\n  \n    Not sure where to start?\n    Tell us your objective, team level, and timeline \u2014 go.dei.so points you to the right program or scopes the work directly.\n    Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Why AI Cannot Replace Training Programs | Expert Insight by DEISO\" data-d=\"1774486094\" data-m=\"1786354418\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-ai-cannot-replace-training-programs\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Real_Training_Vs_AI-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Real Training Vs AI\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Real_Training_Vs_AI-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Real_Training_Vs_AI-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Real_Training_Vs_AI.jpg 998w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">26 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-ai-cannot-replace-training-programs\">Why AI Cannot Replace Training Programs | Expert Insight by DEISO<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Perspective Why AI cannot replace professional training programs A strategic view for organizations and technical experts. Artificial intelligence is changing how professionals reach information. AI tools explain concepts,\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-ai-cannot-replace-training-programs\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Why AI Cannot Replace Training Programs | Expert Insight by DEISO\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) for Funded Academic Projects Announcements New service\n    Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA)\n    Integrated environmental, social, and economic analysis for funded academic projects.\n    Most sustainability studies still operate in silos. Environmental impact is assessed separately. Social risks are treated independently. Economic analysis sits disconnected from both. That fragmentation limits what research outcomes can actually support.\n      Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment resolves this \u2014 not by running three studies in parallel, but by treating them as one analytical system.\n    The framework\n    Three dimensions, one model\n    DEISO now supports LCSA for funded academic and research-driven projects through an integrated, openLCA-based framework combining:\n    \n      Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) \u2014 environmental impact across the full system\n      Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) \u2014 stakeholder risk, social hotspots, and supply chain exposure\n      Life Cycle Costing (LCC) \u2014 economic performance and cost structures across the life cycle\n    \n    The three are modelled inside a shared structure, so a change in one dimension is visible in the others rather than requiring three separate reconciliations.\n\n    Academic context\n    Why LCSA matters for funded research\n    Funded research now requires more than environmental metrics. Projects are expected to demonstrate interdisciplinary relevance, societal impact, economic feasibility, and value for policy and decision-making.\n    LCSA provides a defensible, research-grade framework that meets those expectations directly, supporting:\n    \n      Stronger grant positioning\n      Publication-ready outputs\n      Cross-disciplinary integration\n      Real-world decision relevance\n    \n    Technical foundation\n    Built on the openLCA ecosystem\n    The work runs inside an openLCA modelling environment, which allows full integration of:\n    \n      Environmental datasets such as ecoinvent\n      Social assessment databases, including social hotspot data\n      Cost modelling within the same analytical structure\n    \n      The result is a coherent, reproducible, and scalable research workflow \u2014 one model a reviewer can follow end to end rather than three that have to be cross-checked.\n    Engagement\n    Three engagement models\n        1\n          Full project execution\n          End-to-end execution of LCSA studies aligned with research objectives and funding requirements.\n        2\n          Technical consultation\n          Methodology design, testing, and technical review for academic teams conducting the research internally.\n        3\n          Training and capacity building\n          Structured programs that build institutional capability in LCA, S-LCA, LCC, and integrated LCSA workflows.\n\n    Who it is for\n    Built for research teams\n    \n      Funded academic research projects\n      University-led sustainability programs\n      Research consortia and interdisciplinary teams\n      Institutions developing advanced sustainability capability\n    \n    Next step\n    Scope an LCSA engagement\n    If your project involves LCA, S-LCA, LCC, or integrated sustainability assessment, send the scope, timeline, and funding context and DEISO will come back with a structured proposal.\n      LCSA turns sustainability analysis from fragmented studies into a structured, decision-oriented research framework.\n      Request a quotation \u2192\n      Start at go.dei.so \u2192\n  \n      Start Your LCSA Project with DEISO\n      \n        Explore the full Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) offering or take the next step through consultation or quotation to define your project scope and engagement model.\n      \n      \n      \n          Explore LCSA Services\n            Discover how DEISO delivers integrated Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) through LCA, S-LCA, and LCC within an openLCA-based framework for funded academic projects.\n        \u2192\n      \n      \n      \n          Schedule a Consultation\n            Engage in a structured discussion to evaluate your research objectives, define methodology, and identify the most effective LCSA engagement model.\n        \u2192\n      \n      \n      \n          Request a Quotation\n            Submit your project details to receive a tailored quotation aligned with your scope, funding structure, and technical requirements.\n        \u2192\" data-s=\"Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) for Funded Academic Projects\" data-d=\"1774421715\" data-m=\"1786354649\" data-cat=\"58\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-sustainability-assessment-lcsa-funded-academic-projects\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/openlca_LCSA-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Openlca LCSA\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/openlca_LCSA-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/openlca_LCSA-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/openlca_LCSA.jpg 998w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">25 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-sustainability-assessment-lcsa-funded-academic-projects\">Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) for Funded Academic Projects<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">New service Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) Integrated environmental, social, and economic analysis for funded academic projects. Most sustainability studies still operate in silos. Environmental impact is assessed\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-sustainability-assessment-lcsa-funded-academic-projects\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) for Funded Academic Projects\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Announces 13 Pre-Submission Audit &amp; Advisory Services for ESG, GHG, LCA &amp; PCF Announcements Service announcement\n    DEISO announces 13 pre-submission audit and advisory services\n    Independent technical reinforcement for sustainability governance and verification readiness \u2014 before external review begins.\n    Sustainability reporting alone is no longer enough. Across regulatory, procurement, and investor-driven environments, organizations are expected to demonstrate methodological integrity, data traceability, internal control, and review-ready documentation across ESG disclosures, GHG inventories, Life Cycle Assessment, Product Carbon Footprint studies, and Environmental Product Declarations.\n    DEISO now offers a structured portfolio of 13 pre-submission audit and advisory services built to strengthen sustainability architecture before external verification, public disclosure, investor review, regulatory submission, or programme operator assessment.\n    The purpose is to reduce verification risk, prevent costly rework, improve methodological defensibility, and turn sustainability outputs into enterprise-level governance assets.\n      Explore the full portfolio \u2192\n    Why it matters\n    Why pre-submission audit matters now\n    As expectations intensify across global markets, organizations face growing pressure to make environmental and climate disclosures that withstand technical and strategic scrutiny. Reports that look complete on the surface often carry structural weaknesses beneath \u2014 unclear boundaries, inconsistent methodologies, unsupported assumptions, weak data governance, incomplete documentation, or misalignment with the applicable standard.\n    Those weaknesses have downstream consequences. They trigger verification findings, delay EPD approvals, weaken investor confidence, undermine procurement credibility, and create reputational and regulatory exposure.\n      Correcting a flawed report after submission costs considerably more than strengthening it before review.\n    Scope\n    What the portfolio covers\n    The 13 services support organizations strengthening ESG reporting, carbon accounting, LCA studies, EPDs, product-level environmental claims, sustainability governance systems, and industrial carbon readiness.\n    The architecture is built for enterprises, industrial operators, manufacturers, infrastructure developers, sustainability teams, and consultants seeking independent technical reinforcement before external exposure.\n    The objective is not surface-level quality review. It is assessing whether a deliverable is structurally coherent, technically defensible, standards-aligned, and ready for scrutiny.\n\n  Services 1\u20137\n  Advisory, product carbon, and governance\n    1\n      Senior LCA strategic advisory \u2014 ISO 14040\/44 and EPD support\n      Senior-level advisory for Life Cycle Assessment programmes aligned with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044, including methodological guidance for Environmental Product Declarations. Strengthens study architecture, system boundary definition, allocation logic, impact assessment method selection, and documentation before formal verification or programme operator submission \u2014 reducing verification exposure and preventing rework.\n    2\n      Senior sustainability strategic advisory \u2014 ESG, climate, risk, and environmental governance\n      Executive-level advisory strengthening ESG architecture, climate governance frameworks, environmental risk integration, and alignment with global disclosure standards. Built for organizations seeking independent senior insight before public reporting, investor engagement, regulatory submission, or board review. Covers ESG structural maturity, Scope 1\u20133 governance, risk mapping, disclosure positioning, and environmental data integration into enterprise decision systems.\n    3\n      Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) audit and review\n      Independent technical audit and pre-submission review of PCF studies before external verification, customer submission, regulatory disclosure, or supply chain reporting. Evaluates system boundaries, allocation logic, functional unit definition, emission factor selection, data representativeness, and alignment with ISO 14067 and the GHG Protocol Product Standard \u2014 identifying structural inconsistencies, unsupported assumptions, calculation weaknesses, and documentation gaps before scrutiny begins.\n    4\n      LCA critical review (ISO 14040 \/ ISO 14044)\n      Independent critical review assessing methodological conformity, modelling integrity, data representativeness, allocation logic, impact assessment application, and reporting transparency. Supports studies intended for public disclosure, comparative assertions, EPD publication, regulatory submission, or advanced stakeholder scrutiny \u2014 identifying methodological deviations, unsupported assumptions, and reporting vulnerabilities before formal declaration.\n    5\n      Sustainability data governance and internal control audit\n      Independent audit of data governance frameworks and internal control systems behind ESG reporting, GHG inventories, LCA studies, and environmental disclosures. Evaluates data ownership structures, control procedures, calculation workflows, documentation traceability, system integration logic, and cross-functional accountability \u2014 surfacing data integrity risks, control weaknesses, audit trail deficiencies, and misalignment between sustainability outputs and enterprise reporting systems.\n    6\n      AI strategic advisory for sustainability and research architecture\n      Executive-level advisory on integrating AI into LCA modelling workflows, GHG accounting systems, ESG analytics, digital reporting frameworks, and research infrastructure. Evaluates data readiness, model integration logic, automation potential, analytical reliability, governance controls, and scalability so AI strengthens methodological rigour rather than introducing unmanaged risk.\n    7\n      Independent ESG audit and review\n      Pre-submission technical audit of ESG reports before public disclosure, investor engagement, regulatory filing, or external assurance. Evaluates structural integrity, data consistency, boundary definition, materiality logic, governance alignment, and methodological defensibility across internally developed or consultant-prepared reports \u2014 identifying unsupported claims, disclosure weaknesses, calculation inconsistencies, and governance gaps before third-party scrutiny.\n\n    Positioning\n    What makes this different\n    These engagements are structured around independence, technical rigour, and governance clarity. DEISO\u2019s role is not to prepare the report, build the inventory, or develop the study being assessed. DEISO acts as an independent technical and strategic advisor evaluating whether an existing deliverable is strong enough to withstand formal review.\n      That separation is the point. It strengthens objectivity, improves defensibility, and gives clients a credible layer of assurance before entering verification, disclosure, procurement, or regulatory processes.\n    Audience\n    Who these services are for\n    Particularly relevant for organizations preparing for:\n    \n      Public sustainability disclosure\n      Third-party verification or external assurance\n      Investor scrutiny and board review\n      Infrastructure tendering and green procurement qualification\n      EPD programme operator submission\n      Product-level carbon disclosure\n      Enterprise-wide climate governance strengthening\n    \n    Also relevant to industrial sectors where sustainability performance is increasingly tied to export readiness, customer expectations, financing conditions, and long-term market positioning.\n    Value\n    What pre-submission audit is worth\n    The value lies in what it prevents and what it opens up. It prevents avoidable findings, expensive corrections, reputational exposure, and weak governance outcomes. It opens up stronger technical credibility, more confident disclosure, improved investor trust, and a more mature sustainability architecture inside the organization.\n    Rather than treating ESG, carbon accounting, LCA, or EPD work as isolated reporting outputs, the objective is turning them into defensible governance instruments that support credibility, market access, and executive decision-making.\n    Final perspective\n    Assurance before submission, not after\n    Sustainability deliverables should not reach the market, the boardroom, or the verification process carrying unresolved methodological weaknesses, governance gaps, or documentation vulnerabilities. As external scrutiny intensifies, pre-submission assurance becomes a strategic necessity rather than an optional extra.\n    For organizations that need their ESG reports, carbon inventories, LCA studies, PCF models, EPD documentation, and sustainability systems to be stronger before external review, this portfolio provides a structured pathway.\n      Explore the full portfolio \u2192\n      Request a quotation \u2192\n\n      Next step\n      Take the next step with DEISO\n      Choose the path that moves your sustainability work forward.\n          \n        Explore services\n        Review the full Pre-Submission Audit and Advisory portfolio, service by service.\n        Explore the portfolio \u2192\n          \n        Ask Mirai\n        Describe your objective and get structured guidance on the right service and technical direction.\n        Ask Mirai \u2192\n          \n        Request a quotation\n        Send your scope, timeline, and requirements, and receive a structured response.\n        Request a quotation \u2192\n          \n        Not sure where to start?\n        Tell us your objective and go.dei.so points you to the right service or scopes the work directly.\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"DEISO Announces 13 Pre-Submission Audit &amp; Advisory Services for ESG, GHG, LCA &amp; PCF\" data-d=\"1774323784\" data-m=\"1786355189\" data-cat=\"58\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-pre-submission-audit-advisory-services\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Pre-Audit_BK-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Pre Audit BK\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Pre-Audit_BK-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Pre-Audit_BK-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Pre-Audit_BK-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Pre-Audit_BK-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Pre-Audit_BK-900x900.jpg 900w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Pre-Audit_BK.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">24 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 6 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-pre-submission-audit-advisory-services\">DEISO Announces 13 Pre-Submission Audit &amp; Advisory Services for ESG, GHG, LCA &amp; PCF<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Service announcement DEISO announces 13 pre-submission audit and advisory services Independent technical reinforcement for sustainability governance and verification readiness \u2014 before external review begins. Sustainability reporting alone is\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-pre-submission-audit-advisory-services\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Announces 13 Pre-Submission Audit &amp; Advisory Services for ESG, GHG, LCA &amp; PCF\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Advanced LCA Capacity Building: Introducing 1:1 Software Coaching Programs and Courses for openLCA, SimaPro, and GaBi Announcements Announcement\n    Advanced LCA capacity building: 1:1 software coaching for openLCA, SimaPro, and GaBi\n    A focused capacity building service for experienced practitioners who need targeted capability development rather than another course.\n    DEISO introduces professional LCA software coaching (1:1) for practitioners working with openLCA, SimaPro, and GaBi (LCA for Experts).\n    Many LCA professionals already hold a strong foundation from training programs and courses. What they need next is targeted capability development \u2014 strengthening specific modelling areas, resolving technical challenges, and advancing practical implementation skill.\n    The service supports:\n    \n      Learning new topics inside LCA software environments\n      Deepening knowledge in specific modelling areas\n      Developing advanced LCA capabilities\n      Applying complex modelling approaches in live projects\n    \n    Format\n    What makes this different\n    This is a one-to-one coaching engagement for professionals who already:\n    \n      Work with LCA software tools\n      Build and manage LCA models\n      Need targeted support beyond standard training programs and courses\n    \n    Unlike structured training, the format carries no predefined curriculum, no basic-level repetition, and no unnecessary hours.\n      Each session is aligned with your exact technical needs, so the time spent goes directly into capability rather than coverage.\n    Expectations\n    What you can expect\n    \n      Topic-specific coaching shaped to your requirements\n      Advanced modelling and software skill development\n      Direct interaction with experienced LCA professionals\n      Efficient, implementation-focused sessions\n    \n  \n      One-to-One Professional Coaching\n      Choose the LCA Software Coaching Program That Matches Your Development Goals\n      \n        DEISO\u2019s coaching services are designed for experienced users of openLCA, SimaPro, and GaBi who want to learn new topics, strengthen software knowledge, develop advanced modeling capabilities, and build practical skills through focused expert-guided sessions.\n      \n        openLCA Coaching\n        \n          For experienced openLCA users seeking to strengthen selected skills, explore advanced features, improve modeling workflows, and develop deeper software capabilities through focused one-to-one coaching.\n        \n          Learn More\n        SimaPro Coaching\n        \n          For professionals already working with SimaPro who want to expand knowledge in specific topics, improve software skills, and build stronger modeling capabilities in a structured one-to-one coaching format.\n        \n          Learn More\n        GaBi Coaching\n        \n          For experienced GaBi users who want to deepen understanding of selected areas, develop new technical and modeling skills, and strengthen professional software use through focused expert-led coaching sessions.\n        \n          Learn More\n        \n          Ready to arrange your one-to-one coaching? Book your session with DEISO to discuss the software, topic, and duration that best fit your learning objectives.\n        \n        All coaching sessions are delivered one-to-one, booked in advance, and subject to availability.\n      Arrange Booking\" data-s=\"Advanced LCA Capacity Building: Introducing 1:1 Software Coaching Programs and Courses for openLCA, SimaPro, and GaBi\" data-d=\"1773917225\" data-m=\"1786355374\" data-cat=\"58\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/lca-software-coaching-openlca-simapro-gabi\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/DEISO_LCA_Coaching-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"DEISO LCA Coaching\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/DEISO_LCA_Coaching-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/DEISO_LCA_Coaching-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/DEISO_LCA_Coaching.jpg 998w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">19 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/lca-software-coaching-openlca-simapro-gabi\">Advanced LCA Capacity Building: Introducing 1:1 Software Coaching Programs and Courses for openLCA, SimaPro, and GaBi<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Announcement Advanced LCA capacity building: 1:1 software coaching for openLCA, SimaPro, and GaBi A focused capacity building service for experienced practitioners who need targeted capability development rather than\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/lca-software-coaching-openlca-simapro-gabi\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Advanced LCA Capacity Building: Introducing 1:1 Software Coaching Programs and Courses for openLCA, SimaPro, and GaBi\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"How to Calculate Scope 3 Emissions (GHG Protocol Guide) Tutorials Blog posts\r\nHow to calculate Scope 3 emissions\r\nOrganizations are increasingly required to measure and report greenhouse gas emissions across their value chains. While Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions are relatively straightforward to quantify, Scope 3 emissions typically represent the largest and most complex portion of a company\u2019s carbon footprint.\r\n\r\nIn many sectors Scope 3 accounts for the great majority of total corporate emissions \u2014 frequently the large majority in manufacturing, retail, and financial services, though the share varies considerably by industry and should be established for each company rather than assumed. Regulators, investors, and customers are applying growing pressure to measure and manage it.\r\n\r\nThis guide explains how Scope 3 emissions are calculated, the methods and mathematics used in practice, and the challenges organizations face in building reliable inventories.\r\nWhat are Scope 3 emissions?\r\nScope 3 emissions are indirect greenhouse gas emissions occurring across a company\u2019s value chain, both upstream and downstream. Unlike Scope 1 (direct emissions from owned or controlled sources) and Scope 2 (indirect emissions from purchased energy), Scope 3 arises from activities such as:\r\n\r\n \tpurchased materials and services\r\n \ttransportation and logistics\r\n \tproduct use by customers\r\n \twaste management\r\n \tsupplier manufacturing processes\r\n\r\nBecause these emissions occur outside the organization\u2019s operational control, they are harder to measure and to verify \u2014 which is precisely why methodology and data quality documentation matter more here than anywhere else in the inventory.\r\n\r\nThe fifteen Scope 3 categories\r\nThe GHG Protocol Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Standard defines fifteen categories across upstream and downstream value chains.\r\nUpstream\r\n\r\n \t1Purchased goods and services\r\n \t2Capital goods\r\n \t3Fuel- and energy-related activities not included in Scope 1 or 2\r\n \t4Upstream transportation and distribution\r\n \t5Waste generated in operations\r\n \t6Business travel\r\n \t7Employee commuting\r\n \t8Upstream leased assets\r\n\r\nDownstream\r\n\r\n \t9Downstream transportation and distribution\r\n \t10Processing of sold products\r\n \t11Use of sold products\r\n \t12End-of-life treatment of sold products\r\n \t13Downstream leased assets\r\n \t14Franchises\r\n \t15Investments\r\n\r\nOn reporting scope\r\n\r\nNot every category applies to every organization, and the standard does not require all fifteen to be quantified. It does require all fifteen to be screened, and any exclusion to be disclosed with justification. Silently omitting a category is a different thing from assessing it as immaterial and saying so.\r\nThe general calculation\r\nEvery Scope 3 category, whichever method is used, reduces to the same structure: a quantity of activity multiplied by an emission factor, summed across all activities in the category.\r\n\r\nThe core equation\r\nEcategory = \u03a3i ( Ai \u00d7 EFi )\r\n\r\nE \u2014 emissions in the category, in tonnes CO\u2082e. Ai \u2014 activity data for item i: mass, spend, distance, kWh, or unit count. EFi \u2014 the emission factor for that item, in CO\u2082e per unit of the same quantity.\r\n\r\nTotal Scope 3\r\nEScope 3 = \u03a3c=115 Ec\r\n\r\nWhere gases are quantified individually rather than as CO\u2082e, each is converted first: ECO\u2082e = \u03a3g ( mg \u00d7 GWPg ), with the IPCC assessment report version stated.\r\n\r\n1\r\nIdentify relevant categories\r\n\r\nDetermine which of the fifteen apply. Manufacturers usually find purchased goods and services and use of sold products dominate; service businesses often centre on purchased services and business travel; financial institutions are dominated by investments.\r\n\r\nA screening estimate, deliberately rough, is enough to rank categories. Spend or physical throughput multiplied by a sector-average factor identifies the shape of the footprint before any detailed data collection begins.\r\n\r\nMateriality screening\r\nSharec = E\u0302c \u00f7 \u03a3c E\u0302c\r\n\r\nE\u0302c is the screening estimate for category c. Categories are then prioritised by share, and by whether the company has influence over them \u2014 a large category it cannot affect is a reporting obligation; a moderate one it can affect is a reduction opportunity.\r\n\r\n2\r\nMap the value chain\r\n\r\nIdentify the activities generating emissions across the supply chain and the product life cycle \u2014 raw material production, component manufacturing, transportation, product use, and disposal. Mapping establishes where emissions occur and what data will be needed, which is what makes the next step tractable.\r\n\r\n3\r\nCollect activity data\r\n\r\nScope 3 calculations draw on data from suppliers, partners, and internal systems. Typical activity data includes quantities of purchased materials, transport distances and modes, energy consumption during product use, and waste volumes by treatment route.\r\n\r\nData is either primary \u2014 supplier-specific, measured, and attributable to the actual goods purchased \u2014 or secondary, drawn from industry averages and databases. Most first inventories are almost entirely secondary, and improvement means shifting the material categories toward primary over successive years.\r\n\r\n4\r\nSelect the calculation method\r\n\r\nThe GHG Protocol defines four methods, ordered from lowest to highest data specificity. In practice most inventories use several at once, applying the more demanding methods to the material categories.\r\nSpend-based method\r\nEmissions from financial expenditure\r\nE = \u03a3i ( Si \u00d7 EFispend )\r\n\r\nSi \u2014 spend on category i in currency units. EFspend \u2014 emission factor per unit of currency, typically from an environmentally extended input-output database. Example: 1,000,000 currency units of steel \u00d7 the sector factor per unit spend.\r\n\r\nFast, complete, and usable from accounting data alone. Its weakness is that it cannot distinguish between a low-carbon and a high-carbon supplier \u2014 and it responds to price changes as if they were emissions changes, so inflation or a negotiated discount will move the reported figure with no physical basis.\r\nAverage-data method\r\nEmissions from physical quantity and average factors\r\nE = \u03a3i ( mi \u00d7 EFimass )\r\n\r\nmi \u2014 mass or physical quantity of material i. Example: 10,000 tonnes of steel \u00d7 the average emission factor per tonne of steel. More stable than spend-based, because it is insulated from price.\r\nHybrid method\r\nCombining supplier data with secondary data\r\nE = \u03a3j Ejprimary + \u03a3k ( Ak \u00d7 EFksecondary )\r\n\r\nSupplier-specific data is used where available; the remainder of the category is filled with average or spend-based estimates. This is what most real inventories look like.\r\nSupplier-specific method\r\nEmissions from supplier product carbon footprints\r\nE = \u03a3i ( qi \u00d7 PCFi )\r\n\r\nqi \u2014 quantity purchased from supplier i. PCFi \u2014 that supplier\u2019s cradle-to-gate product carbon footprint per unit, ideally prepared under ISO 14067 or the GHG Protocol Product Standard. The most accurate method and the only one that rewards a supplier for reducing emissions.\r\n\r\nThe methodological trap: switching from spend-based to supplier-specific data usually changes the reported number substantially. That change is a methodology change, not a reduction, and reporting it as progress is one of the most common errors in Scope 3 disclosure.\r\n\r\n5\r\nApply emission factors\r\n\r\nEmission factors convert activity data into greenhouse gas emissions \u2014 tonnes of material \u00d7 kg CO\u2082e per tonne. Common sources include international environmental databases, national emissions inventories, and life cycle assessment databases.\r\n\r\nFactor selection is where two competent analysts most often diverge. Geography, technology vintage, database version, and whether the factor is cradle-to-gate or cradle-to-grave all change the result, and all must be documented.\r\nCategory-specific formulas\r\nSeveral categories need more than mass times factor. Three examples that carry disproportionate weight:\r\n\r\nCategory 4 and 9 \u2014 transportation\r\nE = \u03a3i ( mi \u00d7 di \u00d7 EFmode,i )\r\n\r\nMass in tonnes \u00d7 distance in km \u00d7 the factor per tonne-kilometre for that transport mode. Load factor and empty running should be reflected in the factor chosen.\r\n\r\nCategory 11 \u2014 use of sold products\r\nE = N \u00d7 L \u00d7 Uannual \u00d7 EFenergy\r\n\r\nN \u2014 units sold in the reporting year. L \u2014 expected lifetime in years. Uannual \u2014 energy or fuel consumed per unit per year. EFenergy \u2014 the emission factor for that energy in the use geography. For energy-using products this category alone frequently exceeds every other combined, and the whole lifetime is reported in the year of sale.\r\n\r\nCategory 12 \u2014 end-of-life treatment\r\nE = \u03a3w ( mw \u00d7 fw \u00d7 EFtreatment,w )\r\n\r\nmw \u2014 mass of material w in products sold. fw \u2014 fraction going to each treatment route, from national waste statistics for the markets sold into. EFtreatment \u2014 factor for landfill, incineration, or recycling of that material.\r\n\r\n6\r\nAnalyse results and identify hotspots\r\n\r\nOnce calculated, results are analysed to find the largest sources \u2014 the carbon hotspots. These are commonly raw material production, energy use during product operation, and logistics. Identifying them is what turns an inventory into a reduction plan rather than a compliance document.\r\n\r\nContribution and intensity\r\nContributioni = Ei \u00f7 Etotal \u00d7 100%\r\nIntensity = Etotal \u00f7 Q \u00a0\u00a0 (per unit produced, per revenue, or per FTE)\r\n\r\nIntensity is what allows year-on-year comparison when the business grows or contracts. Absolute emissions and intensity should both be reported; either alone can mislead.\r\nData quality and uncertainty\r\nA Scope 3 figure without a data quality statement is an assertion. The GHG Protocol expects data quality to be assessed and disclosed, and the practical approach is to score each data point across defined dimensions and weight by its contribution.\r\n\r\nData quality dimensions\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDimension\r\nQuestion\r\nTypical weakness in Scope 3\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nTechnological\r\nDoes the factor represent the actual production technology used?\r\nAverage factors mask large differences between routes\r\n\r\n\r\nTemporal\r\nHow recent is the data?\r\nGrid factors in particular move quickly and date fast\r\n\r\n\r\nGeographical\r\nDoes it represent the region of production or use?\r\nRegional factors applied to global supply chains\r\n\r\n\r\nCompleteness\r\nDoes it cover the full activity, or a sample?\r\nPartial supplier coverage extrapolated to the whole category\r\n\r\n\r\nReliability\r\nIs it measured, calculated, or estimated?\r\nEstimates presented without their basis stated\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nWeighted data quality score\r\nDQweighted = \u03a3i ( wi \u00d7 DQi ) \u00a0\u00a0 where \u00a0 wi = Ei \u00f7 Etotal\r\n\r\nWeighting by emissions contribution means the score reflects the quality of the data that matters, rather than averaging a well-documented small category against a poorly-documented large one.\r\nBase year and recalculation\r\nScope 3 inventories are only useful if this year compares to last year. That requires a documented base year and a recalculation policy, triggered by structural changes \u2014 acquisitions, divestments, outsourcing, or methodology changes \u2014 that exceed a stated significance threshold.\r\n\r\nRecalculation trigger\r\nTrigger if \u00a0 | Erestated \u2212 Ebase | \u00f7 Ebase &gt; \u03b8\r\n\r\n\u03b8 is the significance threshold the company defines and discloses. Without this, a shift from spend-based to supplier-specific data appears as a reduction that never occurred.\r\nCommon challenges\r\n\r\n \tLimited supplier data. Many suppliers do not yet measure or disclose emissions, and smaller ones may lack the capability entirely.\r\n \tData quality. Incomplete or inconsistent datasets introduce uncertainty that must be characterised rather than hidden.\r\n \tSupply chain complexity. Large organizations may have thousands of suppliers across many countries, with visibility falling sharply beyond tier one.\r\n \tMethodological variation. Different methods produce different results for the same activity, particularly with secondary data.\r\n \tDouble counting. One company\u2019s Scope 3 is another\u2019s Scope 1 \u2014 expected within the standard, but it means Scope 3 figures cannot be summed across companies.\r\n \tBoundary and timing. Use-phase emissions are reported in full in the year of sale, so a strong sales year raises reported emissions even where the product improved.\r\n\r\nThe role of product carbon footprints\r\nMany organizations complement Scope 3 inventories with product carbon footprint assessments. A PCF evaluates emissions across a product\u2019s full life cycle \u2014 raw material extraction, manufacturing, transportation, use, and disposal or recycling \u2014 and provides the supplier-specific data that the highest-quality Scope 3 method depends on.\r\n\r\nThe relationship runs both ways: a supplier\u2019s PCF becomes its customer\u2019s category 1 input, and a company\u2019s own PCF work builds the primary data its customers are asking for. Prepared under ISO 14067 and the ISO 14040\/14044 framework, the results are usable in both directions.\r\nImproving Scope 3 data over time\r\nInventories improve through supplier engagement programmes, better procurement data systems, integration of sustainability criteria into sourcing decisions, and more detailed product life cycle analysis. The realistic trajectory moves material categories from spend-based estimates toward activity-based and eventually supplier-specific calculation, while immaterial categories remain screened.\r\n\r\nA practical sequence\r\n\r\nScreen all fifteen \u2192 establish a spend-based baseline \u2192 identify the categories carrying most of the footprint \u2192 move those to activity data \u2192 engage the suppliers representing most of the spend within them \u2192 move those to supplier-specific PCFs. Each step is disclosed as a methodology change so the trend line stays honest.\r\nFinal thoughts\r\nScope 3 emissions represent the largest and most complex component of most corporate carbon footprints. Organizations that measure and manage them gain a genuine view of supply chain risk, reduction opportunity, and reporting readiness.\r\n\r\nThe mathematics is not the difficult part \u2014 activity data multiplied by an emission factor, summed. The difficulty is obtaining activity data the company does not own, selecting factors that represent the actual supply chain, and documenting both well enough that the result survives verification. As regulatory requirements and investor expectations tighten, that capability is becoming a standard requirement rather than a differentiator.\r\n\r\nCarbon &amp; GHG Accounting Training (Scopes 1\u20133)\r\nBuild Practical Capability in Scope 3 &amp; Product Carbon Footprint Analysis\r\nEquip your team with practical skills in carbon accounting, Scope 1\u20133 emissions quantification, supplier data handling, and product carbon footprint development based on internationally recognized GHG accounting frameworks.\r\nThis training is available remotely, on-site at your location, and off-site in Japan. Remote pricing is published on the training page. On-site and off-site delivery are available on a quotation basis and are priced higher depending on location, number of participants, and delivery requirements.\r\nRemote Training\r\nLive instructor-led online delivery for individuals and teams.\r\nOn-Site Training\r\nDelivered at your organization with configuration based on your needs.\r\nOff-Site in Japan\r\nFocused training in Japan for organizations seeking an intensive format.\r\nRequest the Training Proposal or Review the Full Program Details\r\nIdeal for sustainability managers, ESG teams, engineers, consultants, procurement professionals, and researchers who need practical carbon accounting capability rather than theory alone.\r\n\r\n\r\n \t16 hours of structured professional training\r\n \tCoverage of Scope 1, Scope 2, Scope 3, and product carbon footprint topics\r\n \tSuitable for individual participants and corporate teams\r\n \tOptional certification available at additional cost\r\n\r\n\r\nView Full Training Page\r\n\r\n\r\nRequest Training Proposal\r\n\r\n\r\nSchedule a Consultation\r\n\r\nOur team typically responds to training inquiries within 24 hours.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nNext step\r\nNot sure which service fits your project?\r\nTell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation \u2192\r\nStart at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"How to Calculate Scope 3 Emissions (GHG Protocol Guide)\" data-d=\"1773631313\" data-m=\"1791007858\" data-cat=\"1737\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Product_Carbon_Foot_Print-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Product Carbon Foot Print\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Product_Carbon_Foot_Print-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Product_Carbon_Foot_Print-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Product_Carbon_Foot_Print-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Product_Carbon_Foot_Print.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Tutorials<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Tutorials<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">16 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 12 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions\">How to Calculate Scope 3 Emissions (GHG Protocol Guide)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts How to calculate Scope 3 emissions Organizations are increasingly required to measure and report greenhouse gas emissions across their value chains. While Scope 1 and Scope\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-to-calculate-scope-3-emissions\" aria-label=\"Read the article: How to Calculate Scope 3 Emissions (GHG Protocol Guide)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Carbon Disclosure Risk in Saudi Supply Chains | Vision 2030 Procurement Threat Blog Posts Executive overview\n    The procurement carbon gap facing Saudi industrial suppliers\n    Under Vision 2030, carbon transparency has moved from reporting obligation to supplier qualification criterion.\n    Saudi Arabia\u2019s industrial transformation under Saudi Vision 2030 has reshaped procurement expectations across energy, petrochemicals, construction materials, and manufacturing supply chains. Large buyers \u2014 including Saudi Aramco, SABIC, and giga-project operators \u2014 are progressively integrating carbon transparency into supplier qualification frameworks.\n    A significant share of mid-tier industrial suppliers remains exposed.\n      The risk is not regulatory fines.\n      The risk is procurement exclusion. This is the emerging procurement carbon gap.\n    Definition\n    What carbon disclosure risk means\n    Carbon disclosure risk is the vulnerability a supplier carries when:\n    \n      Emissions are not quantified defensibly across Scope 1\u20133\n      Data governance is weak or cannot be traced\n      Product Carbon Footprints are incomplete\n      Environmental Product Declarations are not ready\n      Scope 3 upstream data cannot withstand buyer scrutiny\n    \n      In modern industrial procurement, undocumented emissions read as competitive weakness.\n    Vision 2030\n    Why the risk is intensifying\n    Under Saudi Vision 2030, the Kingdom is:\n    \n      Diversifying industrial exports\n      Increasing global competitiveness\n      Aligning with international sustainability expectations\n      Attracting foreign capital\n      Integrating ESG disclosure norms\n    \n    Global buyers, in turn, increasingly require:\n    \n      ISO-aligned Life Cycle Assessments\n      Verified carbon data\n      Disclosure readiness before contract award\n      Supplier sustainability transparency\n    \n      Carbon shifts from a reporting issue to a commercial eligibility criterion.\n    Exposure\n    Where Saudi suppliers are most exposed\n    High-risk sectors\n    \n      Steel and fabricated metals\n      Cement and construction materials\n      Cables and electrical components\n      Polymers and petrochemical derivatives\n      Modular and prefab construction\n      Industrial equipment manufacturing\n    \n\n  Risk mapping\n  Supplier exposure trigger against procurement risk impact\n  Each exposure trigger below maps to a specific commercial consequence during buyer qualification \u2014 not to a regulatory penalty.\n    \n      \n        \n          Exposure trigger\n          Risk impact\n        \n      \n      \n        \n          No Scope 3 mapping\n          Buyer confidence reduction\n        \n        \n          Excel-based emissions tracking\n          Audit defensibility gap\n        \n        \n          PCR misinterpretation\n          EPD rejection risk\n        \n        \n          Multi-site inconsistency\n          Disclosure credibility loss\n        \n        \n          No ISO 14040\/44 governance\n          Technical vulnerability\n        \n      \n    \n\n  Risk matrix\n  Saudi industrial supplier exposure risk matrix\n  Six exposure areas, mapped against typical supplier reality, procurement consequence, and the two levels of correction available \u2014 fast mitigation and structural governance.\n    \n      \n        \n          Exposure area\n          Typical supplier reality\n          Procurement consequence\n          Risk level\n          Fast mitigation (2\u20133 weeks)\n          Governance fix (8\u201312 weeks)\n        \n      \n      \n        \n          Scope 3 category weaknessUpstream inputs, logistics, purchased services\n          Partial mapping; inconsistent assumptions; supplier data unavailable\n          Lower technical score; additional requests; delayed qualification\n          High\n          Category-level screening, materiality ranking, defensible assumptions log\n          Supplier engagement workflow, data requests, category rules, QA checks\n        \n        \n          Boundary and allocation fragilitySystem boundary, co-products, recycling credits\n          Boundary defined informally; allocation not documented for audit\n          Credibility erosion in buyer review; rework cycles\n          High\n          Boundary statement, allocation memo, sensitivity checks\n          ISO-aligned governance pack, decision log, internal review gates\n        \n        \n          Data traceability gapsMetering, invoices, activity data lineage\n          Excel-based tracking; weak audit trail\n          Buyer doubts; heavier evidence burden; friction during review\n          High\n          Evidence index, data lineage map, sampling verification\n          Data governance SOPs, role-based ownership, change control\n        \n        \n          Multi-site inconsistencyDifferent plants, different rules\n          Sites report differently; inconsistent factors and boundaries\n          Portfolio credibility loss; tender scoring volatility\n          Med\u2013high\n          Harmonization checklist, factor alignment, boundary uniformity review\n          Multi-site methodology standard, central QA, periodic internal audits\n        \n        \n          PCF and EPD readiness weaknessPCR interpretation and documentation discipline\n          PCR applied loosely; documentation incomplete; model not review-ready\n          Submission rejection risk; procurement delays\n          Med\u2013high\n          Pre-submission audit, readiness checklist, evidence pack\n          Full LCA governance workflow, review gates, template system\n        \n        \n          Supplier narrative misalignmentMismatch between disclosure and buyer expectations\n          Technical outputs exist, but the story is unclear\n          Unforced errors in tender review; credibility discount\n          Med\n          Procurement-facing disclosure narrative, claim control\n          Standardized disclosure architecture, training, internal sign-off\n        \n      \n    \n  Scroll the table sideways to see all columns.\n    Risk here means procurement exposure \u2014 qualification, scoring, delays, and margin pressure driven by weak carbon defensibility. Not regulatory penalty.\n\n    Related framework\n    Saudi Vision 2030 industrial sustainability\n    Carbon disclosure risk sits inside the broader industrial transformation framework of the Kingdom. DEISO\u2019s dedicated Vision 2030 positioning pages are below, in English and Arabic.\n        English\n        Supporting the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Vision 2030 industrial transformation.\n        View the English page \u2192\n        \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\n        \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 2030.\n        \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2190\n    Next step\n    Carbon and disclosure exposure diagnostic \u2014 Saudi industrial edition\n    If your organization supplies Saudi industrial buyers or export-linked projects, the real risk is not carbon reporting. It is procurement exclusion caused by weak carbon defensibility \u2014 Scope 1\u20133, PCF and EPD readiness, data lineage, and governance.\n    \n      What you get: a structured exposure map, defensibility gaps, and a prioritized remediation plan\n      What it prevents: tender delays, repeated evidence requests, and credibility discounts\n      What it enables: review-ready carbon governance aligned with buyer scrutiny\n    \n      Send your sector, buyer context, and current carbon documentation status. DEISO will come back with a scoped diagnostic proposal.\n      Request a diagnostic quotation \u2192\n      Explore readiness services \u2192\n      Scope note\n      DEISO is not a verification or certification body. DEISO provides independent technical review, pre-submission audit, and readiness reinforcement to improve outcomes before submission to an authorized verifier or programme operator.\" data-s=\"Carbon Disclosure Risk in Saudi Supply Chains | Vision 2030 Procurement Threat\" data-d=\"1772251721\" data-m=\"1786355885\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/carbon-disclosure-risk-in-saudi-supply-chains-vision-2030-procurement-threat\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Saudi_Arabia_Carbon_Risk_Vision_2030-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Saudi Arabia Carbon Risk Vision 2030\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Saudi_Arabia_Carbon_Risk_Vision_2030-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Saudi_Arabia_Carbon_Risk_Vision_2030-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Saudi_Arabia_Carbon_Risk_Vision_2030.jpg 998w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">28 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/carbon-disclosure-risk-in-saudi-supply-chains-vision-2030-procurement-threat\">Carbon Disclosure Risk in Saudi Supply Chains | Vision 2030 Procurement Threat<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Executive overview The procurement carbon gap facing Saudi industrial suppliers Under Vision 2030, carbon transparency has moved from reporting obligation to supplier qualification criterion. Saudi Arabia\u2019s industrial transformation\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/carbon-disclosure-risk-in-saudi-supply-chains-vision-2030-procurement-threat\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Carbon Disclosure Risk in Saudi Supply Chains | Vision 2030 Procurement Threat\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"EPD Development Mistakes That Delay Verification (And How to Avoid Rework) Blog Posts Technical guide\n    EPD development mistakes that delay verification\n    How to avoid rework and audit risk before the verifier opens the file.\n    Environmental Product Declarations are increasingly required for:\n    \n      Green building procurement\n      Public infrastructure tenders\n      EU taxonomy alignment\n      Scope 3 supplier transparency\n      Carbon disclosure credibility\n    \n    Yet many EPD projects stall during third-party verification \u2014 not because of formatting issues, and not because of minor calculation discrepancies.\n      They stall because of structural methodological weaknesses.\n    Below are the technical failures that most often delay verification, and how to avoid the rework they cause.\n    Failure 1\n    Allocation decision risk\n    The problem\n    Allocation errors are among the most common causes of verification delay. Recurring issues include:\n    \n      Inconsistent allocation rules across life cycle stages\n      Economic allocation used without justification\n      Mass allocation misapplied in multi-output systems\n      Failure to follow the PCR-specific allocation hierarchy\n      No documented sensitivity analysis\n    \n    Verification bodies require defensible reasoning aligned with ISO 14044, EN 15804, and the applicable Product Category Rules. Where allocation logic cannot be justified and documented, verification halts.\n    How to avoid the rework\n    A verification-ready allocation framework needs:\n    \n      Clear identification of multifunctional processes\n      A hierarchical decision tree \u2014 avoid, then physical relationship, then economic\n      A PCR alignment cross-check matrix\n      Sensitivity scenario documentation\n      A transparent calculation log\n    \n      Allocation is a governance decision, not a modelling input.\n\n  Framework\n  EPD verification readiness framework\n  The pathway to verification-ready EPDs runs from PCR scoping and allocation governance through data quality control, multi-site modelling discipline, pre-verification review, and version-controlled documentation \u2014 ending in a submission that holds up under review.\n    EPD success depends not only on modelling accuracy but on documented decision logic, traceability, and governance architecture aligned with ISO 14044 and the applicable PCR.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n  Decision matrix\n  EPD verification delay risk \u2014 and what to do about it\n  The matrix below sets out the technical and governance failures that most often delay EPD verification, ranked by risk exposure and typical verifier findings. Each risk area carries a structured control response, so manufacturers and consultants can remove rework before submission rather than after.\n    Used properly, the matrix supports faster verification cycles, stronger documentation defensibility, and lower tender risk exposure.\n\n  Decision matrix\n  EPD verification delay risk \u2014 and what to do first\n  Eight risk areas, each with its typical trigger, the delay exposure it creates, what verifiers commonly flag, and the control to put in place before submission.\n    \n      \n        \n          Risk area\n          Typical trigger\n          Delay risk\n          What verifiers commonly flag\n          Do this first\n        \n      \n      \n        \n          PCR interpretation\n          PCR version mismatch; wrong declared unit; wrong module coverage across A1\u2013A3, A4, C, D\n          Very high\n          \u201cPCR requirement not met\u201d; \u201cmodule or scenario documentation insufficient\u201d\n          PCR scoping review and clause-to-model mapping before any modelling begins\n        \n        \n          Allocation decisions\n          Multi-output processes; recycled content; co-products; unclear cut-off rules\n          Very high\n          \u201cAllocation not justified\u201d; \u201chierarchy not followed\u201d; \u201csensitivity missing\u201d\n          Allocation decision log with sensitivity cases aligned to the PCR and ISO 14044\n        \n        \n          Multi-site modelling\n          Multiple plants; averaging without representativeness; grid mix ignored\n          High\n          \u201cSite representativeness not justified\u201d; \u201cweighted averaging unclear\u201d\n          Site representativeness matrix and weighting method covering volume, technology, and geography\n        \n        \n          Primary data completeness\n          Missing measured energy or materials; weak metering; supplier data gaps\n          High\n          \u201cPrimary data insufficient\u201d; \u201cdata sources not traceable\u201d\n          Data inventory and traceability pack \u2014 sources, timestamps, units, QA notes\n        \n        \n          Secondary data and emission factor control\n          Mixed databases; outdated emission factors; inconsistent versions\n          Medium\u2013high\n          \u201cDatabase version inconsistency\u201d; \u201cemission factor choice not justified\u201d\n          Emission factor register with version control \u2014 change log and rationale\n        \n        \n          Scenario documentation\n          Transport and end-of-life assumptions undocumented; module D credits unclear\n          Medium\u2013high\n          \u201cScenario assumptions not transparent\u201d; \u201cmodule D not defensible\u201d\n          Scenario set and documentation annex \u2014 assumption table with references\n        \n        \n          Model reproducibility\n          No calculation trail; no change log; unclear unit conversions\n          High\n          \u201cCannot reproduce results\u201d; \u201cinsufficient audit trail\u201d\n          Model audit trail pack \u2014 inputs, calculations, unit checks, reviewer notes\n        \n        \n          Internal QA before the verifier\n          No pre-check; rushed submission\n          High\n          Numerous corrective actions; iterative review rounds\n          Pre-verification technical review \u2014 structured checklist and evidence bundle\n        \n      \n    \n  Scroll the table sideways to see all columns.\n\n  Checklist\n  EPD pre-submission checklist \u2014 before sending to the verifier\n  A structured, verification-focused control framework for reviewing an Environmental Product Declaration before submission. It brings the critical technical checkpoints \u2014 PCR alignment, allocation governance, data quality validation, multi-site representativeness, scenario documentation, and audit traceability \u2014 into a single defensible review layer.\n    Run before engaging the verifier, the checklist reduces corrective action cycles, prevents avoidable rework, and strengthens the methodological credibility of the submission.\n\n  Checklist\n  EPD pre-submission checklist\n  Seventeen checkpoints, each with what completion actually looks like, the evidence to attach, and the pushback that follows if it is missing.\n    \n      \n        \n          Checklist area\n          What done looks like\n          Evidence to attach\n          Common verifier pushback if missing\n        \n      \n      \n        \n          PCR selection and version\n          Correct PCR selected; version and date recorded; programme operator rules confirmed\n          PCR link and version note; programme operator guidance reference\n          Wrong PCR or version \u2192 rework required\n        \n        \n          Declared unit and product definition\n          Declared unit matches the PCR; product variants and scope are unambiguous\n          Product spec sheet; declared unit rationale\n          Declared unit inconsistent\n        \n        \n          System boundary modules\n          Modules A1\u2013A3, A4, A5, B, C, and D correctly included or excluded per the PCR\n          Boundary diagram; module inclusion table\n          Missing modules or wrong exclusions\n        \n        \n          Cut-off rules\n          Cut-offs applied exactly per the PCR; exclusions documented and justified\n          Cut-off memo; excluded flows list\n          Cut-offs non-conformant or undocumented\n        \n        \n          Allocation decision log\n          Multifunctionality identified; allocation hierarchy followed; sensitivities completed\n          Allocation log and sensitivity results\n          Allocation not justified\n        \n        \n          Data inventory completeness\n          Primary data coverage adequate; data gaps identified; substitutions justified\n          Data inventory sheet; data gap register\n          Primary data insufficient\n        \n        \n          Data quality assessment\n          Quality scoring completed across temporal, geographic, technological, and completeness dimensions\n          DQI table; source list with dates\n          Data quality not demonstrated\n        \n        \n          Database and emission factor version control\n          Database name and version fixed; emission factor sources consistent; change log maintained\n          Database version record; emission factor register\n          Inconsistent datasets or versions\n        \n        \n          Multi-site modelling governance\n          Site grouping and weighting method defined; representativeness justified\n          Site matrix; weighting calculation\n          Averaging not defensible\n        \n        \n          Energy and electricity modelling\n          Electricity mix correct by site and year; approach documented where relevant\n          Grid factor sources; site electricity bills\n          Wrong electricity factors\n        \n        \n          Transport scenarios\n          Transport distances and modes documented; scenarios align with the PCR\n          Transport assumptions table\n          Transport scenario not evidenced\n        \n        \n          End-of-life and module D\n          End-of-life scenarios transparent; module D method conformant; avoided burden justified\n          End-of-life scenario table; module D rationale\n          Module D credits not defensible\n        \n        \n          LCIA method conformance\n          LCIA method matches PCR and EN 15804 requirements; characterization factors aligned\n          LCIA method statement; tool settings\n          Wrong impact method or factors\n        \n        \n          Units and conversions QA\n          Unit consistency verified; conversion factors documented; no hidden assumptions\n          Unit check sheet; conversion notes\n          Calculation not reproducible\n        \n        \n          Model reproducibility pack\n          An independent reviewer can reproduce the totals from the inputs\n          Exported model; parameter list\n          No audit trail; cannot reproduce\n        \n        \n          Draft EPD narrative consistency\n          EPD text matches the model on boundaries, scenarios, data periods, and sites\n          Cross-check notes; redline review\n          Narrative conflicts with model\n        \n        \n          Pre-verification internal review\n          Structured internal review completed; corrective actions logged\n          Review checklist; action log\n          Too many avoidable findings\n        \n      \n    \n  Scroll the table sideways to see all columns.\n\n  \n        \n          \n          \n          \n          \n        \n      Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) services: communicating your product\u2019s sustainability\n    End-to-end expert support for Environmental Product Declaration development, helping organizations translate product life cycle results into structured, credible, and market-relevant environmental communication.\n    Explore service \u2192\n  \n        \n          \n          \n        \n      EPD pre-submission audit and review services\n    Independent pre-submission technical review of EPD-ready documentation to help identify methodological gaps, data issues, structural inconsistencies, and readiness risks before formal submission.\n    Explore service \u2192\n  \n        \n          \n          \n        \n      Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) training programs\n    Expert-led EPD training programs built to develop practical competence in declaration structure, underlying LCA logic, data preparation, interpretation, and ISO-aligned EPD development workflows.\n    Explore training \u2192\n  \n        \n          \n          \n          \n          \n        \n      EPD data collection framework template (A1\u2013D) for verification readiness\n    A structured EPD data collection framework covering modules A1 to D to support internal organization, stronger data quality, and improved verification readiness across product declaration workflows.\n    Explore framework \u2192\n  \n        \n          \n          \n          \n        \n      Request a quotation\n    Request a tailored quotation for EPD support, pre-submission audit, training, or structured technical assistance aligned with your product scope, timeline, and business objectives.\n    Request a quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"EPD Development Mistakes That Delay Verification (And How to Avoid Rework)\" data-d=\"1771204199\" data-m=\"1789630871\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/epd-development-mistakes-that-delay-verification-and-how-to-avoid-rework\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/epd4-768x512.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Epd4\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/epd4-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/epd4-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/epd4.png 791w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">16 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 7 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/epd-development-mistakes-that-delay-verification-and-how-to-avoid-rework\">EPD Development Mistakes That Delay Verification (And How to Avoid Rework)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Technical guide EPD development mistakes that delay verification How to avoid rework and audit risk before the verifier opens the file. Environmental Product Declarations are increasingly required for:\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/epd-development-mistakes-that-delay-verification-and-how-to-avoid-rework\" aria-label=\"Read the article: EPD Development Mistakes That Delay Verification (And How to Avoid Rework)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Why 70% of Scope 3 Carbon Inventories Fail \u2014 And the Governance Framework That Fixes It Blog Posts Scope 3 governance\n        Why 70% of Scope 3 carbon inventories fail \u2014 and the governance framework that fixes it\n        Scope 3 emissions are no longer optional disclosure metrics. They represent:\n        \n          Regulatory exposure\n          Investor scrutiny\n          Supply chain transparency pressure\n          Transition risk visibility\n          Board-level governance accountability\n        \n        Yet internal audits and verification reviews repeatedly show the same pattern: most Scope 3 inventories collapse under scrutiny. Not because companies lack intent \u2014 but because they lack structural architecture.\n          Scope 3 is not a spreadsheet exercise. It is enterprise carbon governance.\n        The real reasons Scope 3 inventories fail\n        Based on structured execution experience across industries, failures typically originate from five systemic weaknesses:\n        1. Undefined organizational &amp; value chain boundaries\n        Scope 3 categories are applied without structured mapping of:\n        \n          Operational control vs equity share boundaries\n          Supplier tiers\n          Downstream product use phases\n          Capital goods lifecycle implications\n        \n        Result \u2014 category overlap, exclusion errors, and audit vulnerability.\n        2. Overreliance on spend-based estimation\n        Many inventories default to:\n        \n          Financial proxies\n          Generic emission factors\n          Inconsistent databases\n        \n        Without:\n        \n          Data hierarchy justification\n          Supplier data improvement strategy\n          Data quality scoring\n        \n        Result \u2014 inventories that appear complete, but lack defensibility.\n        3. Category duplication &amp; allocation errors\n        Common issues include:\n        \n          Capital goods double-counted across categories\n          Transportation embedded in purchased goods\n          Internal transfer emissions misclassified\n          Improper allocation between business units\n        \n        Result \u2014 inflated or distorted emission profiles.\n        4. Weak documentation architecture\n        When verification begins, organizations struggle to produce:\n        \n          Source traceability logs\n          Assumption registers\n          Version histories\n          Change control documentation\n        \n        Result \u2014 delays, credibility erosion, and reputational risk.\n        5. Lack of governance integration\n        Scope 3 results are published \u2014 but not integrated into:\n        \n          Procurement policy\n          Supplier engagement\n          Climate transition planning\n          Capital allocation\n          Executive decision frameworks\n        \n        Result \u2014 carbon disclosure without operational transformation.\n        The enterprise Scope 3 governance framework\n        (ISO 14064 + GHG Protocol aligned execution model)\n        To prevent systemic failure, DEISO applies a structured five-phase architecture. This is not a reporting checklist. It is a carbon governance system.\n        Phase 1 \u2014 Boundary &amp; category architecture\n        Before data collection begins, structural clarity is established. Includes:\n        \n          Organizational boundary definition (ISO 14064)\n          Full value chain mapping\n          Relevance screening across all 15 GHG Protocol Scope 3 categories\n          Double-counting risk mapping\n          Category materiality assessment\n        \n        Output \u2014 a defensible Scope 3 category matrix with documented justification. Without this phase, all downstream work becomes unstable.\n        Phase 2 \u2014 Data integrity &amp; method hierarchy\n        Scope 3 data must follow a structured hierarchy:\n        \n          Primary supplier data\n          Hybrid data models\n          Activity-based estimation\n          Spend-based estimation (last resort)\n        \n        This phase includes:\n        \n          Emission factor selection documentation\n          Data quality scoring\n          Supplier engagement roadmap\n          Database justification (e.g., sector-specific factors)\n          Gap resolution strategy\n        \n        Output \u2014 traceable methodology register with an improvement pathway. This converts estimation into structured accounting.\n        Phase 3 \u2014 Quantification &amp; duplication control\n        Technical modeling prevents:\n        \n          Category overlap\n          Internal double counting\n          Allocation inconsistencies\n          Scope boundary confusion\n        \n        Includes:\n        \n          Category-by-category modeling logic\n          Allocation documentation\n          Reconciliation across categories\n          Sensitivity analysis\n          Cross-functional validation\n        \n        Output \u2014 reconciled Scope 3 inventory with duplication safeguards.\n        Phase 4 \u2014 Documentation &amp; verification readiness\n        ISO-aligned governance requires documentation architecture:\n        \n          Assumption registry\n          Data source archive\n          Version control log\n          Change management history\n          Evidence repository structure\n        \n        Output \u2014 a Scope 3 package structured for third-party verification, aligned with ISO 14064-3 principles. This is where most inventories fail.\n        Phase 5 \u2014 Governance &amp; strategic integration\n        Scope 3 becomes meaningful only when integrated into:\n        \n          Science-based target setting\n          Supplier decarbonization programs\n          Procurement governance\n          Investment decisions\n          ESG reporting frameworks\n          Board-level risk management\n        \n        Output \u2014 executive carbon governance roadmap. Carbon accounting must influence enterprise direction \u2014 not sit in a report.\n        How this framework differentiates DEISO\n        Most providers offer:\n        \n          Carbon calculations\n          Template-based reporting\n          Generic spend-based estimations\n        \n        DEISO produces:\n        \n          Structural boundary architecture\n          Methodological defensibility\n          ISO-aligned documentation governance\n          Scope 3 duplication control modeling\n          Supplier data engagement frameworks\n          Integration into ESG and transition strategy\n        \n        We operate at the intersection of:\n        \n          LCA methodology\n          GHG Protocol standards\n          ESG governance\n          Climate risk management\n          Technical review discipline\n        \n          This is execution \u2014 not presentation.\n        Standards alignment\n        All Scope 1\u20133 engagements align with:\n        \n          ISO 14064-1 (organizational GHG quantification)\n          ISO 14064-3 (verification principles)\n          GHG Protocol Corporate Standard\n          GHG Protocol Scope 3 Standard\n          Sector-specific regulatory expectations\n        \n        We prioritize:\n        \n          Defined system boundaries\n          Transparent emission factor logic\n          Structured documentation\n          Governance-level integration\n        \n        The objective is structural defensibility.\n        Who this is built for\n        \n          Corporate sustainability directors\n          ESG governance teams\n          Climate strategy leaders\n          Procurement risk officers\n          Regulatory-facing organizations\n          Companies preparing for assurance\n        \n          Not built for\n          Low-cost carbon template seekers, casual estimations, or unstructured reporting exercises. Scope 3 requires institutional seriousness.\n        Structured engagement options\n        DEISO supports organizations through:\n        \n          Full Scope 1\u20133 GHG inventory execution\n          Scope 3 architecture development\n          Verification preparation &amp; documentation structuring\n          Climate strategy integration\n          Supplier data governance programs\n          Executive carbon governance Advisory\n        \n        Formats \u2014 remote, hybrid, or onsite.\n        If your Scope 3 inventory must withstand scrutiny\n        \n          Board review\n          Regulatory examination\n          Investor due diligence\n          Third-party verification\n        \n        Then structural governance is non-negotiable.\n          Request a quotation \u2192\n          Start at go.dei.so \u2192\n        All inquiries are treated confidentially and scoped according to institutional requirements.\" data-s=\"Why 70% of Scope 3 Carbon Inventories Fail \u2014 And the Governance Framework That Fixes It\" data-d=\"1771166963\" data-m=\"1786360707\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-70-of-scope-3-carbon-inventories-fail-and-the-governance-framework-that-fixes-it\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/d13f3e17-c365-4450-bec7-1046b61a266e-768x512.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/d13f3e17-c365-4450-bec7-1046b61a266e-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/d13f3e17-c365-4450-bec7-1046b61a266e-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/d13f3e17-c365-4450-bec7-1046b61a266e-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/d13f3e17-c365-4450-bec7-1046b61a266e.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">15 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-70-of-scope-3-carbon-inventories-fail-and-the-governance-framework-that-fixes-it\">Why 70% of Scope 3 Carbon Inventories Fail \u2014 And the Governance Framework That Fixes It<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Scope 3 governance Why 70% of Scope 3 carbon inventories fail \u2014 and the governance framework that fixes it Scope 3 emissions are no longer optional disclosure metrics.\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-70-of-scope-3-carbon-inventories-fail-and-the-governance-framework-that-fixes-it\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Why 70% of Scope 3 Carbon Inventories Fail \u2014 And the Governance Framework That Fixes It\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO\u2019s Environmental Management &amp; Assessment (EMA) Professional Training Programs Announcements News Audience\n    Built for practice, not theory alone\n    EMA training programs are built for professionals working in real decision-making environments:\n    \n      Corporate sustainability and ESG teams\n      Environmental consultants and analysts\n      Engineers and R&amp;D professionals\n      Researchers and advanced practitioners\n    \n      The focus is methodological rigour, defensible results, and real application across industry and policy contexts.\n    Formats\n    Flexible training formats\n    All EMA programs run in three formats:\n    \n      Remote \u2014 online, scheduled sessions\n      Offsite \u2014 at a training venue\n      Onsite \u2014 at your premises, customized for the organization\n    \n    Teams and individuals can pick the format that fits their operational and geographic needs.\n    Next step\n    Explore the training pathways\n    On the EMA platform you can:\n    \n      Review every available program\n      Explore the structured training pathways\n      Access detailed program descriptions and pricing\n      Identify the right level for your experience and objectives\n    \n      Visit the EMA platform \u2192\n      Request a quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"DEISO\u2019s Environmental Management &amp; Assessment (EMA) Professional Training Programs\" data-d=\"1770695903\" data-m=\"1786360250\" data-cat=\"58,7\" data-year=\"2026\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deisos-environmental-management-assessment-ema-professional-training-programs\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ema-768x512.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Ema\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ema-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ema-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ema-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ema.png 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">10 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2026<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deisos-environmental-management-assessment-ema-professional-training-programs\">DEISO\u2019s Environmental Management &amp; Assessment (EMA) Professional Training Programs<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Audience Built for practice, not theory alone EMA training programs are built for professionals working in real decision-making environments: Corporate sustainability and ESG teams Environmental consultants and analysts\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deisos-environmental-management-assessment-ema-professional-training-programs\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO\u2019s Environmental Management &amp; Assessment (EMA) Professional Training Programs\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in LCA and EPD: Advanced Training Programs and Courses Delivered for Inter Construction in Tokyo News News\n        Enterprise capacity building in LCA and EPD: advanced training programs and courses run for Inter Construction (North Macedonia) in Tokyo\n        \n          DEISO LLC has supported Inter Construction, a North Macedonia-based engineering company, through a structured enterprise capacity building engagement built around advanced training programs and professional courses.\n        \n          Engagement at a glance\n          \n            Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) Professional Training Course\n            Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Expert+ Training Course\n            Onsite at DEISO\u2019s headquarters in Tokyo\n            Five intensive business days \u2014 33 hours of advanced professional instruction\n          \n        \n          Beyond the technical instruction itself, this engagement was built to strengthen internal implementation capability and to strengthen the organization\u2019s ability to operate, interpret, and apply sustainability systems in real-world contexts. The programs focused on letting participants work with LCA models, EPD frameworks, and environmental data structures with greater technical confidence and consistency.\n        \n        \n          Through this capacity-building approach, DEISO supports organizations not only in acquiring knowledge, but also in developing the practical capability required for sustainability execution, reporting, and long-term operational continuity.\n        \n        \n          DEISO continues to support companies worldwide in advancing their sustainability and transparency journey, helping organizations build internal capability in LCA, EPD, GHG accounting, and related sustainability systems through integrated training programs and courses aligned with real implementation needs.\n        \n        DEISO LLC, Tokyo, Japan \u2014 November 2, 2025\" data-s=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in LCA and EPD: Advanced Training Programs and Courses Delivered for Inter Construction in Tokyo\" data-d=\"1762025219\" data-m=\"1786360918\" data-cat=\"7\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-successfully-delivers-advanced-lca-and-epd-training-for-inter-construction-north-macedonia-in-tokyo\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/inter_construction-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/inter_construction-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/inter_construction-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/inter_construction-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/inter_construction-700x700.jpg 700w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/inter_construction-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/inter_construction-900x900.jpg 900w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/inter_construction.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">2 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-successfully-delivers-advanced-lca-and-epd-training-for-inter-construction-north-macedonia-in-tokyo\">Enterprise Capacity Building in LCA and EPD: Advanced Training Programs and Courses Delivered for Inter Construction in Tokyo<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Enterprise capacity building in LCA and EPD: advanced training programs and courses run for Inter Construction (North Macedonia) in Tokyo DEISO LLC has supported Inter Construction, a\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-successfully-delivers-advanced-lca-and-epd-training-for-inter-construction-north-macedonia-in-tokyo\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Enterprise Capacity Building in LCA and EPD: Advanced Training Programs and Courses Delivered for Inter Construction in Tokyo\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"New Digital Twin Website Launch by DEISO: Explore FRAMENCE Technology, Demos &amp; Use Cases News Partnership announcement\n        DEISO launches a dedicated website for the FRAMENCE Digital Twin Platform\n        \n          DEISO LLC is pleased to announce the official launch of a dedicated website for the FRAMENCE Digital Twin Platform, hosted on a branded subdomain: https:\/\/twin.dei.so\n        \n        \n          This launch is part of a strategic partnership between DEISO LLC, a sustainability and innovation company based in Tokyo, and Framence GmbH, the German pioneer in photorealistic digital twin technology. Through this collaboration, DEISO now acts as an official global partner for the distribution and regional integration of the FRAMENCE platform.\n        \n        Official coverage regions\n        DEISO is currently distributing the FRAMENCE Digital Twin Platform in the following countries and regions:\n          \n            Japan\n            Middle East \u2014 Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Oman\n            Southeast &amp; East Asia \u2014 South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong\n          \n        What the new website offers\n        The new website serves as a comprehensive hub for everything related to the FRAMENCE Digital Twin Platform. Here is what visitors can explore:\n        1. Platform overview\n        A clear explanation of the technology, its value, and how it works \u2014 from image-based photorealism to precision measurement and live sensor integration.\n        2. Demo gallery\n        See it in action through interactive GIF animations and use-case videos showing real-world scenarios and benefits.\n        3. Use cases\n        Understand how industries such as construction, energy, chemical manufacturing, infrastructure, and smart cities use digital twins to improve remote collaboration, inspections, and asset management.\n        4. Case studies\n        Downloadable PDFs covering platform success stories from global organizations, including:\n          \n            Roche\n            ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences\n            FRAPORT\n            Follmann\n            Qlar (formerly Schenck Process)\n          \n        5. Regional services by DEISO\n        \n          As a regional partner, DEISO offers localized support, integration planning, sustainability-focused customization, and ESG alignment \u2014 including regulatory alignment with ISO 14044, the GHG Protocol, and smart city standards.\n        \n        Explore the future of industrial visualization\n        The FRAMENCE Digital Twin Platform lets organizations:\n        \n          Reduce site visits and travel expenses\n          View and manage technical assets remotely\n          Carry out technical reviews and regulatory reporting with less friction\n          Perform millimeter-precise measurements virtually\n          Run immersive AR\/VR training and simulation experiences\n        \n          Whether you are digitizing a chemical plant, modernizing infrastructure, or scaling smart city solutions, the FRAMENCE platform sets a new standard for what is possible.\n        Visit the digital twin portal\n        To experience the platform, view materials, or request a live demo, visit https:\/\/twin.dei.so\n          Open twin.dei.so \u2192\n        For inquiries, contact us at info@dei.so\" data-s=\"New Digital Twin Website Launch by DEISO: Explore FRAMENCE Technology, Demos &amp; Use Cases\" data-d=\"1751924725\" data-m=\"1786361044\" data-cat=\"7\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/new-digital-twin-website-launch-by-deiso-explore-framence-technology-demos-use-cases\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"512\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/digital_wiin_deiso.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/digital_wiin_deiso.png 512w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/digital_wiin_deiso-200x300.png 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">8 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/new-digital-twin-website-launch-by-deiso-explore-framence-technology-demos-use-cases\">New Digital Twin Website Launch by DEISO: Explore FRAMENCE Technology, Demos &amp; Use Cases<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Partnership announcement DEISO launches a dedicated website for the FRAMENCE Digital Twin Platform DEISO LLC is pleased to announce the official launch of a dedicated website for the\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/new-digital-twin-website-launch-by-deiso-explore-framence-technology-demos-use-cases\" aria-label=\"Read the article: New Digital Twin Website Launch by DEISO: Explore FRAMENCE Technology, Demos &amp; Use Cases\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Unlocking the Carbon Economy: How CCU, CCS &amp; CDR are Shaping Our Future Blog Posts Introduction\n        \n          In the urgent race to mitigate climate change, innovative strategies such as Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU), Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), and Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) have emerged as pivotal tools. Each method uniquely addresses carbon emissions, transforming our approach to sustainability and economic growth.\n        \n        Understanding CCU, CCS, and CDR\n        CCU involves capturing CO\u2082 from sources like industrial emissions or directly from the air and transforming it into useful products:\n        \n          Concrete &amp; building materials \u2014 CarbonCure (Canada) injects CO\u2082 into concrete, strengthening durability and storing carbon permanently.\n          Synthetic gasoline and diesel \u2014 Carbon Engineering (Canada) produces synthetic fuels from atmospheric CO\u2082 combined with renewable hydrogen.\n          Sustainable jet fuel (SAF) \u2014 LanzaJet (USA) synthesizes jet fuel from captured industrial CO\u2082, adopted by airlines like British Airways.\n          Methanol &amp; ethanol \u2014 Mitsui Chemicals (Japan) converts CO\u2082 emissions into valuable methanol for various industrial uses.\n          Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) \u2014 SABIC synthesizes DMC from CO\u2082, providing sustainable solvents for pharmaceuticals and battery electrolytes.\n          Plastics &amp; polymers \u2014 Covestro (Germany) uses CO\u2082 for polyurethane foams (Cardyon\u00ae), reducing fossil fuel dependence.\n          Carbonated beverages \u2014 Climeworks (Switzerland) provides sustainably captured CO\u2082 for beverages.\n          Algae-based biofuels \u2014 Algenol (USA) converts CO\u2082 into algae biomass, producing biofuels and nutritional products.\n        \n        Carbon capture and storage (CCS)\n        \n          CCS captures emissions and stores them permanently underground in geological formations, like depleted oil fields and saline aquifers, effectively preventing atmospheric CO\u2082 accumulation.\n        \n        Carbon dioxide removal (CDR)\n        \n          CDR technologies actively remove CO\u2082 from the atmosphere, creating negative emissions through methods such as afforestation, biochar, enhanced weathering, and direct air capture (DAC).\n        \n        Current trends and insights\n        \n          Globally, CCU, CCS, and CDR technologies are scaling rapidly. The global CCU market is forecast to reach over $4 trillion by 2050, driven by rising demand for sustainable products and strict emission regulations. Countries such as Japan, the USA, Germany, and Canada are leading in these innovations.\n        \n        Strategic insights and expert advice\n        \n          Integrating CCU, CCS, and CDR into climate strategies is crucial for sustainable development. Experts suggest prioritizing scalability, cost-effectiveness, and long-term carbon storage solutions. Policymakers are urged to support these technologies through subsidies, carbon pricing, and strong regulatory frameworks.\n        \n        Key tools, technologies, and approaches\n        \n          CCU \u2014 mineralization, catalytic conversion, synthetic fuel synthesis, biological pathways (algae cultivation).\n          CCS \u2014 post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture, oxyfuel combustion, pipeline transport, geological storage.\n          CDR \u2014 afforestation, biochar incorporation, enhanced mineral weathering, DAC, bioenergy with CCS (BECCS).\n        \n        Real-world examples and case studies\n        \n          Norway\u2019s Sleipner CCS project \u2014 over 20 million tonnes of CO\u2082 stored since 1996.\n          Iceland\u2019s Orca DAC facility (Climeworks) \u2014 the world\u2019s largest DAC plant, actively removing CO\u2082 and storing it underground.\n          Japan\u2019s Tomakomai CCS demonstration \u2014 captured and securely stored approximately 300,000 tonnes of CO\u2082, demonstrating feasibility and safety.\n        \n          Your next step towards net zero\n          \n            CCU, CCS, and CDR represent powerful strategies necessary to combat climate change. While each has unique strengths and challenges, their combined application can significantly strengthen sustainability efforts. Adopting these technologies now positions businesses, communities, and governments for a resilient, sustainable future.\n          \n        Take action now\n        \n          Ready to drive sustainability and open new opportunities in the carbon economy? Tell DEISO your scope, timeline, and target outcome, and we will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n        \n          Request a quotation \u2192\n          Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Unlocking the Carbon Economy: How CCU, CCS &amp; CDR are Shaping Our Future\" data-d=\"1751661252\" data-m=\"1786361467\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/unlocking-the-carbon-economy-how-ccu-ccs-cdr-are-shaping-our-future\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_Product_Carbon_Footprint3-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_Product_Carbon_Footprint3-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_Product_Carbon_Footprint3-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_Product_Carbon_Footprint3-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_Product_Carbon_Footprint3.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_Product_Carbon_Footprint3-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">5 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/unlocking-the-carbon-economy-how-ccu-ccs-cdr-are-shaping-our-future\">Unlocking the Carbon Economy: How CCU, CCS &amp; CDR are Shaping Our Future<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Introduction In the urgent race to mitigate climate change, innovative strategies such as Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU), Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), and Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR)\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/unlocking-the-carbon-economy-how-ccu-ccs-cdr-are-shaping-our-future\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Unlocking the Carbon Economy: How CCU, CCS &amp; CDR are Shaping Our Future\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Partners with Framence to Bring Digital Twin Innovation to Asia and the Middle East News Press Release Press release\n        DEISO partners with Framence to bring digital twin innovation to Asia and the Middle East\n        Tokyo, Japan \u2014 July 1, 2025\n        \n          DEISO LLC, a Japan-based leader in environmental sustainability and analysis, has entered a strategic partnership with Framence GmbH, a German pioneer in photorealistic digital twin technology. Under this agreement, DEISO becomes Framence\u2019s official distribution and sustainability partner across Japan, the Middle East (including Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, and Oman), and Southeast and East Asia (including South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, and Hong Kong).\n        \n        Scope of the collaboration\n        \n          The collaboration lets DEISO support the regional deployment of Framence\u2019s advanced digital twin platform and co-develop tailored sustainability use cases. Together, the companies are preparing for future integration of features such as:\n        \n        \n          Dynamic environmental impact visualization\n          Automated ESG and regulatory alignment reporting (e.g., ISO 14044, EN 15804, GHG Protocol)\n          AI-supported sustainability storytelling\n          Smart city solutions and co-branded R&amp;D modules\n        \n        \n          This partnership targets high-impact sectors, including infrastructure, energy, manufacturing, the chemical industry, and research, offering organizations the ability to digitize, visualize, and gradually transform their sustainability approach across operations and systems.\n        \n          \n            \u201cThis partnership represents a step forward in immersive, data-driven environmental transformation. It supports day-to-day operational monitoring and awareness of environmental performance, supports remote oversight of industrial systems, and opens the door to meaningful integrations between digital twins and AI-supported sustainability solutions. Through our collaboration with Framence, we are laying the groundwork for the visual layer of next-generation sustainability.\u201d\n          \n          \u2014 Dr. Mahdi Ikhlayel, Director of R&amp;D, DEISO LLC\n        About DEISO\n        \n          Branded as your partner in engineering sustainability, innovation, environmental process engineering, digital sustainability, and premium training, DEISO is a Japan-based environmental sustainability company with a global outlook. It produces science-based consultation, solutions, and AI-supported products across industries and research sectors. DEISO provides consultancy and training that equips organizations to achieve measurable results, drive net-zero strategies, and lead the transformation to a circular economy at scale.\n        \n        https:\/\/dei.so\n        About Framence\n        \n          Framence is a pioneer in the development of photorealistic digital twins for buildings and industrial environments. Framence\u2019s technology lets companies create highly accurate digital twins of technical assets and entire technical environments. By using Framence\u2019s digital twins, companies can significantly optimize planning processes, keep operations more efficient, and thereby realize important financial benefits and savings.\n        \n        For more information, visit www.framence.com.\n        Press contact \u2014 DEISO LLC\n          Media enquiries\n          Yuki Kimura \u2014 Corporate Communications\n          Shiodome Shibarikyu Building, Tokyo, Japan\n          info@dei.so\" data-s=\"DEISO Partners with Framence to Bring Digital Twin Innovation to Asia and the Middle East\" data-d=\"1751372517\" data-m=\"1786361664\" data-cat=\"7,1503\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-partners-with-framence-to-bring-digital-twin-innovation-to-asia-and-the-middle-east\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"462\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/framence_pm_partnerschaft_deiso-768x462.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/framence_pm_partnerschaft_deiso-768x462.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/framence_pm_partnerschaft_deiso-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/framence_pm_partnerschaft_deiso-1024x616.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/framence_pm_partnerschaft_deiso-1536x924.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/framence_pm_partnerschaft_deiso-1920x1155.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">1 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-partners-with-framence-to-bring-digital-twin-innovation-to-asia-and-the-middle-east\">DEISO Partners with Framence to Bring Digital Twin Innovation to Asia and the Middle East<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Press release DEISO partners with Framence to bring digital twin innovation to Asia and the Middle East Tokyo, Japan \u2014 July 1, 2025 DEISO LLC, a Japan-based leader\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-partners-with-framence-to-bring-digital-twin-innovation-to-asia-and-the-middle-east\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Partners with Framence to Bring Digital Twin Innovation to Asia and the Middle East\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO and IGSC Sign Strategic Memorandum of Understanding News Press Release Press release\n        DEISO and IGSC sign strategic memorandum of understanding\n        Tokyo, Japan \u2014 June 15, 2025\n        \n          DEISO LLC is pleased to announce the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Institute of Global Sustainability Certification (IGSC), an internationally accredited certification and verification body based in South Korea.\n        \n        \n          This strategic partnership marks the beginning of a strong collaboration aimed at advancing global sustainability practices, accelerating innovation, and scaling impact across industries. Under this Memorandum of Understanding, DEISO and IGSC will cooperate in the fields of Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) verification, sustainability training, environmental consultancy, and the development of AI-supported platforms, as well as a new Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) certification framework.\n        \n        About IGSC\n        \n          The Institute of Global Sustainability Certification (IGSC) is an internationally accredited certification and verification body (ISO 17065, ISO 17029) specializing in the assessment and validation of environmental claims. IGSC provides ISO-based global sustainability certification, third-party audits, EPD verification, and carbon footprint assessments. With a global reach and strong technical foundations, IGSC produces independent, standards-aligned services that help exporters, manufacturers, and organizations meet increasingly complex environmental requirements.\n        \n          Visit\n          www.igsc.kr\/en\/main\n        About DEISO\n        \n          Branded as your partner in engineering sustainability, innovation, environmental process engineering, digital sustainability, and premium training \u2014 DEISO is a Japan-based environmental sustainability company with a global outlook, producing science-based consultation, services, and solutions, as well as AI-supported products and expert support across various industries, enterprises, and research institutions.\n        \n        \n          Recognized as a leader in sustainability analysis, DEISO specializes in environmental sustainability, covering areas such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Product Carbon Footprint (PCF), Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs), and ESG integration. In addition to technology development, DEISO actively provides environmental consultancy to organizations aiming to strengthen their climate and sustainability strategies.\n        \n        \n          Through enterprise-grade sustainability training programs \u2014 run onsite, offsite, and remotely \u2014 DEISO equips organizations to achieve measurable results, support net-zero transitions, and drive the long-term transformation of the circular economy, ultimately creating a lasting global impact.\n        \n        Areas of collaboration\n        Under the scope of the MoU, the two organizations will pursue the following:\n        \n          Joint provision of EPD verification and sustainability consulting\n          Running collaborative sustainability training programs\n          Pilot use of DEISO\u2019s AI platforms\n          Co-development of a Social LCA (S-LCA) certification framework\n          Mutual visibility through branding and shared communication channels\n          Execution of a shared action plan covering June 2025 \u2013 June 2026\n        \n        Benefits for clients and stakeholders\n        This partnership brings immediate and long-term value to clients and partners of both DEISO and IGSC:\n        \n          One-stop access to internationally recognized EPD verification services and advanced consultancy on sustainability, LCA, and ESG strategies.\n          Accelerated pathways to product certifications, training completion, and verifier qualifications under a harmonized framework.\n          Early access to AI-supported tools that simplify complex sustainability workflows, emissions modeling, and reporting requirements.\n          Co-branded training and education programs, increasing international recognition and value for certificates and credentials.\n          Greater outreach and multilingual service coverage across Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, and beyond, supported by both organizations\u2019 networks.\" data-s=\"DEISO and IGSC Sign Strategic Memorandum of Understanding\" data-d=\"1750345648\" data-m=\"1786362027\" data-cat=\"7,1503\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-and-igsc-sign-strategic-memorandum-of-understanding\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"542\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/igsc_logo-768x542.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/igsc_logo-768x542.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/igsc_logo-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/igsc_logo-1024x723.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/igsc_logo.jpg 1442w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">20 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-and-igsc-sign-strategic-memorandum-of-understanding\">DEISO and IGSC Sign Strategic Memorandum of Understanding<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Press release DEISO and IGSC sign strategic memorandum of understanding Tokyo, Japan \u2014 June 15, 2025 DEISO LLC is pleased to announce the signing of a Memorandum of\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-and-igsc-sign-strategic-memorandum-of-understanding\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO and IGSC Sign Strategic Memorandum of Understanding\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Unlock Sustainability, Productivity, and Efficiency with DEISO\u2019s FREE Toolkit Blog Posts Free toolkit\n    Unlock sustainability, productivity, and efficiency with DEISO\u2019s free toolkit\n    At DEISO, we believe powerful tools shouldn\u2019t come with a heavy price tag or technical hurdles. That\u2019s why we created DEISO Tool Kit Free \u2014 a growing suite of smart, browser-based tools built to make your sustainability work, academic writing, ESG strategy, and digital productivity faster, easier, and completely free.\n    Whether you\u2019re conducting an LCA, planning a research paper, or setting ESG priorities, these tools are built for real-world impact.\n  \n    What it is\n    What is the DEISO Tool Kit Free?\n    It\u2019s a curated collection of AI-supported and non-AI tools built to:\n    \n      Save time on repetitive tasks\n      Improve clarity in communication\n      Speed up sustainability and ESG workflows\n      Equip academic and technical users with ready-to-use outputs\n    \n    All tools are:\n    \n      100% free\n      No installations\n      No login or subscriptions\n      Mobile and browser friendly\n    \n  \n    What\u2019s inside\n    Tool spotlights\n    Here are the five tools currently available, with more coming soon.\n        Eco CFs Finder AI\n        A free, AI-supported assistant for retrieving Characterization Factors (CFs) used in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) from methods like EF v3.1, IPCC 2021, IMPACT 2002+, and CML-IA Baseline. Search by chemical name, formula, or category. Analyze files. Compare methods. Output data in table format for instant reporting.\n        Try Eco CFs Finder AI \u2192\n        Academic Outline Generator\n        Generate structured outlines for theses, reports, and research papers tailored to your academic level, discipline, and purpose. Whether you\u2019re drafting a dissertation or a sustainability strategy document, this tool saves hours and produces export-ready content instantly.\n        Try Academic Outline Generator \u2192\n        TextCraft AI\n        A one-stop solution offering 53 no-code tools for summarizing, rephrasing, translating, formatting, converting, extracting, and writing emails. From Markdown generators to HTML table builders and email tone adjusters \u2014 it\u2019s all inside this clean, browser-based tool for writers, coders, and researchers.\n        Try TextCraft AI \u2192\n        ESG Priority Mapper\n        A downloadable Excel tool that helps you map stakeholder importance against business impact for key ESG topics like climate, circularity, and equity. Generate a clear 2D materiality matrix aligned with GRI, SASB, or CSRD frameworks \u2014 useful for ESG teams, consultants, and academics.\n        Download ESG Priority Mapper \u2192\n        Online Code Editor\n        Write and test code for your sustainability projects or prototype ideas on the fly using this browser-based, beginner-friendly code editor. It supports JavaScript, HTML, CSS, Python, and more \u2014 suited to students, developers, and professionals alike. With real-time syntax highlighting, theme switching, and zero setup, it offers a fast coding experience. Whether you\u2019re building a webpage, experimenting with formulas, or learning to code, it\u2019s an easy multi-language editor in the browser.\n        Try Online Code Editor \u2192\n  \n    Why use it\n    Why use the DEISO Tool Kit Free?\n    \n      Built for real-world sustainability, ESG, and research tasks\n      No software. No bloat. No paywalls.\n      Smart, capable, and ready to use in seconds\n      Suited to workshops, strategy, LCA, training, and daily tasks\n      Made with care by DEISO LLC\n    \n  \n    Next step\n    Try it now\n    Explore the full toolkit, then share it with a colleague or use it in your next class, team meeting, or project.\n      Questions or suggestions? We\u2019d welcome your feedback at info@deiso.co.jp\n      Explore all tools \u2192\n    DEISO Tool Kit Free \u2014 because real change starts with simple tools that work.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tUse DEISO ToolKIT Free\" data-s=\"Unlock Sustainability, Productivity, and Efficiency with DEISO\u2019s FREE Toolkit\" data-d=\"1749369149\" data-m=\"1786362081\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/unlock-sustainability-productivity-and-efficiency-with-deisos-free-toolkit\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_toolkit_free-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_toolkit_free-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_toolkit_free-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_toolkit_free-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_toolkit_free-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_toolkit_free.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_toolkit_free-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_toolkit_free-900x900.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">8 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/unlock-sustainability-productivity-and-efficiency-with-deisos-free-toolkit\">Unlock Sustainability, Productivity, and Efficiency with DEISO\u2019s FREE Toolkit<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Free toolkit Unlock sustainability, productivity, and efficiency with DEISO\u2019s free toolkit At DEISO, we believe powerful tools shouldn\u2019t come with a heavy price tag or technical hurdles. That\u2019s\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/unlock-sustainability-productivity-and-efficiency-with-deisos-free-toolkit\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Unlock Sustainability, Productivity, and Efficiency with DEISO\u2019s FREE Toolkit\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Now Free: Eco CFs Finder AI \u2014 The Free Tool for Characterization Factor Lookup  Now free\n        Eco CFs Finder AI \u2014 the free tool for characterization factor lookup\n        \n          We are pleased to announce that the Eco CFs Finder AI (Standard Version) is now officially available to the public \u2014 100% free of charge. Whether you are a sustainability professional, LCA practitioner, academic researcher, or EPD developer, this tool helps you instantly find Characterization Factors (CFs) across major Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) methods \u2014 all without registration or cost.\n        \n          Access the tool and documentation\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/ecofinder\n        What is Eco CFs Finder AI?\n        \n          Eco CFs Finder AI is a free, AI-supported platform that lets you retrieve CFs by pollutant, impact category, or LCIA method. Supported methods include:\n        \n        \n          EF v3.1\n          IPCC 2021 GWP\n          IMPACT 2002+\n          CML-IA Baseline\n          ReCiPe 2016 (more coming soon)\n        \n        \n          From climate change to acidification, and from air emissions to water discharges, this tool makes CF identification faster, smarter, and more accessible than before. It is built specifically for LCA modeling, EPD creation, sustainable product development, and more.\n        \n        Key features\n        \n          Retrieve CFs by pollutant name or formula (e.g., CO\u2082, CH\u2084)\n          Compare CFs across multiple LCIA methods\n          Tabulate results in a clean, readable format\n          Explore environmental impact categories per method\n          Analyze uploaded files for CF extraction\n          Fully browser-based \u2014 no login, no installation, no cost\n        \n        Want an advanced interface?\n        \n          We have also developed a more graphically richer version of the tool, featuring a dynamic UI \u2014 suited to visual learners and data enthusiasts.\n        \n        https:\/\/dei.so\/mailing-list\n        Stay updated \u2014 new LCIA methods coming soon\n        \n          We continually expand the database to include more LCIA methods, regional variants, and industry-specific impact models. To stay updated on new method integrations and tool upgrades, subscribe to our newsletter:\n        \n        Subscribe for updates\n          Please note\n          This tool is not built to provide emission factors. Its focus is solely on producing Characterization Factors (CFs) for the LCIA phase of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) models.\n        What will you get?\n        \n          Characterization Factor Finder tool\n          Free CFs AI tools\n          CFs of the LCIA method comparison\n          IPCC GWP\n          EF 3.1 CF values\n          Open access CF lookup\n          AI for sustainability tools\n        \n        Start using Eco CFs Finder AI today\n        Free, fast, and no login required.\n          Open Eco CFs Finder AI \u2192\n          Subscribe for updates \u2192\" data-s=\"Now Free: Eco CFs Finder AI \u2014 The Free Tool for Characterization Factor Lookup\" data-d=\"1749212305\" data-m=\"1786366143\" data-cat=\"\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/now-free-eco-cfs-finder-ai-the-free-tool-for-characterization-factor-lookup\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_ecocfsfinder_ai-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_ecocfsfinder_ai-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_ecocfsfinder_ai-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_ecocfsfinder_ai-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_ecocfsfinder_ai.jpg 1216w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-date\">6 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/now-free-eco-cfs-finder-ai-the-free-tool-for-characterization-factor-lookup\">Now Free: Eco CFs Finder AI \u2014 The Free Tool for Characterization Factor Lookup<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Now free Eco CFs Finder AI \u2014 the free tool for characterization factor lookup We are pleased to announce that the Eco CFs Finder AI (Standard Version) is\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/now-free-eco-cfs-finder-ai-the-free-tool-for-characterization-factor-lookup\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Now Free: Eco CFs Finder AI \u2014 The Free Tool for Characterization Factor Lookup\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Mirai AI Pro Just Got Smarter with Version 3.3.2 Blog Posts Product update\r\n        Mirai AI Pro got smarter with version 3.3.2\r\n        \r\n          At DEISO, we work continuously to produce world-class features for our clients, especially across our AI-supported services, training platforms, and communication tools. With that said, we are pleased to announce the launch of our latest version:\r\n        \r\n        Mirai AI Pro v3.3.2\r\n        \r\n          This update brings a set of improvements that make your experience more intelligent, responsive, and human-centered than ever before.\r\n        \r\n        What\u2019s new in v3.3.2\r\n        Below is a full breakdown of every new feature introduced in this release:\r\n        1. WhatsApp handoff intelligence\r\n        Mirai AI now understands when you want to speak with a real person. It will offer an instant WhatsApp handoff when users mention:\r\n        \r\n          \u201cTalk to a real person\u201d\r\n          \u201cSpeak to support\u201d\r\n          \u201cConnect me to the DEISO team\u201d\r\n        \r\n          Need to talk to a human expert right now? Chat with the DEISO team directly via WhatsApp \u2014 fast, friendly, and ready to help you.\r\n        2. Smart blog suggestion engine\r\n        Mirai AI now integrates directly with DEISO Insights. It can:\r\n        \r\n          Recommend the right service page based on your query\r\n          Reinforce the Knowledge Edge Hub as a source of services and thought leadership\r\n        \r\n        3. Design improvements and faster responses\r\n        We have improved the interface design and significantly reduced response time to user inquiries.\r\n        4. Command pattern matching system\r\n        Mirai AI now understands structured requests. This makes prompting smoother, and the experience feels like talking to a real assistant.\r\n        5. Dynamic version display in footer and title\r\n        Mirai AI now automatically reflects the version number (v3.3.2) across:\r\n        \r\n          Title display\r\n          Footer signature\r\n          Feature table\r\n        \r\n        No manual updates are needed anymore \u2014 fewer errors, more consistency.\r\n        6. Dedicated WhatsApp CTA always present\r\n        To keep support visible, the WhatsApp contact CTA now appears:\r\n        \r\n          In every footer\r\n          As a styled block\r\n          With bold formatting, so users never miss support options\r\n        \r\n  \r\n      \r\n        \r\n          \r\n            #\r\n            Feature\r\n            Prompt example\r\n            Description\r\n          \r\n        \r\n        \r\n          \r\n            1\r\n            Insights-based blog suggestions\r\n            \u201cSuggest me a post from the DEISO Insights blog on circular economy.\u201d\r\n            Mirai AI intelligently recommends DEISO blog posts relevant to user queries.\r\n          \r\n          \r\n            2\r\n            WhatsApp handoff\r\n            \u201cCan I speak with someone on the team?\u201d\r\n            Detects intent to speak with a human and offers WhatsApp support redirection.\r\n          \r\n          \r\n            3\r\n            Smart service matching\r\n            \u201cI need help with EPD for construction materials.\u201d\r\n            Suggests the most relevant DEISO service based on query context (training, consulting, etc.).\r\n          \r\n          \r\n            4\r\n            Dynamic version footer\r\n            (Automatically displayed)\r\n            Version number in footer syncs with top of the persona dynamically.\r\n          \r\n          \r\n            5\r\n            Structured training comparisons\r\n            \u201cCompare DEISO training levels for openLCA.\u201d\r\n            Displays dynamic DEISO-only comparison tables with pricing and level breakdowns.\r\n          \r\n          \r\n            6\r\n            Help command\r\n            \u201cHelp\u201d\r\n            Returns a structured prompt library categorized by use case.\r\n          \r\n          \r\n            7\r\n            Service &amp; country-specific guidance\r\n            \u201cWhat service is best for carbon reporting in Japan?\u201d\r\n            Returns tailored DEISO recommendations using integrated blog and service content.\r\n          \r\n          \r\n            8\r\n            Prompt detection for blog vs. service need\r\n            \u201cDo you offer training in Saudi Arabia?\u201d\r\n            Understands user goal and provides service and relevant blog guidance together.\r\n          \r\n          \r\n            9\r\n            Persona branding and design integration\r\n            (System-level)\r\n            Persona reflects DEISO color palette, tone, logos, and naming rules in all messages.\r\n          \r\n          \r\n            10\r\n            Custom chat footers (non-negotiable)\r\n            (Automatically displayed)\r\n            Every response ends with a WhatsApp CTA and DEISO contact email on one line.\r\n          \r\n        \r\n      \r\n  \r\n      Next step\r\n      Try the new version yourself\r\n      \r\n        Ask Mirai about your scope, and it will point you to the right DEISO service or article \u2014 or send us the details directly and we will scope the work.\r\n      \r\n        Ask Mirai \u2192\" data-s=\"Mirai AI Pro Just Got Smarter with Version 3.3.2\" data-d=\"1748920261\" data-m=\"1789630847\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/mirai-ai-pro-just-got-smarter-with-version-3-3-2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_mirai_ai_pro.3.3.2-1-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_mirai_ai_pro.3.3.2-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_mirai_ai_pro.3.3.2-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_mirai_ai_pro.3.3.2-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_mirai_ai_pro.3.3.2-1.jpg 1228w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">3 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/mirai-ai-pro-just-got-smarter-with-version-3-3-2\">Mirai AI Pro Just Got Smarter with Version 3.3.2<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Product update Mirai AI Pro got smarter with version 3.3.2 At DEISO, we work continuously to produce world-class features for our clients, especially across our AI-supported services, training\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/mirai-ai-pro-just-got-smarter-with-version-3-3-2\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Mirai AI Pro Just Got Smarter with Version 3.3.2\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO\u2019s ESG Training: Building Asia\u2019s Next Generation of Leaders Blog Posts Introduction \u2014 The ESG Talent Gap in AsiaAsia is undergoing a rapid transformation in how businesses, governments, and institutions approach Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles. Regulatory pressures are intensifying. Investors are demanding transparency and measurable impact. Companies of all sizes are expected to act, not just talk, when it comes to sustainability and ethics.However, there\u2019s a critical problem: while the demand for ESG-driven leadership is soaring, the supply of qualified ESG professionals remains severely limited.This is where DEISO steps in. Through innovative, globally informed, and regionally adapted training programs, DEISO is cultivating the next generation of ESG leaders in Asia \u2014 individuals equipped not only with the frameworks and theory but also with the tools, data intelligence, and real-world insights to create change from day one.Section 1: The Challenge \u2013 Why ESG Skills Are in Short SupplyAs ESG frameworks become mandatory in many regions, organizations are struggling to find professionals who can effectively implement, monitor, and communicate ESG strategies.In Asia, this challenge is even more pressing. While nations such as Japan, Singapore, and the UAE are accelerating ESG-related disclosures, most educational systems and internal corporate training programs have not kept pace. Universities still focus on traditional sustainability modules without integrating the evolving ESG frameworks and tools. Meanwhile, businesses face mounting pressure to act, but often lack internal capacity and qualified personnel.There is a clear mismatch: companies are expected to align with CSRD, TCFD, GRI, and SDG reporting standards \u2014 yet few staff members are trained to meet those expectations.DEISO recognized this gap early and developed tailored programs specifically designed to bridge it. From foundational ESG literacy to strategic AI-powered ESG implementation, DEISO helps individuals and enterprises fill this urgent capability gap with precision.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 2: The Data Behind the Shift \u2013 Trends Shaping ESG CareersThe surge in ESG awareness is no longer theoretical\u2014it&#039;s showing up in hiring trends, corporate structures, and board-level priorities.In the past three years alone, ESG-related job postings in Asia have increased by over 230%. Titles such as &quot;Sustainability Officer,&quot; &quot;ESG Data Analyst,&quot; and &quot;Responsible Investment Manager&quot; are becoming core roles across finance, manufacturing, technology, and even the public sector.A recent survey revealed that 7 out of 10 HR managers in large Asian companies struggle to recruit for ESG roles. The primary reason? A shortage of candidates with verified, practical ESG training and familiarity with global reporting frameworks.Companies in Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, and the GCC are rapidly scaling internal sustainability teams, but often lack the internal know-how to deliver results. Many are turning to external consultants or rushing underprepared staff into ESG responsibilities.This gap signals not just an employment issue, but a strategic risk. Without qualified ESG leaders, companies face increased exposure to regulatory penalties, poor investor ratings, and erosion of public trust.DEISO&#039;s training programs are designed to close this gap by equipping professionals with globally recognized ESG skills and AI-powered competencies that employers now consider essential.Section 3: DEISO&#039;s Strategic Approach \u2013 What Makes Our Training DifferentDEISO doesn&#039;t just teach ESG\u2014it builds leaders who can drive ESG transformation from within.Unlike generic courses or compliance-driven webinars, DEISO&#039;s training programs are carefully designed to blend global ESG standards with real-world regional application. The goal is not just to inform, but to empower professionals with the confidence and competence to lead ESG change.Each DEISO training program includes:Deep dives into global ESG frameworks like GRI, SASB, CSRD, SDGs, and TCFDPractical case studies rooted in Asian markets and regulatory contextsESG data interpretation and visualization skills using real reporting platformsSimulations of stakeholder engagement and ESG strategy executionPersonal mentorship from certified trainers with global ESG experienceOptional micro-credentials and certification aligned with international benchmarksWhether you&#039;re a sustainability consultant, a compliance officer, or a corporate executive, DEISO&#039;s training is tailored to your role and ambitions.The result: professionals graduate not only with theory, but also with hands-on capabilities, ready to report, lead, and transform ESG performance in any organization.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 4: Technology &amp; Tools That Empower the LearningAt DEISO, technology isn\u2019t an add-on\u2014it\u2019s a core pillar of the learning experience.Every DEISO ESG training program is integrated with digital tools that reflect the way real-world ESG work is conducted today. These tools don\u2019t just teach theory; they immerse learners in actual ESG workflows used by sustainability teams, consultants, and reporting officers across industries.Key technologies include:DEISO Spark AI \u2013 A powerful AI tool that helps trainees analyze ESG risks, identify gaps, and generate regulatory-compliant reports with speed and precision.EcoIN Data AI \u2013 Enables learners to extract and process ESG-related data from complex documents, databases, and reports\u2014skills critical for effective disclosure.Interactive ESG Dashboards \u2013 Hands-on modules that allow participants to build, customize, and interpret dashboards tailored to industry-specific ESG KPIs.By training with these tools, professionals graduate not just understanding ESG\u2014they know how to do ESG with agility and accuracy.These technologies also simulate real-world scenarios, such as stakeholder reporting, CSRD-aligned data tracking, or scenario-based ESG risk modeling, ensuring that every trainee can think strategically and deliver results from day one.Section 5: DEISO\u2019s Dual ESG Training Pathways \u2013 Foundational and AI-Powered MasteryDEISO understands that ESG learners are not all the same. That\u2019s why it offers two distinct pathways\u2014one for professionals building their foundation and another for enterprises ready to scale their ESG performance with advanced tools and strategies.Professional ESG Fundamentals TrainingThis entry-level program is designed for professionals and teams seeking to establish a solid foundation in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles. It covers:Global ESG standards such as GRI, SASB, and TCFDThe essentials of ESG strategy, governance, and riskRegulatory reporting obligations and best practicesStakeholder communication, materiality mapping, and real-world case studiesESG compliance trends in Asia and international marketsBy the end of this course, participants will have gained the clarity, vocabulary, and analytical tools necessary to participate in and lead ESG initiatives with confidence.Strategic ESG Mastery &amp; AI-Powered Reporting for EnterprisesThis advanced course is purpose-built for mid- to senior-level professionals, teams, and enterprises seeking high-impact ESG performance. The focus is on integrating AI into ESG workstreams for accuracy, speed, and credibility.Topics include:Designing enterprise-grade ESG strategiesBuilding automated AI-based reporting systemsScenario modeling for ESG risks and stakeholder engagementAdvanced reporting aligned with CSRD, ISSB, and SDGsApplied tools: DEISO Spark AI and EcoIN Data AI for compliance and performanceTrainees walk away with not only expert-level knowledge but also the ability to build or improve real ESG systems inside their organizations.Explore the AI-powered training in detail:https:\/\/dei.so\/esg-training-strategic-esg-mastery-ai-powered-reporting-for-enterprisesSection 6: The Imperative of Integrating AI into ESG TrainingIn today\u2019s ESG landscape, training without technology is incomplete.AI has transformed how companies approach sustainability. From automating complex data collection to generating real-time impact forecasts, AI helps organizations move beyond compliance and toward leadership. That\u2019s why integrating AI into ESG training isn\u2019t just a value-add; it\u2019s a strategic necessity.Here\u2019s how AI is reshaping ESG practices, and why DEISO embeds it across its training:Faster Data Collection &amp; ProcessingAI tools can scrape, clean, and organize ESG data from reports, supplier disclosures, and online sources, cutting weeks of manual work down to hours.Higher Accuracy in ReportingWith AI models trained on regulatory and framework-specific rules, reporting errors and inconsistencies are dramatically reduced.Verification and Audit ReadinessAI-driven ESG systems can track every data source and change, making third-party verification and audit preparation seamless and efficient.Real-Time Risk MonitoringAI tools alert teams to emerging ESG risks across the supply chain, social metrics, or governance issues, allowing rapid intervention.Scenario Modeling and Strategic PlanningMachine learning can simulate the outcomes of ESG decisions, helping companies plan their emissions strategies, social investments, or governance improvements with confidence.By integrating AI into ESG training, DEISO ensures that participants are not only ESG fluent but also future-proofed. They graduate with the ability to lead ESG transformation with speed, precision, and trust.Section 7: Conclusion \u2013 Building the Future of ESG LeadershipThe path to sustainability leadership in Asia depends not just on policies or ambitions\u2014but on people.Equipping professionals with the right ESG skills, tools, and strategic mindset is the foundation of lasting impact. DEISO is committed to this mission. Through its dual training pathways\u2014fundamentals and AI-powered mastery\u2014it helps individuals transform into confident ESG leaders ready to drive change at every level.Whether you&#039;re an emerging professional, a sustainability team lead, or an executive driving ESG transformation, DEISO offers more than a course. It offers a launchpad for purpose-driven leadership.By aligning rigorous ESG education with next-generation technology, DEISO ensures that every graduate is equipped not just to understand ESG\u2014but to lead it.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 8: Call to Action \u2013 Ready to Lead the ESG Future?The demand for skilled ESG professionals in Asia is growing rapidly, and the opportunity to lead is now.Whether you&#039;re looking to build foundational ESG skills or master AI-powered ESG reporting and strategy, DEISO is here to guide your journey. Join the ranks of forward-thinking professionals and enterprises shaping a more transparent, responsible, and sustainable future.Take the first step today:Explore upcoming training cohortsBook a private consultation with our ESG expertsJoin a certified leadership track tailored to your goalsContact DEISO now and start building your ESG leadership legacy:https:\/\/dei.so\/contact\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tESG Training: Strategic ESG Mastery &amp; AI-Powered Reporting for Enterprises\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tContact Us\" data-s=\"DEISO\u2019s ESG Training: Building Asia\u2019s Next Generation of Leaders\" data-d=\"1748892857\" data-m=\"1789630841\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deisos-esg-training-building-asias-next-generation-of-leaders\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"1152\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/esg_asisa5-768x1152.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/esg_asisa5-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/esg_asisa5-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/esg_asisa5-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/esg_asisa5.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">3 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 8 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deisos-esg-training-building-asias-next-generation-of-leaders\">DEISO\u2019s ESG Training: Building Asia\u2019s Next Generation of Leaders<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Introduction \u2014 The ESG Talent Gap in AsiaAsia is undergoing a rapid transformation in how businesses, governments, and institutions approach Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles. Regulatory pressures\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deisos-esg-training-building-asias-next-generation-of-leaders\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO\u2019s ESG Training: Building Asia\u2019s Next Generation of Leaders\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Why Carbon Accounting Fails\u2014and How DEISO\u2019s Hybrid Model Fixes It Blog Posts Introduction\n        The carbon accounting conundrum\n        \n          Across industries, sustainability has shifted from a corporate buzzword to a strategic necessity. Yet one crucial domain remains fundamentally flawed: carbon accounting. Despite bold net-zero targets, most companies rely on outdated, error-prone methodologies that misrepresent their true emissions profile, especially for Scope 3.\n        \n        \n          DEISO, a Japan-based environmental sustainability firm, has developed a hybrid carbon accounting model that combines science-based LCA methods, AI-supported analytics, and expert validation. It is not a patch \u2014 it is a structural fix for what is broken in today\u2019s carbon reporting systems.\n        \n        Section 1\n        Why carbon accounting is fundamentally broken\n        While businesses and governments scramble to reduce emissions, carbon accounting practices remain decades behind. Many still:\n        \n          Use spreadsheets or outdated software that is prone to manual errors.\n          Rely on generic emission factors that fail to capture regional, industry-specific, or product-level differences.\n          Struggle with Scope 3 data, often filling gaps with assumptions instead of facts.\n          Operate in silos, with no integration between procurement, sustainability, finance, and regulatory teams.\n        \n        \n          Worse still, current practices often reduce carbon accounting to a check-the-box exercise, undermining its potential to drive real-world impact.\n        \n          The scale of the error\n          This creates a dangerous illusion of progress, with over- or under-estimations reaching as high as 30\u201340% in large enterprises.\n          The brokenness is not in the intention \u2014 it is in the framework.\n        Section 2\n        Trends and data insights \u2014 the pressure is real\n        \n          The carbon accounting landscape is undergoing a seismic transformation driven by regulation, capital markets, and climate science. A few data points underscore the urgency:\n        \n          What the numbers show\n          \n            According to the CDP, 75% of global emissions reported by companies fall under Scope 3, yet less than 50% disclose them with any accuracy.\n            The EU\u2019s Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) requires verified, product-level carbon data, especially for goods crossing borders.\n            Investment firms managing over $100 trillion now require auditable, science-based carbon disclosures for ESG regulatory alignment.\n          \n        \n          In Japan, where DEISO operates, the GX League and new MOE guidelines put further pressure on companies to upgrade carbon reporting across their supply chains.\n        \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n  \n        Section 3\n        DEISO\u2019s hybrid model \u2014 strategic, verified, intelligent\n        \n          At DEISO, we believe carbon accounting must evolve from a passive report card to a proactive strategy. Our hybrid model combines three critical layers:\n        \n        \n          \n            Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) &amp; Product Carbon Footprinting (PCF) \u2014 grounded in ISO 14067 and EN 15804, we calculate accurate cradle-to-gate or cradle-to-grave emissions using global databases such as ecoinvent, Sphera\/GaBi, and Agribalyse.\n          \n          \n            AI-supported emissions data analysis \u2014 DEISO\u2019s proprietary AI extracts, classifies, and updates emission factors from diverse sources, including scientific journals, supplier reports, and regulatory databases.\n          \n          \n            Expert validation and human oversight \u2014 our sustainability professionals cross-verify AI-calculated results to confirm they align with your business model, geographic scope, and regulatory environment.\n          \n        \n          Key differentiators\n          \n            Verifiable outputs for EPDs and GHG disclosures\n            Full integration with OpenLCA, SimaPro, and DEISO Visly\n            Capability to run scenario analyses for decarbonization pathways\n          \n        Section 4\n        Technology stack behind the model\n        \n          Unlike rigid off-the-shelf software, DEISO\u2019s model is built to adapt across industries, regulatory levels, and corporate maturity levels. Here is a closer look at our stack:\n        \n        AI carbon engine\n        \n          Extracts accurate, real-time emission factors\n          Classifies data by flow, medium, and geography\n          Auto-updates regulatory thresholds (e.g., IPCC 2021)\n        \n        LCA modeling platforms\n        \n          Compatibility with SimaPro, openLCA, GaBi\n          Integration of process-level data across Scope 1\u20133\n        \n        DEISO Visly\n        \n          Interactive dashboards for emissions insight\n          Drill-down views for procurement, product lines, or countries\n          Scenario modeling for decarbonization planning\n        \n        Regulatory alignment and review framework\n        \n          Templates for EPDs, ISO\/GHG reports\n          Alignment with CSRD, ISSB, and regional frameworks\n        \n  \n        Section 5\n        Real-world impact \u2014 a Tokyo case study\n          Engagement profile\n          Client profile: mid-sized electronics manufacturer in Tokyo\n          Challenge: greenwashing allegations due to inconsistent Scope 3 disclosures\n          Engagement: 3-month project using DEISO\u2019s hybrid model\n        Outcome highlights\n        \n          +47% improvement in carbon footprint accuracy\n          Developed three certified Product Carbon Footprints (PCFs)\n          Supported full alignment with ISO 14067\n          Integrated footprint outputs into an EPD verified by an external program operator\n          Equipped internal teams with DEISO\u2019s training modules on carbon accounting\n        \n          This transformation was not just a technical fix \u2014 it became a reputation-saving pivot for the company\u2019s ESG strategy.\n        Section 6\n        Conclusion \u2014 fix carbon accounting before it costs you\n        \n          Carbon accounting is no longer a niche reporting task \u2014 it is central to investor confidence, market access, and long-term climate resilience. Yet most systems in use today are not just outdated, they are misleading.\n        \n        \n          DEISO\u2019s hybrid model offers clarity, accuracy, and verification that traditional approaches cannot. Backed by LCA science, smart automation, and expert oversight, it is built to serve businesses that are serious about climate leadership, not just regulatory alignment.\n        \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Why Carbon Accounting Fails\u2014and How DEISO\u2019s Hybrid Model Fixes It\" data-d=\"1748855196\" data-m=\"1789630833\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-carbon-accounting-fails-and-how-deisos-hybrid-model-fixes-it\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_carbon_hybrid_1-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_carbon_hybrid_1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_carbon_hybrid_1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_carbon_hybrid_1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_carbon_hybrid_1-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deiso_carbon_hybrid_1.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">2 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-carbon-accounting-fails-and-how-deisos-hybrid-model-fixes-it\">Why Carbon Accounting Fails\u2014and How DEISO\u2019s Hybrid Model Fixes It<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Introduction The carbon accounting conundrum Across industries, sustainability has shifted from a corporate buzzword to a strategic necessity. Yet one crucial domain remains fundamentally flawed: carbon accounting. Despite\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-carbon-accounting-fails-and-how-deisos-hybrid-model-fixes-it\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Why Carbon Accounting Fails\u2014and How DEISO\u2019s Hybrid Model Fixes It\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"How AI-Driven Compliance Audits Save Companies Millions in Environmental Fines Blog Posts Table of Contents\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 1: The Hidden Cost of Non-ComplianceEnvironmental compliance is not merely a legal requirement\u2014it is a central pillar of responsible business practice and long-term viability. At DEISO, we help companies navigate the increasing global scrutiny of emissions, sustainability, and regulatory adherence, particularly in high-risk sectors such as manufacturing, energy, chemicals, and logistics.With the rise of carbon pricing, ESG disclosures, and frameworks such as ISO 14001, REACH, and EN 15804, the financial implications of non-compliance are skyrocketing. Missed requirements can result in multimillion-dollar fines, production halts, or loss of certification. These risks are compounded by outdated audit processes that fail to provide real-time oversight and control.At DEISO, we turn this challenge into an opportunity: AI-powered compliance audits that safeguard your business, enhance operational performance, and ensure excellence in sustainability.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 2: What Are AI-Driven Compliance Audits?AI-driven compliance audits, as delivered by DEISO, are not generic automation tools\u2014they are intelligent, sector-customized systems that continuously interpret regulatory changes, monitor environmental indicators, and predict potential non-conformities. These audits go beyond detection; they create actionable insight streams integrated across your LCA, GHG, and ESG platforms.At the core of DEISO\u2019s solution is DEISO Predict, our proprietary AI audit engine, designed to anticipate risks and automate alignment with environmental regulations, including ISO 14001, REACH, EN 15804, the GHG Protocol, and local standards for wastewater, air quality, and material use.Key Capabilities of DEISO Predicts:Continuous MonitoringPulls live environmental data from IoT sensors, factory systems, utility meters, and third-party LCA software (e.g., GaBi, SimaPro, OpenLCA).Regulatory Mapping IntelligenceCross-references live operational data with national and international legal requirements using Natural Language Processing (NLP).Violation Prediction\u00a0Engine flags\u00a0trends and patterns associated with prior non-compliance cases, industry risks, or enforcement alerts.Real-Time Alerts &amp; VisualizationSends immediate alerts to compliance officers with visual dashboards and recommended actions.Audit-Ready DocumentationGenerates structured evidence reports that support ISO audits, investor ESG reviews, and governmental inquiries.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 3: Why Traditional Compliance Audits Are FailingIn an era of rapidly evolving environmental legislation and growing pressure for transparency, traditional compliance audits are no longer enough. They were designed for slower regulatory cycles, simpler operations, and static data environments\u2014conditions that no longer exist.At DEISO, we\u2019ve worked with companies where manual audits resulted in costly oversights simply because teams lacked the tools to track regulatory changes in real time.Limitations of Traditional Auditing:Lag Time Between Audits:Quarterly or annual assessments create dangerous blind spots in compliance performance.Data Silos and Incompatibility:Manual reporting often relies on spreadsheets or static documentation that cannot communicate with LCA or ESG systems.High Human Error Risk:Interpreting complex standards, such as ISO 14044 or REACH, manually increases the likelihood of non-compliance.Lack of Scalability:As companies expand their operations or enter new jurisdictions, manual audits cannot keep pace with the growing diversity of regulations.Comparison Table: Traditional vs. DEISO AI-Driven Compliance Audits\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n  \n    \n      \n        Feature\n        Traditional Audits\n        DEISO AI Audits\n      \n    \n    \n      \n        Frequency\n        Quarterly or Annual\n        Real-time, Continuous\n      \n      \n        Risk Detection\n        Reactive\n        Predictive, Proactive\n      \n      \n        Scalability\n        Limited\n        Global and Modular\n      \n      \n        Integration\n        Fragmented or Manual\n        Full LCA, ESG, GHG Integration\n      \n      \n        Report Generation\n        Manual\n        Automated &amp; Audit-Ready\n      \n      \n        Business Impact\n        Costly and Delayed\n        Timely, Accurate, Strategic\n      \n    \n  \n\t\tSection 4: Financial and Strategic Impact of AI AuditsAt DEISO, we view environmental compliance not just as a safeguard, but as a strategic business lever. Our AI-powered audit solutions generate measurable financial returns and unlock long-term benefits in terms of reputation and environmental sustainability.Key Areas of Impact:Regulatory Fine PreventionA DEISO client in the European chemical industry avoided a \u20ac2.5 million fine thanks to an early alert on solvent emissions triggered by our AI violation prediction model.Downtime EliminationIn Japan, a DEISO-monitored electronics factory avoided a government-enforced shutdown by acting swiftly on real-time alerts. The company maintained operational continuity and protected an estimated $4 million in monthly revenue.ESG &amp; Certification PerformanceOur AI-generated audit reports aligned perfectly with ISO 14001 standards and were used to support improved CDP disclosures and third-party ESG assessments.Team EfficiencyCompanies report a 60\u201380% reduction in hours spent preparing for audits, freeing internal teams to focus on higher-value sustainability strategies.Bottom Line:Investing in AI compliance tools is not a cost center\u2014it\u2019s a revenue protection strategy and a certification accelerator.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n  \n    \n      \n        Financial Area\n        Annual Savings Estimate\n      \n    \n    \n      \n        Regulatory Fine Avoidance\n        $1M \u2013 $5M\n      \n      \n        Production Continuity\n        $300K \u2013 $2M\n      \n      \n        ESG Risk Mitigation\n        $100K \u2013 $800K\n      \n      \n        Staff Efficiency Improvement\n        $250K \u2013 $900K\n      \n    \n  \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 5: DEISO\u2019s AI-Powered Sustainability and Compliance ServicesDEISO is more than a software company\u2014we are a full-spectrum environmental intelligence provider. Our suite of services empowers organizations in high-risk and regulated industries to prevent violations, cut costs, and drive measurable ESG progress.We combine advanced AI technologies, sustainability expertise, and global training programs to create long-term compliance ecosystems for manufacturers, logistics providers, chemical producers, and energy-intensive sectors.a) DEISO Predict PlatformOur proprietary platform provides real-time compliance visibility and proactive risk alerts with:Violation prediction engine trained on multi-sector regulatory historiesReal-time dashboards tailored for decision-makers and sustainability officersFull integration with LCA software (SimaPro, GaBi, OpenLCA) and environmental databasesModular deployment for regional or enterprise-wide implementationb) Regulatory &amp; Sustainability Compliance ConsultingDEISO delivers specialized consulting for:International compliance mapping (ISO 14001, REACH, EN15804, GHG Protocol)Custom AI implementation strategiesSustainability audit optimizationThird-party verification support (e.g., EPD, ESG assurance)c) Premium Training ProgramsOur certified programs (available onsite in Tokyo or online globally) include:AI for Environmental ComplianceLCA Software Mastery (SimaPro, GaBi, openLCA)Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) DevelopmentESG and GHG Accounting ToolsISO 14040\/14044\/14067 Compliance FrameworksWe train compliance managers, engineers, researchers, and sustainability leaders using case-based, practical learning modules that focus on real-world applications.d) End-to-End System IntegrationWe ensure seamless connection between your AI audit engine and internal sustainability infrastructure:LCA systemsGHG inventory platformsESG reporting tools (e.g., Workiva, Enablon)EMS and ERP systemsDEISO is your integration partner, ensuring AI becomes a natural extension of your operational strategy.\u00a0Section 6: How DEISO Overcomes AI Adoption BarriersWhile the benefits of AI in compliance are clear, many organizations hesitate due to perceived risks associated with its implementation. At DEISO, we proactively address these concerns with hands-on strategies that ensure smooth deployment, user confidence, and a rapid return on investment (ROI).1. Perceived ComplexityChallenge:Many businesses assume that AI systems are difficult to understand, operate, or maintain.DEISO Solution:We provide plug-and-play AI modules with no-code interfaces, supported by dedicated onboarding specialists and visual dashboards. Our step-by-step deployment ensures that your team experiences value from the very first week.2. Privacy and Data SecurityChallenge:Companies worry about sensitive sustainability, emissions, or supply chain data being compromised.DEISO Solution:Our systems are fully compliant with ISO\/IEC 27001 and GDPR. Clients can choose between cloud-hosted and on-premises deployment, with full control over data access and encryption protocols.3. Internal Resistance to New TechnologiesChallenge:Teams may be skeptical or reluctant to change existing processes.DEISO Solution:We offer the DEISO Champion Program, which identifies and trains internal compliance leaders to drive adoption and demonstrate success. We also deliver interactive training sessions tailored to various stakeholder groups, ranging from C-level executives to plant managers.4. Cost and ROI JustificationChallenge:AI systems are often misunderstood as cost centers rather than value creators.DEISO Solution:We begin every project with an ROI Forecast Assessment, including estimated savings from fine prevention, time efficiency, and ESG improvements. Most DEISO clients see a return on investment within 12 to 16 months.DEISO makes AI not just accessible, but essential. We de-risk every aspect of adoption to ensure sustainability leaders and compliance professionals feel empowered, not overwhelmed.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 7: AI Compliance in the Chemical IndustryThe chemical industry is one of the most heavily regulated sectors globally, with complex standards governing emissions, hazardous materials, wastewater discharge, and international labeling. Non-compliance not only results in steep fines but also in environmental harm, operational shutdowns, and revoked certifications.DEISO provides sector-specific intelligence for AI-driven audits, tailored to the complexities of chemical manufacturing and distribution.Top Compliance Risks in the Chemical Sector:Emissions of Regulated SubstancesVOCs, NOx, and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) must be accurately monitored and reported.DEISO Predict maps emissions against regional and international standards, flagging exceedances in real-time.Storage and Handling of Dangerous GoodsImproper storage conditions or undocumented transfers lead to major violations.Our platform tracks material movement and environmental conditions, and cross-checks them against safety thresholds.REACH and GHS Compliance GapsCross-border shipment of substances requires multilingual and multi-format documentation, such as Safety Data Sheets (SDSs), labeling, and registration.DEISO\u2019s AI engine audits digital documentation for accuracy, completeness, and regulatory coverage.Why DEISO Is Uniquely Suited for the Chemical Industry:Integration with process data from SCADA, DCS, and IoT devicesCustomized regulatory mappings for REACH, CLP, TSCA, and country-specific chemical inventoriesVisual dashboards for plant managers and compliance officersMultilingual audit automation across supplier networks\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 8: DEISO\u2019s 5-Step Roadmap to AI Compliance ExcellenceImplementing AI-powered environmental compliance is not an overnight switch\u2014it\u2019s a structured journey. At DEISO, we guide clients through every phase of transformation using a proven, scalable framework designed for practical results and fast ROI.Step 1: Diagnostic AssessmentWe begin by conducting a compliance maturity and risk baseline tailored to your operations, sector, and regional footprint. This includes:Regulatory exposure assessmentData availability &amp; quality check (LCA, GHG, EMS inputs)Technology gap analysisStep 2: Strategy BlueprintDEISO designs a compliance architecture mapped to your unique needs:Industry-specific regulatory obligations (e.g., EN15804 for construction, REACH for chemicals)Integration plan with existing LCA, ERP, and ESG toolsAI goals aligned with sustainability KPIs and ROI objectivesStep 3: Deployment &amp; IntegrationWe deploy the DEISO Predict platform with minimal disruption and full compatibility:Live connection to sensors, SCADA, utility meters, and emissions logsSync with GHG accounting platforms and LCA modelsData standardization for immediate visualization and alertingStep 4: Training &amp; EnablementOur training covers technical, operational, and strategic users:Compliance teams trained on AI dashboards and decision triggersExecutives briefed on impact and strategic alignmentEngineering staff taught how to embed AI alerts into workflowsWe also offer post-deployment support sprints to optimize adoption.Step 5: Review, Scale &amp; OptimizeWe don\u2019t stop at deployment. DEISO provides:Quarterly performance reportsNon-compliance trend forecastsExpansion plans to scale AI compliance enterprise-wide\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 9: Case Study \u2013 Global Food ProducerClient Profile:A multinational packaged food manufacturer with 19 facilities across Asia, Europe, and North America.The ChallengeDespite strong environmental goals, the client faced:Over $4.8 million in environmental fines over three yearsRepeated non-compliance related to wastewater discharge and unreported energy usageFragmented documentation across regional teams and ERP systemsDifficulty maintaining ISO 14001 certification and meeting ESG disclosure deadlinesDEISO\u2019s SolutionOur engagement began with a global compliance maturity audit, followed by a full implementation of DEISO Predict across all 19 facilities. The rollout included:Real-time sensor integration for wastewater, energy, and refrigerant dataMultilingual compliance dashboards for local operations and corporate sustainability leadsRegulatory NLP engine to align with U.S. EPA, EU REACH, and local discharge limitsThree-tier training program: operations, compliance, and executive-level alignmentResults Achieved Within 18 Months\u2705 97% reduction in non-compliance events\u2705 Over $3.9M in penalties avoided\u2705 Successfully renewed ISO 14001 certification in all locations\u2705 Improved ESG disclosure quality, boosting third-party ratings by 22%\u2705 Enhanced internal reporting for board-level ESG reviewsThis case demonstrates the tangible ROI, brand protection, and operational clarity AI compliance delivers when combined with DEISO\u2019s consulting and training ecosystem.Would you like me to create a caSection 10: Future-Proof Your Compliance StrategyEnvironmental compliance has evolved beyond reporting\u2014it now shapes financial resilience, corporate reputation, and stakeholder trust. In an era of dynamic regulation and ESG accountability, passive compliance approaches are no longer acceptable.At DEISO, we help organizations embrace a forward-thinking approach:Predictive, AI-powered compliance embedded into your operational DNA.\u2705 Final Takeaways:DEISO Predict delivers real-time, sector-specific compliance intelligence tailored for LCA, ESG, GHG, and ISO systems.Our AI audit platform reduces fines, enhances audit preparedness, and drives improvements in ESG scoring.The DEISO 5-Step Roadmap guarantees strategic clarity, fast implementation, and measurable ROI.Global enterprises across the chemical, logistics, food, and energy sectors are already transforming their compliance approach with DEISO.Let\u2019s Build Your Compliance Advantage\ud83d\udd39 Say goodbye to last-minute audits and surprise penalties.\ud83d\udd39 Embrace continuous oversight, risk prevention, and sustainability integration.\ud83d\udd39 Partner with DEISO to lead in compliance and environmental performance.\ud83d\udcc5 Book a DEISO Compliance Readiness Assessment\ud83c\udf93 Join our next AI Compliance Training Cohort\ud83d\udd17 Visit: https:\/\/dei.so\ud83d\udce9 Email: info@dei.soBlog by DEISO \u2014 Engineering Environmental IntelligenceCompliance today. Advantage tomorrow.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tContact Us\" data-s=\"How AI-Driven Compliance Audits Save Companies Millions in Environmental Fines\" data-d=\"1748831323\" data-m=\"1789630827\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-ai-driven-compliance-audits-save-companies-millions-in-environmental-fines\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deios_lca_ai_1-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deios_lca_ai_1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deios_lca_ai_1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deios_lca_ai_1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deios_lca_ai_1-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/deios_lca_ai_1.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">2 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 11 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-ai-driven-compliance-audits-save-companies-millions-in-environmental-fines\">How AI-Driven Compliance Audits Save Companies Millions in Environmental Fines<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Table of Contents Section 1: The Hidden Cost of Non-ComplianceEnvironmental compliance is not merely a legal requirement\u2014it is a central pillar of responsible business practice and long-term viability.\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-ai-driven-compliance-audits-save-companies-millions-in-environmental-fines\" aria-label=\"Read the article: How AI-Driven Compliance Audits Save Companies Millions in Environmental Fines\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"10 Powerful Reasons Why Global Leaders Trust DEISO Sustainability Training Programs Blog Posts Why DEISO\n        11 reasons why global experts trust DEISO sustainability training\n        1\n          Global reach with a proven track record\n          DEISO has run training programs across Japan, the Middle East, Europe, and Asia, serving governments, Fortune 500 companies, universities, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Whether remote or onsite, our execution is precise, multilingual, and high-impact.\n        2\n          Led by scientific experts and certified practitioners\n          Our programs are developed and run by PhD holders, EPD verifiers, ESG strategists, and LCA auditors \u2014 not general educators. Trainees gain practical, scientifically validated insights from professionals active in the field.\n        3\n          Built on 35+ modular, customizable, and interactive programs\n          Every DEISO training is supported by a curriculum comprising over 35 proprietary, expert-developed modules, covering more than 50 training formats. Each session is hands-on, interactive, and tailored to your industry, role, and objectives.\n        4\n          AI-supported learning to practice, interact, and review\n          We embed AI-supported logic and smart learning flows into our sessions. Participants practice skills in real time, interact with data, and receive dynamic feedback \u2014 turning theory into practical results.\n        5\n          100% independent and scientifically neutral\n          DEISO is not affiliated with any software vendor or certification brand. Our training is fully neutral, standards-driven, and free from commercial bias, keeping credibility and trustworthiness intact.\n        6\n          Trusted across governments, corporations, and academia\n          Ministries, multinational corporations, and research universities repeatedly select us. Our programs are embedded in long-term partnerships and institutional strategies.\n        7\n          Japanese precision with global adaptability\n          From our base in Tokyo, DEISO runs training with Japanese efficiency, structure, and quality assurance, while remaining fully adaptable for international needs, cultural contexts, and regulatory environments.\n        8\n          Outcome-based, verifiable certifications\n          Our certificates represent real skill acquisition. Every credential issued is based on practical assessments, case application, and completion of learning outcomes, not just attendance. Our certifications are respected, reportable, and career-relevant.\n        9\n          Expert support beyond the training session\n          After training, we remain available for consultation, project reviews, and implementation guidance. DEISO is your long-term partner, not just a one-off course provider.\n        10\n          Mission-driven to produce real-world impact\n          We are here to engineer sustainability through applied science. Our training is built to generate measurable outcomes \u2014 whether that is reducing CO\u2082 emissions, improving ESG scores, or strengthening regulatory readiness.\n        11\n          Bonus: DEISO Mito, our digital certification platform\n          Launching soon, DEISO Mito will let participants:\n          \n            Receive a publicly verifiable online certificate profile\n            Let clients, employers, and partners verify credentials via QR code or certificate ID\n            Share credentials easily on LinkedIn or with ESG auditors\n          \n            While the platform is being finalized, trainees can request a verified certification letter at no extra cost, with all credentialing features included.\n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"10 Powerful Reasons Why Global Leaders Trust DEISO Sustainability Training Programs\" data-d=\"1748818516\" data-m=\"1786365983\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/10-powerful-reasons-why-global-leaders-trust-deiso-sustainability-training-programs\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"1152\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/why_deiso_training-768x1152.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/why_deiso_training-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/why_deiso_training-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/why_deiso_training-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/why_deiso_training.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">2 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/10-powerful-reasons-why-global-leaders-trust-deiso-sustainability-training-programs\">10 Powerful Reasons Why Global Leaders Trust DEISO Sustainability Training Programs<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Why DEISO 11 reasons why global experts trust DEISO sustainability training 1 Global reach with a proven track record DEISO has run training programs across Japan, the Middle\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/10-powerful-reasons-why-global-leaders-trust-deiso-sustainability-training-programs\" aria-label=\"Read the article: 10 Powerful Reasons Why Global Leaders Trust DEISO Sustainability Training Programs\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"AI-Powered Material Substitution: Finding Greener Alternatives with Predictive Modeling Blog Posts Section 1: Introduction - The Dawn of Sustainable Digital TransformationIn today\u2019s world, sustainability is no longer a corporate buzzword\u2014it&#039;s a business imperative. Organizations across manufacturing, infrastructure, and logistics are facing mounting pressure from regulators, stakeholders, and consumers to reduce their environmental impact. From climate change to resource depletion, the challenges are urgent and far-reaching.Enter digital twins: once the realm of engineering and aerospace, this powerful technology has found new purpose in the race toward sustainability. A digital twin is a virtual replica of a physical system\u2014be it a factory floor, a supply chain, or an entire city. But this is no static model. It\u2019s a dynamic, data-driven simulation that mirrors real-world conditions in real time.What if your organization could simulate the environmental impact of a product before it\u2019s manufactured? What if you could predict how a material swap would affect emissions, resource consumption, and end-of-life recyclability? That\u2019s the transformative power of digital twins when applied to sustainability.This blog post explores how AI-powered digital twins are revolutionizing the way companies approach environmental challenges\u2014particularly in the area of material substitution for sustainability. By fusing lifecycle data, predictive analytics, and smart modeling, companies can now discover greener alternatives and make decisions with real-time insight, not just hindsight.Let\u2019s dive into how this cutting-edge technology\u2014supported by DEISO\u2019s environmental expertise and digital innovation\u2014enables smarter, greener choices that drive real impact.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 2: What Exactly is a Digital Twin in the Context of Sustainability?At its core, a digital twin is a real-time virtual model of a physical object, system, or process. But unlike static 3D models or simple simulations, a digital twin is dynamic\u2014it continuously integrates data from sensors, systems, and operations to reflect the actual, evolving state of its real-world counterpart.In the context of sustainability, a digital twin goes far beyond engineering performance. It becomes a \u201cliving environmental model\u201d\u2014capable of tracking, analyzing, and forecasting the ecological impact of decisions in real-time.Here\u2019s how it works:Modeling Physical Assets: A digital twin might represent a production line, a logistics chain, or even an entire building. These models are rich with detail\u2014from material use and energy flows to maintenance schedules and spatial layouts.Environmental Data Integration: What makes a digital twin sustainable is the integration of environmental data\u2014think carbon emissions, electricity consumption, water use, waste generation, and more. By embedding environmental intelligence into the model, companies can understand the true ecological cost of their operations.Simulating Greener Outcomes: With all of this data in one place, businesses can simulate how material changes, process tweaks, or sourcing shifts could affect their environmental footprint\u2014before implementing them in the real world. This makes the digital twin a critical decision-making engine for sustainability.The result is a powerful convergence of engineering intelligence and environmental responsibility. With DEISO\u2019s expertise in LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), sustainability analytics, and digital platform development, digital twins become not just a tool\u2014but a transformative strategy for sustainable innovation.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 3: Beyond Compliance \u2013 Why Digital Twins are the Future of ESG and Impact Reduction\nMany organizations today approach sustainability reactively\u2014conducting environmental assessments after the fact, reporting on emissions once a year, and implementing incremental changes only when required by regulation. While this approach might satisfy basic compliance, it often misses opportunities for deeper impact, innovation, and cost savings.\nDigital twins flip this paradigm. By continuously collecting, analyzing, and simulating data in real time, digital twins empower companies to shift from compliance-driven to performance-driven sustainability.\nHere\u2019s how:\n\n1. Real-Time Monitoring and Analytics\nInstead of waiting months for sustainability reports, digital twins provide continuous insight. You can monitor:\n\n \t\nEnergy usage across machines and buildings.\n\n \t\nCO\u2082 emissions by the minute.\n\n \t\nWaste streams from production.\n\n\nThis turns invisible environmental costs into visible, measurable metrics.\n\n2. Predictive Modeling for Sustainable Choices\nDigital twins use AI to simulate future scenarios:\n\n \t\nWhat happens if a material is substituted with a recycled or bio-based option?\n\n \t\nHow will changing a supplier affect the carbon footprint of a product?\n\n\nThese insights help businesses predict environmental consequences before changes are made, leading to smarter, greener decisions.\n\n3. Scenario Planning for Optimization\nWith a digital twin, companies can ask:\n\n \t\n\u201cWhat if we reroute logistics to reduce fuel consumption?\u201d\n\n \t\n\u201cWhat if we shift production times to off-peak energy hours?\u201d\n\n\nThis capability enables what-if analysis that guides environmental optimization\u2014without trial-and-error in the real world.\n\n4. Proactive Environmental Management\nThe most transformative aspect of digital twins? They enable businesses to act before problems escalate. Instead of reacting to a spike in energy use or a failed ESG audit, companies can adjust operations in real time.\nThis proactive mindset aligns perfectly with modern ESG expectations\u2014where investors, customers, and regulators all demand transparency, traceability, and continuous improvement.\n\nDEISO Insight:DEISO\u2019s consultancy and digital services are built to empower this very transition. By integrating real-time LCA and carbon accounting into your digital twin strategy, we help you go beyond ESG compliance\u2014toward measurable, real-time impact reduction.\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 4: Key Applications \u2013 Where Digital Twins Make a Real Difference in Sustainability\nDigital twins are no longer confined to theoretical use\u2014they are actively reshaping sustainability efforts across industries. By connecting real-time environmental data with AI-powered simulation, businesses gain the ability to manage and reduce their ecological footprint in concrete, measurable ways.\nLet\u2019s explore three sectors where digital twins are delivering transformative sustainability results\u2014with DEISO\u2019s expert support at every step:\n\nManufacturing\n\n \t\nProduction Line Optimization: Adjust energy-intensive operations based on real-time energy prices or renewable availability.\n\n \t\nReal-Time Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): Combine DEISO\u2019s LCA modeling with digital twins to instantly assess the footprint of production changes.\n\n \t\nEmissions Tracking: Monitor Scope 1 (direct), Scope 2 (energy), and Scope 3 (supply chain) emissions dynamically, not just annually.\n\n\n\nDEISO Insight: Our team enables manufacturers to integrate LCA software with digital twins for continuous, automated impact assessments.\n\n\nInfrastructure &amp; Smart Cities\n\n \t\nEnergy Management: Simulate and control energy usage in real-time across smart buildings, campuses, and municipal grids.\n\n \t\nWaste System Optimization: Monitor and adjust recycling, composting, and waste flows dynamically.\n\n \t\nEnvironmental Quality Monitoring: Continuously analyze air, water, and noise pollution through integrated sensor data.\n\n\n\nDEISO Insight: We assist public and private infrastructure projects with AI-driven digital twin solutions for sustainable urban management.\n\n\nLogistics &amp; Supply Chain\n\n \t\nFuel Optimization: Model and optimize routes for lowest emissions, not just shortest time.\n\n \t\nCarbon Footprint Tracking: Monitor carbon intensity across supply chains\u2014from raw materials to last-mile delivery.\n\n \t\nSourcing Strategy Simulation: Run what-if simulations on alternative suppliers or transport modes to reduce environmental impact.\n\n\n\nDEISO Insight: Our predictive analytics tools integrate directly with logistics platforms to support ESG-compliant sourcing and routing strategies.\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 5: DEISO\u2019s Approach to Empowering Your Sustainable Digital Twin Journey\nAt DEISO, we don\u2019t just talk about sustainability\u2014we engineer it into the core of your business operations through advanced digital solutions. Our approach to implementing digital twins for environmental sustainability is grounded in data intelligence, domain expertise, and actionable outcomes.\nHere\u2019s how we empower innovation-driven companies to unlock real-time environmental impact reduction:\n\n1. DEISO Consultancy Services\nWe start by identifying critical environmental impact areas in your organization where digital twin technology can drive measurable results. This includes:\n\n \t\nMapping emissions hotspots\n\n \t\nAssessing material usage\n\n \t\nPrioritizing sustainability interventions\n\n\nOur environmental consultants bring deep expertise in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), ESG frameworks, and circular economy modeling\u2014ensuring every recommendation aligns with your sustainability goals.\n\n2. DEISO Digital &amp; AI Services\/Products\nOnce the strategic foundation is in place, we help you build or integrate custom digital twin platforms that reflect your specific processes, assets, and products. Our capabilities include:\n\n \t\nSensor and IoT integration for real-time data capture\n\n \t\nAI-based predictive modeling\n\n \t\nEmission factor integration and LCA simulation tools\n\n \t\nCarbon accounting and environmental KPIs dashboards\n\n\nWhether you\u2019re starting from scratch or upgrading an existing system, DEISO tailors the technology to fit your digital maturity and environmental ambitions.\n\n3. DEISO Premium Training\nTechnology is only as powerful as the people who use it. That\u2019s why DEISO offers premium training for:\n\n \t\nCorporate ESG teams\n\n \t\nProduct R&amp;D departments\n\n \t\nOperations and sustainability managers\n\n\nOur programs cover how to interpret digital twin insights, apply them to real-world decision-making, and track progress toward sustainability KPIs.\n\n4. DEISO\u2019s Experience and Track Record\nWe\u2019ve supported companies across manufacturing, logistics, and infrastructure sectors in deploying digital twins for:\n\n \t\nSustainable product design\n\n \t\nSupply chain decarbonization\n\n \t\nNet-zero strategy execution\n\n\nWhat sets DEISO apart is our interdisciplinary expertise\u2014combining environmental science, digital engineering, and business strategy into one cohesive offering.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 6: Overcoming Challenges &amp; The Road Ahead\nWhile the promise of digital twins for sustainability is enormous, the path to implementation isn\u2019t without challenges. Organizations must navigate data complexity, integration hurdles, and cultural shifts to fully harness the power of this technology. Fortunately, these challenges are surmountable\u2014with the right strategy and partner.\n\nCommon Challenges Businesses Face\n\n \t\nData Silos &amp; Inconsistencies:Many organizations have environmental data scattered across spreadsheets, legacy systems, and departments. This fragmentation makes real-time modeling difficult.\n\n \t\nIntegration with Physical Systems:Connecting IoT sensors, machines, and cloud systems requires technical alignment and careful planning.\n\n \t\nLack of In-House Expertise:Sustainability teams often lack deep digital modeling knowledge, while digital teams may not understand LCA or ESG frameworks.\n\n \t\nCost &amp; Time Investment:Initial development and deployment of digital twins can seem resource-intensive without a clear ROI model.\n\n\n\nHow DEISO Helps Overcome These Challenges\n\n \t\nCentralized Environmental Intelligence:DEISO helps unify all relevant environmental data into a clean, consistent digital framework that powers your digital twin.\n\n \t\nSeamless System Integration:Our technical teams specialize in connecting data streams from energy meters, ERP systems, and production lines into a cohesive simulation engine.\n\n \t\nCross-Functional Training &amp; Support:Through DEISO Premium Training, we bridge the knowledge gap between sustainability and digital teams\u2014ensuring smooth adoption.\n\n \t\nRapid Prototyping &amp; ROI Modeling:We deliver phased digital twin rollouts, with early wins and sustainability ROI modeling that build internal confidence and executive buy-in.\n\n\n\nThe Road Ahead\nAs AI, IoT, and cloud infrastructure continue to advance, digital twins will become even more powerful and accessible. Soon, real-time environmental optimization will be the norm\u2014not the exception.\nAt DEISO, we believe that digital twins are not just tools\u2014they represent a paradigm shift in how organizations operate, make decisions, and lead on sustainability.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 7: Conclusion \u2013 Your Next Step Towards Real-Time Impact Reduction\nThe age of reactive sustainability is ending. In its place, forward-thinking companies are embracing real-time, data-driven environmental intelligence\u2014powered by digital twins.\nBy integrating AI, predictive modeling, and environmental data into a single dynamic system, organizations can:\n\n \tMonitor environmental impact in real time\n \tSimulate greener alternatives before taking action\n \tMake smarter, faster decisions for ESG performance\n \tUncover opportunities for cost savings and carbon reduction\n \tFuture-proof their sustainability strategy\n\nWhether you&#039;re a manufacturer rethinking material use, a city optimizing energy and waste, or a logistics provider aiming to decarbonize your supply chain\u2014digital twins are your strategic enabler.\nWhy DEISO?\nDEISO brings a uniquely integrated approach:\n\n \tEnvironmental Expertise through years of LCA, PCF, and ESG consulting\n \tAdvanced Digital &amp; AI Services for platform development and simulation\n \tPremium Training to upskill your team\n \tProven Experience across industries and continents\n\nYour Next Step\nReady to explore how digital twins can revolutionize your environmental strategy?\nLet\u2019s move from theory to implementation\u2014together.\nContact DEISO today for a consultation on our Digital Twin Solutions for Sustainability.\nLearn how our AI-powered platforms can help you achieve real-time impact reduction.\" data-s=\"AI-Powered Material Substitution: Finding Greener Alternatives with Predictive Modeling\" data-d=\"1748731966\" data-m=\"1786367858\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/ai-powered-material-substitution-finding-greener-alternatives-with-predictive-modeling\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ai_powered_materials_substitution_deiso-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ai_powered_materials_substitution_deiso-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ai_powered_materials_substitution_deiso-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ai_powered_materials_substitution_deiso-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ai_powered_materials_substitution_deiso-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ai_powered_materials_substitution_deiso.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">1 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/ai-powered-material-substitution-finding-greener-alternatives-with-predictive-modeling\">AI-Powered Material Substitution: Finding Greener Alternatives with Predictive Modeling<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Section 1: Introduction - The Dawn of Sustainable Digital TransformationIn today\u2019s world, sustainability is no longer a corporate buzzword\u2014it&#039;s a business imperative. Organizations across manufacturing, infrastructure, and logistics\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/ai-powered-material-substitution-finding-greener-alternatives-with-predictive-modeling\" aria-label=\"Read the article: AI-Powered Material Substitution: Finding Greener Alternatives with Predictive Modeling\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Digital Twin Engineer Job Opening in Tokyo \u2013 Apply Now | DEISO Careers Jobs Careers\n        Digital Twin Engineer job opening in Tokyo\n        \n          Are you an experienced Digital Twin Engineer with AI skills and a passion for no-code development? DEISO LLC is looking for a forward-thinking engineer to join our Tokyo office and contribute to innovative projects across AI, cloud engineering, and smart infrastructure.\n        \n        About the job\n          Position details\n          Job titleDigital Twin Engineer\n          Job locationTokyo, Japan\n          Job IDJOBDS0529202589\n          IndustryDigital engineering, AI, sustainability, cloud\n          Job typeFull-time | hybrid or remote flexibility\n          Travel requirementOccasional international travel to client sites\n        Responsibilities \u2014 what you\u2019ll do\n        As a Digital Twin Engineer at DEISO, you will:\n        \n          Develop and implement advanced Digital Twin systems for global enterprise clients.\n          Integrate AI technologies and LLM (Large Language Model) architectures into digital twin solutions.\n          Use Python to develop backend features that support no-code and low-code platform integrations.\n          Collaborate with cloud engineers to deploy scalable solutions on AWS, Azure, or GCP.\n          Convert complex technical data into clear insights for clients and stakeholders.\n          Participate in on-site project deployments in Japan and overseas.\n        \n        Required skills and experience\n        \n          Minimum 5 years of hands-on experience in digital twin engineering.\n          Expertise in AI integration and familiarity with LLMs.\n          Strong command of Python programming for backend and automation tasks.\n          Experience with no-code\/low-code platforms (e.g., Retool, Bubble, Node-RED).\n          Solid understanding of cloud technologies and collaboration with DevOps\/cloud teams.\n          Fluent in English (mandatory); Japanese proficiency is a plus.\n        \n        Application instructions\n        To apply, candidates must submit:\n        1. Dedicated cover letter (customized for DEISO)\n        Your letter must address these five questions:\n        \n          1What is DEISO\u2019s business about?\n          2What are DEISO\u2019s main business lines?\n          3How can you support each business line with your skills?\n          4In which areas can you contribute most?\n          5Why are you the right candidate for this role?\n        \n        The second part should highlight your background, achievements, and alignment with the role.\n        2. Full CV \/ resume\n        \n          Submit a complete CV (multi-page).\n          One-page resumes will not be accepted.\n          Include professional experience, projects, education, and references.\n        \n        How to apply\n          Email your application to\n          Dr. Mahdi Ikhlayelmahdi@dei.so\n          CCjobs@dei.so\n          Please note\n          Incomplete applications, one-page CVs, or wrong job IDs will be rejected automatically.\n        Hiring process\n        \n          Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted.\n          Process includes technical assessment and virtual interviews.\n        \n        About DEISO \u2014 who we are\n        DEISO LLC is a Tokyo-based company leading global innovation in:\n        \n          Digital twin engineering &amp; smart solutions\n          AI for sustainability and GHG analysis\n          Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), EPD, PCF\n          Cloud engineering &amp; no-code automation\n          Corporate training and digital consulting\n        \n        We serve enterprise clients, governments, and research institutions with advanced engineering and AI-supported sustainability solutions.\" data-s=\"Digital Twin Engineer Job Opening in Tokyo \u2013 Apply Now | DEISO Careers\" data-d=\"1748496909\" data-m=\"1786539583\" data-cat=\"5\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/digital-twin-engineer-job-opening-in-tokyo-apply-now-deiso-careers\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digital_twim_engineer-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digital_twim_engineer-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digital_twim_engineer-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digital_twim_engineer-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digital_twim_engineer-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/digital_twim_engineer.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Jobs<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Jobs<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">29 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/digital-twin-engineer-job-opening-in-tokyo-apply-now-deiso-careers\">Digital Twin Engineer Job Opening in Tokyo \u2013 Apply Now | DEISO Careers<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Careers Digital Twin Engineer job opening in Tokyo Are you an experienced Digital Twin Engineer with AI skills and a passion for no-code development? DEISO LLC is looking\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/digital-twin-engineer-job-opening-in-tokyo-apply-now-deiso-careers\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Digital Twin Engineer Job Opening in Tokyo \u2013 Apply Now | DEISO Careers\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Join DEISO as an AI Engineer (Full-Time | Tokyo or Remote) Jobs Job ID: DSJOB-05282902523\r\n        Join DEISO as an AI engineer\r\n        Full-time \u00b7 Tokyo or remote \u00b7 Entry level\r\n        \r\n          DEISO LLC is a forward-thinking Japanese environmental sustainability company driving innovation through AI-supported platforms for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), EPD verification, carbon accounting, and critical material analysis. Our AI tools such as EcoIN Data AI, CFs Finder AI, Sansu AI, and Kensa AI are shaping the future of environmental data processing and sustainability analysis.\r\n        \r\n        \r\n          We are seeking a skilled and motivated AI engineer to join our international team. This role suits someone who is technically strong, mission-driven, and passionate about using AI to build impactful, scalable sustainability solutions.\r\n        \r\n        Key responsibilities\r\n        \r\n          Develop and refine AI-supported platforms and chatbots for environmental applications (LCA, EPD, GHG, etc.).\r\n          Engineer and deploy LLM-based solutions (e.g., OpenAI, Claude, Gemini) using no-code\/low-code tools and APIs.\r\n          Collaborate with DEISO\u2019s sustainability and research teams to automate LCI\/LCIA data extraction, characterization factor mapping, and EPD verification logic.\r\n          Support development of DEISO\u2019s AI-based training, exam, and certification platforms.\r\n          Confirm prompt quality, model reliability, and structured data outputs.\r\n          Participate in testing, iteration, and continuous AI performance improvements.\r\n        \r\n        Required skills and experience\r\n        \r\n          Demonstrated experience with LLM integration (e.g., OpenAI, prompt engineering, API chaining).\r\n          Familiarity with no-code platforms (Pickaxe AI, CustomGPT) or backend integration via APIs.\r\n          Ability to structure logic flows, format AI responses (Markdown, JSON), and handle structured data.\r\n          Understanding of LCA concepts, environmental databases, or ISO sustainability standards is a plus.\r\n          Strong written and verbal communication in English.\r\n        \r\n        Preferred qualifications\r\n        \r\n          Bachelor\u2019s or master\u2019s in computer science, AI\/ML, environmental informatics, or a related field.\r\n          At least 2 years of experience in AI engineering or sustainability tech.\r\n          Knowledge of ISO 14025, ISO 14040\/44, and EN 15804 is highly desirable.\r\n          Japanese is highly preferable. Additional languages (e.g., Arabic) are a plus.\r\n        \r\n        Why work with DEISO?\r\n        \r\n          Join an ambitious and mission-led organization producing AI for sustainability impact.\r\n          Collaborate with expert teams spanning data science, environmental policy, and AI research.\r\n          Flexible work model: Tokyo hybrid or fully remote options available.\r\n          Be part of a company where innovation is applied directly to climate action, ESG, and life cycle data automation.\r\n          Opportunity to grow into senior technical or leadership roles within DEISO\u2019s AI division.\r\n        \r\n        Application instructions\r\n          Submit to\r\n          jobs@dei.so\r\n          Subject line: Application \u2013 AI Engineer \u2013 Job ID: DSJOB-05282902523\r\n        Required documents\r\n        \r\n          Full resume (CV) \u2014 single-page or incomplete CVs are not accepted.\r\n          Full cover letter dedicated to DEISO.\r\n        \r\n        Important application requirement\r\n        All applicants must submit a full, personalized cover letter clearly dedicated to DEISO. This letter must demonstrate:\r\n        \r\n          Why you have chosen DEISO as the company you want to join.\r\n          Why DEISO is the best match for your background, skills, and career goals.\r\n          What specific value you can provide to DEISO through your experience, ideas, and technical contributions.\r\n        \r\n          Please note\r\n          Generic cover letters, or those not tailored to DEISO, will be automatically rejected.\r\n          Applications submitted without both documents will be automatically rejected.\r\n          Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted for further steps.\r\n          DEISO is an equal opportunity employer. We welcome applicants from all backgrounds who are committed to driving positive change with ethical, forward-thinking AI.\" data-s=\"Join DEISO as an AI Engineer (Full-Time | Tokyo or Remote)\" data-d=\"1748428923\" data-m=\"1786368729\" data-cat=\"5\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/join-deiso-as-an-ai-engineer-full-time-tokyo-or-remote\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ai_engineer_post_cover-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ai_engineer_post_cover-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ai_engineer_post_cover-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ai_engineer_post_cover-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ai_engineer_post_cover.jpg 1228w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Jobs<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Jobs<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">28 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/join-deiso-as-an-ai-engineer-full-time-tokyo-or-remote\">Join DEISO as an AI Engineer (Full-Time | Tokyo or Remote)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Job ID: DSJOB-05282902523 Join DEISO as an AI engineer Full-time \u00b7 Tokyo or remote \u00b7 Entry level DEISO LLC is a forward-thinking Japanese environmental sustainability company driving innovation\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/join-deiso-as-an-ai-engineer-full-time-tokyo-or-remote\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Join DEISO as an AI Engineer (Full-Time | Tokyo or Remote)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Top Sustainability Reporting Standards Explained: GRI, CDP, SASB, and the Path to ESG Excellence Blog Posts Table of Contents\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSECTION 1: Introduction \u2014 Why Sustainability Reporting Standards Matter NowIn today\u2019s business landscape, sustainability is no longer optional\u2014it\u2019s strategic. Companies across sectors are under growing pressure from regulators, investors, and consumers to disclose their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. But how exactly should this information be reported? Enter the world of sustainability reporting standards.Sustainability reporting standards provide the structure, credibility, and comparability that modern businesses need to communicate their environmental and social impacts transparently. Whether your goal is regulatory compliance, stakeholder engagement, risk mitigation, or competitive differentiation, the right reporting standard acts as your blueprint.This article demystifies the top sustainability reporting standards used globally\u2014including GRI (Global Reporting Initiative), CDP (Carbon Disclosure Project), and SASB (Sustainability Accounting Standards Board)\u2014while also offering practical guidance on how to choose the right framework for your organization.At DEISO, we help companies navigate, apply, and excel in sustainability reporting\u2014through consulting, ESG dashboards, AI-powered analytics, and professional training. This article reflects our practical experience across industries, from manufacturing to infrastructure to logistics.SECTION 2: What Are Sustainability Reporting Standards?\nAt their core, sustainability reporting standards are structured frameworks that define what, how, and when companies should report on ESG issues. These standards bring consistency and comparability to sustainability disclosures, much like financial standards do for accounting.\nThey answer critical questions such as:\n\n \t\nWhich environmental metrics matter most?\n\n \t\nHow should carbon emissions be categorized (Scope 1, 2, 3)?\n\n \t\nWhat level of stakeholder engagement is necessary?\n\n \t\nHow do you ensure industry-specific materiality?\n\n\nFor example, GRI provides a broad, stakeholder-centric framework, while SASB focuses on financially material issues relevant to investors. CDP zeroes in on carbon and environmental data, aligning with climate action goals and investor disclosures.\n\nThese standards are not interchangeable\u2014they serve different audiences and purposes. That\u2019s why selecting the right one (or combination) is essential.\n\n\nSECTION 2: What Are Sustainability Reporting Standards?\nAt their core, sustainability reporting standards are structured frameworks that define what, how, and when companies should report on ESG issues. These standards bring consistency and comparability to sustainability disclosures, much like financial standards do for accounting.\nThey answer critical questions such as:\n\n \t\nWhich environmental metrics matter most?\n\n \t\nHow should carbon emissions be categorized (Scope 1, 2, 3)?\n\n \t\nWhat level of stakeholder engagement is necessary?\n\n \t\nHow do you ensure industry-specific materiality?\n\n\nFor example, GRI provides a broad, stakeholder-centric framework, while SASB focuses on financially material issues relevant to investors. CDP zeroes in on carbon and environmental data, aligning with climate action goals and investor disclosures.\n\nThese standards are not interchangeable\u2014they serve different audiences and purposes. That\u2019s why selecting the right one (or combination) is essential.\n\n\nSECTION 3: Why Standards Like GRI, CDP, and SASB Are Vital for BusinessHere\u2019s what happens when a company doesn\u2019t follow a recognized reporting standard:Investors view ESG reports as vague and untrustworthyStakeholders can\u2019t compare your performance against peersOpportunities for sustainability-linked financing or procurement are missedConversely, companies using structured sustainability reporting standards benefit from:Increased transparency and credibility with stakeholdersImproved risk management and ESG benchmarkingReadiness for regulatory shifts (e.g., CSRD in Europe, SEC climate disclosures in the U.S.)Greater alignment with sustainability KPIs for business performance, which DEISO helps clients develop and track in real timeIn short: standards transform ESG from a PR effort into a strategic advantage.\ud83d\udfe9 SECTION 4: Table \u2013 Side-by-Side Comparison of Sustainability Reporting StandardsBelow is a side-by-side comparison of the most prominent sustainability reporting frameworks to help you understand how they differ across key dimensions:\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n  \n    \n      \n        Criteria\n        GRI\n        CDP\n        SASB\n        TCFD\n      \n    \n    \n      \n        Focus Area\n        Broad ESG topics\n        Climate change, water, forests\n        Financial material ESG issues\n        Climate-related financial disclosures\n      \n      \n        Audience\n        Stakeholders (broad)\n        Investors, NGOs, policymakers\n        Investors\n        Investors, regulators\n      \n      \n        Industry Specificity\n        Yes (but broad)\n        No\n        Yes (industry standards)\n        No\n      \n      \n        Materiality Approach\n        Stakeholder-centric\n        Climate risk\n        Financial materiality\n        Risk and opportunity\n      \n      \n        Data Type\n        Qualitative &amp; quantitative\n        Quantitative (GHG, water, etc.)\n        Quantitative + financial relevance\n        Quantitative + scenario analysis\n      \n      \n        Adoption Scope\n        Global\n        Global\n        U.S. origin, growing global use\n        Global\n      \n      \n        Regulatory Alignment\n        EU-focused, aligned with CSRD\n        Aligns with TCFD\n        U.S. SEC alignment potential\n        Mandated in several jurisdictions\n      \n    \n  \n\t\tUse Case Example: A multinational manufacturer might combine GRI for stakeholder transparency, CDP for climate disclosures, and SASB for investor communication.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t5: How to Choose the Right Sustainability Reporting Standard for Your CompanyChoosing a sustainability reporting framework isn\u2019t a one-size-fits-all decision. Below are key considerations:\u2705 1. Industry SectorManufacturing\/Heavy Industry? \u2192 SASB + CDPRetail\/Consumer Goods? \u2192 GRIFinancial Services? \u2192 TCFD + SASB\u2705 2. Disclosure ObjectiveEngage stakeholders &amp; build trust? \u2192 GRIComply with investor demands or stock listing? \u2192 SASBPrepare for climate regulation or carbon tax? \u2192 CDP + TCFD\u2705 3. Geographic Regulatory ExposureEurope (CSRD)? \u2192 GRI + ESRSUSA (SEC rules)? \u2192 SASB + TCFD\u2705 4. Digital ReadinessIf your enterprise has digital tools or aims for real-time reporting, DEISO recommends integrating frameworks into AI-powered ESG dashboards for:Automated Scope 1, 2, and 3 trackingInstant performance benchmarkingIntelligent materiality mappingNeed help choosing and implementing your framework? DEISO offers consulting, training, and ESG system integration tailored to your industry and region.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t6: Use Case \u2013 How Digital Twins Can Support ESG Reporting (Example Only)Although not a framework themselves, digital twins can act as enablers for advanced ESG reporting. By creating a real-time virtual replica of a facility or supply chain, companies can:Measure energy use and emissions in real timeSimulate sustainability scenarios (e.g., process improvements)Collect automated data for Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissionsAt DEISO, we combine digital twin technologies with AI to support our clients in automating ESG data collection\u2014helping them meet both CDP and GRI reporting requirements.7: Why DEISO Is Your Partner in Sustainability Reporting SuccessWhether you\u2019re just starting your ESG journey or transitioning to CSRD or SEC-aligned frameworks, DEISO is your strategic partner. Here\u2019s what we offer:\ud83d\udcbc DEISO Services Aligned to ESG Reporting:ESG &amp; Sustainability Consulting: Framework selection, roadmap development, and stakeholder engagement strategyAI-Enhanced ESG Dashboards: Custom-built platforms to automate, visualize, and optimize ESG KPIsPremium Training Programs: Teach your internal team how to prepare, implement, and audit ESG reports across GRI, CDP, and SASBData Management &amp; Verification: Lifecycle data capture, scope emissions calculation, and assurance supportWe don\u2019t just implement standards\u2014we help you leverage them as tools for business growth and regulatory resilience.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t8: Conclusion \u2013 Master the Standards, Lead the ChangeSustainability reporting standards are more than disclosure tools\u2014they\u2019re business tools. The right framework helps your organization build trust, meet compliance goals, attract investors, and grow sustainably.Whether you align with GRI, CDP, SASB, or all three, your success depends on how well you implement, measure, and manage ESG data.\ud83d\udd0e Looking for clarity and impact in your reporting strategy?\ud83d\udcac Contact DEISO today to discuss your ESG goals and discover how our tools and expertise can power your next report.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tContact Us\" data-s=\"Top Sustainability Reporting Standards Explained: GRI, CDP, SASB, and the Path to ESG Excellence\" data-d=\"1748137886\" data-m=\"1789630821\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/top-sustainability-reporting-standards-explained-gri-cdp-sasb-and-the-path-to-esg-excellence\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/sus-reportig-cover-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/sus-reportig-cover-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/sus-reportig-cover-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/sus-reportig-cover-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/sus-reportig-cover-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/sus-reportig-cover.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">25 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 6 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/top-sustainability-reporting-standards-explained-gri-cdp-sasb-and-the-path-to-esg-excellence\">Top Sustainability Reporting Standards Explained: GRI, CDP, SASB, and the Path to ESG Excellence<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Table of Contents SECTION 1: Introduction \u2014 Why Sustainability Reporting Standards Matter NowIn today\u2019s business landscape, sustainability is no longer optional\u2014it\u2019s strategic. Companies across sectors are under growing\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/top-sustainability-reporting-standards-explained-gri-cdp-sasb-and-the-path-to-esg-excellence\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Top Sustainability Reporting Standards Explained: GRI, CDP, SASB, and the Path to ESG Excellence\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Top 5 Sustainability KPIs for Businesses to Track in 2025 for Real Impact Blog Posts Table of Contents\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 1: Introduction \u2013 The Dawn of Sustainable Digital TransformationThe sustainability conversation has shifted. It\u2019s no longer about whether businesses should act; it\u2019s about how effectively they can measure and reduce their impact.In 2025, that effectiveness comes down to data. No matter how ambitious a sustainability plan may be, without the right metrics in place, it\u2019s little more than a good intention. This is why the smartest companies aren\u2019t just pledging change; they&#039;re tracking it.But tracking environmental performance isn&#039;t just about hitting compliance checkboxes anymore. It&#039;s become a core part of operational excellence, reputation management, and even investor relations. Enter the world of sustainability KPIs for business\u2014the measurable indicators that give companies clarity on their true environmental footprint.From monitoring energy use in real time to understanding supply chain emissions, these KPIs help turn sustainability into strategy.In this post, we&#039;ll walk you through the Top 5 sustainability KPIs businesses should track in 2025\u2014not just because they&#039;re trending\u00a0but\u00a0because they&#039;re\u00a0transformational.\u00a0We&#039;ll\u00a0break down what they mean, why they matter more than ever, and how solutions\u00a0like DEISO\u2019s\u00a0AI-powered dashboards and consulting services can help turn these numbers into actionable impact.Ready to measure what truly matters? Let\u2019s get started.\u00a0Section 2: What Are Sustainability KPIs and Why Do They MatterIt has a clear, human-written, strategic tone. It introduces the concept, emphasizes relevance, and sets up the rest of the article.\u00a0If you can\u2019t manage it, you can\u2019t improve it. This simple idea lies at the heart of why sustainability KPIs for business matter more than ever in 2025.KPI stands for Key Performance Indicator, and in the sustainability space, it refers to a specific, measurable metric that measures a company\u2019s environmental performance over time. Think of them as your compass\u2014pointing your organization in the right direction, even when goals shift or market pressures increase.But here&#039;s the key: not all sustainability KPIs are created equal.Some metrics\u2014like water usage or waste generation\u2014are relatively straightforward to track. Others, like Scope 3 carbon emissions or supplier sustainability scores, require deeper integration and data collaboration across systems and partners.Still, companies that make the effort to track these KPIs consistently are the ones reaping the benefits:They\u2019re more compliant with global ESG frameworks and regulations.They attract environmentally conscious investors and clients.They gain operational efficiencies that reduce both impact and costs.And crucially, they can defend their sustainability claims with credible, real-time data.This is where DEISO steps in. With custom-built sustainability dashboards, smart metric-tracking tools, and AI-enhanced insights, DEISO helps businesses track KPIs and turn them into real results.In this section, we\u2019ll explore the five KPIs that truly matter25, why they\u2019ve risen to the top, and what makes them essential for modern businesses aiming to lead, not follow, on sustainability.Section 3: The 5 Sustainability KPIs That Drive Business in 2025Each KPI is deeply justified with examples, business relevance, and DEISO alignment. The summary table is included in two formats.1. Carbon Emissions \u2013 Scope 1, 2, and 3What It Measures:Greenhouse gas emissions from direct operations (Scope 1), purchased energy (Scope 2), and value chain activities (Scope 3).Why It Matters in 2025:Carbon is no longer just an ESG talking point\u2014it&#039;s a business risk. With regulations tightening globally and carbon pricing schemes expanding, businesses are under pressure to quantify and reduce their full emissions profile. Investors, clients, and even procurement teams are demanding proof of decarbonization, and Scope 3 (often 70 %+ of a company\u2019s total footprint) can no longer be ignored.Real Example:In 2023, major retailers like Walmart and Unilever began requiring carbon data from suppliers. By 2025, this will be the norm, not the\u00a0exception. DEISO\u2019s\u00a0Role:DEISO provides carbon accounting tools, dashboards, and supplier emissions mapping, helping companies get a clear, continuous view of all three scopes.2. Energy Consumption (kWh or MJ per Product, Site, or Unit of Output)What It Measures:Total energy used \u2014 across facilities, equipment, processes \u2014 normalized per unit, site, or product.Why It Matters in 2025:With volatile energy prices and decarbonization goals, tracking consumption at a granular level is key to cost control and emissions reduction. High energy intensity signals operational inefficiency and is often the low-hanging fruit for sustainability gains.Real Example:A manufacturer optimizing line performance by tracking kilowatt-hours per product was able to reduce both emissions and utility bills by 17% in under six\u00a0months. DEISO\u2019s\u00a0Role:Through its IoT-ready platforms, DEISO enables real-time energy monitoring and predictive analysis to highlight abnormal usage trends or areas of waste.3. Water Usage (m\u00b3 per Process or Product)What It Measures:Volume of water withdrawn, consumed, or discharged across processes, sites, or product lines.Why It Matters in 2025:Water risk is rising globally. Droughts and local water regulations are turning water into a material business issue from Asia to Africa to the American Southwest. Investors like CDP now demand corporate water disclosures, and efficiency is a competitive advantage in water-intensive sectors.Real Example:A beverage company in India saved over 30 million liters of water annually by identifying high-consumption process steps using KPI\u00a0dashboard.\u00a0DEISO\u2019s\u00a0platforms support water intensity tracking, integrate geographic water stress data, and help simulate water-saving scenarios using digital twins.4. Waste Generation (kg or Tonnes per Site, Product, or Operation)What It Measures:Total waste generated \u2014 including hazardous, recyclable, and landfill \u2014 by location, operation, or product.Why It Matters in 2025:Waste is a cost center, an environmental liability, and a brand risk. Regulators and consumers are pushing for zero-waste operations and circular practices. Monitoring waste by stream type enables better material management and identifies reuse\/recycling opportunities.Real Example:A European electronics brand achieved a 45% reduction in landfill waste by tracking site-level data and embedding circularity KPIs into\u00a0operation.\u00a0DEISO&#039;s\u00a0waste KPI modules break down waste types and track progress toward diversion and reduction goals, integrating AI insights for waste stream optimization.5. Supply Chain Sustainability ScoreWhat It Measures:A composite score or benchmark of supplier environmental performance \u2014 energy use, emissions, labor practices, certifications, etc.Why It Matters in 2025:Most environmental impacts lie upstream. Brands are being held responsible for what their suppliers do. Pressure from ESG frameworks and client expectations means Procuremeca can no longer ignore sustainability.Real Example:Apple, Microsoft, and IKEA are investing millions to decarbonize their supply chains\u2014not just their operations\u2014because that\u2019s where 80 %+ of their footprint lies. DEISO\u2019s Role: With\u00a0WiDEISO\u2019s\u00a0supplier scoring tools and Scope 3 visual dashboards, businesses can evaluate, monitor, and engage with suppliers for continuous improvements.\ud83d\udcc4 Text-Based Summary Table\t\t\n  \n    \n      \n        KPI\n        What It Measures\n        Why It Matters in 2025\n        DEISO Support\n      \n    \n    \n      \n        Carbon Emissions (Scopes 1\u20133)\n        GHG from operations, energy, and value chain\n        Regulatory compliance, Scope 3 pressure, ESG requirements\n        Carbon dashboards, Scope 3 visualizers\n      \n      \n        Energy Consumption\n        Energy used per site\/product\/process\n        Efficiency, cost savings, decarbonization\n        IoT energy tracking + predictive analytics\n      \n      \n        Water Usage\n        Withdrawn, consumed, discharged water\n        Water risk management, investor expectations\n        Water metrics, stress mapping, scenario modeling\n      \n      \n        Waste Generation\n        Total waste by category and location\n        Circularity, regulatory pressure, material recovery opportunities\n        Waste stream breakdowns, AI reduction paths\n      \n      \n        Supply Chain Sustainability Score\n        Supplier environmental\/social performance\n        Scope 3 visibility, procurement strategy, investor scrutiny\n        Tiered supplier scoring, dashboard integration\n      \n    \n  \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 4: How to Use These KPIs Strategically to Improve PerformancePractical, insight-driven, and tied to DEISO&#039;s consulting and AI-driven services.\ud83d\udd14 Visualization is required for this section. Please instruct me if you&#039;d like a visualization concept generated after reading.Tracking KPIs is a strong first step \u2014 but it&#039;s what businesses do with that data that unlocks true value.Companies often collect environmental metrics without connecting them to performance or decision-making. That&#039;s where strategy comes in. The five KPIs outlined earlier are not just checkboxes for ESG reports\u2014if used correctly, they&#039;re levers for transformation.Here&#039;s how forward-thinking businesses are making sustainability KPIs work for them:1. Set Contextual Benchmarks \u2014 Not Generic GoalsDon&#039;t just aim to &quot;reduce carbon emissions.&quot; Instead, set targets based on baseline performance, industry standards, and location-specific variables.\u2192 DEISO&#039;s consultancy team helps businesses contextualize KPI targets using sectoral benchmarks, climate policies, and internal baselines.2. Use Real-Time Dashboards for Proactive Decision-MakingStatic spreadsheets are outdated. Companies are shifting to live dashboards that visualize metrics in real-time, enabling instant response when a threshold is exceeded.\u2192 DEISO&#039;s AI-powered dashboards allow users to track KPIs like energy spikes, waste anomalies, or water inefficiencies the moment they occur.3. Simulate &quot;What-If&quot; Scenarios Using Digital TwinsWant to test how switching suppliers might reduce Scope 3 emissions? Or how a new production method might affect energy use?Scenario modeling allows businesses to forecast the impact before acting.\u2192 DEISO&#039;s digital twin platforms help simulate environmental outcomes for smarter decisions.4. Translate Data into Department-Level ActionMake KPIs relevant to individual teams:Operations \u2192 Energy intensityProcurement \u2192 Supply chain scoreFacilities \u2192 Water &amp; waste metrics\u2192 DEISO offers tailored training for each business unit, making data actionable and aligned with operational goals.5. Integrate KPI Reporting into ESG NarrativesToday&#039;s stakeholders want both transparency and storytelling. A company that can tie its sustainability KPIs to its core mission will win trust.\u2192 DEISO supports ESG reporting by embedding KPI performance into compelling visual reports that connect with stakeholders.The key takeaway? Don&#039;t just track KPIs \u2014 turn them into strategy.With the right tools, partners, and mindset, these five indicators can guide everything from process design to procurement decisions, creating a sustainability program that&#039;s not just compliant but competitive.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t5: DEISO\u2019s Approach \u2013 Turning KPIs Into Actionable Sustainability InsightsFocuses on DEISO\u2019s core value proposition: consulting, digital products, AI tools, and training.At DEISO, we believe that sustainability KPIs are only as powerful as the action they inspire.While many companies struggle to move from data collection to real performance gains, DEISO bridges that gap by providing a complete ecosystem of sustainability services, digital tools, and expert guidance. Our approach is designed to make tracking, interpreting, and acting on environmental KPIs effortless and scalable.Here\u2019s how we help businesses make the most of their sustainability data:\ud83d\udd27 1. Consultancy That Starts With the Right MetricsEvery business is different \u2014 which is why we begin with a tailored KPI strategy. Our sustainability consultants work closely with your team to:Identify material environmental impactsAlign KPIs with your ESG goalsEnsure compatibility with frameworks like GRI, CDP, TCFD, or SBTiThis ensures you\u2019re tracking the right things \u2014 not just popular things.\ud83d\udda5\ufe0f 2. AI-Powered Dashboards and Digital TwinsOur digital platforms offer:Live dashboards that track emissions, water, energy, and waste in real timeAutomated Scope 1, 2, and 3 visualizersScenario simulation tools powered by digital twinsYou see exactly where performance is lagging \u2014 and where you can improve.\ud83d\udcca 3. Smart KPI Reporting for ESG and StakeholdersOur platforms transform raw metrics into intuitive reports and visualizations that help:Communicate progress to executives and investorsMeet ESG disclosure requirementsShare real-time impact with customers or partners\ud83c\udf93 4. Premium Training Programs for Every TeamTechnology is only as powerful as the people using it. That\u2019s why DEISO offers premium training programs covering:Understanding and managing sustainability KPIsUsing dashboards for decision-makingEmbedding KPI literacy across departmentsOur training equips your teams to turn sustainability from a reporting task into a core business advantage.Whether you&#039;re just starting your sustainability journey or looking to scale your existing impact, DEISO brings strategy, technology, and expertise under one roof.Our goal? To help you measure what matters \u2014 and act on it faster, smarter, and with confidence.6: Overcoming Challenges and the Road AheadAddresses realistic concerns, DEISO&#039;s role in solving them, and a forward-looking close.\u00a0While the benefits of sustainability KPIs are clear, the journey to effective tracking and performance improvement isn&#039;t always simple. Companies often face barriers \u2014 some technical, some organizational, and some strategic. But these aren&#039;t roadblocks. With the right support, they become stepping stones.Here are some of the common challenges we see in 2025 \u2014 and how they&#039;re being addressed:\u26a0\ufe0f Challenge 1: Data Overload, But Insight ScarcityMany organizations gather sustainability data\u2026 but don&#039;t know what to do with it. It&#039;s scattered across spreadsheets, disconnected systems, and siloed departments.DEISO&#039;s Solution:We integrate your data sources into a centralized, intelligent dashboard, turning complexity into clarity. With real-time visibility, your teams can confidently prioritize, act, and measure\u00a0\u2699\ufe0f Challenge 2: Lack of Internal ExpertiseSustainability isn&#039;t just a technical issue \u2014 it&#039;s a knowledge challenge. Many businesses lack the in-house expertise to interpret sustainability metrics or build KPI strategies aligned with ESG goals.DEISO&#039;s Solution:Our consultants and training programs fill this gap, offering strategic guidance and hands-on skill-building tailored to your team&#039;s role.\ud83d\udcb0 Challenge 3: Cost and ROI UncertaintyLeadership often asks: &quot;Will investing in this tracking system or platform pay off?&quot;DEISO&#039;s Solution:Our systems are designed to deliver ROI through efficiency gains, risk reduction, and brand value. We help you quantify benefits \u2014 from reduced waste disposal costs to avoided regulatory penalties \u2014 making sustainability not just the right thing to do, but the smart thing.\ud83e\udd16 Challenge 4: Keeping Up With Evolving StandardsSustainability regulations and ESG frameworks are evolving rapidly. What&#039;s compliant today may be insufficient tomorrow.DEISO&#039;s Solution:We monitor global ESG trends and evolving disclosure frameworks. Our solutions are modular and future-proof, so your tracking and reporting systems can evolve with the times.\ud83d\ude80 Looking AheadThe future of sustainability reporting isn&#039;t just digital \u2014 it&#039;s real-time, predictive, and proactive. As AI, IoT, and automation mature, sustainability KPIs will become central to day-to-day operations, not just annual reports.And DEISO will lead the way, helping businesses turn environmental intelligence into smart, scalable decisions.Section 7: Conclusion \u2013 Your Next Step Toward Data-Driven Sustainability\nFinal recap, emotional reinforcement, DEISO\u2019s value, and a clear CTA.\ud83d\udd14 Visualization Required: Final visual summary to follow this section.\n\nSustainability isn\u2019t a destination \u2014 it\u2019s a discipline. And in 2025, that discipline is built on data you can trust, interpret, and act upon.\nWe\u2019ve explored the five sustainability KPIs that aren\u2019t just trending \u2014 they\u2019re transforming the way businesses operate, report, and grow:\n\n \t\nFrom carbon to waste, these metrics reveal what\u2019s working \u2014 and what\u2019s not.\n\n \t\nThey give you visibility into risk, efficiency, and opportunity.\n\n \t\nAnd when integrated into your daily operations, they help you lead in a world where environmental performance is no longer optional.\n\n\nBut here\u2019s the truth: even the best KPIs are meaningless without action.\nThat\u2019s where DEISO comes in. Whether it\u2019s our AI-powered dashboards, digital twin simulations, Scope 3 analytics, or training programs, we turn those numbers into momentum.\nWe help you see clearly, act confidently, and build smarter strategies \u2014 not just for compliance, but for competitive advantage.\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\ud83d\udce3 Call to Action:Are you ready to measure what truly matters?\ud83d\udc49 Contact DEISO today to schedule a consultation and discover how our KPI solutions can elevate your environmental performance.Let\u2019s turn your sustainability goals into measurable, real-world impact.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tContact Us\" data-s=\"Top 5 Sustainability KPIs for Businesses to Track in 2025 for Real Impact\" data-d=\"1748111224\" data-m=\"1789630961\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/top-5-sustainability-kpis-for-businesses-to-track-in-2025-for-real-impact\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"1152\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Top_KP_7_DEISO-768x1152.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Top_KP_7_DEISO-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Top_KP_7_DEISO-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Top_KP_7_DEISO-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Top_KP_7_DEISO.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">25 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 13 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/top-5-sustainability-kpis-for-businesses-to-track-in-2025-for-real-impact\">Top 5 Sustainability KPIs for Businesses to Track in 2025 for Real Impact<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Table of Contents Section 1: Introduction \u2013 The Dawn of Sustainable Digital TransformationThe sustainability conversation has shifted. It\u2019s no longer about whether businesses should act; it\u2019s about how\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/top-5-sustainability-kpis-for-businesses-to-track-in-2025-for-real-impact\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Top 5 Sustainability KPIs for Businesses to Track in 2025 for Real Impact\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"ISO 14000 Certification: Why Your Business Needs It Now Announcements News Section 1: Introduction to ISO 14000The ISO 14000 family is a globally recognized series of environmental management standards developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). These standards provide organizations with practical tools to manage their environmental responsibilities. The cornerstone of this family is ISO 14001, which sets the criteria for an effective Environmental Management System (EMS). Established in 1996 and continually updated, ISO 14000 aims to help businesses minimize their environmental footprint, comply with applicable laws, and drive continual environmental improvement.Section 2: Why ISO 14000 Matters for the EnvironmentEnvironmental degradation, climate change, and unsustainable resource consumption are critical global challenges. ISO 14000 provides a framework for organizations to:Reduce emissions and pollutionConserve natural resourcesImprove energy efficiencyEncourage sustainable design and productionBy adopting ISO 14000, companies contribute meaningfully to global sustainability efforts and environmental preservation.Section 3: Why ISO 14000 Is Crucial for BusinessesFor businesses, ISO 14000 goes beyond compliance. It:Enhances operational efficiency and cost savingsReduces legal risks and improves regulatory complianceBoosts reputation and stakeholder trustOpens access to eco-conscious markets and supply chainsFosters innovation through cleaner processesToday\u2019s consumers and investors demand accountability. ISO 14000 certification signals serious commitment to environmental responsibility.Section 4: Why Large Enterprises Must Get CertifiedLarge corporations operate in complex, globalized markets where:ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) reporting is mandatorySupply chain partners demand ISO-compliant sourcingRegulatory scrutiny is high, especially in the EU and AsiaInvestors and shareholders favor sustainability benchmarksISO 14000 provides a unified structure for managing these challenges while demonstrating leadership in sustainability.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 5: How to Get ISO 14000 Certified\nThe certification process involves:\n\n \t\nInitial Gap Analysis \u2013 Compare existing practices with ISO 14001 requirements.\n\n \t\nEMS Development \u2013 Define environmental policy, objectives, procedures, and controls.\n\n \t\nDocumentation \u2013 Prepare manuals, records, process descriptions, and compliance reports.\n\n \t\nTraining and Implementation \u2013 Educate staff and integrate the EMS into daily operations.\n\n \t\nInternal Audit \u2013 Conduct self-assessment and corrective actions.\n\n \t\nCertification Audit \u2013 Engage an accredited third-party auditor.\n\n \t\nSurveillance Audits \u2013 Maintain certification through annual checks.\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n  \n      \n        \n          \n            Feature\n            LCA (Life Cycle Assessment)\n            EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment)\n          \n        \n        \n          \n            Scope\n            Product life cycle (cradle to grave)\n            Project-level (construction, operation, etc.)\n          \n          \n            Output\n            Quantified impacts across categories\n            Qualitative and quantitative impact analysis\n          \n          \n            Use Stage\n            Planning, product design, optimization\n            Before project implementation\n          \n          \n            Regulatory Requirement\n            Often voluntary or market-driven\n            Usually mandatory for large projects\n          \n          \n            Application\n            ISO 14040\/14044 standard-based\n            Jurisdiction-specific environmental laws\n          \n        \n      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t6. Both LCA and EIA are critical to ISO 14001:LCA helps organizations assess and minimize the environmental impacts of products and processes. It aligns directly with ISO 14040 and 14044.EIA ensures that environmental consequences of projects are identified and mitigated early.They support:Establishing environmental objectivesIdentifying significant environmental aspectsCreating a data-driven EMS\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n  \n    \n      \n        Benefit Category\n        Examples\n      \n    \n    \n      \n        Strategic\n        Improved brand image, competitive edge\n      \n      \n        Operational\n        Resource efficiency, waste reduction\n      \n      \n        Compliance\n        Lower fines, simplified audits\n      \n      \n        Financial\n        Cost savings, improved insurance terms\n      \n      \n        Social\n        Increased employee engagement, stronger stakeholder relationships\n      \n    \n  \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSection 7: Why ISO 14000 Training Is Critical for Compliance and GrowthTraining ensures:Internal teams understand ISO 14001 requirementsSmooth EMS implementation and audit successEmpowered leadership to manage environmental risksSkilled personnel are the backbone of any successful EMS. Certification without training leads to superficial compliance.Section 8: Step-by-Step Procedure to Get Certified for ISO 14000 and How DEISO Supports Each StepAchieving ISO 14000 certification is a systematic journey that requires planning, commitment, and expert guidance. Below is a detailed breakdown of the process \u2014 step-by-step \u2014 along with how DEISO supports organizations at each stage:Step-by-Step Process with DEISO Support\t\t\n  \n        \n          \n            \n              \n                Certification step\n                How DEISO supports you\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Initial gap analysis\n                DEISO performs a full evaluation of your existing practices vs. ISO 14001 requirements.\n              \n              \n                EMS development\n                We help draft environmental policies, set goals, and build procedures tailored to your business.\n              \n              \n                Documentation\n                DEISO offers templates, expert reviews, and AI-supported tools to streamline documentation.\n              \n              \n                Training &amp; implementation\n                Our structured training (on-site, remote, or blended) gets your team ISO-ready.\n              \n              \n                Internal review\n                We train your reviewers or conduct the internal reviews for you with full traceable reports.\n              \n              \n                Certification audit prep\n                DEISO simulates the audit process and liaises with certification bodies to get you fully prepared.\n              \n              \n                Surveillance audits\n                We offer annual regulatory alignment reviews and tools to maintain ongoing certification.\n              \n            \n          \n\t\tEach step is aligned with ISO 14001 guidelines and is reinforced by DEISO\u2019s expert facilitation, ensuring faster certification, fewer errors, and stronger environmental performance.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t9. How DEISO Supports ISO 14000: Training, AI, and Sustainability Tools\nAt DEISO, we provide:\n\n\nISO 14000 Training Courses: From beginner to expert level with practical simulations.\n\n\nAI-Driven Tools: Automate compliance checks, document generation, and environmental data analysis.\n\n\nConsulting Services: End-to-end EMS development, audit preparation, and gap analysis.\n\n\nLCA\/EIA Integration: Use of leading tools like SimaPro, openLCA, and GaBi.\n\n\nAdvance Your Environmental Expertise \u2014 Explore and Enroll in DEISO\u2019s Professional Training Programs\nBoost your skills, gain certification, and stay ahead in sustainability and LCA. Explore the specialized training programs below and take the next step in your professional development:\n\n\nDEISO Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Professional Training Programs (Overview)https:\/\/dei.so\/deiso-life-cycle-assessment-lca-professional-training-programs\n\n\nEnvironmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Professional Training Programhttps:\/\/dei.so\/environmental-impact-assessment-eia-professional-training-program\n\n\nSimaPro LCA Training Programshttps:\/\/dei.so\/simapro-lca-training-programs\n\n\nopenLCA Training Programshttps:\/\/dei.so\/openlca-training-programs\n\n\nGaBi (LCA for Experts) Training Programshttps:\/\/dei.so\/gabi-lca-training-programs\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tCotact Us\" data-s=\"ISO 14000 Certification: Why Your Business Needs It Now\" data-d=\"1747935723\" data-m=\"1786542109\" data-cat=\"58,7\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/iso-14000-certification-why-your-business-needs-it-now\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ISO_14000_DEISO-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ISO_14000_DEISO-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ISO_14000_DEISO-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ISO_14000_DEISO-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ISO_14000_DEISO-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ISO_14000_DEISO.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">23 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 5 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/iso-14000-certification-why-your-business-needs-it-now\">ISO 14000 Certification: Why Your Business Needs It Now<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Section 1: Introduction to ISO 14000The ISO 14000 family is a globally recognized series of environmental management standards developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). These standards\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/iso-14000-certification-why-your-business-needs-it-now\" aria-label=\"Read the article: ISO 14000 Certification: Why Your Business Needs It Now\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Understanding the Difference Between Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for Engineers and Sustainability Professionals\u201d  Comparing Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)IntroductionLife Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) are two essential tools used by environmental engineers and sustainability professionals to evaluate ecological effects. LCA is a standardized methodology that quantifies the impacts of a product or service over its entire life cycle\u2014from raw material extraction through manufacturing, use, and disposal. In contrast, EIA is a procedural framework embedded in environmental law that evaluates the potential environmental consequences of a specific project or plan within its local context before approval. Both approaches aim to inform decision-makers and protect the environment but differ fundamentally in scope, timing, and application.Historical BackgroundOrigins of EIAThe formal practice of EIA began with environmental protection legislation in the 1970s. Initially developed as a regulatory requirement for evaluating large infrastructure and industrial projects, the practice spread worldwide. Countries and regions introduced laws mandating that any major project must undergo an environmental assessment before approval. EIA became a cornerstone for integrating ecological considerations into governmental and corporate decision-making by requiring developers to assess how proposed activities might affect air, water, soil, biodiversity, and public health.Origins of LCALife Cycle Assessment was developed in parallel, initially within industry as a resource and energy analysis tool. In the 1960s and 70s, companies used it to compare packaging options and manufacturing processes. As environmental awareness grew, so did the demand for standardized sustainability metrics. By the 1990s, international organizations began formalizing LCA practices into globally accepted standards. Since then, LCA has evolved into a core method for evaluating the environmental footprint of products, services, and technologies.Modern ContextToday, EIA remains a mandatory process required for project approvals in most countries. It is tied to laws and administrative processes, often involving public consultation and generating Environmental Impact Statements (EIS). On the other hand, LCA is widely adopted by businesses, researchers, and governments as a best-practice tool for sustainability analysis. Though not usually required by law, it is central to product development, eco-labeling, supply chain optimization, and climate strategy.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tProfessional ApplicationsWhat Can You Do with LCA Skills?An environmental professional trained in LCA can support product design, sustainability assessments, and environmental optimization. LCA helps identify the most impactful life-cycle stages, providing valuable data for reducing emissions, improving energy efficiency, or choosing between materials. LCA is widely used in product development, supply chain analysis, corporate sustainability reporting, and carbon footprinting.What Can You Do with EIA Skills?Professionals trained in EIA can work on permitting and planning large-scale projects. They are critical in assessing risks, conducting baseline environmental studies, forecasting impacts, and designing mitigation plans. EIA experts often collaborate with regulators, developers, engineers, and communities to ensure environmentally responsible project execution. Their skills apply to infrastructure, energy, transportation, urban planning, and mining sectors.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tBenefits of Each MethodBenefits of LCA:Offers a full-system, cradle-to-grave environmental viewHelps avoid burden-shifting by examining all life-cycle stagesQuantifies environmental performance using standardized metricsEnables data-driven design, innovation, and competitive advantageSupports carbon accounting, circular economy strategies, and ecolabelsBenefits of EIA:Legally required for most large development projectsEnsures local environmental protection before damage occursIntegrates stakeholder and public input into project designEncourages transparency and accountability in developmentHelps identify viable project alternatives and reduce legal risks\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tPros and Cons\nLCA \u2013 Pros:\n\n \t\nComprehensive and holistic\n\n \t\nInternationally standardized\n\n \t\nSupports decision-making with numerical results\n\n \t\nScalable across product systems and sectors\n\n\nLCA \u2013 Cons:\n\n \t\nData-intensive and resource-consuming\n\n \t\nRequires expert modeling and software\n\n \t\nResults can vary with assumptions and boundaries\n\n \t\nLess effective for localized or social impacts\n\n\nEIA \u2013 Pros:\n\n \t\nLegally enforceable\n\n \t\nStrong focus on local, community-level effects\n\n \t\nMandatory public participation\n\n \t\nReduces environmental risks proactively\n\n\nEIA \u2013 Cons:\n\n \t\nLimited to individual projects and specific locations\n\n \t\nMay exclude global impacts like climate change\n\n \t\nQuality and depth can vary between jurisdictions\n\n \t\nOften reactive rather than preventive in scope\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tReal-World ExamplesIn the automotive sector, LCA has been used to evaluate material choices in vehicle manufacturing. For example, switching from steel to aluminum may reduce weight but increase energy use during production. LCA helps balance these trade-offs. In contrast, EIA has been instrumental in assessing environmental damage from oil exploration in sensitive areas. Through detailed field assessments and stakeholder engagement, EIA helped guide remediation, enforce accountability, and inform future planning.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tConclusionLCA and EIA serve different but complementary purposes. LCA is best for evaluating the environmental performance of products, services, or systems over time and across the supply chain. EIA is indispensable for managing the local impacts of specific projects before they are built. Environmental engineers and sustainability professionals benefit from understanding both methods. LCA offers a data-driven lens for sustainable innovation, while EIA provides a structured legal compliance and environmental protection process. Together, they support a comprehensive approach to sustainable development.\ud83d\ude80 Take the Next Step with DEISO TrainingAre you ready to put your knowledge into action?Whether you&#039;re an environmental engineer, sustainability professional, student, or policymaker \u2014 DEISO provides world-class training in both Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).\u2705 Our Training Programs Cover:Real-world case studies and simulationsISO-compliant LCA modeling using tools like SimaPro and OpenLCAEIA procedures aligned with global regulatory standardsPractical applications for industry, government, and researchCertificate of completion and personalized support\ud83c\udf93 Learn from industry experts in:Remote or on-site formatsEnglish or Japanese instructionFlexible schedules for individuals and teams\ud83d\udc49 Advance your career and drive sustainable change with DEISO.\ud83d\udd17 Learn more about our training programs\ud83d\udce9 Contact us: Contact FormLCA Training Page: https:\/\/dei.so\/deiso-life-cycle-assessment-lca-professional-training-programsEPD Training Page: https:\/\/dei.so\/environmental-impact-assessment-eia-professional-training-program\" data-s=\"Understanding the Difference Between Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for Engineers and Sustainability Professionals\u201d\" data-d=\"1747567623\" data-m=\"1789630955\" data-cat=\"\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/understanding-the-difference-between-life-cycle-assessment-lca-and-environmental-impact-assessment-eia-for-engineers-and-sustainability-professionals\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/LCA_vs_IEA-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/LCA_vs_IEA-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/LCA_vs_IEA-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/LCA_vs_IEA-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/LCA_vs_IEA.jpg 1228w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-date\">18 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 5 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/understanding-the-difference-between-life-cycle-assessment-lca-and-environmental-impact-assessment-eia-for-engineers-and-sustainability-professionals\">Understanding the Difference Between Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for Engineers and Sustainability Professionals\u201d<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Comparing Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)IntroductionLife Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) are two essential tools used by environmental engineers and sustainability\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/understanding-the-difference-between-life-cycle-assessment-lca-and-environmental-impact-assessment-eia-for-engineers-and-sustainability-professionals\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Understanding the Difference Between Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for Engineers and Sustainability Professionals\u201d\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Choosing the Right LCIA Method: A Practical Guide for LCA Professionals Tutorials LCA methodology\r\nHow to choose the correct Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) method for your LCA study\r\nLife Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) is the third phase of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) according to the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards. It serves as the link between the environmental inventory results and the actual environmental impacts. LCIA translates emissions and resource use data from the Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) into environmental impact indicators that help stakeholders understand potential environmental consequences.\r\nThe LCIA process\r\nThe process typically involves the following steps:\r\n\r\n \tSelection of impact categories \u2014 choosing relevant environmental issues (e.g., climate change, acidification, toxicity).\r\n \tClassification \u2014 assigning LCI results to the selected impact categories.\r\n \tCharacterization \u2014 applying characterization factors to calculate impact category indicators.\r\n \tNormalization, grouping, and weighting (optional) \u2014 helps with interpretation and communication.\r\n\r\nThe choice of LCIA method determines the modeling approach, regional specificity, and the type of results (midpoint vs endpoint) that the study will present.\r\n\r\nIntroduction to LCIA methods\r\nSeveral LCIA methods have been developed globally, each reflecting different modeling principles, regional considerations, and impact category coverage. Here are some of the most widely used methods:\r\n\r\nWidely used methods\r\n\r\n \tReCiPe 2016 \u2014 balances midpoint and endpoint modeling; widely used in Europe.\r\n \tEF Method v3.1 \u2014 developed for the EU Environmental Footprint project; highly detailed and standardized.\r\n \tCML-IA Baseline \u2014 characterization at midpoint level; classic method with broad impact category support.\r\n \tTRACI \u2014 tailored for North American environmental conditions.\r\n \tIMPACT 2002+ \u2014 integrates midpoint and endpoint modeling in a single framework.\r\n \tILCD (International Reference Life Cycle Data System) \u2014 developed by the EU Commission; precursor to EF.\r\n \tIPCC GWP (Global Warming Potential) \u2014 focused exclusively on climate change categories.\r\n \tUSEtox \u2014 focuses on toxicity modeling (human and eco-toxicity).\r\n \tEDIP 2003 \u2014 developed in Denmark, strong focus on resource depletion and waste.\r\n \tSwiss Ecoscarcity \u2014 damage-oriented method applying scarcity weighting.\r\n\r\nHow to choose the correct LCIA method: core criteria\r\nSelecting an appropriate LCIA method depends on multiple parameters. Here is a breakdown of the key decision-making criteria:\r\n\r\n1\r\nGeographical context\r\n\r\n \tUse TRACI for U.S.-based assessments.\r\n \tPrefer EF v3.1 or ILCD for studies targeting European markets or EU regulations.\r\n\r\n2\r\nRegulatory or program requirements\r\n\r\n \tEPDs (Environmental Product Declarations) under EN 15804 often recommend CML, ReCiPe, or EF.\r\n \tFor PEF\/OEF-aligned studies, EF v3.1 is mandated.\r\n\r\n3\r\nImpact category needs\r\n\r\n \tFor detailed toxicity modeling, use USEtox.\r\n \tFor resource depletion or land use: ReCiPe, IMPACT 2002+, or EDIP.\r\n \tFor exclusive GWP modeling: IPCC 2021 GWP100.\r\n\r\n4\r\nType of study\r\n\r\n \tProduct design: ReCiPe (balanced midpoint\/endpoint).\r\n \tPolicy support or regulation: EF or ILCD.\r\n \tSimplified or comparative LCA: CML-IA or TRACI.\r\n\r\n5\r\nData compatibility\r\nConfirm compatibility with the LCI database used (e.g., ecoinvent, GaBi, or ELCD).\r\n\r\n6\r\nAudience and communication level\r\n\r\n \tFor lay or public communication: ReCiPe (endpoint indicators).\r\n \tFor scientific publications: midpoint-focused methods such as CML or EF.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nCase study \/ scenario\r\nReCiPe 2016\r\nEF v3.1\r\nCML-IA\r\nTRACI\r\nIMPACT 2002+\r\nILCD\r\nIPCC GWP\r\nUSEtox\r\nEDIP 2003\r\nSwiss Ecoscarcity\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nEPD for European construction product\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA of U.S. industrial product\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nGlobal warming impact analysis only\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nComparative LCA for product design (midpoints)\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nHuman and eco-toxicity assessment\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nAcademic research in Europe\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nNational-level sustainability policy modeling\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nResource scarcity footprint\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nWater footprint and ecotoxicity modeling\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nCircular economy-related product assessment\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nRecommended\r\nApplicable with caution or limitations\r\nNot recommended\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMethod selection\r\nQuestions to ask yourself before choosing an LCIA method\r\nTo confirm you are selecting the most appropriate LCIA method, consider the following diagnostic questions:\r\n\r\n1\r\n\r\nWhere will the results of my LCA be used (regionally)?\r\n\r\n \tAm I modeling for an EU, U.S., or global audience?\r\n\r\n2\r\n\r\nIs there a standard, regulation, or EPD program I am aligning with?\r\n\r\n \tDoes it mandate or recommend a specific LCIA method?\r\n\r\n3\r\n\r\nWhat impact categories are most critical to my study?\r\n\r\n \tDo I need detailed results for climate change, toxicity, water use, or resource depletion?\r\n\r\n4\r\n\r\nWhat type of LCA study am I conducting?\r\n\r\n \tIs it for product design, policy formulation, academic research, or a public communication tool?\r\n\r\n5\r\n\r\nDo I need midpoint or endpoint indicators \u2014 or both?\r\n\r\n \tWhat level of detail or interpretation is expected by the stakeholders?\r\n\r\n6\r\n\r\nIs my inventory data compatible with the method I plan to use?\r\n\r\n \tCan my LCI database be aligned with the characterization factors?\r\n\r\n7\r\n\r\nWhat is the expected level of transparency or reproducibility?\r\n\r\n \tWill I need to explain and justify my method in publications or reviews?\r\n\r\n8\r\n\r\nIs the method actively maintained or widely accepted?\r\n\r\n \tAre there recent updates, community support, or validation tools?\r\n\r\n9\r\n\r\nDo I require normalization or weighting?\r\n\r\n \tDoes the method support or provide regionally relevant weighting sets?\r\n\r\n10\r\n\r\nWhat is my own level of expertise and ability to interpret results?\r\n\r\n \tWill I benefit from simplified interpretation (e.g., endpoint indicators), or can I handle more granular midpoint indicators?\r\n\r\nBy systematically answering these questions, you will be able to self-diagnose the suitability of each LCIA method for your unique project context.\r\nFinal thoughts\r\nThe choice of LCIA method is not trivial \u2014 it shapes the interpretation and credibility of your study. Each method has strengths and trade-offs, and selecting the appropriate one depends on aligning method characteristics with study goals, regional context, and communication needs. In advanced applications, hybrid or multi-method approaches are also valid, especially for comparative assertions or sector-wide assessments.\r\n\r\nUnderstanding the logic and boundaries behind each method keeps methodological rigor intact and supports meaningful, actionable sustainability outcomes.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA project execution\r\nEnd-to-end Life Cycle Assessment delivery for products, systems, and value chains. Scientific rigor, structured workflows, and defensible, verification-ready deliverables.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA critical review \u2014 ISO 14040 \/ 14044\r\nIndependent technical assessment of completed LCA studies. Methodological consistency, transparency of assumptions, and conformance with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDEISO agri and industrial LCI database\r\nCurated life cycle inventory data and emission factors supporting modeling efficiency, data coverage, and analytical consistency across agricultural and industrial applications.\r\n\r\nExplore database \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA capacity building \u2014 ISO-aligned program\r\nExecution-based capacity building for individuals and teams building practical, standards-aligned competence in LCA methodology, study design, interpretation, and reporting.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSenior LCA strategic advisory\r\nSenior-level advisory support for LCA scope decisions, methodological architecture, study planning, and technical reinforcement for ISO-aligned LCA and EPD-related work.\r\n\r\nExplore advisory \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nGaBi (LCA for Experts) capacity building\r\nStructured GaBi capacity building for professionals who need deeper control over advanced modeling logic, database use, scenario structuring, and high-quality study development.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nopenLCA capacity building for professionals\r\nPractical openLCA capacity building for professionals seeking robust modeling skills, workflow confidence, and applied capability in one of the most widely used open-source LCA platforms.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSimaPro capacity building programs\r\nSimaPro capacity building for corporate and professional use \u2014 practical implementation, methodological quality, and stronger decision-making through advanced LCA modeling.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSimaPro advanced coaching\r\nCoaching for experienced SimaPro users who need targeted support on advanced model refinement, troubleshooting, interpretation, or project-specific technical problem-solving.\r\n\r\nExplore coaching \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nGaBi coaching for professionals\r\nCoaching for GaBi users who need focused technical guidance, model optimization support, workflow acceleration, or deeper application of advanced LCA project practices.\r\n\r\nExplore coaching \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nopenLCA professional coaching\r\nOne-to-one or team-based coaching for experienced openLCA users who need deeper technical direction, efficient troubleshooting, and project-oriented expert support.\r\n\r\nExplore coaching \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation\r\nSend DEISO a short brief of your LCA, review, advisory, database, capacity building, or coaching need and receive a tailored quotation aligned with your scope and objectives.\r\n\r\nRequest quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"Choosing the Right LCIA Method: A Practical Guide for LCA Professionals\" data-d=\"1747325450\" data-m=\"1791007866\" data-cat=\"1737\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/choosing-the-right-lcia-method-a-practical-guide-for-lca-professionals\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_LCIA-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_LCIA-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_LCIA-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_LCIA-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_LCIA-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_LCIA.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Tutorials<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Tutorials<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">16 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 6 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/choosing-the-right-lcia-method-a-practical-guide-for-lca-professionals\">Choosing the Right LCIA Method: A Practical Guide for LCA Professionals<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">LCA methodology How to choose the correct Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) method for your LCA study Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) is the third phase of a\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/choosing-the-right-lcia-method-a-practical-guide-for-lca-professionals\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Choosing the Right LCIA Method: A Practical Guide for LCA Professionals\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"\ud83c\uddef\ud83c\uddf5 Japan\u2019s Sustainability Outlook 2025\u20132040: Top Environmental Challengexs and Powerful DEISO Solutions for a Greener Future Blog Posts Executive summary\nExecutive summary and introduction\nJapan is at a defining point in its sustainability transition.\nJapan is committed to carbon neutrality by 2050. Its current nationally determined contribution sets greenhouse gas cuts of 46% by FY2030, 60% by FY2035 and 73% by FY2040, all measured against FY2013.\nProgress is measurable. National emissions and removals fell below one billion tonnes for the first time in FY2024, and carbon pricing moved from voluntary to mandatory in April 2026.\n994 Mt CO2eNet national emissions and removals, FY2024\n\u221228.7%Reduction against FY2013, the baseline for Japan\u2019s targets\n30%+Combined share of renewables and nuclear in the power mix, FY2024\nApril 2026GX-ETS becomes mandatory for companies emitting at least 100,000 t of direct CO2 a year\nThe road ahead is still steep. Reaching the FY2030 target needs a faster pace of reduction than Japan has sustained so far. Dependence on imported energy, a shrinking and ageing workforce, fragmented emissions data and changing trade rules such as the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism all add pressure at the same time.\nThis report sets out Japan\u2019s sustainability challenges through 2040. It covers 19 environmental and governance issues, rates each for national relevance, and maps each to the DEISO services that address it: professional training, AI tools and consulting for companies, municipalities and professionals working to meet Japan\u2019s policy targets.\nSources: Ministry of the Environment and National Institute for Environmental Studies, national GHG inventory for FY2024 (April 2026); GX-ETS mandatory phase, FY2026\u20132032.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\nKey indicators\nWhere Japan stands against its 2030 targets\nLatest official data for each indicator, set against the 2030 goal or direction of policy.\n\n\n\nIndicatorLatest status2030 goal or target\n\n\nClimate, energy and demographics\nPopulation123.05 million (2025 census), down 2.5% since 2020, the fastest decline on record[1]About 120 million projected; ageing continues[2]\nGHG emissions994 Mt CO2e net (FY2024), 28.7% below FY2013[3]46% below FY2013 (about 0.75 Gt), then 60% by FY2035 and 73% by FY2040[4]\nRenewable electricity share23.0% of generation, including hydro (FY2024, preliminary)[5]36\u201338% by FY2030; 40\u201350% by FY2040[6]\nNuclear electricity share9.4% of generation (FY2024, preliminary)[7]20\u201322% by FY2030; about 20% by FY2040[8]\nFossil electricity share67.5% of generation (FY2024, preliminary)About 41% by FY2030; 30\u201340% by FY2040\nNew car sales: battery EVsAbout 1.5\u20132% of new passenger cars (2024\u20132025); hybrids above 30%[9]EVs and plug-in hybrids at 20\u201330% of new passenger cars by 2030; 100% electrified, hybrids included, by 2035[10]\nCarbon pricingGX-ETS mandatory since April 2026 for companies emitting at least 100,000 t direct CO2 a yearPhase 2 runs FY2026\u20132032; GX-Surcharge on fossil fuel importers from 2028\nResources and nature\nMunicipal waste recycling rateAbout 20%, broadly flat for a decade[11]Higher recycling and circular use under the Fifth Fundamental Plan for a Sound Material-Cycle Society (2024)[12]\nMunicipal waste disposalAbout 80% incinerated; final disposal to landfill below 10%[13]Less incineration, more reuse and recycling under the circular economy strategy\nProtected areasAbout 20% of land and 13% of sea protected, plus certified OECM sites[14]30% of land and sea conserved by 2030 (30by30)[15]\nData, disclosure and capability\nVerified EPD coverageLimited among Japanese manufacturers; growing through the SuMPO EPD programme[16]More ISO 14025 and EN 15804 conformant EPDs in construction and electronics[16]\nLocalised LCI dataIDEA covers Japanese processes, but many studies still rely on foreign datasets[17]National datasets matched to Japan\u2019s energy and industrial context[17]\nSME ESG reportingLow, held back by digital and capacity gaps[18]Wider SME reporting through standardised ESG platforms[18]\nScope 3 disclosureSSBJ standards (March 2025) require Scope 3; mandatory use phases in for large Prime Market companies from the fiscal year ending March 2027[19]Scope 3 built into corporate disclosure across listed companies and their supply chains[19]\nAvoided emissions (\u201cScope 4\u201d)Minimal use of avoided emissions metrics[20]Wider use in clean technology sectors, following WBCSD avoided emissions guidance[20]\nPublic sector sustainability trainingInconsistent across local governments[21]GX and ESG training rolled out widely across the public sector[21]\nGreen public procurementGreen Purchasing Act in place, but life cycle and carbon criteria are still limited[22]Procurement tied to LCA, EPD and carbon footprint metrics[22]\nCarbon border adjustment readinessEU CBAM definitive period began January 2026; exporter readiness still uneven[23]PCF-ready exporters aligned with CBAM and global climate trade rules[23]\nIntegrated planning (ICEM)Fragmented across ministries and sectors[24]Joint planning for energy, climate and materials under one national policy[24]\n\n\nFY = Japan\u2019s fiscal year, April to March. Numbers in brackets refer to the reference list at the end of this report.\n\nIssues and alignment\nSustainability issues and DEISO alignment\nNineteen environmental and governance issues shaping Japan\u2019s path to 2040, each with its current picture, the key points and the DEISO services that address it.\n12345678910111213141516171819\nIssue 1\nGreenhouse gas emissions and energy transition\nJapan\u2019s pledge of net zero by 2050 anchors its climate strategy. Net emissions and removals fell to 994 Mt CO2e in FY2024, 28.7% below FY2013, but fossil fuels still generate about two-thirds of the country\u2019s electricity. Nuclear restarts continue slowly against local opposition, and grid capacity for renewables lags behind demand.\nThe 2030 target of a 46% cut, followed by 60% by FY2035 and 73% by FY2040, is within reach only if carbon pricing, hydrogen and grid upgrades move faster. The mandatory GX-ETS, in force since April 2026, is the first real test. The transition also needs consistent regulation and stronger coordination across ministries.\nHighlightsEmissions at a record low, but the pace is still short of the 2030 goalFossil fuels supply 67.5% of electricity (FY2024), mostly importedGrid infrastructure is not ready for rapid growth in renewablesGX-ETS is now mandatory; hydrogen supply chains are still at an early stage\nHow DEISO helpsGHG accounting training and ISO 14067 product carbon footprint trainingEmissions modelling with EcoIN Data AILCA training, Scope 1\u20133 consulting and mitigation strategy support\nIssue 2\nTransport decarbonisation\nTransport accounts for close to a fifth of Japan\u2019s CO2 emissions. Rail is efficient, but road vehicles carry most passengers and freight, and the shift to battery electric cars is slow: they made up only about 1.5\u20132% of new passenger car sales in 2024\u20132025, the lowest share among major markets. Hybrids, at more than 30%, dominate electrified sales.\nPolicy support for EVs is growing, but charging networks and zero-emission logistics need much more investment. The shift must also include modal change, such as more urban rail and freight moved from road to rail and ship, alongside hydrogen for heavy transport.\nHighlightsBattery EVs at about 1.5\u20132% of new passenger cars (2024\u20132025)2030 goal of 20\u201330% EVs and plug-in hybrids; all new cars electrified, hybrids included, by 2035Charging infrastructure and incentives remain limitedRail freight and hydrogen mobility are under-used\nHow DEISO helpsLife cycle assessment of EVs and comparison of transport modesScope 3 transport emissions analysisTraining in the decarbonisation of mobility systems\nIssue 3\nCircular economy and waste management\nJapan is strong at waste collection and incineration with energy recovery, but true circularity remains low. About 80% of municipal waste is incinerated and only around 20% is recycled, a rate that has barely moved in a decade.\nThe Plastic Resource Circulation Act (2022) and the Fifth Fundamental Plan for a Sound Material-Cycle Society (2024) point in the right direction, but implementation needs more ambition. Extended producer responsibility, reuse business models and recovery of critical raw materials are emerging, but are not yet mainstream.\nHighlightsIncineration dominates waste treatmentRecycling rates stay around 20%Few reuse systems or products designed for reuseCircularity in industrial systems is underdeveloped\nHow DEISO helpsCircular economy audits and zero-waste strategy consultingTraining in material flow analysis and extended producer responsibility frameworksUrban mining and critical raw material recovery studies\nIssue 4\nWater resources and pollution\nJapan has plenty of water nationally, but regional water stress and eutrophication persist, driven by agricultural run-off and uneven infrastructure. Pollution in enclosed seas and groundwater contamination continue to threaten ecosystems and local health.\nAgeing infrastructure, shrinking rural populations and limited monitoring weaken resilience. Smart water systems and sensor-based monitoring can close efficiency gaps and regulatory blind spots.\nHighlightsNitrogen and phosphorus run-off drives eutrophicationAdvanced water treatment is unevenly adoptedDepopulating areas struggle to maintain infrastructureDecentralised wastewater systems are under-used\nHow DEISO helpsISO 14046 water footprintingTraining in water treatment and circular sanitation systemsResilient infrastructure planning and technology integration\nIssue 5\nClimate resilience and disaster preparedness\nJapan faces rising exposure to typhoons, floods, landslides and heatwaves. Its disaster recovery systems are world-class, but investment before disasters is still too low, and most local governments put response ahead of adaptation.\nAdaptation needs to combine ecosystem-based solutions, data on social vulnerability and the needs of an ageing population. Heatstroke special alerts, in place since 2024, show the direction; stronger early warning and nature-based infrastructure will decide long-term resilience.\nHighlightsDisaster risk reduction is still recovery-focusedEcosystem-based adaptation is gaining recognitionUrban heat risk is rising, especially for older peopleResilience spending remains fragmented\nHow DEISO helpsClimate risk and adaptation planningGreen infrastructure and ecosystem restoration consultingVulnerability mapping and heat adaptation training\nIssue 6\nSustainable urban development\nJapan\u2019s cities face a paradox of population decline and urban sprawl. Many municipalities deal with inefficient land use, rising infrastructure costs and hollowed-out town centres. At the same time, demand is growing for barrier-free, age-friendly and climate-resilient planning.\nTransit-oriented development, smart infrastructure and digital twins offer a way forward. Reusing vacant homes, redeveloping brownfield sites and building sustainability criteria into zoning will be critical over the next decade.\nHighlightsUrban land use keeps expanding while the population shrinksAbout 9 million homes stood vacant in 2023, 13.8% of the housing stockCompact, walkable cities cut emissions and improve well-beingUrban heat islands pose health risks, especially for older people\nHow DEISO helpsLCA-based planning for low-carbon citiesCompact city strategy and urban greening consultingTraining in digital infrastructure and inclusive design\nIssue 7\nBiodiversity loss and ecosystem conservation\nJapan\u2019s rich biodiversity faces pressure from land conversion, climate change and invasive species. About 20% of land and 13% of sea are protected, but many ecosystems remain fragmented and degraded.\nThe national biodiversity strategy centres on the 30by30 target, using other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) and payments for ecosystem services. A national certification scheme for sustainably managed natural sites has operated since 2025, and Japanese companies lead the world in TNFD adoption, but biodiversity is still weakly built into land-use planning and finance.\nHighlightsHabitat loss, coastal erosion and species decline continueSatoyama landscapes and coral reefs are under stressBiodiversity finance mechanisms are under-usedEcosystem services are rarely valued in land-use planning\nHow DEISO helpsTNFD-aligned biodiversity risk assessmentsEcosystem valuation and design of payment-for-ecosystem-services schemesConsulting on nature-positive urban and regional development\nIssue 8\nDemographic and economic pressures\nJapan\u2019s population fell to 123.05 million in the 2025 census, down 2.5% in five years, the fastest decline on record. A shrinking, ageing population strains labour markets, infrastructure maintenance and rural services, and depopulation deepens climate and sustainability risks in regional areas.\nIt also creates openings: automation, regional innovation zones and remote work can support leaner, greener economies. Reskilling workers and designing sustainability solutions for an older society are essential.\nHighlightsThe workforce is shrinking while infrastructure agesRural depopulation leaves some communities without basic servicesSustainability and demographic policy need to be planned togetherReskilling and talent pipelines are underdeveloped\nHow DEISO helpsTraining programmes for green workforce developmentSupport for GX and the circular economy in rural areasSustainability strategy design for super-aged societies\nIssue 9\nCircular economy implementation gaps\nDespite policy support, circular economy principles are applied unevenly across industries. Product design rarely plans for end of life, and material traceability is poor.\nSMEs and legacy sectors often lack the knowledge, digital systems or incentives to move from linear to circular models. Voluntary initiatives exist but lack scale.\nHighlightsCircularity is low in construction, food and electronicsFew firms design for reuse or use recycled contentMaterial data are weakly tracked across supply chainsIndustrial symbiosis and circular clusters are underdeveloped\nHow DEISO helpsCircular product design training and auditsDigital tools for material tracking and reportingCluster-level circular economy strategy consulting\nIssue 10\nScope 3 emissions\nScope 3 emissions, from upstream production and logistics to product use, often make up more than 70% of a company\u2019s total footprint. Measurement and management of Scope 3 in Japan are still limited.\nThat is changing. The SSBJ standards issued in March 2025 require Scope 3 disclosure, and mandatory use phases in for large Prime Market companies from the fiscal year ending March 2027. Without reliable Scope 3 data, companies underestimate their climate risk and struggle to meet SBTi and customer requirements. Supplier engagement, Scope 3 LCA methods and harmonised data are the practical gaps.\nHighlightsScope 3 dominates emissions in electronics, automotive and consumer goodsSupplier emissions data are often missing or inconsistentSSBJ makes Scope 3 disclosure mandatory for the largest listed companies firstProcurement-based reductions remain a missed opportunity\nHow DEISO helpsScope 3 modelling and disclosure supportValue chain emissions tracking with EcoIN Data AISupplier engagement programmes and low-carbon procurement training\nIssue 11\nCritical materials and supply chain security\nJapan\u2019s clean energy and battery industries depend heavily on imported critical materials such as lithium, cobalt and rare earths. Many come from geopolitically sensitive regions, leaving supply chains open to disruption.\nJapan is diversifying sources through international partnerships, expanding domestic recycling and promoting urban mining. Resource efficiency, life cycle tracking and circular design still need to be joined up across the supply chain.\nHighlightsHeavy reliance on imported rare metals and battery materialsGeopolitical and trade risks threaten supply stabilityUrban mining and recycling potential remain under-usedSector strategies for resource efficiency need scaling\nHow DEISO helpsCritical material risk and dependency assessmentsUrban mining feasibility and recovery strategy consultingCircular supply chain design and scenario modelling\nIssue 12\nEnvironmental product declaration (EPD) readiness\nAs global markets demand transparent environmental disclosure, EPDs have become a condition of competitiveness. Many Japanese manufacturers, particularly SMEs, lack the awareness or technical capacity to work to ISO 14025 and EN 15804.\nCompanies need to scale their EPD programmes and product footprint methods to take part in green procurement and international tenders. Digital pre-verification and LCA support can shorten the path.\nHighlightsGlobal buyers increasingly require third-party verified EPDsEPD uptake in Japan is still limited across sectorsAccess to LCA data, PCRs and conformance know-how is limitedEPDs matter for exports and green public procurement\nHow DEISO helpsKensa AI for EPD pre-verification and compliance checksEPD and PCR training aligned with ISO 14025 and EN 15804Product footprint calculation and documentation services\nIssue 13\nLife cycle data localisation\nJapan has its own IDEA life cycle inventory database, but many studies still rely on global datasets that do not reflect local production practices, transport systems and energy mixes. The mismatch weakens LCA and GHG results.\nDatasets matched to regional conditions support Scope 3 tracking, national GHG inventories and circular product design. Generating, validating and standardising them needs institutional coordination.\nHighlightsForeign LCI data often do not match Japan\u2019s infrastructureLocal emission factors and material flow references are neededData gaps reduce the accuracy of Scope 3, PCF and LCA resultsLocalised data make policy and corporate reporting more relevant\nHow DEISO helpsDevelopment of localised LCI datasets with EcoIN Data AIData harmonisation and standardisation support for national inventoriesTraining in LCI development and sector-specific modelling\nIssue 14\nESG reporting capacity in SMEs\nSMEs form the backbone of Japan\u2019s economy but face major barriers to ESG reporting. Most lack in-house expertise, software or the capacity to meet the demands of global buyers.\nWithout ESG data, SMEs risk losing their place in international supply chains, especially as listed customers begin collecting Scope 3 data under the SSBJ standards. Simplified frameworks, templates and training help them disclose, comply and improve.\nHighlightsSMEs often have no dedicated sustainability staff or IT systemsGlobal buyers increasingly require ESG metrics and risk disclosureReporting fatigue and cost weigh heavily on smaller firmsDigital ESG support is key to closing the compliance gap\nHow DEISO helpsESG disclosure toolkits and templates built for SMEsModular ESG training based on ISSB, SSBJ and CSRDSupplier programmes and digital onboarding services\nIssue 15\nGreen public procurement (GPP)\nJapan\u2019s Green Purchasing Act has been in place since 2001, and the Ministry of the Environment has made green public procurement a priority. Uptake at prefectural and municipal level is uneven, and most decisions are still made on price rather than life cycle impact.\nScaling GPP needs training for procurement officers, standardised criteria such as EPDs and PCFs, and LCA tools built into tender evaluation.\nHighlightsProcurement remains cost-driven rather than impact-basedLocal governments lack training in LCA-based procurementSuppliers are unfamiliar with sustainability documentationGPP can shift whole markets\nHow DEISO helpsGPP strategy development and LCA criteria implementationTraining for procurement teams in sustainable tenderingSupport for suppliers developing EPDs and PCFs to qualify for tenders\nIssue 16\nCarbon border adjustment readiness\nCarbon border adjustment mechanisms are reshaping international trade. The EU CBAM entered its definitive period in January 2026, covering iron and steel, aluminium, cement, fertilisers, hydrogen and electricity. EU importers must buy certificates for the embedded emissions of these goods, so Japanese exporters face growing pressure to report verified product-level emissions.\nFew companies are ready. Corporate GHG systems rarely reach product-level detail, and PCF methods are applied inconsistently. Wider use of ISO 14067 and stronger disclosure systems will protect Japan\u2019s export competitiveness.\nHighlightsCBAM costs now apply to EU imports of covered goodsProduct-level carbon disclosure is not standardisedMissing PCF data put export contracts at riskReadiness varies widely by sector and company size\nHow DEISO helpsProduct carbon footprint consulting under ISO 14067CBAM-aligned reporting frameworks and trainingMRV tool deployment and carbon compliance readiness services\nIssue 17\nIntegrated climate, energy and materials (ICEM) planning\nJapan\u2019s sustainability policy remains highly siloed. Ministries and industries build separate frameworks for energy efficiency, materials and climate action, which limits overall impact. Integrated climate, energy and materials (ICEM) planning takes a systems approach to trade-offs and synergies.\nFor example, more recycling can reduce energy demand and emissions, while a shift to renewables reshapes material supply chains. Without integration, these synergies are lost. Institutional coordination and cross-sector LCA tools are essential.\nHighlightsFragmented governance limits the impact of sustainability policyCross-sector planning is rare in industrial and infrastructure designClimate and material flows are tightly linkedNational strategy lacks integrated modelling capability\nHow DEISO helpsMulti-impact LCA and scenario planningTraining in systems thinking and cross-sector strategy designICEM-based consulting for ministries and industry coalitions\nIssue 18\nAvoided emissions (\u201cScope 4\u201d)\nAvoided emissions, often called Scope 4, measure how a product or service reduces emissions elsewhere in the system. They sit outside the GHG Protocol scopes and are reported separately. Clean technology firms, from renewables and insulation to EVs, increasingly use them to show climate benefit.\nThe concept is still poorly understood, and inconsistent methods hold back adoption. WBCSD guidance (2023) gives a common basis, but clear frameworks, validated LCA models and transparent documentation are needed for credible claims to investors and customers.\nHighlightsAvoided emissions show the climate benefit of low-carbon productsMethodological gaps limit recognition by investors and policymakersVerification frameworks are still developingPotential is high in mobility, buildings and renewable technology\nHow DEISO helpsLCA-based avoided emissions calculation and reporting frameworksClean technology consulting on avoided emissions documentationTraining in WBCSD and sector-specific avoided emissions methods\nIssue 19\nPublic sector environmental literacy\nJapan\u2019s public sector is central to meeting national GX and sustainability goals, yet many local governments lack in-house sustainability capacity. Work often depends on a few overstretched staff or on external mandates.\nEnvironmental literacy training and digital tools for municipal staff can unlock action from the ground up. Topics such as climate budgeting, green procurement and biodiversity planning must be accessible to non-specialists.\nHighlightsESG capacity in local government varies widely by regionNational goals cannot be met without local leadershipMany municipalities lack data systems and qualified staffDigital tools and tailored training are urgently needed\nHow DEISO helpsLocal government training in ESG, GPP, LCA and GXTemplates and digital dashboards for public sustainability planningOn-site or online workshops for prefectures, towns and cities\n\nConclusion\nFrom risk to strategic transformation\nJapan has the policy foundation. What it needs now is pace and integration.\nJapan\u2019s sustainability future sits where opportunity and urgency meet. Mandatory carbon pricing under the GX-ETS, SSBJ disclosure rules and targets reaching to 2040 give the country a solid base, but incremental progress will not be enough. A shrinking workforce, ageing infrastructure, carbon-based trade rules and biodiversity loss call for decisive, joined-up action built on reliable data.\nEight priorities for the next stage\n\nBuild Scope 1\u20133 accounting, avoided emissions and life cycle thinking into national frameworks\nPrioritise localised data so decisions rest on accurate numbers\nGive local governments, SMEs and public bodies the training and tools they need\nScale nature-positive development and circular economy models\nPrepare exporters for carbon border adjustments and ESG traceability\nMove green public procurement from voluntary to standard practice\nMake EPDs, PCFs and Scope 3 disclosure routine across industrial sectors\nBuild integrated climate, energy and materials (ICEM) planning into how ministries and sectors work\n\n\nOur commitment\nDEISO\u2019s commitment\nDEISO LLC supports Japan\u2019s public and private sectors in four ways.\nTrainingMore than 20 professional sustainability training programs, from LCA and EPDs to GHG accounting and ESG.\nAI toolsEcoIN Data AI, CFs Finder AI and Kensa AI for emissions data, carbon footprints and EPD pre-verification.\nAccounting and disclosureScope 1\u20133 and avoided emissions accounting, LCA, EPDs and ESG disclosure.\nAdvisoryAdvice for municipalities, companies and ministries on circularity, GX and green public procurement.\nJapan has the scientific capacity, governance and social cohesion to lead sustainable transformation in Asia and beyond. DEISO\u2019s services are built to turn that policy ambition into measurable results.\nTraining\nHow DEISO training supports your organisation\nDEISO training runs remotely, on-site at your company, or off-site in a dedicated learning environment in Japan. Each route builds capability across six areas.\nStrategyStronger strategic planning and ESG integration through ESG and sustainability leadership programs.\nTechnical skillsHands-on LCA, EPD and GHG accounting, with working proficiency in openLCA, GaBi (LCA for Experts) and SimaPro.\nIndustry focusCourses shaped for sectors and topics such as oil and gas, industrial waste management, climate mitigation, environmental auditing and ISO 14001.\nConsulting skillsSustainability Independent Consultant (SIC) and Lead GHG Verifier training, so your team can advise internally or offer consulting externally.\nCase studiesInteractive sessions built on real-world scenarios, so your team can apply what it learns straight away.\nRegulation and complianceSpecialised training in environmental impact assessment, ESG reporting and environmental auditing.\nExplore the DEISO training finder \u2192\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\nSources\nReferences\nNumbered sources match the markers in the indicators table.\n\nStatistics Bureau of Japan, Preliminary Counts of the 2025 Population Census (May 2026)\nNational Institute of Population and Social Security Research (IPSS), Population Projections for Japan (2023)\nMinistry of the Environment and National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan\u2019s National GHG Emissions and Removals in FY2024 (April 2026)\nGovernment of Japan, Nationally Determined Contribution (February 2025)\nAgency for Natural Resources and Energy, energy supply and demand results for FY2024, preliminary\nMinistry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Sixth (2021) and Seventh (2025) Strategic Energy Plans\nAgency for Natural Resources and Energy, energy supply and demand results for FY2024, preliminary\nMinistry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Sixth (2021) and Seventh (2025) Strategic Energy Plans\nJATO Dynamics, Japan\u2019s automotive electrification trends, 2025 H1\nMinistry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Green Growth Strategy through Achieving Carbon Neutrality in 2050\nMinistry of the Environment, municipal solid waste survey (annual)\nMinistry of the Environment, Fifth Fundamental Plan for Establishing a Sound Material-Cycle Society (2024)\nMinistry of the Environment, municipal solid waste survey (annual)\nMinistry of the Environment, Japan\u2019s 30by30 Roadmap and OECM programme\nGovernment of Japan, National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2023\u20132030\nSuMPO, SuMPO Environmental Label Program (EPD)\nAIST and SuMPO, IDEA life cycle inventory database\nSME Sustainability Survey\nSustainability Standards Board of Japan (SSBJ), sustainability disclosure standards (March 2025)\nWBCSD, Guidance on Avoided Emissions (2023)\nESG Readiness for Local Governments (2024)\nMinistry of the Environment, Basic Policy on Promoting Green Purchasing\nEuropean Union, Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, Regulation (EU) 2023\/956\nCabinet Office, Japan Strategy Framework\nInternational Carbon Action Partnership, Japan transitions its GX-ETS to the mandatory phase (April 2026)\n\nFurther reading\nBackground sources behind the issue analysis in this report.\nInternational reviews\nOECD, Environmental Performance Reviews: Japan 2025, covering climate, energy, waste and circular economy, water, biodiversity, adaptation and local green transition\nClimate Transparency, Japan country profile: energy and emissions\nIPCC, Sixth Assessment Report, Synthesis Report (2023)\n\nOfficial statistics and policy\nMinistry of the Environment and NIES, national GHG inventory (1990\u20132024)\nStatistics Bureau of Japan, 2025 Population Census, and IPSS population projections\nMinistry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Seventh Strategic Energy Plan (2025) and GX policy\nMinistry of the Environment, National Adaptation Plan and the A-PLAT climate adaptation platform\n\nDisclosure and methods\nSustainability Standards Board of Japan (SSBJ), disclosure standards (2025)\nTNFD, recommendations on nature-related financial disclosure (2023)\nWBCSD, Guidance on Avoided Emissions (2023)\nISO 14040\/14044 (LCA), ISO 14067 (product carbon footprint), ISO 14025 (EPDs)\n\nNews and analysis\nReuters, coverage of Japan\u2019s emissions trends and energy mix\nNippon.com, Japan\u2019s energy import dependency\nWorld Economic Forum, hydrogen in Japan\u2019s transport strategy\n\nData checked September 2026. FY is Japan\u2019s fiscal year, April to March.\" data-s=\"\ud83c\uddef\ud83c\uddf5 Japan\u2019s Sustainability Outlook 2025\u20132040: Top Environmental Challengexs and Powerful DEISO Solutions for a Greener Future\" data-d=\"1747305245\" data-m=\"1790547974\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/japans-sustainability-outlook-2025-2040-top-environmental-challengexs-and-powerful-deiso-solutions-for-a-greener-future\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"1152\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Japan_Susutinability_Cover-768x1152.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Japan_Susutinability_Cover-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Japan_Susutinability_Cover-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Japan_Susutinability_Cover-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Japan_Susutinability_Cover.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">15 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 21 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/japans-sustainability-outlook-2025-2040-top-environmental-challengexs-and-powerful-deiso-solutions-for-a-greener-future\">\ud83c\uddef\ud83c\uddf5 Japan\u2019s Sustainability Outlook 2025\u20132040: Top Environmental Challengexs and Powerful DEISO Solutions for a Greener Future<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Executive summary Executive summary and introduction Japan is at a defining point in its sustainability transition. Japan is committed to carbon neutrality by 2050. Its current nationally determined\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/japans-sustainability-outlook-2025-2040-top-environmental-challengexs-and-powerful-deiso-solutions-for-a-greener-future\" aria-label=\"Read the article: \ud83c\uddef\ud83c\uddf5 Japan\u2019s Sustainability Outlook 2025\u20132040: Top Environmental Challengexs and Powerful DEISO Solutions for a Greener Future\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"How to Use Normalization and Weighting in LCA: A Complete Guide from Basics to Advanced Tutorials Section 1: What Is Normalization in LCA?\r\nNormalization is the process of placing environmental impact results into context by comparing them to a reference value, such as a per capita or total national impact. This allows comparisons across impact categories that originally use different units.\r\nFormula:\r\nNormalized Result = LCIA Result \u00f7 Normalization Factor\r\nReal-Life Analogies\r\n\r\n \tCalories in a Meal: 800 kcal is 32% of a 2,500 kcal daily limit.\r\n \tCompany Revenue: A $1M startup vs. Amazon\u2019s $500B.\r\n \tRainfall Context: 30 mm is minimal in a rainforest but heavy in a desert.\r\n\r\nNormalization helps you understand relative significance.\r\nSection 2: Why Is Normalization Optional According to ISO?\r\nAccording to ISO 14044, normalization is not mandatory in an LCA study. It\u2019s an interpretative tool to strengthen understanding but isn\u2019t required for compliance.\r\n\r\n \tStrengthens insight, not calculations\r\n \tRequires external reference values\r\n \tMay introduce subjectivity if poorly sourced\r\n \tNot necessary for direct comparison between products\r\n\r\nSection 3: What Are Normalization Factors?\r\nNormalization Factors (NFs) are reference values representing environmental burdens of an average person, country, or world in a given year.\r\nExamples\r\n\r\n\r\nImpact categories and normalization factors\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nImpact category\r\nNF value\r\nSource \/ region\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nClimate change\r\n8.6 t CO\u2082 eq \/ person \/ year\r\nEF v3.1 \u2014 Europe\r\n\r\n\r\nAcidification\r\n45 mol H\u207a eq \/ person \/ year\r\nCML \u2014 Japan\r\n\r\n\r\nHuman toxicity (cancer)\r\n0.002 CTUh \/ person \/ year\r\nReCiPe \u2014 Global\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSection 4: Where to Get Normalization Factors\r\n\r\n \t\r\nOfficial LCIA methods: EF v3.1, ReCiPe, IMPACT 2002+, CML\r\n\r\n \t\r\nLCA tools: OpenLCA, SimaPro, GaBi\r\n\r\n \t\r\nPeer-reviewed literature\r\n\r\n \t\r\nGovernment databases (e.g., EPA, EU)\r\n\r\n \t\r\nCustom calculations using national statistics\r\n\r\n\r\nSection 5: Where to Get Normalization Factors\r\n\r\n \t\r\nOfficial LCIA methods: EF v3.1, ReCiPe, IMPACT 2002+, CML\r\n\r\n \t\r\nLCA tools: OpenLCA, SimaPro, GaBi\r\n\r\n \t\r\nPeer-reviewed literature\r\n\r\n \t\r\nGovernment databases (e.g., EPA, EU)\r\n\r\n \t\r\nCustom calculations using national statistics\r\n\r\n\r\nSection 6: What If Normalization Factors Are Missing?\r\nYou can construct NFs yourself:\r\n\r\nExample (Japan):\r\n\r\n \t\r\nGHG emissions = 1.1 Gt CO\u2082 eq\r\n\r\n \t\r\nPopulation = 125M\r\n\r\n \t\r\nNF = 1,100,000,000 \/ 125,000,000 = 8.8 t CO\u2082 eq\/person\/year\r\n\r\n\r\nSection 7: How to Calculate Normalized Results\r\n\r\nFormula:Normalized Result = LCIA Result \/ Normalization Factor\r\n\r\nExample:\r\n\r\n \t\r\nLCIA = 1200 kg CO\u2082 eq\r\n\r\n \t\r\nNF = 8800 kg CO\u2082 eq\/person\/year\r\n\r\n \t\r\n\u2192 Normalized result = 0.136\r\n\r\n\r\nSection 8: Raw vs. Normalized Comparison\r\n\r\n\r\nImpact category \u2014 raw vs. normalized results\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nImpact category\r\nRaw result\r\nNormalized result\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nClimate change\r\n1200 kg CO\u2082 eq\r\n0.136\r\n\r\n\r\nAcidification\r\n98 mol H\u207a eq\r\n0.217\r\n\r\n\r\nHuman toxicity (cancer)\r\n0.0015 CTUh\r\n0.75\r\n\r\n\r\nWater use\r\n50 m\u00b3\r\n0.0041\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\nVisual Comparison and Interpretation\r\nThe diagram above shows the same LCA results represented in two ways.\r\n\r\n \tThe left chart displays the raw LCIA results, where each environmental impact category is shown using its original units (e.g., kg CO\u2082 eq, CTUh, m\u00b3).\r\n \tThe right chart shows those same results after normalization \u2014 each value is divided by a reference normalization factor, typically representing the average annual burden of a person or region.\r\n\r\nAt first glance, the normalized chart may appear to contradict the raw data. For example:\r\n\r\n \tHuman Toxicity looks negligible in the raw data but becomes one of the most significant impacts after normalization.\r\n \tClimate Change, which looks dominant in the raw chart, seems less significant when normalized.\r\n\r\nThis change can be surprising, but it does not mean the results were altered or manipulated.\r\nWhy This Happens\r\nNormalization does not change the raw results \u2014 it rescales them to reflect their relative significance compared to the average environmental burden in each category. Here\u2019s what that means:\r\nExample 1: Human Toxicity\r\n\r\n \tRaw result: 0.0015 CTUh \u2014 looks tiny\r\n \tNormalization factor: 0.002 CTUh\/person\/year \u2192 this is a very small environmental budget\r\n \tNormalized: 0.0015 \u00f7 0.002 = 0.75 \u2192 or 75% of a person\u2019s average annual toxicity burden\r\n\r\nConclusion: The process is disproportionately impactful in this category \u2014 even though the raw number seemed small.\r\nExample 2: Climate Change\r\n\r\n \tRaw result: 1200 kg CO\u2082 eq \u2014 seems large\r\n \tNormalization factor: 8600 kg CO\u2082 eq\/person\/year\r\n \tNormalized: 1200 \u00f7 8600 = 0.136 \u2192 or 13.6% of the average person\u2019s yearly emissions\r\n\r\nConclusion: Climate change impact is relatively low compared to societal norms, even if the number is large in isolation.\r\nKey Takeaways\r\n\r\n \tNormalization reveals disproportionate contributions in categories where the average impact is small.\r\n \tConversely, it shrinks results in categories that are already heavily burdened globally or regionally.\r\n \tThis is not a contradiction \u2014 it\u2019s a contextual adjustment.\r\n\r\nSo Why Do Normalized Charts Look Different?\r\nBecause normalization:\r\n\r\n \tMakes all results dimensionless and comparable\r\n \tReflects how much each result contributes to known total environmental burdens\r\n \tAllows cross-category comparisons that raw results cannot offer\r\n\r\nFinal Clarification\r\nNormalization does not change the original values or LCIA results.\r\nIt only changes the lens through which those results are interpreted.\r\nThe same 1200 kg CO\u2082 eq is still 1200 kg \u2014 but normalized, it\u2019s just 13.6% of a person\u2019s average.\r\n\r\nIt\u2019s the same data \u2014 just contextualized.\r\nSection 9: What Normalization Changes \u2014 And Doesn\u2019t\r\nNormalization does not:\r\n\r\n \tChange actual LCIA values\r\n \tAlter units\r\n \tAffect EPD or verification requirements\r\n\r\nNormalization does:\r\n\r\n \tContextualize results\r\n \tAllow cross-category comparison\r\n \tHighlight relative importance\r\n\r\nIt\u2019s a lens, not a transformer.\r\nSection 10: What Is Weighting in LCA?\r\nWeighting is the step after normalization. It involves applying a value (weight) to each impact category to reflect its importance in decision-making or policy.\r\nReal-Life Analogies\r\n\r\n \tExam Grades: Science = 40%, PE = 5%\r\n \tBudget Allocation: More budget for healthcare than for PR\r\n \tShopping Choices: You might value price more than brand\r\n\r\nSection 11: Why We Use Weighting\r\n\r\n \tHelps prioritize what matters most\r\n \tEnables single-score evaluation\r\n \tSupports policy, purchasing, or design decisions\r\n \tAligns results with stakeholder values\r\n\r\nSection 12: How to Apply Weighting\r\nFormula:\r\nWeighted Score = Normalized Score \u00d7 Weight\r\n\r\n\r\nPros and cons of normalization\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nPros\r\nCons\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nEnables cross-category comparison\r\nDepends on region-specific data\r\n\r\n\r\nHighlights high relative burdens\r\nMay not be available for all categories\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nImportant Notice: Weighting Requires Normalization First\r\nYou cannot apply weighting without applying normalization first.\r\nWhy?\r\nBecause raw LCIA results are reported in different units:\r\n\r\n \tClimate Change \u2192 kg CO\u2082 eq\r\n \tAcidification \u2192 mol H\u207a eq\r\n \tHuman Toxicity \u2192 CTUh\r\n \tWater Use \u2192 m\u00b3\r\n \tResource Use \u2192 MJ\r\n\r\nThese units are incompatible for direct comparison or mathematical weighting.\r\nWhat Normalization Does\r\nNormalization converts all category results into dimensionless scores by dividing them by normalization factors (e.g., average annual environmental burden per person). This step:\r\n\r\n \tRemoves units\r\n \tPlaces all categories on the same scale\r\n \tEnables consistent weighting and ranking\r\n\r\nSummary\r\nWithout normalization, applying weighting is scientifically invalid and will result in misleading interpretations.\r\nSection 13: Can Weighting Be Used Without Normalization?\r\nNo \u2014 because LCIA results use different units.\r\nWithout normalization, weighting kilograms, moles, and CTUh directly is invalid.\r\nWeighting only works after normalization, when all values are dimensionless and comparable.\r\nSection 14: When to Use Normalization vs. Weighting\r\nNot every LCA study requires the same level of interpretation. Whether you use normalization, weighting, or both depends on why you\u2019re performing the LCA and how the results will be used. These steps can change the interpretive lens, even though the underlying results remain the same.\r\n\r\nNormalization provides contextual relevance \u2014 it helps you see how significant each impact category is in relation to global or regional totals. Weighting, on the other hand, helps you prioritize those normalized results according to stakeholder values, policies, or goals. Choosing when to apply either method \u2014 or both \u2014 is critical to producing meaningful, actionable results.\r\nSection 15: Best Practices for Normalization &amp; Weighting\r\nBest Practices for Normalization\r\n\r\n \tMatch the method, region, and year\r\n \tDocument all sources clearly\r\n \tAvoid mixing normalization sets\r\n \tUse per capita or total inventory where needed\r\n \tShow both normalized and raw values in reporting\r\n\r\nBest Practices for Weighting\r\n\r\n \tApply only after normalization\r\n \tUse stakeholder-approved or method-official weights\r\n \tDisclose all assumptions clearly\r\n \tInclude both weighted and unweighted results\r\n \tAvoid one-size-fits-all scores without transparency\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\nWhy Weighted Results May Look Similar to Normalized Results \u2014 and Why It Still Matters\r\nIn the chart above, you may notice that the Weighted Scores (right panel) appear almost identical in pattern to the Normalized Scores (middle panel). For instance, Human Toxicity remains the most significant in both, while Climate Change drops in relative prominence.\r\n\r\nThis can feel counterintuitive \u2014 if weighting is supposed to shift priorities, why do the rankings look the same?\r\nWhy the Weighted Results Often Mirror the Normalized Ones\r\n\r\n \tWeighting factors were proportional or moderate\r\nWhen weighting values (e.g., 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) are not drastically different across categories, they merely scale the normalized scores rather than reorder them.\r\n \tNormalization already captures environmental relevance\r\nMethods like EF v3.1 and ReCiPe use normalization factors based on societal or regional burdens.\r\nSo normalization itself already emphasizes categories like Human Toxicity or Climate Change according to their real-world significance.\r\n \tNo extreme trade-offs were introduced by weighting\r\nIf all categories are treated as relatively equal in importance, weighting refines results \u2014 it doesn\u2019t restructure them.\r\n\r\nSo What\u2019s the Point of Applying Weighting If the Results Stay the Same?\r\nThis is a critical insight:\r\nWeighting doesn\u2019t always change the shape of the results \u2014 but it changes the purpose.\r\nHere\u2019s why weighting still matters even when it doesn\u2019t change the bar height order:\r\nWhat Weighting Adds That Normalization Alone Does Not\r\n\r\n\r\nPurpose of weighting in LCA\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nPurpose of weighting\r\nWhy it matters\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nAssigns importance\r\nReflects policy priorities or stakeholder values\r\n\r\n\r\nEnables decision-making\r\nUsed in product comparison, procurement, and EPD reporting\r\n\r\n\r\nCondenses interpretation\r\nConverts multi-category data into a single score if needed\r\n\r\n\r\nLinks LCA to action\r\nMakes results easier to explain, defend, and justify\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nWeighting answers the question:\u201cNow that we know how much each category matters (via normalization), how much should we care, based on our goals?\u201d\r\nSection 16: Learn by Doing \u2014 DEISO LCA Training Programs\r\nDEISO offers premium Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training at multiple levels:\r\nTraining Levels\r\n\r\n \tBasic \u2013 For absolute beginners\r\n \tProfessional \u2013 From beginner to mid-level competence\r\n \tAdvanced \u2013 Full LCA modeling and interpretation\r\n \tExpert \u2013 Methodology, data sourcing, and tool mastery\r\n \tExpert+ \u2013 High-level specialization and cross-software applications\r\n\r\nSection 17: Comparison of Interpretation Strategies in LCA\r\nChoosing how to interpret LCA results \u2014 whether raw, normalized, or weighted \u2014 can significantly affect how those results are understood and acted upon. Here\u2019s a comparative summary of each strategy:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nComparison of LCA interpretation approaches\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nApproach\r\nAdvantages\r\nDisadvantages\r\nBest used for\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nRaw results only\r\n\r\n\r\n \tTransparent, unprocessed values\r\n \tEasy to trace source data\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \tDifficult to compare across categories\r\n \tNo context or prioritization\r\n\r\n\r\nAcademic studies, raw data reporting\r\n\r\n\r\nNormalized only\r\n\r\n\r\n \tAllows cross-category comparison\r\n \tHighlights disproportionate impacts\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \tCan be misinterpreted without context\r\n \tStill lacks policy direction\r\n\r\n\r\nBenchmarking, scientific analysis\r\n\r\n\r\nNormalized and weighted\r\n\r\n\r\n \tEnables decision-making\r\n \tReflects stakeholder priorities\r\n \tOffers a single aggregated score\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \tAdds subjectivity\r\n \tMay obscure raw differences\r\n \tRequires justification\r\n\r\n\r\nEPDs, procurement, policy decisions, product ranking\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSummary Insight\r\n\r\n \tNormalization gives you perspective\r\n \tWeighting gives you priorities\r\n \tRaw results give you precision, but no meaning across impact types\r\n\r\nFor most applied LCA applications \u2014 especially product comparison, EPDs, or sustainability decisions \u2014 the combination of normalization and weighting is preferred.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA project execution\r\nEnd-to-end Life Cycle Assessment delivery for products, systems, and value chains. Scientific rigor, structured workflows, and defensible, verification-ready deliverables.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA critical review \u2014 ISO 14040 \/ 14044\r\nIndependent technical assessment of completed LCA studies. Methodological consistency, transparency of assumptions, and conformance with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDEISO agri and industrial LCI database\r\nCurated life cycle inventory data and emission factors supporting modeling efficiency, data coverage, and analytical consistency across agricultural and industrial applications.\r\n\r\nExplore database \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA capacity building \u2014 ISO-aligned program\r\nExecution-based capacity building for individuals and teams building practical, standards-aligned competence in LCA methodology, study design, interpretation, and reporting.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSenior LCA strategic advisory\r\nSenior-level advisory support for LCA scope decisions, methodological architecture, study planning, and technical reinforcement for ISO-aligned LCA and EPD-related work.\r\n\r\nExplore advisory \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nGaBi (LCA for Experts) capacity building\r\nStructured GaBi capacity building for professionals who need deeper control over advanced modeling logic, database use, scenario structuring, and high-quality study development.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nopenLCA capacity building for professionals\r\nPractical openLCA capacity building for professionals seeking robust modeling skills, workflow confidence, and applied capability in one of the most widely used open-source LCA platforms.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSimaPro capacity building programs\r\nSimaPro capacity building for corporate and professional use \u2014 practical implementation, methodological quality, and stronger decision-making through advanced LCA modeling.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSimaPro advanced coaching\r\nCoaching for experienced SimaPro users who need targeted support on advanced model refinement, troubleshooting, interpretation, or project-specific technical problem-solving.\r\n\r\nExplore coaching \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nGaBi coaching for professionals\r\nCoaching for GaBi users who need focused technical guidance, model optimization support, workflow acceleration, or deeper application of advanced LCA project practices.\r\n\r\nExplore coaching \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nopenLCA professional coaching\r\nOne-to-one or team-based coaching for experienced openLCA users who need deeper technical direction, efficient troubleshooting, and project-oriented expert support.\r\n\r\nExplore coaching \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation\r\nSend DEISO a short brief of your LCA, review, advisory, database, capacity building, or coaching need and receive a tailored quotation aligned with your scope and objectives.\r\n\r\nRequest quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"How to Use Normalization and Weighting in LCA: A Complete Guide from Basics to Advanced\" data-d=\"1747041143\" data-m=\"1791007875\" data-cat=\"1737\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-to-use-normalization-and-weighting-in-lca-a-complete-guide-from-basics-to-advanced\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/LCA_DESIO_Normalization_and_Weighting-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/LCA_DESIO_Normalization_and_Weighting-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/LCA_DESIO_Normalization_and_Weighting-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/LCA_DESIO_Normalization_and_Weighting-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/LCA_DESIO_Normalization_and_Weighting-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/LCA_DESIO_Normalization_and_Weighting.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Tutorials<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Tutorials<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">12 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 11 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-to-use-normalization-and-weighting-in-lca-a-complete-guide-from-basics-to-advanced\">How to Use Normalization and Weighting in LCA: A Complete Guide from Basics to Advanced<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Section 1: What Is Normalization in LCA? Normalization is the process of placing environmental impact results into context by comparing them to a reference value, such as a\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-to-use-normalization-and-weighting-in-lca-a-complete-guide-from-basics-to-advanced\" aria-label=\"Read the article: How to Use Normalization and Weighting in LCA: A Complete Guide from Basics to Advanced\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Officially Launches Its Global Partnership Programs Announcements News News\n        DEISO officially launches its Global Partnership Programs\n        \n          DEISO is proud to announce the launch of its Global Partnership Programs, a bold initiative built to expand our worldwide collaboration in sustainability, AI-supported innovation, and environmental analysis.\n        \n        \n          As a Japan-based leader in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), GHG accounting, EPD generation, and sustainability training, DEISO is opening its doors to select international organizations, institutions, and technology developers to form strategic, scalable, and mutually beneficial alliances.\n        \n        Why this partnership program matters\n        \n          In today\u2019s rapidly evolving environmental landscape, we need strong collaboration to produce effective, tech-driven sustainability solutions globally. With over 35+ countries served, and nine tailored partnership models, DEISO lets partners unlock new value in Japan and across international markets.\n        \n        What makes partnering with DEISO unique?\n        \n          Strategic base in Tokyo, Japan for direct market access\n          Global project experience in 35+ countries\n          Multilingual team fluent in English, Japanese, Chinese, and Arabic\n          Proprietary AI cloud platforms: DEISO Spark, Visly AI, Satori AI, and EcoIN Data AI\n          Deep expertise in LCA, PCF, ESG, EPD, and digital emissions modeling\n          Engineering integration with Aspen\/HYSYS and real-time emissions dashboards\n          Global network of vetted sustainability consultants available for rapid deployment\n          Industry experience in:\n            \n              Chemical manufacturing &amp; engineering\n              Energy &amp; utilities\n              Oil &amp; gas\n              Electronics &amp; semiconductors\n              Construction &amp; building materials\n              Automotive &amp; transportation\n              Environmental consulting\n              Industrial systems\n              Packaging &amp; materials\n              Infrastructure &amp; public sector\n            \n          \n        \n        9 strategic partnership models you can join\n        \n          Co-Branded Training Partner\n          Exclusive Solution Reseller in Japan\n          Platform Localization Partner\n          AI Integration &amp; Co-Development Partner\n          Academic or Research Partner\n          Solution Distribution &amp; Support Partner\n          Enterprise Analysis Partner\n          Process Simulation Deployment Partner\n          AI-Supported Training Platform Partner\n        \n        \n          Each model is built to meet your strengths \u2014 whether you run training, build tech, lead research, or support industrial sustainability.\n        \n        How to join\n        \n          If your organization is committed to sustainability innovation and ready to expand into new markets \u2014 particularly Japan \u2014 we welcome your application.\n        \n          Get in touch\n          Contact us directly at info@dei.so\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tThe Partnership Page\" data-s=\"DEISO Officially Launches Its Global Partnership Programs\" data-d=\"1746845395\" data-m=\"1786542191\" data-cat=\"58,7\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-officially-launches-its-global-partnership-programs\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_Partnership-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_Partnership-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_Partnership-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_Partnership-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_Partnership-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DEISO_Partnership.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">10 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-officially-launches-its-global-partnership-programs\">DEISO Officially Launches Its Global Partnership Programs<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News DEISO officially launches its Global Partnership Programs DEISO is proud to announce the launch of its Global Partnership Programs, a bold initiative built to expand our worldwide\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-officially-launches-its-global-partnership-programs\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Officially Launches Its Global Partnership Programs\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Introducing DEISO\u2019s Enterprise AI Data Solution for Analysis, Dashboards &amp; Sustainability Storytelling Announcements News News\n        Introducing DEISO\u2019s enterprise AI data solution\n        Outsource your data challenges. Focus on results.\n        \n          Enterprise sustainability data is complex \u2014 often fragmented across systems, formats, and frameworks. From LCA and GHG accounting to EPDs, PCFs, and ESG reporting, organizations face a growing burden to make data not only accurate, but actionable and communicable.\n        \n        \n          DEISO\u2019s AI-supported data solution offers a new way forward: a fully managed service that handles data analysis, visualization, dashboarding, and storytelling \u2014 using advanced AI platforms and tailored for enterprise use.\n        \n        What\u2019s included\n        \n          Data analysis (LCA, GHG, EPD, PCF, ESG) \u2014 modeled and interpreted by AI + DEISO experts\n          AI-supported dashboards \u2014 decision-ready KPI visuals, trend charts, and emissions tracking\n          Narrative &amp; storytelling \u2014 reports built using DEISO Satori AI for clarity and regulatory alignment\n          System integration \u2014 compatible with Microsoft Power BI, Copilot, and your internal stack\n        \n        Collaborate with precision\n        \n          Projects are executed through DEISO Visly and DEISO Grid \u2014 our enterprise-grade platforms for visualization and team collaboration.\n        \n        \n          DEISO Visly: share dashboards, edit reports, and co-author sustainability content\n          DEISO Grid: manage project timelines, approvals, tasks, and documentation in one secure workspace\n        \n        \n          Everything is centralized, traceable, and fully interactive \u2014 between your team and ours.\n        \n        Learn more &amp; download the full presentation\n        \n          You can now explore our full service page detailing every feature, use case, and technical benefit.\n        \n          Service page\n          AI-supported data &amp; storytelling insights\n          Presentation\n          Download now\n        Ready to take the next step?\n        \n          Whether you\u2019re preparing for certification, investor communication, or life cycle modeling, DEISO is your end-to-end partner for enterprise sustainability analysis.\n        \n        \n          Contact us at info@dei.so with your scope and we will scope the work directly.\n        \n          Request a quotation \u2192\n          Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Introducing DEISO\u2019s Enterprise AI Data Solution for Analysis, Dashboards &amp; Sustainability Storytelling\" data-d=\"1746743463\" data-m=\"1786542431\" data-cat=\"58,7\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deisos-enterprise-ai-data-solution-for-analysis-dashboards-sustainability-storytelling\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DATAAI_POST-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DATAAI_POST-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DATAAI_POST-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DATAAI_POST-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DATAAI_POST-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/DATAAI_POST.jpg 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">9 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deisos-enterprise-ai-data-solution-for-analysis-dashboards-sustainability-storytelling\">Introducing DEISO\u2019s Enterprise AI Data Solution for Analysis, Dashboards &amp; Sustainability Storytelling<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Introducing DEISO\u2019s enterprise AI data solution Outsource your data challenges. Focus on results. Enterprise sustainability data is complex \u2014 often fragmented across systems, formats, and frameworks. From\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deisos-enterprise-ai-data-solution-for-analysis-dashboards-sustainability-storytelling\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Introducing DEISO\u2019s Enterprise AI Data Solution for Analysis, Dashboards &amp; Sustainability Storytelling\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Is Now on Facebook, X, and Instagram \u2014 Join Us &amp; Be Among the First to Follow! Announcements News Technology Announcement\r\n        DEISO is now on Facebook, X, and Instagram \u2014 join us and be among the first to follow\r\n        We are expanding our digital presence, and you are invited to be part of it from day one.\r\n        \r\n          While our LinkedIn community continues to thrive, we are pleased to announce that DEISO LLC is now officially live on Facebook, X (formerly Twitter), and Instagram.\r\n        \r\n        \r\n          Yes \u2014 these pages are brand new. And yes, right now they have zero followers. That is where you come in.\r\n        \r\n        \r\n          If you have enjoyed our thought leadership, training updates, and innovations here on LinkedIn, you will love what we have lined up on our new social channels.\r\n        \r\n        Here is what you will get by following us\r\n        \r\n          Early access to exclusive company updates\r\n          First looks at new trainings and premium educational programs\r\n          AI-supported digital product launches and sustainability tools\r\n          Special promotions and limited-time discounts\r\n          Behind-the-scenes content, success stories, and more\r\n        \r\n        This is not just another brand feed \u2014 it is your inside look at what is next from DEISO.\r\n        \r\n          We are building a dynamic, global community of professionals, innovators, and changemakers in sustainability, LCA, GHG, EPD, and AI-supported solutions. But we cannot do it without you.\r\n        \r\n          Be among our very first followers and help us grow these new spaces.\r\n        Follow us now on social media\r\n          DEISO channels\r\n          \r\n            Facebook: facebook.com\/deisollc\r\n            X (Twitter): x.com\/deisollc\r\n            Instagram: instagram.com\/deisollc\r\n            YouTube: youtube.com\/@deisollc\r\n            LinkedIn (still going strong): linkedin.com\/company\/desiollc\" data-s=\"DEISO Is Now on Facebook, X, and Instagram \u2014 Join Us &amp; Be Among the First to Follow!\" data-d=\"1746390682\" data-m=\"1790546715\" data-cat=\"58,7,891\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-is-now-on-facebook-x-and-instagram-join-us-be-among-the-first-to-follow\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Social_Media_Deiso-768x768.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Social_Media_Deiso-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Social_Media_Deiso-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Social_Media_Deiso-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Social_Media_Deiso-560x560.png 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Social_Media_Deiso-900x900.png 900w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Social_Media_Deiso.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">5 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-is-now-on-facebook-x-and-instagram-join-us-be-among-the-first-to-follow\">DEISO Is Now on Facebook, X, and Instagram \u2014 Join Us &amp; Be Among the First to Follow!<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Announcement DEISO is now on Facebook, X, and Instagram \u2014 join us and be among the first to follow We are expanding our digital presence, and you are\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-is-now-on-facebook-x-and-instagram-join-us-be-among-the-first-to-follow\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Is Now on Facebook, X, and Instagram \u2014 Join Us &amp; Be Among the First to Follow!\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"What Makes DEISO Training Premium? Redefining Remote, On-Site, and Off-Site Learning Excellence Globally Blog Posts Download the presentation\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t1. Introduction: DEISO\u2019s Global Excellence in Training DeliveryDEISO\u2019s commitment to delivering world-class, premium training experiences is demonstrated through its proven global track record. With training programs delivered remotely, on-site, and off-site, DEISO has successfully served 35+ countries, empowering over 1,000 professionals worldwide.The company has issued 800+ certificates, supported by rigorous quality assurance practices and aligned with international standards. With a portfolio of 50+ structured training programs and plans, along with 10+ fully customized training solutions, DEISO has earned the trust of global enterprises and professionals across industries.Each training program goes beyond conventional instruction, representing a complete knowledge transfer process. Delivery is supported by carefully structured sessions, advanced training environments, and a highly interactive methodology designed to ensure practical understanding and real-world application.2. Premium Off-Site Training Experience in the Heart of TokyoFor organizations seeking a fully immersive learning environment, DEISO offers off-site training at premium venues located in central Tokyo. These professionally selected locations provide a fully equipped, focused, and distraction-free setting designed to maximize learning outcomes.Whether delivering LCA foundation programs, advanced AI-powered workshops, or customized corporate training, participants benefit from expert-led instruction within an environment that reflects Tokyo\u2019s global reputation for innovation, precision, and excellence.3. Professional On-Site Training: Delivered Directly at Your LocationFor organizations prioritizing convenience and operational continuity, DEISO delivers on-site training directly at client facilities worldwide. This approach enables teams to learn within their own working environment while aligning training content with real operational contexts.DEISO deploys fully portable, high-performance training setups \u2014 including advanced AI-supported camera systems, physical whiteboards, and professional training materials \u2014 ensuring that the full premium training experience is delivered seamlessly on-site, without compromising quality, interactivity, or professional standards.4. Premium Remote Training via Zoom: Real-Time Interaction, Professional DeliveryDEISO\u2019s remote training, delivered via the Zoom platform, is designed to replicate a high-quality, in-person learning experience. Unlike conventional online training, sessions are conducted using physical double-sided whiteboards, enabling clear, structured explanations and a more natural teaching approach.Training is enhanced through AI-supported camera systems that capture instructor movements and expressions in real time, creating a more immersive and engaging environment. Interaction is fully integrated throughout the session \u2014 participants can ask questions, engage in discussions, and receive guidance continuously, rather than being limited to scheduled Q&amp;A segments.This approach ensures that remote training remains interactive, practical, and professionally delivered, providing an experience comparable to on-site learning while maintaining global accessibility and flexibility.5. DEISO\u2019s Premium Training PhilosophyAt DEISO, training is not task delivery \u2014 it is a structured knowledge transfer process designed to build real, operational capability. Every session is delivered with a clear focus on effectiveness, engagement, and long-term value.Adapted to individual learning styles: Designed to accommodate visual, auditory, and practical learners, even within group environments.Continuously updated: Each delivery contributes to ongoing refinement, ensuring content remains current, relevant, and aligned with industry developments.Expert-led delivery: Conducted by highly qualified professionals with advanced academic credentials and strong industry experience.Quality-controlled delivery: Sessions are internally reviewed to maintain consistency, quality, and continuous improvement.Fully customized: Tailored to the client\u2019s industry, products, and specific operational requirements.Highly interactive approach: Includes live demonstrations, applied exercises, and in-depth discussions beyond static presentation formats.DEISO\u2019s commitment to innovation, premium delivery, and continuous improvement positions it as a global leader in professional sustainability, LCA, and AI-enhanced training solutions.5. DEISO\u2019s Premium Training PhilosophyAt DEISO, training is not task delivery \u2014 it is a structured knowledge transfer process designed to build real operational capability. Every session is delivered with a focus on effectiveness, engagement, and measurable outcomes.Adapted to learning styles: Designed to accommodate visual, auditory, and practical learners, even within group environments.Continuously updated: Each delivery contributes to ongoing refinement, ensuring content remains current, relevant, and aligned with industry developments.Expert-led delivery: Conducted by highly qualified professionals with advanced academic credentials and strong industry experience.Quality-controlled sessions: Internally reviewed to maintain consistency, performance, and continuous improvement.Fully customized: Tailored to each client\u2019s industry, products, and specific operational requirements.Interactive and application-focused: Includes live demonstrations, applied exercises, and in-depth discussions beyond static presentation formats.DEISO\u2019s commitment to innovation, premium delivery, and continuous improvement positions it as a global leader in professional sustainability, LCA, and AI-enhanced training solutions.5. DEISO\u2019s Premium Training PhilosophyAt DEISO, training is not task delivery \u2014 it is a structured knowledge transfer process designed to build real operational capability. Every session is delivered with a focus on effectiveness, engagement, and measurable outcomes.Adapted to learning styles: Designed to accommodate visual, auditory, and practical learners, even within group environments.Continuously updated: Each delivery contributes to ongoing refinement, ensuring content remains current, relevant, and aligned with industry developments.Expert-led delivery: Conducted by highly qualified professionals with advanced academic credentials and strong industry experience.Quality-controlled sessions: Internally reviewed to maintain consistency, performance, and continuous improvement.Fully customized: Tailored to each client\u2019s industry, products, and specific operational requirements.Interactive and application-focused: Includes live demonstrations, applied exercises, and in-depth discussions beyond static presentation formats.DEISO\u2019s commitment to innovation, premium delivery, and continuous improvement positions it as a global leader in professional sustainability, LCA, and AI-enhanced training solutions.6. AI-Powered Training for Sustainability ExcellenceAt DEISO, training extends beyond traditional methodologies \u2014 it is enhanced, expanded, and future-ready through AI integration. DEISO delivers specialized training programs that combine sustainability expertise with Artificial Intelligence capabilities, preparing professionals to address both current challenges and emerging industry demands.Through programs such as AI-Enhanced Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and AI-Driven Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Training, DEISO equips participants with practical tools and methodologies to apply AI in sustainability practices. This includes optimizing environmental modeling, accelerating lifecycle analysis, enhancing data interpretation, and enabling faster, more informed decision-making.DEISO\u2019s AI-powered training augments conventional sustainability education by providing:AI toolkits and applied exercises: Enabling practical, real-world implementation.Hands-on integration sessions: Applying AI within LCA, ESG, and environmental modeling workflows.Advanced problem-solving capability: Addressing complex sustainability and compliance challenges using AI-driven approaches.DEISO offers flexible training pathways with or without AI integration, ensuring alignment with each organization\u2019s maturity level, strategy, and transformation objectives.Unlike traditional training providers, DEISO\u2019s programs are dynamically designed to evolve alongside industry requirements. Continuous integration of AI ensures that participants remain ahead of market expectations, fully prepared for modern sustainability reporting, digital transformation in LCA, and data-driven corporate strategies.In a rapidly evolving landscape where AI is reshaping industries, DEISO enables professionals to apply AI ethically, effectively, and strategically to achieve measurable sustainability outcomes.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tHow does DISO company differs from other training providers?\t\t\t\t\n  \n      \n        \n          \n            Feature\n            Traditional training\n            Top providers\n            DEISO premium training\n          \n        \n        \n          \n            AI-supported training capabilities\n            \n            \n            \n          \n          \n            Intelligent AI support (24\/7 assistance)\n            \n            \n            \n          \n          \n            Advanced learning materials &amp; visual assets\n            \n            \n            \n          \n          \n            Advanced remote training infrastructure\n            \n            \n            \n          \n          \n            PhD-level expert instructors\n            \n            \n            \n          \n          \n            Cloud-based training environment\n            \n            \n            \n          \n          \n            Flexible training plans &amp; budget options\n            \n            \n            \n          \n          \n            Training plan upgrade flexibility\n            \n            \n            \n          \n          \n            High-tech training hardware setup\n            \n            \n            \n          \n          \n            Advanced software integration\n            \n            \n            \n          \n          \n            AI-supported remote training execution\n            \n            \n            \n          \n        \n      \n       Included\n       Partial or varies by provider\n       Not available\n\t\tExplore your next training program with DEISO using our Training Finder \u2014 designed to match your goals, experience level, and organizational needs.\t\t\n  \n        Explore training programs\n        Explore DEISO\u2019s full training portfolio and identify the program that aligns with your goals, experience level, and technical requirements.\n        Explore training programs \u2192\n        Training case studies\n        Explore real-world training engagements run by DEISO, showing how professionals and organizations build practical, review-ready sustainability capabilities.\n        View case studies \u2192\n        Ask Mirai about a training program\n        Get instant guidance and explore specific training programs by chatting directly with DEISO Mirai AI.\n        Ask Mirai \u2192\n        Why DEISO training\n        Understand why organizations choose DEISO for expert-led, practical training programs run worldwide.\n        Why DEISO training \u2192\n        What makes DEISO training premium?\n        Discover DEISO\u2019s premium execution model, advanced training methods, and globally trusted expertise.\n        Discover premium training \u2192\n        Training FAQ\n        Review key details about execution formats, scheduling, certification, and program structure.\n        View FAQ \u2192\n        Request a training quotation\n        Ready to proceed? Request a quotation tailored to your selected training program and execution format.\n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Not sure which training fits?\n        Tell us your scope, team size, and target outcome, and DEISO will point you to the most suitable training program.\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"What Makes DEISO Training Premium? Redefining Remote, On-Site, and Off-Site Learning Excellence Globally\" data-d=\"1745824100\" data-m=\"1786372631\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-makes-deiso-training-premium-redefining-remote-on-site-and-off-site-learning-excellence-globally\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_PREMIUM_TRANING-768x512.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_PREMIUM_TRANING-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_PREMIUM_TRANING-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_PREMIUM_TRANING-1024x683.png 1022w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_PREMIUM_TRANING.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">28 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 7 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-makes-deiso-training-premium-redefining-remote-on-site-and-off-site-learning-excellence-globally\">What Makes DEISO Training Premium? Redefining Remote, On-Site, and Off-Site Learning Excellence Globally<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Download the presentation 1. Introduction: DEISO\u2019s Global Excellence in Training DeliveryDEISO\u2019s commitment to delivering world-class, premium training experiences is demonstrated through its proven global track record. With training\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-makes-deiso-training-premium-redefining-remote-on-site-and-off-site-learning-excellence-globally\" aria-label=\"Read the article: What Makes DEISO Training Premium? Redefining Remote, On-Site, and Off-Site Learning Excellence Globally\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Introducing Satori AI Engine: Empowering DEISO Projects with Intelligent Storytelling and Deep Data Insights! Announcements News Technology News\n        Introducing Satori AI Engine: equipping DEISO projects with intelligent storytelling and deep data insights\n        \n          DEISO proudly announces the launch of the Satori AI Engine \u2014 an internal, project-focused AI solution built to change how client projects are produced through intelligent storytelling and data-driven insights.\n        \n        \n          Unlike DEISO\u2019s public AI products (Type P), Satori AI is classified as a Type S AI technology \u2014 meaning it is not available as a standalone subscription service. Instead, it is integrated internally within DEISO\u2019s professional consulting services to strengthen the quality, depth, and strategic value of every project.\n        \n        \n          Satori AI automatically processes large volumes of client data \u2014 Excel files, PDF reports, online tables, and more \u2014 extracting the most relevant information and visualizing it into dynamic, interactive charts, dashboards, and AI-supported narratives. The system keeps complex sustainability studies like Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Accounting, Product Carbon Footprints (PCF), Environmental Product Declarations (EPD), ESG Reporting, LCA Studies, and Technical Data Analysis produced with sharper insights, greater clarity, and impactful storytelling.\n        \n        \n          By continuously evolving \u2014 adding new chart types and intelligent analysis models \u2014 Satori AI gives DEISO clients cutting-edge data visualization, AI-supported summaries, and strategic decision-making support embedded directly within their project outputs.\n        \n        Why Satori AI matters\n        \n          Exclusive to DEISO projects \u2014 not sold separately; integrated for client value.\n          AI storytelling excellence \u2014 turn technical complexity into understandable narratives.\n          Scalable \u2014 handles massive datasets from Excel, PDFs, online sources, and beyond.\n          Continual evolution \u2014 new chart types and AI improvements added regularly.\n          Optimized for sustainability, ESG, and technical reporting.\n        \n        Interested in strengthening your next project?\n        \n          If you\u2019re ready to take your ESG reporting, sustainability assessments, or data-driven projects to the next level, tell us your project needs and we will scope the work directly.\n        \n          Request a quotation \u2192\n          Start at go.dei.so \u2192\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tLearn About Satori AI Engine\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tLearn About DEISO Story Telling AI\" data-s=\"Introducing Satori AI Engine: Empowering DEISO Projects with Intelligent Storytelling and Deep Data Insights!\" data-d=\"1745787624\" data-m=\"1790719565\" data-cat=\"58,7,891\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-satori-ai-engine-empowering-deiso-projects-with-intelligent-storytelling-and-deep-data-insights\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DESIO_SANTORY_ENGINE-768x768.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DESIO_SANTORY_ENGINE-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DESIO_SANTORY_ENGINE-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DESIO_SANTORY_ENGINE-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DESIO_SANTORY_ENGINE-560x560.png 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DESIO_SANTORY_ENGINE-900x900.png 900w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DESIO_SANTORY_ENGINE.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">28 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-satori-ai-engine-empowering-deiso-projects-with-intelligent-storytelling-and-deep-data-insights\">Introducing Satori AI Engine: Empowering DEISO Projects with Intelligent Storytelling and Deep Data Insights!<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Introducing Satori AI Engine: equipping DEISO projects with intelligent storytelling and deep data insights DEISO proudly announces the launch of the Satori AI Engine \u2014 an internal,\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-satori-ai-engine-empowering-deiso-projects-with-intelligent-storytelling-and-deep-data-insights\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Introducing Satori AI Engine: Empowering DEISO Projects with Intelligent Storytelling and Deep Data Insights!\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Official Announcement: Updated Email Addresses and Brand Logo Announcements Company announcement\r\nUpdated company email addresses and brand identity\r\nDear clients, partners, and stakeholders,\r\n\r\nWe are pleased to announce important updates reflecting DEISO\u2019s recent global developments, mission expansion, and strengthened brand consistency.\r\nUpdated company email addresses\r\nAs part of our strategic global branding initiative \u2014 aligned with our domain (www.dei.so) \u2014 we have updated all DEISO email addresses.\r\nKey points\r\n\r\n \tNew standard: our official email domain has changed from @deiso.co.jp to @dei.so.\r\n \tCurrent status:\r\n\r\n \tMessages sent to @deiso.co.jp will still be received.\r\n \tAll outgoing communication will now be sent from @dei.so addresses.\r\n\r\n\r\n \tNew general contact address: info@dei.so\r\n\r\nWhy this change\r\n\r\n \tTo unify and strengthen DEISO\u2019s brand globally.\r\n \tTo keep consistency across our corporate communications, digital platforms, and services.\r\n \tTo reflect DEISO\u2019s expanded global presence across 35+ countries and growing.\r\n\r\nAction required\r\n\r\n \tPlease update your records and address book to reflect our new email addresses for all future communications.\r\n\r\nWe appreciate your understanding and continuous support as DEISO grows to better serve you worldwide.\r\n\r\nUpdated DEISO logo and brand identity\r\nAs part of our growth and brand evolution, we are pleased to announce the updated DEISO logo and colour concept, reinforcing our commitment to sustainability, innovation, global impact, and human resource development.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nWhere to access the new logos\r\n\r\n \tDownload all logos (single files or as a ZIP archive) via the official link: https:\/\/dei.so\/brand-assets-and-pdfs\/\r\n\r\nDownload the high-resolution logos \u2192\r\nNew brand message\r\n\u201cYour partner in sustainability, innovation, and human resource development.\u201d\r\nAbout DEISO\u2019s evolution\r\n\r\n \tExpanded global presence across 35+ countries.\r\n \tIntroduction of new AI-supported sustainability solutions, strengthened LCA, PCF, GHG, and EPD services, and new training programs.\r\n \tStrengthened focus on actionable, measurable environmental impact and equipping organizations and individuals.\r\n\r\nIn closing\r\nAt DEISO, we are not just adapting to a changing world but actively shaping it.\r\n\r\nThese updates to our email communication and visual identity reaffirm our dedication to clarity, consistency, innovation, and global collaboration.\r\n\r\nWe thank you for your continued trust in DEISO. Together, we will continue to make an impact.\r\n\r\nContact\r\n\r\nDEISO LLC (\u5408\u540c\u4f1a\u793e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bd)\r\n\r\nTokyo, Japan\r\n\r\ninfo@dei.so\r\n\r\nwww.dei.so (also accessible via www.deiso.co.jp)\" data-s=\"DEISO Official Announcement: Updated Email Addresses and Brand Logo\" data-d=\"1745774198\" data-m=\"1789630938\" data-cat=\"58\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/important-deiso-official-announcement-updated-email-addresses-and-brand-logo\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/cropped-DESIO_Company_Logo_@High_Favicon-1.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/cropped-DESIO_Company_Logo_@High_Favicon-1.png 512w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/cropped-DESIO_Company_Logo_@High_Favicon-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/cropped-DESIO_Company_Logo_@High_Favicon-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/cropped-DESIO_Company_Logo_@High_Favicon-1-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/cropped-DESIO_Company_Logo_@High_Favicon-1-192x192.png 192w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/elementor\/thumbs\/cropped-DESIO_Company_Logo_@High_Favicon-1-r73qp856gz9ub9m16cbsb4wgm1xbrqcdl6qzu68buw.png 180w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/cropped-DESIO_Company_Logo_@High_Favicon-1-32x32.png 32w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/elementor\/thumbs\/cropped-DESIO_Company_Logo_@High_Favicon-1-r73qp857bofcfvbn9kxlse3bc6vgtyldpfym55kdvo.png 250w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/elementor\/thumbs\/cropped-DESIO_Company_Logo_@High_Favicon-1-rr81ru5u6z3w44srkv2dvnk5crphytpqonw8lq83ow.png 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">28 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/important-deiso-official-announcement-updated-email-addresses-and-brand-logo\">DEISO Official Announcement: Updated Email Addresses and Brand Logo<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Company announcement Updated company email addresses and brand identity Dear clients, partners, and stakeholders, We are pleased to announce important updates reflecting DEISO\u2019s recent global developments, mission expansion,\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/important-deiso-official-announcement-updated-email-addresses-and-brand-logo\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Official Announcement: Updated Email Addresses and Brand Logo\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Announcing the next level, ESG training: Strategic ESG Mastery &amp; AI-Powered Reporting for Enterprises Training Announcements News Strategic ESG Mastery &amp; AI-Powered Reporting for Enterprises\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tThe Most Up-to-Date and Comprehensive ESG Training Available\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tWe are excited to announce our advanced, innovative, and most up-to-date training program available in the market.The Strategic ESG Mastery &amp; AI-Powered Reporting for Enterprises training program offers cutting-edge insights, AI-driven capabilities, and practical, hands-on learning designed for professionals and organizations that want to lead ESG transformation effectively.This program is the most comprehensive ESG training that blends global best practices with AI-powered tools to accelerate your ESG reporting and compliance.What Makes This ESG Training Different?AI-Powered Modules: Learn how to integrate AI tools into your daily ESG operations and automate everything from emissions tracking to real-time forecasting.Comprehensive Curriculum: With 17 expertly curated modules, you will gain a deep understanding of ESG frameworks like GRI, SASB, CSRD, SDGs, and TCFD, and learn how to leverage them in real-world scenarios.Tailored for Enterprises &amp; Individuals: Whether you\u2019re a team of ESG officers or an individual professional, we can customize the training to meet your needs. You can choose from remote, onsite, or offsite delivery and benefit from flexible scheduling options.Training Flexibility for AllOur ESG training can be delivered to individuals or enterprises.One-to-One Remote Training for personalized learning.Group Training for Teams that provides interactive, AI-powered sessions for organizations of all sizes.Onsite and Offsite Delivery available, perfect for customized training experiences at your location or in our global learning hubs.Key Features of Our ESG Training:Comprehensive AI-Powered Training ModulesThree Months Access to the DEISO Intelligent AI ChatbotExclusive Access to the DEISO Advanced Training Platform \u2013 DEISO GridHands-On, Slide-by-Slide Trainee ExercisesIn-Depth ESG Report AnalysisSeamless File Sharing with DEISO ShareAI-Powered Remote Training ExperienceRecognized Certification Upon Passing the ExamDelivered by Industry ExpertsFlexible Scheduling to Match Your Needs\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tWhy Choose Our Program?Practical and Action-Driven: This is not just a theoretical course\u2014it\u2019s a hands-on, implementation-focused training designed to give you the tools to create real-world impact.Comprehensive Support: You\u2019ll have 24\/7 access to the DEISO Intelligent ESG Assistant, an AI-powered chatbot that answers your questions and provides real-time guidance on ESG topics.Enterprise-Ready: Perfect for ESG managers, strategy leads, board members, consultants, and sustainability teams seeking to implement AI-powered ESG solutions at scale.\u00a0Contact Us Today!We encourage you to contact us for any questions or to request a personalized quotation.Whether you are looking for individual training or enterprise-wide ESG transformation, we offer flexible delivery formats to suit your unique needs and schedule.Don\u2019t miss out on this cutting-edge training\u2014tailored to make you ESG-ready with the latest in AI technology.Book your spot today or request more information:Contact Us.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tVisit the Training Program\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tDownload the Training Brochure\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tRequest a Quotation\" data-s=\"Announcing the next level, ESG training: Strategic ESG Mastery &amp; AI-Powered Reporting for Enterprises Training\" data-d=\"1745651988\" data-m=\"1786542913\" data-cat=\"58,7\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/strategic-esg-mastery-ai-powered-reporting-for-enterprises\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_ESG_AI_Training_1-768x768.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_ESG_AI_Training_1-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_ESG_AI_Training_1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_ESG_AI_Training_1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_ESG_AI_Training_1-560x560.png 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_ESG_AI_Training_1-900x900.png 900w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/DEISO_ESG_AI_Training_1.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">26 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/strategic-esg-mastery-ai-powered-reporting-for-enterprises\">Announcing the next level, ESG training: Strategic ESG Mastery &amp; AI-Powered Reporting for Enterprises Training<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Strategic ESG Mastery &amp; AI-Powered Reporting for Enterprises The Most Up-to-Date and Comprehensive ESG Training Available We are excited to announce our advanced, innovative, and most up-to-date training\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/strategic-esg-mastery-ai-powered-reporting-for-enterprises\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Announcing the next level, ESG training: Strategic ESG Mastery &amp; AI-Powered Reporting for Enterprises Training\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Visly Is Now Live: Official Release for Clients, Partners &amp; Trainees Announcements News Technology News\n        \n          After an extended beta phase and extensive project testing, DEISO Visly \u2014 our fully integrated, AI-augmented Project Intelligence &amp; Visualization Portal \u2014 is now officially live and available for active DEISO clients, partners, and trainees.\n        \n          Access now\n          visly.dei.so\n        What is DEISO Visly?\n        \n          DEISO Visly is not just a platform \u2014 it\u2019s an ecosystem-supporting environment built to support our core services, including:\n        \n        \n          Research &amp; reporting\n          LCA, GHG &amp; EPD projects\n          Sustainability &amp; ESG programs\n          Data storytelling-as-a-service\n          AI-augmented training &amp; certification\n        \n        \n          Rather than being sold separately, Visly is deployed exclusively within DEISO projects \u2014 providing intelligent dashboards, AI insights, collaboration tools, and powerful reporting interfaces for selected services and clients.\n        \n        What can you do with DEISO Visly\n          \n            \n              \n                Feature\n                Capability\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Visualize results\n                Mid-\/endpoint impact results, Scope 1\u20134, ESG KPIs\n              \n              \n                AI-generated insights\n                LCIA summaries, sustainability indicators, stakeholder briefs\n              \n              \n                Collaborate live\n                Co-edit Google Docs, Sheets, and training files with DEISO\n              \n              \n                Manage workflows\n                Use task boards, folders, and approvals to stay aligned\n              \n              \n                Communicate easily\n                Integrated project messaging with DEISO teams\n              \n              \n                Embed &amp; organize\n                Files, tools, dashboards, and training assets in one place\n              \n              \n                Storytelling-as-a-service\n                Transform data into compelling, audience-ready narratives\n              \n            \n          \n        Built for these key use cases\n        \n          LCA report preparation &amp; co-authoring\n          EPD project data &amp; certification collaboration\n          GHG emissions analysis &amp; summary dashboards\n          ESG narrative building with AI assistance\n          R&amp;D visualization &amp; academic paper support\n          AI-supported training programs &amp; case exercises\n        \n        Included in all eligible DEISO services\n        DEISO Visly is now automatically provisioned for the following engagements:\n        \n          Active LCA, GHG, EPD, and ESG client projects\n          R&amp;D or research partnerships\n          Sustainability training and certification participants\n          Approved DEISO partners and collaborators (at no cost)\n        \n        Ready to experience intelligent project collaboration?\n          Get started\n          Contact us at info@dei.so\n          Or get started via go.dei.so\n        Let Visly support your next sustainability success.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tExplore Visly\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tLogin to Visly\" data-s=\"DEISO Visly Is Now Live: Official Release for Clients, Partners &amp; Trainees\" data-d=\"1745581501\" data-m=\"1786540778\" data-cat=\"58,7,891\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-visly-is-now-live-official-release-for-clients-partners-trainees\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"700\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/DEISO_Visly.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/DEISO_Visly.png 700w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/DEISO_Visly-300x150.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">25 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-visly-is-now-live-official-release-for-clients-partners-trainees\">DEISO Visly Is Now Live: Official Release for Clients, Partners &amp; Trainees<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News After an extended beta phase and extensive project testing, DEISO Visly \u2014 our fully integrated, AI-augmented Project Intelligence &amp; Visualization Portal \u2014 is now officially live and\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-visly-is-now-live-official-release-for-clients-partners-trainees\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Visly Is Now Live: Official Release for Clients, Partners &amp; Trainees\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Announcing DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v3.0 \u2013 A Smarter, More Personalized Sustainability Chatbot Announcements News Technology News\n        Announcing DEISO Mirai AI v3.0 \u2014 a smarter, more personalized sustainability chatbot\n        What is Mirai AI?\n        \n          Mirai AI is DEISO\u2019s intelligent, multilingual chatbot built to help visitors, companies, and sustainability professionals easily explore DEISO\u2019s services, solutions, platforms, and training. Trained exclusively on DEISO\u2019s official knowledge base and using advanced large language model (LLM) capabilities, Mirai is not just a chatbot \u2014 it\u2019s your personal guide for navigating regulatory alignment, EPDs, LCA, carbon accounting, and global sustainability challenges.\n        \n        Whether you are a first-time visitor or a long-term client, Mirai AI provides:\n        \n          Instant answers on DEISO\u2019s services and platforms\n          Country-specific and industry-specific environmental support\n          Personalized project recommendations based on your operations\n          Guided conversations tailored to your sector and goals\n          Smart navigation of the DEISO website\n        \n        What\u2019s new in Mirai AI v3.0\n        Brand new major features\n          1\n            LLM-supported global personalization engine\n            Mirai now understands your industry, goals, and operating countries to recommend precise solutions from DEISO\u2019s offerings.\n              Try these prompts\n              \n                \u201cI run a cement company in France. What EPD do I need?\u201d\n                \u201cWe manufacture packaging in Germany. What support does DEISO offer for Scope 3 emissions?\u201d\n                \u201cCan DEISO help with GHG verification in Saudi Arabia and Italy?\u201d\n              \n          2\n            Brand new user interface (UI)\n            Clean, mobile-friendly interface with dedicated tabs:\n            \n              Explore by category (e.g., training, tools, consulting)\n              Latest announcements embedded in-chat\n              Chat modes: simple \/ advanced \/ multilingual\n            \n              Try these prompts\n              \n                \u201cWhat are the latest updates from DEISO?\u201d\n                \u201cShow me consulting options for digital solutions.\u201d\n                \u201cWhat events or training are coming up this month?\u201d\n              \n          3\n            Human chat (live agent integration)\n            Need a real person? Mirai now connects you with a DEISO expert.\n              Try these prompts\n              \n                \u201cCan I speak with a human?\u201d\n                \u201cI need to book a consultation with DEISO.\u201d\n                \u201cCan you forward me to a training coordinator?\u201d\n              \n        Minor features added\n        \n          Smart link generator\n        \n        Dynamically fetches DEISO page URLs based on your prompt.\n          Try\n          \n            \u201cShow me the link to the training finder.\u201d\n            \u201cWhere is the CFs Finder platform page?\u201d\n            \u201cLink to EcoIN Data AI tool.\u201d\n          \n        \n          Role-based prompt suggestions\n        \n        Tailored answers for students, engineers, managers, and consultants.\n          Try\n          \n            \u201cI\u2019m a sustainability student. What can I learn here?\u201d\n            \u201cI\u2019m a corporate manager \u2014 where should I start?\u201d\n            \u201cWe\u2019re researchers. What academic services does DEISO offer?\u201d\n          \n        \n          Multi-country contextual logic\n        \n        Ask questions across multiple operating locations.\n          Try\n          \n            \u201cWe operate in Spain, Japan, and the U.S. What services suit us best?\u201d\n            \u201cCan you help with international GHG regulatory alignment?\u201d\n            \u201cWhat EPD rules apply across Europe and Asia?\u201d\n          \n        Upgrades &amp; experience improvements\n        \n          Improved mobile responsiveness\n          Categorized FAQs by topic\n          Auto-suggest follow-up questions after each reply\n          Smarter visual and logo responses (with resizing fix)\n          Stronger navigation across DEISO knowledge base\n        \n        Bug fixes summary\n        Minor\n        \n          Fixed logo rendering issues\n          Removed unsupported file-upload prompts\n          Improved prompt recognition for typos (e.g., \u201cgabi\u201d \u2192 \u201cGaBi\u201d)\n        \n        Major\n        \n          Chat crashing when querying multiple regions (resolved)\n          Image overflow on mobile UI (fixed with new resizing logic)\n        \n        Why use Mirai AI?\n        For DEISO visitors\n        \n          Immediate help navigating services without browsing\n          Tailored results for training, software, consulting, and more\n        \n        For DEISO clients\n        \n          Personalized project roadmaps (GHG, EPD, PCF, ESG)\n          Alignment with laws across 150+ countries\n          Streamlined access to DEISO\u2019s platforms (EcoIN, CFs Finder, Spark)\n        \n        \n          Whether you\u2019re here to explore or request a quote, Mirai AI v3.0 is your companion from discovery to execution.\n        \n          Try Mirai AI today on https:\/\/dei.so and get expert sustainability support \u2014 24\/7, personalized, and ready to guide you.\n          Have a question? Just ask Mirai.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tTry Mirai AI\" data-s=\"Announcing DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v3.0 \u2013 A Smarter, More Personalized Sustainability Chatbot\" data-d=\"1745144367\" data-m=\"1786540919\" data-cat=\"58,7,891\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/announcing-deiso-mirai-ai-v3-0-a-smarter-more-personalized-sustainability-chatbot\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"784\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Mirai_AI-768x784.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Mirai_AI-768x784.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Mirai_AI-294x300.jpg 294w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Mirai_AI.jpg 885w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">20 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/announcing-deiso-mirai-ai-v3-0-a-smarter-more-personalized-sustainability-chatbot\">Announcing DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v3.0 \u2013 A Smarter, More Personalized Sustainability Chatbot<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Announcing DEISO Mirai AI v3.0 \u2014 a smarter, more personalized sustainability chatbot What is Mirai AI? Mirai AI is DEISO\u2019s intelligent, multilingual chatbot built to help visitors,\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/announcing-deiso-mirai-ai-v3-0-a-smarter-more-personalized-sustainability-chatbot\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Announcing DEISO Mirai\u2122 AI Pro v3.0 \u2013 A Smarter, More Personalized Sustainability Chatbot\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Exploring Scope 4 GHG Emissions: Concept, Examples, and Future Trends Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Introduction\n        \n          As organisations intensify efforts on climate change, accurately measuring and managing greenhouse gas emissions has become a core commercial capability. Emissions are conventionally categorised into Scopes 1, 2, and 3 according to whether they are direct, energy-related, or spread across the value chain. Alongside these, a further concept has gained attention: avoided emissions, informally called \u201cScope 4\u201d, which addresses emissions prevented elsewhere through the adoption of a product, service, or solution.\n        \n          A necessary clarification before anything else\n          \n            \u201cScope 4\u201d is not an official scope. The GHG Protocol defines three scopes, and avoided emissions sit outside the corporate inventory entirely. They must be reported separately and can never be subtracted from Scopes 1, 2, or 3 to produce a lower net figure. A company reporting 500,000 tonnes of emissions and one million tonnes avoided still emitted 500,000 tonnes.\n          \n        What are avoided emissions?\n        \n          Avoided emissions are the difference between the emissions that occurred and the emissions that would have occurred had a reference solution been used instead. Where Scopes 1 to 3 measure emissions attributable to an organisation, avoided emissions quantify a comparative benefit occurring in someone else\u2019s inventory \u2014 typically a customer\u2019s.\n        \n        \n          The distinction matters for how the figure behaves. An inventory figure is attributional: it allocates real, measured emissions. An avoided emissions figure is consequential: it compares reality against a counterfactual that did not happen and therefore cannot be measured, only argued.\n        \n        How avoided emissions differ from the three scopes\n          \n            \n              \n                Aspect\n                Scopes 1, 2, and 3\n                Avoided emissions\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                What is measured\n                Emissions that occurred\n                Difference against emissions that would have occurred\n              \n              \n                Approach\n                Attributional\n                Consequential\n              \n              \n                Where the effect occurs\n                Within the company or its value chain\n                Usually in the customer\u2019s or society\u2019s inventory\n              \n              \n                Verifiability\n                Verifiable against records and meters\n                Depends entirely on the reference scenario chosen\n              \n              \n                Reporting treatment\n                Reported as the inventory\n                Reported separately, never netted against the inventory\n              \n              \n                Target setting\n                Basis for science-based targets\n                Not accepted toward reduction targets\n              \n            \n          \n        Background and development\n        \n          The three scopes were introduced by the Greenhouse Gas Protocol, developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), which established the standardised approach organisations use to measure and report emissions consistently.\n        \n        \n          The avoided emissions concept developed later, driven by companies whose products reduce emissions in use \u2014 renewable technology, efficiency solutions, insulation, software \u2014 and whose corporate inventories therefore understate their climate contribution. WBCSD has published guidance on avoided emissions, and CDP and other frameworks have addressed how such claims should be presented.\n        \n        \n          There is currently no dedicated ISO standard for avoided emissions. The methodological reference points are ISO 14064-2 for project-level emission reductions, ISO 14067 and ISO 14040\/14044 for the product footprints the comparison rests on, and the GHG Protocol Project Protocol for comparative quantification.\n        \n        The mathematics\n        \n          The core calculation is a difference between two life cycle footprints delivering the same function. Everything difficult about avoided emissions is contained in defining the second term.\n        \n          Core avoided emissions equation\n          AE = ( Ereference \u2212 Esolution ) \u00d7 Q\n          \n            AE \u2014 avoided emissions, in tonnes CO\u2082e. Ereference \u2014 life cycle emissions per functional unit of the reference solution. Esolution \u2014 life cycle emissions per functional unit of the solution being assessed. Q \u2014 quantity of functional units supplied in the reporting period.\n          \n        \n          Both terms must cover the full life cycle, not the use phase alone. A solution that reduces operational emissions while carrying a higher manufacturing footprint may avoid far less than its use-phase difference suggests, or nothing at all.\n        \n          Full life cycle form\n          AE = [ ( Eprod,ref + Euse,ref + Eeol,ref ) \u2212 ( Eprod,sol + Euse,sol + Eeol,sol ) ] \u00d7 Q\n          \n            Production, use, and end-of-life for each option. Omitting the production term is the most common way an avoided emissions figure is overstated.\n          \n        The attribution problem\n        \n          A solution rarely delivers its benefit alone. Where several actors contribute \u2014 the technology provider, the installer, the financier, the customer who chose it \u2014 the same avoided tonne can be claimed several times over. An attribution factor addresses this.\n        \n          Attributed avoided emissions\n          AEattributed = AEtotal \u00d7 \u03b1\n          \n            \u03b1 \u2014 the share of the outcome attributable to the reporting organisation, between 0 and 1. There is no settled convention for setting it, which is precisely why it must be disclosed and justified rather than assumed to be 1.\n          \n        Additionality and counterfactual correction\n        \n          Part of the market would have adopted a lower-emission alternative regardless. Claiming the full difference against the incumbent technology credits the reporting company with change that was already happening.\n        \n          Baseline adjustment\n          Ereference = ( sincumbent \u00d7 Eincumbent ) + ( salt \u00d7 Ealt )\n          \n            s \u2014 market shares of each alternative that would plausibly have been chosen, summing to 1. A market-average reference is more defensible than comparing against the worst available technology.\n          \n        Time and durability\n          Avoided emissions over an asset lifetime\n          AElifetime = \u03a3t=1n ( Eref,t \u2212 Esol,t ) \u00d7 Qt\n          \n            The reference emission factor is not constant. As grids decarbonise, Eref falls year on year, so an efficiency or electrification solution avoids progressively less over its life. Holding the reference factor fixed at year one systematically overstates the total.\n          \n        Worked example: cloud migration\n        \n          A technology provider migrates a customer from on-premise data centres to cloud infrastructure. Figures below are illustrative and rounded, to show the calculation structure.\n        \n        Reference scenario \u2014 on-premise data centre\n        \n          Annual energy consumption: 1,000 GWh = 1 \u00d7 109 kWh\n          Grid carbon intensity: 1,000 g CO\u2082e\/kWh\n        \n          Reference emissions\n          Eref = (1 \u00d7 109 kWh \u00d7 1,000 g\/kWh) \u00f7 106 = 1,000,000 t CO\u2082e \/ year\n          Grams are converted to tonnes by dividing by 106, not multiplying.\n        Solution scenario \u2014 cloud infrastructure\n        \n          Annual energy consumption: 200 GWh = 2 \u00d7 108 kWh\n          Effective carbon intensity after renewable supply: 100 g CO\u2082e\/kWh\n          Supporting infrastructure, embodied hardware, and logistics: 180,000 t CO\u2082e \/ year\n        \n          Solution emissions\n          Eenergy = (2 \u00d7 108 kWh \u00d7 100 g\/kWh) \u00f7 106 = 20,000 t CO\u2082e\n          Esol = 20,000 + 180,000 = 200,000 t CO\u2082e \/ year\n        Avoided emissions summary\n          \n            \n              \n                Scenario\n                Annual emissions (t CO\u2082e)\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Reference \u2014 on-premise data centre\n                1,000,000\n              \n              \n                Solution \u2014 cloud infrastructure\n                200,000\n              \n              \n                Avoided emissions\n                800,000\n              \n            \n          \n          What this figure does and does not say\n          \n            The 800,000 tonnes is a comparison against one chosen reference. Change the reference \u2014 a modern efficient on-premise facility rather than an ageing one, or a grid intensity of 400 g rather than 1,000 g \u2014 and the result falls substantially. The number is a statement about the comparison, not a measurement of the world, and it does not reduce the provider\u2019s own reported emissions by a single tonne.\n          \n        Practical examples across industries\n        Energy\n        \n          A provider installs solar generation displacing grid electricity. Avoided emissions are the difference between the grid emission factor and the life cycle factor of the solar generation, multiplied by MWh delivered.\n        \n          Renewable generation\n          AE = ( EFgrid \u2212 EFsolar,LCA ) \u00d7 MWhgenerated\n          The solar factor is not zero \u2014 panel manufacturing, mounting, inverters, and end-of-life all carry emissions, typically an order of magnitude below fossil generation but not nil.\n        Transport\n        \n          An electric vehicle replaces an internal combustion vehicle. The comparison must be over the full lifetime and must include battery manufacturing, which loads the EV heavily at production and is repaid over distance driven.\n        \n          Vehicle comparison and breakeven\n          AE = [ ( Emfg,ICE + d \u00d7 EFfuel ) \u2212 ( Emfg,EV + d \u00d7 c \u00d7 EFgrid ) ]\n          dbreakeven = ( Emfg,EV \u2212 Emfg,ICE ) \u00f7 ( EFfuel \u2212 c \u00d7 EFgrid )\n          d \u2014 lifetime distance. c \u2014 electricity consumption per km. The breakeven distance is where the EV\u2019s higher manufacturing footprint has been repaid, and it varies widely with grid intensity.\n        Agriculture\n        \n          Precision farming reduces fertiliser application, fuel use, and passes across the field. The nitrogen effect dominates, because fertiliser carries both a production footprint and field N\u2082O emissions.\n        \n          Reduced fertiliser application\n          AE = \u0394N \u00d7 ( EFproduction + EFN\u2082O field ) + \u0394Ffuel \u00d7 EFdiesel\n        Buildings\n        \n          Insulation, heat pumps, and glazing reduce operational heating and cooling demand. Avoided emissions accrue over decades, which makes the declining grid factor over time material to the calculation.\n        \n        Industrial equipment\n        \n          A high-efficiency motor, compressor, or heat exchanger reduces energy per unit of output against the equipment it replaces or against the market-average alternative.\n        \n          Equipment efficiency\n          AE = P \u00d7 h \u00d7 ( 1\u00f7\u03b7ref \u2212 1\u00f7\u03b7sol ) \u00d7 EFenergy\n          P \u2014 useful power output. h \u2014 annual operating hours. \u03b7 \u2014 efficiency of each option.\n        Materials and chemicals\n        \n          A lower-carbon cement, steel, or polymer displaces a conventional grade at equal performance. The functional unit must reflect performance equivalence \u2014 comparing per tonne rather than per unit of structural function will mislead if the materials differ in strength.\n        \n        Software and digital services\n        \n          Route optimisation, remote monitoring, or predictive maintenance reduce fuel, travel, or material use. These are the hardest claims to substantiate, because the counterfactual behaviour is not observable and rebound effects are common.\n        \n        Where these claims go wrong\n        \n          1Netting against the inventory. Presenting emissions minus avoided emissions as a net figure. This is the most serious error and invalidates the whole disclosure.\n          2Choosing a flattering reference. Comparing against the worst available technology rather than the realistic market alternative.\n          3Omitting the production footprint. Counting use-phase savings while ignoring the emissions of making the solution.\n          4Ignoring rebound effects. Efficiency that lowers cost can increase consumption, returning part of the saving.\n          5Double counting. Manufacturer, installer, financier, and customer each claiming the same avoided tonne.\n          6Holding factors static. Assuming a decarbonising grid stays at today\u2019s intensity for twenty years.\n          7Claiming avoided emissions while growing absolute emissions. A company can genuinely enable reductions elsewhere and still be increasing its own footprint. Both must be visible.\n        \n        How to report avoided emissions credibly\n        \n          Report separately from the inventory, with the Scope 1, 2, and 3 figures presented alongside and never adjusted.\n          State the reference scenario explicitly and justify why it represents the realistic alternative.\n          Use full life cycle footprints for both options, prepared under ISO 14067 or the GHG Protocol Product Standard.\n          Disclose the attribution factor and its basis.\n          Present a sensitivity analysis showing how the result moves with the reference scenario and key factors.\n          Seek third-party verification, drawing on ISO 14064-2 and ISO 14064-3 practice.\n          Do not use avoided emissions toward science-based targets, which are set on the inventory alone.\n        \n        Future developments\n        \n          Methodological standardisation. Consistent rules for reference scenarios, attribution, and additionality are the missing piece; work is under way but not settled.\n          Position within disclosure frameworks. How avoided emissions sit alongside mandatory reporting under CSRD, IFRS S2, and CDP is still being defined.\n          Investor use. Climate solution revenue and avoided emissions are increasingly used to identify transition-aligned companies, which raises the stakes on comparability.\n          Verification. As claims grow more commercially significant, independent assurance is likely to become the expectation rather than the exception.\n        \n        Conclusion\n        \n          Avoided emissions capture something real that the three scopes cannot: a company whose products reduce emissions in customers\u2019 hands has a climate contribution its own inventory understates. Quantifying that contribution is legitimate, useful, and increasingly expected by investors.\n        \n        \n          It is also the easiest climate figure to overstate, because the comparison scenario is chosen rather than measured. The discipline is straightforward: full life cycle boundaries on both sides, a defensible reference, a stated attribution factor, sensitivity analysis, and separate reporting that never touches the inventory. Presented that way, avoided emissions strengthen a company\u2019s position. Presented as a net reduction, they undermine it.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Exploring Scope 4 GHG Emissions: Concept, Examples, and Future Trends\" data-d=\"1742298009\" data-m=\"1786558079\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/exploring-scope-4-ghg-emissions-concept-examples-and-future-trends\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">18 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/exploring-scope-4-ghg-emissions-concept-examples-and-future-trends\">Exploring Scope 4 GHG Emissions: Concept, Examples, and Future Trends<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Introduction As organisations intensify efforts on climate change, accurately measuring and managing greenhouse gas emissions has become a core commercial capability. Emissions are conventionally categorised into\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/exploring-scope-4-ghg-emissions-concept-examples-and-future-trends\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Exploring Scope 4 GHG Emissions: Concept, Examples, and Future Trends\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Open Positions: Lead GHG Verifiers Announcements Jobs Careers\n        \n          DEISO LLC is seeking highly qualified and experienced Lead GHG Verifiers to join our expert team. This is an excellent opportunity to work with a leading organization in greenhouse gas (GHG) verification and sustainability.\n        \n          Position details\n          LocationTokyo\n          Application deadlineMarch 15, 2025\n          Number of applicants2\n        Key responsibilities\n        \n          Perform verification of GHG emissions and carbon footprints in line with international standards.\n          Conduct assessments of product carbon footprints and confirm adherence to ISO standards.\n          Evaluate and verify environmental and sustainability data across various sectors.\n          Provide expert recommendations and guidance to clients to improve their GHG management practices.\n          Keep regulatory alignment with regulatory and voluntary frameworks.\n        \n        Essential requirements\n        Candidates must demonstrate the following qualifications and experience:\n        GHG ISO standards (ISO 14064 series)\n        \n          Full professionalism and in-depth expertise with:\n            \n              ISO 14064-1: specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of GHG emissions and removals.\n              ISO 14064-2: specification with guidance at the project level for quantification, monitoring, and reporting of GHG emission reductions or removal enhancements.\n              ISO 14064-3: specification with guidance for the validation and verification of GHG assertions.\n            \n          \n        \n        Product carbon footprint ISO standard\n        \n          Full fluency and practical application of ISO 14067: carbon footprint of products \u2014 requirements and guidelines for quantification and communication.\n        \n        ISO standards\n        \n          Expertise and full professionalism with:\n            \n              ISO 14040: environmental management \u2014 life cycle assessment \u2014 principles and framework.\n              ISO 14044: environmental management \u2014 life cycle assessment \u2014 requirements and guidelines.\n            \n          \n        \n        Other qualifications\n        \n          A minimum of 5 years of professional experience in GHG verification, carbon footprint assessments, or sustainability consulting.\n          Bachelor\u2019s or Master\u2019s degree in environmental science, engineering, sustainability, or a related field.\n          Proven experience in working with international standards and frameworks.\n          Excellent analytical and problem-solving skills.\n          Strong communication and report-writing abilities.\n          Fluency in English is mandatory; additional language skills are an asset.\n        \n        Application process\n          How to apply\n          \n            Qualified candidates are invited to submit their CV and a cover letter detailing their relevant experience and achievements to jobs@deiso.co.jo. Please make sure the subject line reads: \u201cApplication for Lead GHG Verifier Position.\u201d\n          \n          Please note\n          Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted.\n        Join us in driving sustainability and helping organizations achieve their environmental goals.\" data-s=\"Open Positions: Lead GHG Verifiers\" data-d=\"1737300603\" data-m=\"1786539774\" data-cat=\"58,5\" data-year=\"2025\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/open-positions-lead-ghg-verifiers\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_0342-1-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_0342-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_0342-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_0342-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_0342-1-560x560.jpg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_0342-1-900x900.jpg 900w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_0342-1.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">20 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2025<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/open-positions-lead-ghg-verifiers\">Open Positions: Lead GHG Verifiers<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Careers DEISO LLC is seeking highly qualified and experienced Lead GHG Verifiers to join our expert team. This is an excellent opportunity to work with a leading organization\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/open-positions-lead-ghg-verifiers\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Open Positions: Lead GHG Verifiers\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"LCA Software Showdown: A Deep Dive into LCA for Experts (GaBi), SimaPro, and OpenLCA Blog Posts Blog posts\n        LCA software compared: LCA for Experts (GaBi), SimaPro, and openLCA\n        \n          Life Cycle Assessment has become an essential tool for evaluating the environmental footprint of products and processes, and the choice of software shapes the accuracy, efficiency, and depth of the analysis. This article examines the three platforms most widely used in professional practice: LCA for Experts (formerly GaBi), SimaPro, and openLCA.\n        \n          Basis of this comparison\n          \n            DEISO delivers training on all three platforms and uses them in client work. The assessments below reflect our practical experience with each tool rather than vendor material, and they are offered as professional judgement \u2014 software capabilities change with each release, so verify current features against the vendor before a purchase decision.\n          \n        LCA for Experts (GaBi)\n        \n          LCA for Experts is widely used as a professional standard in industrial LCA, and it is also the most demanding of the three to learn. Its strengths lie in depth of modelling and breadth of inventory data, which is why it is common among consultants, large corporations, and research groups. Its interface complexity and learning curve are the trade-off, and they are real for newcomers.\n        \n        Key features\n        \n          Impact assessment methods \u2014 a wide selection including CML and ReCiPe, allowing potential environmental impacts of different products and processes to be quantified and compared.\n          Advanced modelling. Complex product systems can be modelled with detailed interaction between life cycle stages, which is where the platform is strongest.\n          Parameterisation and customisation. Models can be driven by named parameters and adapted to specific research questions rather than rebuilt for each variant.\n          Data quality documentation. Datasets carry documentation supporting traceability of input data.\n          Visual plan interface. The model is presented as a flow diagram, so structure and connections are visible on screen. In our experience this is a genuine advantage for teaching and for reviewing complex systems.\n          Analysis and reporting. Sensitivity analysis, scenario analysis, and parameter variation are supported, with the i-Report feature for compiling results. This makes it well suited to comparing scenarios, prototypes, and technology development options. The reporting output is functional rather than polished, and export to Excel is a manual step \u2014 a point of friction relative to SimaPro.\n          Database coverage. A comprehensive professional database is included, with a large number of additional databases available separately, including ecoinvent. Coverage extends across most industrial sectors.\n        \n        Best suited to\n        \n          Enterprises and large projects with complex supply chains and process systems.\n          Experienced practitioners who need advanced modelling and parameterisation.\n          Consultancies and corporations conducting detailed studies intended for external review.\n          Researchers and academics requiring modelling flexibility.\n        \n        SimaPro\n        \n          SimaPro balances accessibility against capability. Its interface is more approachable than LCA for Experts, and its database coverage supports a wide range of users from SMEs to large organisations. It offers less modelling customisation than LCA for Experts, but provides a solid basis for comprehensive studies and is very widely taught.\n        \n        Key features\n        \n          Accessible interface. Faster to become productive in, which matters where several people need to use the tool.\n          Extensive database access, with strong ecoinvent integration.\n          Integration with other tools. Export to Excel and Word is well developed, which speeds up reporting and data exchange.\n          Uncertainty and comparison workflows. Monte Carlo analysis and comparative assessment are well established in the tool.\n          Data quality documentation supporting traceability of inputs.\n        \n        Best suited to\n        \n          Small and medium-sized enterprises needing a capable tool without a long onboarding period.\n          Organisations wanting a balance of accessibility and analytical depth.\n          Students and educators, where it is widely used as a teaching platform.\n        \n        openLCA\n        \n          openLCA is open-source, which removes the software licence barrier entirely and makes it a practical choice for organisations building internal capability. Its active community and open architecture allow adaptation to specific needs. Setup and customisation can require more technical involvement, but the platform serves both newcomers and experienced practitioners.\n        \n        Key features\n        \n          Open-source. No software licence fee, and the calculation logic is inspectable rather than a black box.\n          Adaptable platform. Can be extended and integrated into other workflows.\n          Community support from an active user and developer base.\n          Broad method and database compatibility, including ecoinvent and a range of freely available datasets.\n        \n        Best suited to\n        \n          Researchers and developers who want to adapt or extend the tool.\n          Organisations with constrained budgets seeking a capable solution without licence cost.\n          Individuals and small teams learning LCA or running occasional studies.\n          Students and training environments, where every participant can install it.\n        \n          A cost point worth stating\n          \n            Open-source refers to the software, not the data. Commercial inventory databases such as ecoinvent are licensed separately whichever platform is used, and for many organisations the database is the larger cost. openLCA removes one line item, not both.\n          \n        Side by side\n        The three platforms compared\n          \n            \n              \n                Aspect\n                LCA for Experts (GaBi)\n                SimaPro\n                openLCA\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Licensing\n                Commercial\n                Commercial\n                Open-source, no licence fee\n              \n              \n                Learning curve\n                Steepest of the three\n                Moderate\n                Moderate; more setup involvement\n              \n              \n                Modelling approach\n                Visual plan diagram\n                Structured process tree\n                Graph and structured views\n              \n              \n                Database access\n                Extensive included database plus many separate options including ecoinvent\n                Strong ecoinvent integration and additional libraries\n                Wide compatibility, including free datasets; commercial data licensed separately\n              \n              \n                Reporting and export\n                i-Report; Excel export is manual\n                Well-developed Excel and Word integration\n                Standard exports; extensible via the open architecture\n              \n              \n                Typical user\n                Enterprises, consultancies, technology development\n                SMEs, consultancies, education\n                Research, budget-constrained organisations, internal capability building\n              \n            \n          \n        Choosing the right software\n        \n          The right choice depends on the work rather than on any single ranking. Weigh these factors against the studies you actually intend to produce.\n        \n        \n          Database coverage. Confirm the available inventory data covers your materials, processes, and geographies. This matters more than any interface consideration.\n          Impact assessment methods. Check the platform supports the methods your customers, standards, or programme operators require.\n          Interface and workflow. A tool your team can actually operate produces more studies than a more capable one they avoid.\n          Modelling flexibility. Consider how much parameterisation and customisation your studies genuinely need.\n          Total cost. Software licence, database licence, training, and the internal time to build and maintain models \u2014 the last is consistently underestimated.\n          Support. Vendor support, community support, or a training partner \u2014 whichever route, it needs to exist before the first difficult study.\n        \n        Additional considerations\n        \n          Data quality. Prioritise documented, traceable datasets over volume of datasets.\n          Transparency. Data sources and calculation methods must be disclosable for results to withstand review.\n          Sensitivity analysis. Use it to test which assumptions actually decide the result.\n          Inventory databases. A comprehensive and appropriate LCI database is what makes results credible; the software executes the calculation.\n        \n          \n            Results from different platforms will not necessarily match, and that is not a defect. Differences arise from database version, allocation choices, impact method version, and boundary interpretation. Results are only comparable when those four are the same \u2014 which is why ISO 14044 requires them to be declared.\n          \n        Learn and master LCA software with DEISO\n        \n          DEISO offers training programs for all three major Life Cycle Assessment platforms \u2014 LCA for Experts (GaBi), SimaPro, and openLCA \u2014 with plans tailored to different levels of experience and different objectives.\n        \n        \n          You can compare the available plans and choose the one that fits, whether you are starting with LCA software for the first time or deepening existing practice. We also build customised training plans around specific client requirements. Get in touch to discuss which program fits your team.\n        \n        LCA software training programs\n        \n          LCA for Experts (GaBi)\n          SimaPro\n          openLCA\n        \n\n\n\n\nLCA project execution\nEnd-to-end Life Cycle Assessment delivery for products, systems, and value chains. Scientific rigor, structured workflows, and defensible, verification-ready deliverables.\nExplore service \u2192\n\n\n\n\nLCA critical review \u2014 ISO 14040 \/ 14044\nIndependent technical assessment of completed LCA studies. Methodological consistency, transparency of assumptions, and conformance with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.\nExplore service \u2192\n\n\n\n\nDEISO agri and industrial LCI database\nCurated life cycle inventory data and emission factors supporting modeling efficiency, data coverage, and analytical consistency across agricultural and industrial applications.\nExplore database \u2192\n\n\n\n\nLCA capacity building \u2014 ISO-aligned program\nExecution-based capacity building for individuals and teams building practical, standards-aligned competence in LCA methodology, study design, interpretation, and reporting.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nSenior LCA strategic advisory\nSenior-level advisory support for LCA scope decisions, methodological architecture, study planning, and technical reinforcement for ISO-aligned LCA and EPD-related work.\nExplore advisory \u2192\n\n\n\n\nGaBi (LCA for Experts) capacity building\nStructured GaBi capacity building for professionals who need deeper control over advanced modeling logic, database use, scenario structuring, and high-quality study development.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nopenLCA capacity building for professionals\nPractical openLCA capacity building for professionals seeking robust modeling skills, workflow confidence, and applied capability in one of the most widely used open-source LCA platforms.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nSimaPro capacity building programs\nSimaPro capacity building for corporate and professional use \u2014 practical implementation, methodological quality, and stronger decision-making through advanced LCA modeling.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nSimaPro advanced coaching\nCoaching for experienced SimaPro users who need targeted support on advanced model refinement, troubleshooting, interpretation, or project-specific technical problem-solving.\nExplore coaching \u2192\n\n\n\n\nGaBi coaching for professionals\nCoaching for GaBi users who need focused technical guidance, model optimization support, workflow acceleration, or deeper application of advanced LCA project practices.\nExplore coaching \u2192\n\n\n\n\nopenLCA professional coaching\nOne-to-one or team-based coaching for experienced openLCA users who need deeper technical direction, efficient troubleshooting, and project-oriented expert support.\nExplore coaching \u2192\n\n\n\n\nRequest a quotation\nSend DEISO a short brief of your LCA, review, advisory, database, capacity building, or coaching need and receive a tailored quotation aligned with your scope and objectives.\nRequest quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"LCA Software Showdown: A Deep Dive into LCA for Experts (GaBi), SimaPro, and OpenLCA\" data-d=\"1731429058\" data-m=\"1786556229\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/lca-software-showdown-a-deep-dive-into-lca-for-experts-gabi-simapro-and-openlca\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"755\" height=\"1344\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/fa25acc8-064f-4090-ba40-79ec660767b6.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/fa25acc8-064f-4090-ba40-79ec660767b6.webp 755w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/fa25acc8-064f-4090-ba40-79ec660767b6-169x300.webp 169w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/fa25acc8-064f-4090-ba40-79ec660767b6-575x1024.webp 575w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">13 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 8 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/lca-software-showdown-a-deep-dive-into-lca-for-experts-gabi-simapro-and-openlca\">LCA Software Showdown: A Deep Dive into LCA for Experts (GaBi), SimaPro, and OpenLCA<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts LCA software compared: LCA for Experts (GaBi), SimaPro, and openLCA Life Cycle Assessment has become an essential tool for evaluating the environmental footprint of products and\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/lca-software-showdown-a-deep-dive-into-lca-for-experts-gabi-simapro-and-openlca\" aria-label=\"Read the article: LCA Software Showdown: A Deep Dive into LCA for Experts (GaBi), SimaPro, and OpenLCA\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Elevate Your Environmental Expertise: Why Professional Training is Essential Blog Posts Training Training\n        Why you need professional training\n        \n          In today\u2019s rapidly evolving world, staying ahead in the field of environmental science, engineering, and sustainability requires continuous learning and skill development. While self-learning can be effective, professional training offers a multitude of benefits that can significantly accelerate your career growth and project success.\n        \n        Key reasons to consider professional training\n        \n          \n            1\n            Accelerated learningProfessional training programs are built to provide focused, efficient learning experiences. By condensing complex topics into structured modules, you can acquire new skills and knowledge in a fraction of the time it would take through self-study.\n          \n          \n            2\n            Stronger productivityWell-trained professionals are more productive and efficient. By mastering essential tools and techniques, you can streamline your workflow, reduce errors, and achieve better results.\n          \n          \n            3\n            Expert guidanceProfessional trainers bring years of experience and industry insights to the table. They can provide valuable guidance, answer your questions, and help you overcome challenges.\n          \n          \n            4\n            Error preventionAvoid costly mistakes in critical areas like Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) by learning from experienced trainers. They can teach you best practices and help you navigate the complexities of software tools like GaBi, SimaPro, and openLCA.\n          \n          \n            5\n            Rapid skill acquisitionProfessional training can help you acquire new skills in a matter of weeks, rather than years of self-learning. This can be especially beneficial for professionals who need to quickly adapt to changing industry trends and regulations.\n          \n          \n            6\n            Personalized learningOne-on-one or small group training sessions provide a highly personalized learning experience. You can ask questions, discuss specific challenges, and receive tailored feedback from your trainer.\n          \n          \n            7\n            Industry-recognized certificationsMany training providers, like DEISO, offer accredited programs that lead to industry-recognized certifications. These certifications can strengthen your professional credibility and open doors to new opportunities.\n          \n          \n            8\n            Global networkDEISO is a trusted training partner with a global network of clients, including major corporations like Saudi Aramco. By participating in their training programs, you can connect with like-minded professionals from around the world.\n          \n          \n            9\n            Real-time supportProfessional training lets you interact with your trainer directly, so your questions are answered promptly and effectively.\n          \n          \n            10\n            Long-term investmentWhile the initial cost of training may seem significant, it\u2019s a wise investment that can pay off in the long run. By improving your skills and knowledge, you can increase your earning potential and contribute more effectively to your organization.\n          \n        \n        Find your ideal training program with DEISO\n          \n            Ready to take your career to the next level? Use the DEISO training finder to discover a wide range of training programs tailored to your specific needs. From remote and on-site courses to online learning modules, DEISO offers flexible options to fit your busy schedule. Start your training journey today and unlock your full potential!\" data-s=\"Elevate Your Environmental Expertise: Why Professional Training is Essential\" data-d=\"1731287558\" data-m=\"1786538283\" data-cat=\"429,24\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/elevate-your-environmental-expertise-why-professional-training-is-essential\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"431\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0a0a5b57-d49f-4b19-9bd9-4e5870f28e17-768x431.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0a0a5b57-d49f-4b19-9bd9-4e5870f28e17-768x431.webp 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0a0a5b57-d49f-4b19-9bd9-4e5870f28e17-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0a0a5b57-d49f-4b19-9bd9-4e5870f28e17-1024x575.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0a0a5b57-d49f-4b19-9bd9-4e5870f28e17.webp 1344w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">11 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/elevate-your-environmental-expertise-why-professional-training-is-essential\">Elevate Your Environmental Expertise: Why Professional Training is Essential<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Training Why you need professional training In today\u2019s rapidly evolving world, staying ahead in the field of environmental science, engineering, and sustainability requires continuous learning and skill development.\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/elevate-your-environmental-expertise-why-professional-training-is-essential\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Elevate Your Environmental Expertise: Why Professional Training is Essential\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in GHG Verification: Lead GHG Verifier Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo News Training News\n        Enterprise capacity building in GHG verification: lead GHG verifier training program and courses run for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo\n        \n          From 21 to 25 October 2024, DEISO supported Saudi Aramco through a structured enterprise capacity building engagement, run as a comprehensive training program and professional courses titled the \u201cLead GHG Verifier Professional Training Program\u201d, conducted onsite at DEISO\u2019s Tokyo location.\n        \n        \n          The program was built to strengthen internal capability in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions calculation, verification, and reporting, letting participants operate, assess, and validate carbon data within real-world industrial and regulatory contexts.\n        \n          Engagement at a glance\n          \n            Client: Saudi Aramco\n            Onsite at DEISO\u2019s Tokyo location\n            21\u201325 October 2024 \u2014 five intensive business days\n            Three integrated technical modules\n          \n        Program structure\n        The training program and courses were run over five intensive business days and structured across three integrated technical modules:\n        \n          \n            GHG emissions calculation (Scopes 1\u20133) \u2014 participants developed advanced capability in GHG accounting, learning how to calculate emissions across direct, energy-related, and value-chain sources. The module emphasized building internal systems for consistent and technically sound emissions quantification across complex industrial operations.\n          \n          \n            GHG verification \u2014 this module focused on strengthening internal verification capability, letting participants assess data quality, keep methodological consistency, and align with international standards for review and validation processes.\n          \n          \n            GHG reporting \u2014 participants were trained in preparing structured, standards-aligned reports in accordance with ISO 14064 (Parts 1\u20133). The module included application of tools such as the GHG Scope 3 Calculator to support reporting across indirect emissions sources.\n          \n        \n        Real-world implementation and case studies\n        \n          To keep the work aligned with real operational environments, the training program and courses incorporated case studies from multiple industries, letting participants apply technical knowledge to practical scenarios:\n        \n        \n          Oil and gas industry \u2014 GHG emissions modeling and analysis for upstream and downstream activities\n          Chemical industry \u2014 emissions assessment in methanol production systems\n          Electronics industry \u2014 Scope 3 and life cycle emissions challenges in smartphone manufacturing\n        \n        \n          Participants applied Scope 1\u20133 calculations using Excel-based modeling, gaining hands-on experience in data structuring, analysis, and interpretation within implementation-focused contexts.\n        \n        Capacity building for GHG verification and sustainability execution\n        \n          This training program and its courses were structured not only to produce technical knowledge, but to strengthen internal implementation capability within Saudi Aramco\u2019s sustainability and carbon management systems.\n        \n        By the end of the engagement, participants had developed the capability to:\n        \n          Perform advanced GHG calculations and verification processes\n          Interpret and validate carbon data within operational systems\n          Prepare structured, review-ready emissions reports\n          Support internal regulatory alignment with international environmental standards\n        \n        \n          Through this approach, DEISO supports organizations in building the internal capability required for sustainability execution, review readiness, and long-term operational continuity, integrating training programs and courses within broader technical sustainability systems.\" data-s=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in GHG Verification: Lead GHG Verifier Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo\" data-d=\"1731274782\" data-m=\"1786374454\" data-cat=\"7,24\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-conducts-lead-ghg-verifier-professional-training-program-for-saudi-aramco-in-tokyo\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"578\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/aramco-img-768x579.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/aramco-img-768x579.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/aramco-img-300x226.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/aramco-img-1024x773.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/aramco-img-560x420.jpeg 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/aramco-img.jpeg 1336w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">11 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-conducts-lead-ghg-verifier-professional-training-program-for-saudi-aramco-in-tokyo\">Enterprise Capacity Building in GHG Verification: Lead GHG Verifier Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Enterprise capacity building in GHG verification: lead GHG verifier training program and courses run for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo From 21 to 25 October 2024, DEISO supported\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-conducts-lead-ghg-verifier-professional-training-program-for-saudi-aramco-in-tokyo\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Enterprise Capacity Building in GHG Verification: Lead GHG Verifier Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Why DEISO Offers IT Services and Solutions Technology DEISO is committed to driving environmental sustainability. Our core focus remains on providing innovative solutions to address pressing environmental challenges. However, we&#039;ve expanded our offerings to include IT services and solutions, which aligns with our mission to support businesses and individuals in their sustainability journey.Why DEISO Offers IT Services and SolutionsHere are six compelling reasons why DEISO has ventured into the IT services and solutions domain:Empowering Sustainability Entrepreneurs:We aim to empower small businesses, startups, and individual consultants to launch and grow their sustainability ventures.By handling the IT burden, we enable these entrepreneurs to focus on their core competencies and accelerate their impact.A Holistic Approach to Sustainability:We believe that sustainability is a holistic endeavor that encompasses all aspects of a business.By offering a comprehensive range of IT services and solutions, we can help businesses achieve their sustainability objectives.Tailored IT Solutions for Sustainability:Our team of sustainability experts and IT engineers collaborate to deliver specialized IT services and solutions that cater to the unique needs of sustainability-focused businesses.We understand the intricacies of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) initiatives and can provide tailored solutions to support these efforts.Sustainable IT Infrastructure:We offer web hosting solutions and cloud services prioritizing energy efficiency and utilizing renewable energy sources.By choosing DEISO, you contribute to a more sustainable digital footprint.AI-Powered Sustainability Solutions:We leverage the power of AI to develop innovative IT solutions that address sustainability challenges.From predictive analytics to automated reporting, our AI-powered tools can help businesses optimize their operations and reduce their environmental impact.Data-Driven Sustainability:We provide data-driven insights to help businesses make informed decisions and track their progress toward sustainability goals.We can identify trends, opportunities, and potential risks by analyzing vast amounts of data.By combining our expertise in sustainability and IT, DEISO is uniquely positioned to help businesses and individuals create a more sustainable future. Join us in our mission to drive positive change.Discover DEISO SolutionsDiscover our It Services and SolutionsDiscover our Digital ProductsContact today to discuss your needs  \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\tIT Solutions\" data-s=\"Why DEISO Offers IT Services and Solutions\" data-d=\"1730808304\" data-m=\"1730808937\" data-cat=\"891\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-deiso-offers-it-services-and-solutions\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"577\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2f231813-4978-4801-9342-0996bca505e2-768x577.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2f231813-4978-4801-9342-0996bca505e2-768x577.webp 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2f231813-4978-4801-9342-0996bca505e2-300x226.webp 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2f231813-4978-4801-9342-0996bca505e2-1024x770.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2f231813-4978-4801-9342-0996bca505e2-560x420.webp 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2f231813-4978-4801-9342-0996bca505e2-900x675.webp 900w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2f231813-4978-4801-9342-0996bca505e2.webp 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Technology<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Technology<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">5 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-deiso-offers-it-services-and-solutions\">Why DEISO Offers IT Services and Solutions<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">DEISO is committed to driving environmental sustainability. Our core focus remains on providing innovative solutions to address pressing environmental challenges. However, we&#039;ve expanded our offerings to include IT\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/why-deiso-offers-it-services-and-solutions\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Why DEISO Offers IT Services and Solutions\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Expands its Reach: Empowering Academia with DEISO Solutions Announcements News News\n        DEISO expands its reach: equipping academia with DEISO solutions\n          \n            Today, we\u2019re thrilled to announce DEISO\u2019s latest venture into the academic world. Our innovative solutions are built to streamline research, strengthen learning, and drive groundbreaking discoveries. From comprehensive literature reviews to cutting-edge AI-supported tools, we\u2019re committed to equipping researchers and institutions to achieve their full potential. Join us as we embark on this exciting journey to shape the future of academia.\n          \n        DEISO elevates academic research and innovation\n        \n          DEISO, a leading provider of cutting-edge solutions, is proud to announce the launch of its comprehensive suite of services tailored specifically for the academic community. Our commitment to fostering innovation and equipping researchers has led us to develop a range of solutions that address the unique needs of academia.\n        \n        Key solutions for academia\n        \n          \n            1\n              Literature reviews\n              \n                Standard service: comprehensive literature reviews to provide a solid foundation for research projects.\n                Plus data extraction: in-depth literature reviews coupled with meticulous data extraction to save time and effort.\n              \n          \n          \n            2\n              Training programs\n              \n                Off-site training: immersive, hands-on training sessions at our state-of-the-art facilities.\n                On-site training: customized training programs run at your institution\u2019s convenience.\n                Remote training: flexible, online training sessions accessible from anywhere.\n                Online training: self-paced, interactive online courses for continuous learning.\n              \n          \n          \n            3\n              R&amp;D solutions for environmental sustainability\n              \n                Expert support: our team of experienced researchers can assist with grant applications, proposal writing, and project management.\n                Environmental perspective: we offer a unique focus on environmental sustainability, helping researchers explore innovative solutions to pressing global challenges.\n              \n          \n          \n            4\n              AI-supported solutions\n              \n                AI assistants: ask and chat with your research sources, academic papers, projects, and data with an AI-supported assistant.\n                More AI-supported solutions are coming.\n              \n          \n        \n        \n          By offering these comprehensive solutions, DEISO aims to revolutionize the way academic research is conducted. Our commitment to excellence, innovation, and customer satisfaction sets us apart as a trusted partner for institutions worldwide.\n        \n        \n          To learn more about how DEISO can elevate your academic endeavors, please contact us today.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Built for universities, institutes, and research teams\n      \n        Literature reviews, training in four formats, R&amp;D support for environmental sustainability, and AI-supported research assistants \u2014 in one place.\n      \n      Explore solutions for academia \u2192\" data-s=\"DEISO Expands its Reach: Empowering Academia with DEISO Solutions\" data-d=\"1729848515\" data-m=\"1786543533\" data-cat=\"58,7\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-expands-its-reach-empowering-academia-with-deiso-solutions\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"577\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/b9cee238-2bb1-4c99-b9c8-f3dfe14736be-768x577.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/b9cee238-2bb1-4c99-b9c8-f3dfe14736be-768x577.webp 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/b9cee238-2bb1-4c99-b9c8-f3dfe14736be-300x226.webp 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/b9cee238-2bb1-4c99-b9c8-f3dfe14736be-1024x770.webp 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/b9cee238-2bb1-4c99-b9c8-f3dfe14736be-560x420.webp 560w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/b9cee238-2bb1-4c99-b9c8-f3dfe14736be-900x675.webp 900w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/b9cee238-2bb1-4c99-b9c8-f3dfe14736be.webp 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">25 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-expands-its-reach-empowering-academia-with-deiso-solutions\">DEISO Expands its Reach: Empowering Academia with DEISO Solutions<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News DEISO expands its reach: equipping academia with DEISO solutions Today, we\u2019re thrilled to announce DEISO\u2019s latest venture into the academic world. Our innovative solutions are built to\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-expands-its-reach-empowering-academia-with-deiso-solutions\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Expands its Reach: Empowering Academia with DEISO Solutions\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Introducing DEISO AI Products: Where Sustainability Meets Technology Announcements News Technology News\n        Overview\n        \n          DEISO AI is a comprehensive suite of cutting-edge AI solutions built to address various challenges by synergizing knowledge, technology, and sustainability. This innovative platform encompasses several AI-supported services and platforms, including DEISO Spark, DEISO Mirai, DEISO Kiku, DEISO Hikari, and DEISO LCA Studio.\n        \n        Key features and benefits of DEISO AI\n        \n          Stronger productivity: DEISO AI\u2019s intelligent tools streamline workflows, automate tasks, and provide valuable insights, equipping users to achieve greater efficiency and productivity.\n          Personalized learning and education: DEISO AI offers tailored learning experiences, adapting to individual needs and preferences to facilitate effective knowledge acquisition and skill development.\n          Comprehensive training and support: DEISO AI provides extensive training programs and ongoing support so users can fully use the platform\u2019s capabilities and maximize their benefits.\n          Intelligent assistance and guidance: DEISO AI\u2019s personal assistants and chatbots offer intelligent guidance, answering questions, providing recommendations, and assisting users throughout their projects.\n          Sustainability focus: DEISO AI drives progress and fosters sustainability through innovative solutions.\n        \n        DEISO Spark: revolutionizing data interaction\n        \n          DEISO Spark is a cutting-edge AI platform built to equip users to engage in natural language conversations with their data and project results through the DEISO Copilot.\n        \n        Key features of DEISO Spark\n        \n          Data understanding and visualization: intuitive data comprehension and visualization for valuable insights.\n          KPI dashboard: comprehensive dashboard for key results and performance indicators.\n          Data integration: connect diverse data sources, including financial and social media data.\n          DEISO Copilot: interact with your data through a natural language interface.\n          Subscription-based model: flexible access to advanced capabilities.\n        \n        DEISO AI services: equipping users\n        \n          DEISO AI offers a collection of AI-supported services and platforms, such as Mirai and Kiku, built to assist DEISO\u2019s website visitors, users, and clients with various needs.\n        \n        \n          Mirai: provides tailored recommendations and resources to address specific sustainability challenges with DEISO services of 150+ countries and 7+ industries.\n          Kiku: supports remote, offsite, and onsite training with interactive features and question-answering capabilities.\n          Hikari: a personalized chatbot for trainees training offsite in Japan, offering guidance, information, and recommendations for food, restaurants, transportation, and tourism.\n          DEISO LCA Studio: an AI-supported platform for learning and using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).\n        \n        Roadmap\n        \n          DEISO is committed to fully making its AI-supported services and platforms available by the end of 2025. Several of these services are already in development or beta stages, while others are live as final versions, demonstrating our dedication to continuous innovation.\n        \n        Conclusion\n        \n          DEISO AI is a comprehensive suite of AI solutions that equips users to achieve their goals while driving progress and fostering sustainability. By using the power of AI, DEISO AI offers innovative solutions that strengthen productivity, personalize learning, and provide intelligent assistance.\n        \n          Visit DEISO platforms \u2192\" data-s=\"Introducing DEISO AI Products: Where Sustainability Meets Technology\" data-d=\"1729268794\" data-m=\"1786542858\" data-cat=\"58,7,891\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deiso-ai-where-sustainability-meets-technology\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/DEISO_AI_Banner-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/DEISO_AI_Banner-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/DEISO_AI_Banner-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/DEISO_AI_Banner-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/DEISO_AI_Banner.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">19 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deiso-ai-where-sustainability-meets-technology\">Introducing DEISO AI Products: Where Sustainability Meets Technology<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Overview DEISO AI is a comprehensive suite of cutting-edge AI solutions built to address various challenges by synergizing knowledge, technology, and sustainability. This innovative platform encompasses several\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deiso-ai-where-sustainability-meets-technology\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Introducing DEISO AI Products: Where Sustainability Meets Technology\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Introducing DEISO\u2019s Advanced Life Cycle Costing Training Program Announcements Training News\n        \n          DEISO is excited to announce the launch of our new Life Cycle Costing (LLC) Advanced Training Program. This comprehensive program equips professionals with the essential knowledge and skills to effectively apply LCC principles in business, industry, and environmental decision-making.\n        \n        \n          By participating in this program, you will gain a deep understanding of LCC methodologies, tools, and applications, letting you:\n        \n        \n          Optimize costs and improve profitability\n          Strengthen sustainability and reduce environmental impact\n          Make informed decisions based on data-driven analysis\n          Gain a competitive advantage in your industry\n        \n        \n          Our expert instructors will guide you through real-world case studies and provide practical insights that you can apply to your own organization.\n        \n          \n            Don\u2019t miss this opportunity to elevate your LCC expertise and drive positive change. Register for our Life Cycle Costing Advanced Training Program today!\n          \n  \n      Next step\n      Build applied life cycle costing capability in your team\n      \n        The Advanced Training Program covers LCC methodologies, tools, and applications through real-world case studies \u2014 cost optimization, sustainability impact, and data-driven decisions you can apply directly inside your organization.\n      \n      Explore the LCC training \u2192\" data-s=\"Introducing DEISO\u2019s Advanced Life Cycle Costing Training Program\" data-d=\"1729167495\" data-m=\"1786538190\" data-cat=\"58,24\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deisos-advanced-life-cycle-costing-training-program\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/LLC_Training2-768x461.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/LLC_Training2-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/LLC_Training2-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/LLC_Training2-1024x614.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/LLC_Training2.jpg 1420w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">17 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deisos-advanced-life-cycle-costing-training-program\">Introducing DEISO\u2019s Advanced Life Cycle Costing Training Program<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News DEISO is excited to announce the launch of our new Life Cycle Costing (LLC) Advanced Training Program. This comprehensive program equips professionals with the essential knowledge and\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deisos-advanced-life-cycle-costing-training-program\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Introducing DEISO\u2019s Advanced Life Cycle Costing Training Program\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Introducing the Energy Transition Strategies Advanced Training Program News News\n        Introducing the Energy Transition Strategies Advanced Training Program\n        \n          DEISO is excited to introduce the \u201cEnergy Transition Strategies Advanced Training Program\u201d, a comprehensive program built to equip professionals with the knowledge and skills needed to drive sustainable energy solutions.\n        \n        \n          Staying ahead of the curve is essential in today\u2019s rapidly evolving energy landscape. DEISO\u2019s Advanced Energy Transition Training Program lets professionals gain in-depth knowledge and skills to drive sustainable energy solutions.\n        \n        Key benefits\n        \n          Comprehensive curriculum: explore renewable energy technologies, energy efficiency strategies, policy frameworks, economic implications, and technological advancements.\n          Expert instruction: learn from industry leaders and gain valuable insights from real-world case studies.\n          Career advancement: strengthen your professional profile and open doors to new opportunities in the energy sector.\n        \n        Why choose DEISO?\n        \n          Proven track record: DEISO is a leading provider of energy transition training with a commitment to excellence.\n          Customized learning: our programs are tailored to meet the specific needs of individuals and organizations.\n          Networking opportunities: connect with industry professionals and build valuable relationships.\n        \n        Ready to take the next step?\n        \n          Take advantage of this opportunity to elevate your energy transition expertise. Enroll in DEISO\u2019s Advanced Training Program today and become a driving force in shaping a sustainable energy future.\n        \n          Tags\n          energy transition, training program, renewable energy, energy efficiency, climate change, sustainability, career development, professional development, DEISO\" data-s=\"Introducing the Energy Transition Strategies Advanced Training Program\" data-d=\"1728889087\" data-m=\"1786543438\" data-cat=\"7\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-energy-transition-strategies-advanced-training-program\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/DEISO_Energy_Training-768x461.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/DEISO_Energy_Training-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/DEISO_Energy_Training-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/DEISO_Energy_Training-1024x614.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/DEISO_Energy_Training.jpg 1420w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">14 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-energy-transition-strategies-advanced-training-program\">Introducing the Energy Transition Strategies Advanced Training Program<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Introducing the Energy Transition Strategies Advanced Training Program DEISO is excited to introduce the \u201cEnergy Transition Strategies Advanced Training Program\u201d, a comprehensive program built to equip professionals\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-energy-transition-strategies-advanced-training-program\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Introducing the Energy Transition Strategies Advanced Training Program\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Hello, I\u2019m Mirai! Your AI-Powered Assistant to DEISO Announcements News Technology News\n        Hello, I\u2019m Mirai! Your AI-supported assistant to DEISO, free to use at no cost\n          \n            \u201cHello, I\u2019m Mirai! I am Mirai (\u672a\u6765), an AI-supported assistant created by DEISO LLC. My name means \u2018future\u2019 in Japanese, reflecting the forward-thinking nature of my role. I assist users in navigating DEISO\u2019s website, services, and solutions to help them explore opportunities for strengthening environmental sustainability. I\u2019m here to guide DEISO\u2019s innovative offerings, assist you in making informed decisions that align with your sustainability goals, and provide service recommendations tailored to your business challenges. If you\u2019d like to know more or have specific questions, please ask!\u201d\n          \n        \n          DEISO is pleased to announce its next innovation, \u201cMirai AI.\u201d Mirai AI serves as an intelligent assistant for DEISO visitors and clients, providing comprehensive support in navigating the website, understanding DEISO services, and accessing information about training, digital products, and technical support. But there is more that Mirai can do for your business.\n        \n        \n          With its adaptability, Mirai AI is equipped to analyze and address diverse environmental challenges across over 150 countries and multiple industries such as oil and gas, petrochemicals, manufacturing, agriculture, and more. It offers personalized recommendations and solutions tailored to client needs in more than seven industries, supporting initiatives aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This personalization gives each client the sense of being valued and understood, strengthening their experience with DEISO.\n        \n        Mirai can handle even more complex questions and scenarios\n        \n          Try out this scenario with DEISO Mirai AI \u2014 updated based on the latest capabilities of Mirai v4.2, released April 18, 2026.\n        \n          Example scenario\n          \n            At this stage, my work is centered on the build and implementation of integrated sustainability systems, with a strong focus on Scope 1\u20133 GHG accounting, ESG reporting alignment (CSRD-ready), and supplier engagement frameworks for Scope 3 data collection and validation across multiple regions. In parallel, we are also exploring how to incorporate product-level and life cycle-based approaches, including LCA, EPD development, and Social LCA (S-LCA), into our broader sustainability strategy \u2014 particularly where these can support decision-making, product positioning, and regulatory alignment with evolving expectations. A key challenge we are facing is the integration of these technical methodologies into operational systems, especially: aligning GHG data workflows within ESG platforms; keeping data quality, traceability, and review readiness; managing supplier data gaps and proxy modelling approaches; and linking environmental and social performance into circular economy initiatives and product life cycle strategies. Additionally, we are assessing how capacity building in circular economy principles and life cycle thinking can be embedded internally \u2014 not as standalone training, but as part of a broader implementation model that strengthens internal capability while maintaining technical rigor and consistency. Given this context, I am particularly interested in understanding: how DEISO supports clients in integrating advanced technical methods (LCA, S-LCA, PCF, EPD) into applied consulting and real-world system implementation; how data validation, modelling, and pre-submission review approaches are used to strengthen outputs before disclosure or verification; and how sustainability analysis systems or AI-supported approaches are used to connect data, analysis, and decision-making in a continuous way. Rather than a high-level overview, I would prefer to focus on practical execution pathways and implementation models, and where there may be alignment with how we are structuring our sustainability and carbon management systems.\n          \n          Ask Mirai \u2192\" data-s=\"Hello, I\u2019m Mirai! Your AI-Powered Assistant to DEISO\" data-d=\"1728782308\" data-m=\"1786543080\" data-cat=\"58,7,891\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/hello-im-mirai-your-ai-powered-assistant-to-deiso\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Mirai_AI_Training_Banner_Post-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Mirai_AI_Training_Banner_Post-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Mirai_AI_Training_Banner_Post-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Mirai_AI_Training_Banner_Post-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Mirai_AI_Training_Banner_Post.jpg 1420w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">13 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/hello-im-mirai-your-ai-powered-assistant-to-deiso\">Hello, I\u2019m Mirai! Your AI-Powered Assistant to DEISO<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Hello, I\u2019m Mirai! Your AI-supported assistant to DEISO, free to use at no cost \u201cHello, I\u2019m Mirai! I am Mirai (\u672a\u6765), an AI-supported assistant created by DEISO\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/hello-im-mirai-your-ai-powered-assistant-to-deiso\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Hello, I\u2019m Mirai! Your AI-Powered Assistant to DEISO\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Introduces My DEISO: A New Cloud Platform for Enhanced Client Experience Technology Updates UpdateReleased 8 October 2026\n      My DEISO v4.0 is now available\n      A newer version of My DEISO has been released since this announcement.\n      My DEISO v4.0 brings new benefits for users and clients, from your profile and digital certificates to training, downloads and support. See everything that is new, or sign in to start using it today.\n        See the full new benefits\n        Sign in or create an account\n      The original announcement for the earlier version follows below and is kept for reference.\n  \n        \n        News\n        \n          DEISO, a provider of sustainability services and solutions, is thrilled to announce the launch of \u201cMy DEISO\u201d, a comprehensive cloud platform built to streamline client interactions and improve overall service execution.\n        \n        \n          DEISO has always been committed to providing exceptional experiences for its clients. My DEISO is a testament to this commitment, offering a unified platform that combines various DEISO services and tools into a convenient interface.\n        \n        Key features of My DEISO\n        \n          Unified login \u2014 access all DEISO platforms with a single login, simplifying the experience for corporate and individual clients.\n          Project management \u2014 collaborate with DEISO teams on projects through a streamlined platform, supporting efficient development and execution.\n          Training experience \u2014 access online training resources and enroll in DEISO training programs directly from My DEISO.\n          Financial management \u2014 conveniently handle invoicing, quotations, and online payments within the platform.\n          Project requests \u2014 submit new project requests directly through My DEISO.\n          Technical support \u2014 receive prompt assistance through a comprehensive support ticket system.\n          Communication \u2014 engage in real-time messaging and chatting with DEISO teams.\n          Secure file sharing \u2014 share files securely between DEISO clients and teams.\n          Task management \u2014 effectively manage tasks and projects within the platform.\n          Project tracking \u2014 monitor project timelines and progress in real time.\n          Company management \u2014 manage company information, suppliers, and partners.\n          CRM integration \u2014 benefit from an integrated CRM system for stronger client relationship management.\n        \n        Mobile accessibility\n        \n          My DEISO is a Progressive Web App that gives access on iOS and Android devices. This mobile-friendly approach lets clients stay connected and manage their daily DEISO interactions.\n        \n        \n          DEISO is dedicated to continuous improvement and will continually strengthen My DEISO to meet its clients\u2019 evolving needs. By using this innovative platform, DEISO aims to provide unparalleled service and support.\n        \n        Access your account\n          Web address\n          \n            You can reach your My DEISO account directly through the web address: my.dei.so. This will take you to the login page, where you can enter your credentials.\" data-s=\"DEISO Introduces My DEISO: A New Cloud Platform for Enhanced Client Experience\" data-d=\"1725705829\" data-m=\"1791700777\" data-cat=\"891,16\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-introduces-my-deiso-a-new-cloud-platform-for-enhanced-client-experience\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"307\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/myDEISO-768x307.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/myDEISO-768x307.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/myDEISO-300x120.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/myDEISO-1024x410.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/myDEISO.jpg 1420w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Technology<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Technology<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">7 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-introduces-my-deiso-a-new-cloud-platform-for-enhanced-client-experience\">DEISO Introduces My DEISO: A New Cloud Platform for Enhanced Client Experience<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">UpdateReleased 8 October 2026 My DEISO v4.0 is now available A newer version of My DEISO has been released since this announcement. My DEISO v4.0 brings new benefits\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-introduces-my-deiso-a-new-cloud-platform-for-enhanced-client-experience\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Introduces My DEISO: A New Cloud Platform for Enhanced Client Experience\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Unveils New Website with Enhanced Design and Functionality Updates News\n        \n          DEISO, a provider of sustainability services and solutions, is excited to announce the launch of its redesigned website. After months of dedicated development, DEISO has introduced a fresh design concept that reflects the company\u2019s brand identity and offers a more intuitive user experience.\n        \n        The redesign project focused on several key areas\n        \n          Accessibility \u2014 the new website incorporates accessibility features to accommodate individuals with disabilities.\n          Content presentation and structure \u2014 the website\u2019s content has been reorganized to improve clarity and navigation. Information is now presented in a more user-friendly manner.\n          Modern functions \u2014 DEISO has implemented modern website features and functionalities to strengthen user engagement and interaction.\n          Performance optimization \u2014 the website has been optimized for speed and performance, so visitors get a fast and efficient experience.\n          Cross compatibility \u2014 the website is fully compatible with various devices and browsers, including mobile phones and tablets, providing a consistent experience across all platforms.\n        \n        Cloud infrastructure upgrade\n        \n          In addition to the website redesign, DEISO upgraded its cloud infrastructure. This upgrade has significantly improved the performance and capabilities of its website and other platforms, letting the company provide a better overall customer experience.\n        \n        \n          DEISO is confident that the new website will be a valuable resource for its customers and partners.\" data-s=\"DEISO Unveils New Website with Enhanced Design and Functionality\" data-d=\"1725704113\" data-m=\"1786538924\" data-cat=\"16\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-unveils-new-website-with-enhanced-design-and-functionality\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/DEISO_redesign-768x415.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/DEISO_redesign-768x415.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/DEISO_redesign-300x162.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/DEISO_redesign-1024x554.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/DEISO_redesign.jpg 1420w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Updates<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Updates<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">7 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-unveils-new-website-with-enhanced-design-and-functionality\">DEISO Unveils New Website with Enhanced Design and Functionality<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News DEISO, a provider of sustainability services and solutions, is excited to announce the launch of its redesigned website. After months of dedicated development, DEISO has introduced a\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-unveils-new-website-with-enhanced-design-and-functionality\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Unveils New Website with Enhanced Design and Functionality\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Job: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Specialist (Job ID: DSJOB240907) Jobs Careers\n        \n          DEISO LLC is seeking a highly motivated and experienced Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Specialist to join our growing team. In this role, you will play a key role in supporting our sustainability initiatives by conducting LCA studies and promoting the integration of LCA principles throughout our projects.\n        \n        Responsibilities\n        \n          Conduct comprehensive Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) for products, services, and processes.\n          Develop Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data in accordance with relevant ISO standards.\n          Use GaBi software to model and analyze LCA data.\n          Run LCA training sessions remotely, onsite, and offsite to internal and external stakeholders.\n          Stay current with the latest developments in LCA methodology and best practices.\n          Develop and maintain LCA databases and life cycle inventory models.\n          Contribute to the development and implementation of LCA related company policies.\n          Use Python for data analysis and automation of LCA tasks.\n        \n        Qualifications\n        \n          Full proficiency in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology.\n          Minimum of 5 years of demonstrable experience in conducting LCA studies.\n          Full proficiency in key Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) databases.\n          Expert-level proficiency in LCA software (GaBi preferred).\n          Excellent communication and interpersonal skills.\n          Ability to run engaging and informative training sessions.\n          Strong analytical and problem-solving skills.\n          Excellent time management and organizational skills.\n          Ability to work independently and as part of a team.\n          Full proficiency in the English language.\n          Business-level proficiency in the Japanese language (oral and written).\n          Excellent programming abilities with Python.\n        \n        Additional skills (desirable)\n        \n          Experience with other LCA software programs.\n          Knowledge of Life Cycle Costing (LCC).\n          Experience in a relevant industry (manufacturing, engineering, etc.).\n        \n        To apply\n          Application\n          \n            Interested candidates should submit a cover letter and CV to jobs@deiso.co.jp. Please include the job ID in the subject of the email.\n          \n          Job IDDSJOB240907\n          Please note\n          Only shortlisted applicants will be contacted for an interview.\" data-s=\"Job: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Specialist (Job ID: DSJOB240907)\" data-d=\"1725646474\" data-m=\"1786539658\" data-cat=\"5\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-life-cycle-assessment-lca-specialist-job-id-dsjob240907\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/ds_careers-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/ds_careers-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/ds_careers-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/ds_careers-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/ds_careers-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/ds_careers-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/ds_careers.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Jobs<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Jobs<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">7 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-life-cycle-assessment-lca-specialist-job-id-dsjob240907\">Job: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Specialist (Job ID: DSJOB240907)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Careers DEISO LLC is seeking a highly motivated and experienced Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Specialist to join our growing team. In this role, you will play a key\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-life-cycle-assessment-lca-specialist-job-id-dsjob240907\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Job: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Specialist (Job ID: DSJOB240907)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): Certified Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo Featured News News Training News\n        Enterprise capacity building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): certified training program and courses run for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo\n        \n          DEISO LLC supported Saudi Aramco through a structured enterprise capacity building engagement, run as the Professional Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Training Program, conducted at its Tokyo office from 26 to 30 August 2024.\n        \n          Engagement at a glance\n          \n            Client: Saudi Aramco \u2014 five participating engineers\n            Onsite at DEISO\u2019s Tokyo office\n            26\u201330 August 2024 \u2014 five intensive days\n            Professional Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training program and courses\n          \n        \n          Five engineers from Saudi Aramco participated in this intensive five-day training program and professional courses, built to strengthen internal capability in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and let participants independently conduct and interpret LCA studies within real-world industrial and sustainability contexts.\n        \n        \n          The program focused not only on technical knowledge transfer, but also on building practical implementation capability, supporting participants in developing the skills required to structure LCA models, analyze environmental impacts, and apply life cycle thinking in decision-making processes.\n        \n        \n          Through this capacity-building approach, DEISO supports organizations in strengthening their internal sustainability systems, letting them achieve more effective implementation, reporting, and long-term operational integration of LCA methodologies.\n        \n          Learn more\n          Our LCA training programs and courses:\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/deiso-training\/deiso-life-cycle-assessment-lca-professional-training-programs\" data-s=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): Certified Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo\" data-d=\"1725264882\" data-m=\"1786374638\" data-cat=\"987,7,24\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-successfully-delivers-to-saudi-aramco-a-certified-life-cycle-assessment-lca-training-program-in-tokyo\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Aramco2-768x427.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Aramco2-768x427.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Aramco2-300x167.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Aramco2-18x10.jpeg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Aramco2.jpeg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Featured News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Featured News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">2 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-successfully-delivers-to-saudi-aramco-a-certified-life-cycle-assessment-lca-training-program-in-tokyo\">Enterprise Capacity Building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): Certified Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Enterprise capacity building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): certified training program and courses run for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo DEISO LLC supported Saudi Aramco through a structured\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-successfully-delivers-to-saudi-aramco-a-certified-life-cycle-assessment-lca-training-program-in-tokyo\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Enterprise Capacity Building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): Certified Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in Circular Economy: Professional Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo Featured News News Training News\n        Enterprise capacity building in circular economy: professional training program and courses run for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo\n        \n          DEISO supported Saudi Aramco through a targeted enterprise capacity building engagement, run as a professional circular economy training program and courses on 31 May 2024, held onsite at DEISO\u2019s Tokyo office.\n        \n          Engagement at a glance\n          \n            Client: Saudi Aramco\n            Onsite at DEISO\u2019s Tokyo office\n            31 May 2024\n            Professional circular economy training program and courses\n          \n        \n          The training program and courses focused on strengthening internal capability in circular economy principles and equipping participants with the knowledge and tools required to drive resource efficiency and system-level sustainability transformation within their organization.\n        \n        \n          Built for industry professionals, the program explored the transition from a traditional linear \u201ctake\u2013make\u2013dispose\u201d model toward a closed-loop system that prioritizes resource optimization, waste reduction, and long-term environmental performance.\n        \n        \n          Beyond conceptual understanding, the engagement emphasized practical implementation capability, letting participants interpret circular economy strategies and integrate them into operational and decision-making frameworks.\n        \n        \n          Through this capacity-building approach, DEISO supports organizations in developing the internal expertise required to implement sustainable practices effectively, strengthening both environmental performance and long-term business resilience.\n        \n        DEISO, Japan \u2014 3 June 2024\" data-s=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in Circular Economy: Professional Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo\" data-d=\"1717389309\" data-m=\"1786374584\" data-cat=\"987,7,24\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-delivers-on-site-professional-circular-economy-training-to-saudi-aramco\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/aramco-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/aramco-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/aramco-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/aramco-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/aramco-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/aramco-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/aramco-1390x782.jpg 1390w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/aramco.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Featured News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Featured News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">3 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-delivers-on-site-professional-circular-economy-training-to-saudi-aramco\">Enterprise Capacity Building in Circular Economy: Professional Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Enterprise capacity building in circular economy: professional training program and courses run for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo DEISO supported Saudi Aramco through a targeted enterprise capacity building\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-delivers-on-site-professional-circular-economy-training-to-saudi-aramco\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Enterprise Capacity Building in Circular Economy: Professional Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Navigating the Two Streams of Waste Management: Upstream and Downstream Perspectives Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Introduction\n        \n          The daily items we buy and discard represent only a fraction of the total waste generated within a product\u2019s life cycle. To fully assess the environmental consequences of our consumption patterns, we must look at upstream and downstream waste concepts.\n        \n          A terminology warning\n          \n            \u201cUpstream\u201d and \u201cdownstream\u201d carry two different meanings depending on the room you are in. In life cycle and value chain terms, upstream means before the point of manufacture and downstream means after the point of sale \u2014 the sense used throughout this article. In the oil and gas industry, upstream means exploration and production, midstream means transport and storage, and downstream means refining, petrochemicals, and distribution. Both usages appear in the sector sections below, and the distinction is stated wherever it matters.\n          \n        Upstream waste: the manufacturing footprint\n        \n          Upstream waste refers to all the waste generated during a product\u2019s production and manufacturing stages. This includes:\n        \n        \n          Resource extraction waste \u2014 the byproducts of mining, harvesting, or extracting raw materials, including overburden, tailings, and process residues.\n          Manufacturing waste \u2014 scrap materials, defective products, off-specification batches, chemical waste, spent catalysts, and excess packaging produced during the manufacturing process.\n          Transportation impacts \u2014 emissions from moving raw materials to factories and finished products onward, plus damaged and rejected goods in transit.\n        \n        \n          Upstream waste often occurs within an industrial supply chain, making it less visible to the average consumer. Yet it carries substantial environmental costs. Resource extraction can degrade ecosystems, manufacturing processes release pollutants, and transportation contributes to climate change.\n        \n        \n          The quantitative point is the one usually missed: for most manufactured products, the mass of waste generated upstream substantially exceeds the mass of the product itself. The material a consumer holds is the visible residue of a much larger flow.\n        \n        Downstream waste: the consumer\u2019s end\n        \n          Downstream waste encompasses everything that happens to a product after the consumer uses it. This includes:\n        \n        \n          Product disposal \u2014 materials that go to landfill or incineration at end of life.\n          Packaging waste \u2014 discarded containers, boxes, and plastic wrap.\n          Hazardous waste \u2014 items such as batteries, electronics, solvents, and cleaning products that require special handling and disposal routes.\n        \n        \n          Downstream waste is readily visible in overflowing bins and municipal waste sites. It highlights the challenges of living in a consumer society where products are often built for quick disposal rather than longevity.\n        \n        Why both streams warrant attention\n        \n          While upstream and downstream waste have distinct origins, they warrant equal seriousness. Upstream waste underscores the need for greater efficiency and sustainability within manufacturing processes. Downstream waste emphasises responsible consumption habits and waste management infrastructure.\n        \n        \n          There is also a governance reason. Under the GHG Protocol Scope 3 structure, upstream waste sits largely in categories 1 and 5 \u2014 purchased goods and services, and waste generated in operations \u2014 while downstream waste sits in category 12, end-of-life treatment of sold products. A company reporting only its own site waste has covered a small part of a much larger obligation.\n        \n        The waste hierarchy: where effort pays\n        \n          Treatment is the last resort, not the starting point. The hierarchy orders options by environmental preference and applies to both streams.\n        \n        \n          1Prevention \u2014 avoiding generation in the first place through design, process yield, and specification.\n          2Reuse \u2014 keeping materials and products in service for their original purpose.\n          3Recycling \u2014 reprocessing into new materials, including composting and anaerobic digestion for organics.\n          4Recovery \u2014 extracting energy or lower-grade value where material recycling is not viable.\n          5Disposal \u2014 engineered landfill as the final option.\n        \n          Where the leverage sits\n          \n            Decisions made at design stage determine the majority of a product\u2019s eventual waste in both streams \u2014 material selection, joining method, part count, and recyclability are all fixed long before the first unit is made. Downstream interventions manage a problem that upstream decisions created.\n          \n        How is waste treated?\n        \n          Treatment methods vary depending on the type of waste, and each carries its own trade-offs.\n        \n        Treatment routes compared\n          \n            \n              \n                Method\n                What it does\n                Trade-off\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Landfill\n                Contained disposal of residual waste, the most common route for both streams\n                Methane emissions from organic decomposition, leachate risk to groundwater, permanent loss of the material\n              \n              \n                Incineration and energy recovery\n                Thermal treatment of mixed waste, often with electricity or heat recovery\n                Air emissions requiring abatement, residual ash requiring disposal, and a risk of locking in waste volumes to feed the plant\n              \n              \n                Recycling\n                Converting waste materials into new products, conserving resources and reducing landfill\n                Depends on collection quality and separation; contamination and downcycling limit real recovery rates\n              \n              \n                Composting and anaerobic digestion\n                Biological treatment of organic waste into fertiliser, and in AD, biogas\n                Requires source separation; contaminated feedstock produces unusable output\n              \n              \n                Chemical and hazardous treatment\n                Specialised neutralisation, stabilisation, or high-temperature destruction of toxic materials\n                High cost and strict permitting; failures carry serious consequences\n              \n              \n                Reuse and remanufacture\n                Returning components or products to service, often through take-back schemes\n                Needs reverse logistics and design for disassembly; frequently the lowest-impact option where it works\n              \n            \n          \n        Practical examples across industries\n        Upstream and downstream waste by sector\n          \n            \n              \n                Sector\n                Upstream waste\n                Downstream waste\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Electronics\n                Mine tailings from metal extraction, wafer fabrication process chemicals and spent solvents, high scrap rates at yield ramp\n                E-waste with mixed and bonded materials, batteries requiring dedicated routes, short replacement cycles\n              \n              \n                Textiles and apparel\n                Cutting-room offcuts, dyeing and finishing effluent, off-specification fabric lots\n                Discarded garments, microfibre release during washing, mixed-fibre blends resisting recycling\n              \n              \n                Food and beverage\n                Field losses, processing trim and rejects, spent grain and pomace, cold chain failures\n                Household food waste, multi-layer packaging that cannot be separated, expired stock\n              \n              \n                Construction\n                Quarry overburden, cement kiln dust, over-ordering and site offcuts\n                Demolition rubble, mixed materials, hazardous legacy fractions such as asbestos\n              \n              \n                Automotive\n                Stamping skeleton scrap, paint shop sludge and solvents, foundry sand\n                End-of-life vehicles, shredder residue, tyres, traction batteries requiring recovery routes\n              \n              \n                Pharmaceuticals\n                High solvent use per kilogram of product, spent catalysts, failed and rejected batches\n                Unused and expired medicines, blister packaging, active ingredients reaching wastewater\n              \n              \n                Mining and metals\n                Waste rock, tailings, slag, acid mine drainage\n                Scrap metal, which is one of the better recovered streams where collection systems exist\n              \n            \n          \n        Oil and gas\n        \n          Oil and gas illustrates both meanings of the terms at once, which is why it is worth treating separately. In sector language, upstream is exploration and production, midstream is transport and storage, and downstream is refining and petrochemicals. In life cycle language, the industry sits upstream of almost everything else \u2014 it supplies the feedstock and the energy that other sectors turn into products.\n        \n        Upstream operations: exploration and production\n        \n          Drilling waste \u2014 drill cuttings and spent drilling fluids, with oil-based mud cuttings requiring thermal desorption or specialist treatment rather than simple disposal.\n          Produced water \u2014 by volume, the largest waste stream in the industry. Handling options are treatment and reinjection, treatment and discharge under permit, or disposal, and the water cut rises steadily over field life, so the economics shift year by year.\n          Naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) \u2014 scale and sludge accumulating in tubulars and vessels, requiring controlled handling and disposal.\n          Tank bottoms and oily sludge \u2014 recoverable hydrocarbon mixed with solids and water, typically treated to recover the oil fraction.\n          Associated gas \u2014 flared or vented gas is a wasted product as well as an emission, which is why flare and vapour recovery projects usually carry both an environmental and a revenue case.\n          Decommissioning \u2014 well plugging and abandonment, platform and subsea infrastructure removal, and site remediation, which sit at the end of the asset life and are often the largest single waste and cost event.\n        \n        Midstream\n        \n          Pipeline pigging waste \u2014 solids, wax, and liquids removed during cleaning runs.\n          Tank cleaning residues at terminals and storage facilities.\n          Spent desiccants, filters, and molecular sieves from gas conditioning.\n        \n        Downstream operations: refining and petrochemicals\n        \n          Spent catalysts \u2014 from hydrotreating, reforming, and FCC units. These contain recoverable metals and are a genuine circular opportunity rather than a disposal problem, where a recovery route exists.\n          Refinery sludges \u2014 from desalters, API separators, and DAF units, typically oily and requiring dewatering and treatment.\n          Spent caustic and acid streams \u2014 requiring neutralisation before discharge or reuse.\n          Spent clay, filter media, and adsorbents from product finishing.\n          Wastewater treatment plant biosolids, and residues from sulphur recovery.\n          Turnaround waste \u2014 a large episodic volume concentrated into a short window, including insulation, refractory, scaffolding materials, and vessel cleaning residues.\n        \n          The life cycle position\n          \n            Beyond the operational waste above, the sector\u2019s largest downstream burden in life cycle terms is the fate of its products \u2014 fuels combusted by users, and petrochemical feedstock that becomes plastics, packaging, and materials in other industries. That fate falls in the use phase and end-of-life categories of the value chain, not on the refinery site, which is exactly why boundary definition matters so much in this sector.\n          \n        Chemicals\n        \n          The chemical industry occupies a middle position in most value chains: downstream of oil, gas, minerals, and biomass, and upstream of nearly every manufactured product. Waste therefore arrives from both directions.\n        \n        Upstream, as a receiver of feedstock\n        \n          Feedstock impurities and pre-treatment residues \u2014 removed before the material can enter the process.\n          Raw material packaging \u2014 drums, IBCs, and liners, which are strong candidates for reuse and return schemes.\n        \n        Within its own operations\n        \n          Process yield losses \u2014 the gap between theoretical and actual yield is waste by definition, and improving it addresses cost and waste simultaneously.\n          Spent solvents \u2014 typically the largest hazardous stream by volume; solvent recovery and reuse is one of the highest-return interventions available.\n          Spent catalysts \u2014 often containing precious or critical metals, with established recovery routes.\n          Reaction byproducts and heavy ends \u2014 distillation residues that may have value as a lower-grade product or fuel rather than as waste.\n          Off-specification and out-of-shelf-life product \u2014 reprocessing, blending down, or disposal.\n          Wastewater treatment sludge and residues from air pollution control.\n          Cleaning and changeover waste \u2014 a significant driver in multi-product batch plants where campaign scheduling directly affects volumes.\n        \n        Downstream, as a supplier\n        \n          Product packaging reaching customers, and the return logistics for it.\n          Customer-side waste generated by the product \u2014 unused coatings, expired formulations, and rinse water, which some suppliers now address through chemical leasing models where the supplier is paid for function rather than volume.\n          End-of-life of materials made from the chemistry \u2014 the plastics and composites question, and the reason chemical recycling and design-for-recyclability sit on chemical company agendas.\n        \n          \n            Both sectors share a pattern worth naming: a large share of what is classified as waste is a mis-specified product. Spent catalyst contains metal, produced water contains treatable water, heavy ends contain fuel value, and solvent is recoverable. Reclassifying these as recoverable streams rather than disposal costs is usually where the first real progress is made.\n          \n        Solutions and progress\n        \n          Tackling both upstream and downstream waste demands integrated solutions across the actors who can act.\n        \n        \n          Manufacturers \u2014 designing products for easy recycling or reuse, minimising packaging, improving process yield, recovering solvents and catalysts, and sourcing materials responsibly to reduce upstream waste.\n          Industrial operators \u2014 measuring waste by stream rather than by total tonnage, so that the high-value and high-hazard fractions are managed separately from general waste.\n          Consumers \u2014 making conscious purchasing choices, favouring recyclable or compostable items, and disposing of waste correctly to minimise downstream problems.\n          Policymakers \u2014 regulation encouraging sustainable manufacturing, extended producer responsibility that puts end-of-life cost on the party who designed the product, and investment in waste management infrastructure.\n          Industrial symbiosis \u2014 arrangements where one operation\u2019s residue becomes another\u2019s input, which works best where facilities are geographically clustered, as in refining and petrochemical complexes.\n        \n        Conclusion\n        \n          Addressing the full spectrum of upstream and downstream waste is crucial for creating a more sustainable and responsible approach to production and consumption. The visible waste at the end of the chain is the smaller part of the problem, and the part with the least remaining leverage.\n        \n        \n          For an industrial operator, the practical starting point is a waste characterisation by stream across the whole value chain position \u2014 what arrives, what is generated, and what leaves with the product. That inventory is what turns waste from a disposal line item into a set of decisions about design, process, and recovery.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Navigating the Two Streams of Waste Management: Upstream and Downstream Perspectives\" data-d=\"1705641052\" data-m=\"1786552294\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/navigating-the-two-streams-of-waste-management-upstream-and-downstream-perspectives\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/DEISO_Upstream_Down_Stream_Waste-768x432.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"DEISO Upstream Down Stream Waste\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/DEISO_Upstream_Down_Stream_Waste-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/DEISO_Upstream_Down_Stream_Waste-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/DEISO_Upstream_Down_Stream_Waste-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/DEISO_Upstream_Down_Stream_Waste-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/DEISO_Upstream_Down_Stream_Waste.png 1366w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">19 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 11 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/navigating-the-two-streams-of-waste-management-upstream-and-downstream-perspectives\">Navigating the Two Streams of Waste Management: Upstream and Downstream Perspectives<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Introduction The daily items we buy and discard represent only a fraction of the total waste generated within a product\u2019s life cycle. To fully assess the\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/navigating-the-two-streams-of-waste-management-upstream-and-downstream-perspectives\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Navigating the Two Streams of Waste Management: Upstream and Downstream Perspectives\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Introducing DEISO Spectrum 2.0 (sp.dei.so) Announcements News Update: &quot;DEISO Spectrum&quot; is now &quot;DEISO Spectra.&quot; Available at: https:\/\/sp.dei.so\nWhat is DEISO Spectrum?\nDEISO Spectrum is a cloud-based platform for DEISO&#039;s training clients to streamline the process of managing client training courses on the cloud. The platform boasts various features to enhance the learning journey, including material sharing, file management, assignment submission and feedback, detailed explanations, and the issuance of course completion certificates.\nTwo Versions of the Spectrum, which one to use?: Transition from DEISO Spectrum 1.0 to DEISO Spectrum 2.0\nDEISO Spectrum has evolved, and clients who enrolled before January 13, 2024, have access to &quot;DEISO Spectrum 1.0&quot; (https:\/\/spectrum.deiso.co.jp), fondly known as the &quot;Old Spectrum.&quot; This version has been the foundation of many successful learning journeys, and its interface is known for its user-friendly design and robust functionalities.\nFor clients enrolling after January 13, 2024, DEISO Company introduces &quot;DEISO Spectrum 2.0,&quot; (https:\/\/sp.dei.so)the latest iteration of their platform. This upgraded version promises an even more immersive and efficient learning experience, with enhanced features and improved performance. The transition from DEISO Spectrum 1.0 to DEISO Spectrum 2.0 reflects DEISO Company&#039;s commitment to staying at the forefront of technological advancements in education.\nMoodle Powers DEISO Spectrum: A Testament to Reliability\nThe Moodle platform is at the core of DEISO Spectrum, a widely acclaimed open-source learning management system. Moodle&#039;s versatility and reliability contribute significantly to the success of DEISO Spectrum, ensuring a stable and secure environment for clients to access their training materials.\nMobile Accessibility: Learning on the Go\nRecognizing the need for flexibility in today&#039;s fast-paced world, DEISO Spectrum ensures that trainees can access their courses anytime, anywhere. The platform offers mobile apps for iOS and Android devices, which are available for download at https:\/\/download.moodle.org\/mobile. The mobile app allows users to integrate their learning experience into their busy schedules seamlessly.\n\nLogging in on the Mobile App:\n\n \tThe link for users accessing &quot;DEISO Spectrum 1.0&quot; (Old Spectrum) is https:\/\/spectrum.deiso.co.jp.\n \tFor users accessing &quot;DEISO Spectrum 2.0,&quot; the link is https:\/\/sp.dei.so.\n \tEnter the username and password to gain access to the platform.\n\nDEISO Company\n\nTokyo, January 13, 2024\n\ndei.so\n\n(www.deiso.co.jp)\" data-s=\"Introducing DEISO Spectrum 2.0 (sp.dei.so)\" data-d=\"1705134845\" data-m=\"1725336441\" data-cat=\"58,7\" data-year=\"2024\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deiso-spectrum-2-0-sp-dei-so\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"307\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ds_Logo_spectra_hp-1-768x307.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ds_Logo_spectra_hp-1-768x307.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ds_Logo_spectra_hp-1-300x120.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ds_Logo_spectra_hp-1-1024x410.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ds_Logo_spectra_hp-1-18x7.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ds_Logo_spectra_hp-1.jpg 1420w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">13 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deiso-spectrum-2-0-sp-dei-so\">Introducing DEISO Spectrum 2.0 (sp.dei.so)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Update: &quot;DEISO Spectrum&quot; is now &quot;DEISO Spectra.&quot; Available at: https:\/\/sp.dei.so What is DEISO Spectrum? DEISO Spectrum is a cloud-based platform for DEISO&#039;s training clients to streamline the process\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deiso-spectrum-2-0-sp-dei-so\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Introducing DEISO Spectrum 2.0 (sp.dei.so)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO Successfully Conducts LCA Training for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo Featured News News Training News\n        Onsite Life Cycle Assessment training for Aramco in Tokyo\n        \n          In December 2023, DEISO had the pleasure of hosting onsite training for Aramco at its office in Tokyo for an intensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training program. It was held on 18 December 2023.\n        \n          Engagement at a glance\n          \n            Client: Aramco\n            Onsite at DEISO\u2019s Tokyo office\n            18 December 2023\n            Intensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training program\n          \n        \n          LCA is a powerful tool for promoting sustainable practices throughout a product\u2019s life cycle, and DEISO is proud to support organizations like Saudi Aramco in achieving their sustainability goals.\n        \n          Interested in LCA training?\n          DEISO offers a range of LCA training programs that you can access here.\n        DEISO \u2014 25 December 2023\" data-s=\"DEISO Successfully Conducts LCA Training for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo\" data-d=\"1703477888\" data-m=\"1786374842\" data-cat=\"987,7,24\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-successfully-conducts-lca-training-for-saudi-aramco-in-tokyo\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Deiso_LCA_page1-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Deiso_LCA_page1-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Deiso_LCA_page1-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Deiso_LCA_page1-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Deiso_LCA_page1.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Deiso_LCA_page1-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Featured News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Featured News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">25 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-successfully-conducts-lca-training-for-saudi-aramco-in-tokyo\">DEISO Successfully Conducts LCA Training for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Onsite Life Cycle Assessment training for Aramco in Tokyo In December 2023, DEISO had the pleasure of hosting onsite training for Aramco at its office in Tokyo\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-successfully-conducts-lca-training-for-saudi-aramco-in-tokyo\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO Successfully Conducts LCA Training for Saudi Aramco in Tokyo\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO LLC Unveils New Domain \u201cdei.so\u201d to Elevate Brand Presence and Global Accessibility Announcements News News\n        DEISO LLC unveils new domain \u201cdei.so\u201d to elevate brand presence and global accessibility\n        \n          In a strategic move to reinforce its brand identity and extend its global reach, DEISO LLC is pleased to announce the launch of its new domain: dei.so.\n        \n          Domain structure\n          \n            Primary: dei.so \u2014 the main gateway to the DEISO LLC website\n            Secondary: deiso.co.jp \u2014 the previous domain, which remains active\n          \n        \n          As a dynamic and innovative company, DEISO LLC is committed to staying at the forefront of technology and market trends. The decision to adopt the new domain reflects the company\u2019s dedication to strengthening its brand recognition and keeping its online platform easy to reach worldwide.\n        \n        Why dei.so?\n        \n          \n            Brand strengthening \u2014 the adoption of the concise and memorable https:\/\/dei.so domain is a strategic move to strengthen the DEISO brand. This change aligns with the company\u2019s commitment to producing cutting-edge solutions and services for its clients worldwide.\n          \n          \n            Globalization efforts \u2014 DEISO LLC recognizes the importance of a global presence in today\u2019s interconnected business landscape. The new domain is a crucial step in the company\u2019s efforts to globalize its brand, making it easier for international clients, partners, and stakeholders to connect with DEISO.\n          \n        \n        \n          DEISO LLC\n          Tokyo, Japan \u2014 16 December 2023\n          https:\/\/dei.so\" data-s=\"DEISO LLC Unveils New Domain \u201cdei.so\u201d to Elevate Brand Presence and Global Accessibility\" data-d=\"1702689933\" data-m=\"1786374900\" data-cat=\"58,7\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-llc-unveils-new-domain-www-dei-so-to-elevate-brand-presence-and-global-accessibility\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"722\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/deiso_domain.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/deiso_domain.jpg 722w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/deiso_domain-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/deiso_domain-8x12.jpg 8w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 722px) 100vw, 722px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">16 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-llc-unveils-new-domain-www-dei-so-to-elevate-brand-presence-and-global-accessibility\">DEISO LLC Unveils New Domain \u201cdei.so\u201d to Elevate Brand Presence and Global Accessibility<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News DEISO LLC unveils new domain \u201cdei.so\u201d to elevate brand presence and global accessibility In a strategic move to reinforce its brand identity and extend its global reach,\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-llc-unveils-new-domain-www-dei-so-to-elevate-brand-presence-and-global-accessibility\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO LLC Unveils New Domain \u201cdei.so\u201d to Elevate Brand Presence and Global Accessibility\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"DEISO delivered two Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Training Programs at PETRONAS, Malaysia Featured News News News\n        Two Life Cycle Assessment training programs run for PETRONAS in Malaysia\n        \n          DEISO LLC is pleased to announce that it has successfully run two Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training programs in the chemical industry for its client, PETRONAS, in Malaysia between 22 and 25 October 2023.\n        \n          Engagement at a glance\n          \n            Client: PETRONAS\n            Malaysia \u2014 chemical industry\n            22\u201325 October 2023\n            Two Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training programs\n          \n          Learn more\n          The DEISO training program: https:\/\/dei.so\/deiso-training\n        DEISO LLC, Japan \u2014 27 October 2023\" data-s=\"DEISO delivered two Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Training Programs at PETRONAS, Malaysia\" data-d=\"1698353426\" data-m=\"1786374959\" data-cat=\"987,7\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-delivered-two-life-cycle-assessment-lca-at-petronas-malaysia\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"412\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/deiso_petronas-768x412.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/deiso_petronas-768x412.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/deiso_petronas-300x161.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/deiso_petronas-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/deiso_petronas.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Featured News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Featured News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">27 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-delivered-two-life-cycle-assessment-lca-at-petronas-malaysia\">DEISO delivered two Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Training Programs at PETRONAS, Malaysia<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Two Life Cycle Assessment training programs run for PETRONAS in Malaysia DEISO LLC is pleased to announce that it has successfully run two Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-delivered-two-life-cycle-assessment-lca-at-petronas-malaysia\" aria-label=\"Read the article: DEISO delivered two Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Training Programs at PETRONAS, Malaysia\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Market Research Principles in the Environmental Services and Chemical Industries Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Introduction\n        \n          Market research is important to every company strategy since it provides critical insights into customer requirements, industry trends, and competitive landscapes. This article goes into implementing market research concepts in the environmental services sector, focusing on the chemical industry. We will review the fundamental ideas, set out the methods that suit these markets, and work through practical sustainability market study use cases.\n        \n          \n            One distinction governs everything that follows. Environmental services and chemicals are business-to-business markets: buyers are few, technically expert, and purchasing against specifications, regulation, and total cost rather than preference. Consumer research technique \u2014 large samples, attitudinal surveys, brand tracking \u2014 produces very little of value here. The research that works is small-sample, deep, specification-led, and grounded in regulatory reality.\n        \n          1\n          Recognise your target audience\n        \n          Identifying your target audience is critical in environmental services and the chemical business. Different sectors of these businesses have different requirements and objectives. Chemical enterprises, for example, may serve a wide spectrum of customers, from industrial producers to agricultural businesses. Conduct surveys, interviews, or employ data analytics to determine your audience\u2019s individual needs and preferences.\n        \n        \n          For example, a chemical business interested in sustainable packaging materials may undertake surveys to understand the needs of environmentally sensitive customers better. By determining their target audience\u2019s preferences for biodegradable packaging, they can adjust their product development accordingly.\n        \n        The buying centre, not the buyer\n        \n          In these sectors a purchase decision is rarely made by one person, and researching only the procurement contact will mislead you. Map the whole buying centre:\n        \n        \n          Technical or process engineer \u2014 defines the specification and usually holds veto power.\n          EHS and regulatory \u2014 decides whether an option is permissible at all.\n          Procurement \u2014 owns price, terms, and supplier risk.\n          Operations and maintenance \u2014 lives with the consequences and often blocks changes that add labour.\n          Sustainability or ESG function \u2014 increasingly holds a formal say where the purchase affects reported emissions or waste.\n          Finance \u2014 approves capital and applies the payback threshold.\n        \n        \n          Each of these has a different definition of \u201cbetter\u201d. A product that reduces emissions but adds a maintenance step will be championed by sustainability and resisted by operations, and the research needs to surface that tension rather than average it away.\n        \n          2\n          Competitive evaluation\n        \n          Environmental services and the chemical industry are both highly competitive. It is critical to assess your competitors to prosper. Identify your main rivals, evaluate their strengths and shortcomings, and identify openings for your company. Tools such as SWOT analysis can be useful here.\n        \n        \n          For instance, an environmental consulting business may evaluate its rivals and learn they excel at supplying complete waste management solutions. The company may then elect to specialise in a narrower field, such as consulting on environmentally sound chemical disposal, where there are few rivals.\n        \n        Where competitive intelligence actually comes from in these sectors\n        \n          Competitor information in B2B industrial markets is rarely on a website. The productive sources are:\n        \n        \n          Public tender awards and procurement portals \u2014 who won, at what scope, and at what price where disclosed.\n          Environmental permits and regulatory filings \u2014 capacity, throughput, and permitted operations are matters of public record in most jurisdictions.\n          Patent filings \u2014 a leading indicator of where a competitor is investing, typically eighteen months ahead of any product.\n          EPDs and published LCA studies \u2014 competitors\u2019 own declared environmental performance, in a standardised and comparable format.\n          Trade association membership and conference programmes \u2014 who is positioning around which topic.\n          Job postings \u2014 a specific technical hire signals a capability being built.\n          Annual and sustainability reports \u2014 targets, capital allocation, and stated priorities.\n        \n          A boundary worth keeping\n          \n            Competitive research in these industries has legal limits. Discussing price, capacity, or market allocation with a competitor is a competition-law risk regardless of intent, and industry association meetings are a common setting for it. Gather intelligence from public and customer-side sources, not from the competitor directly.\n          \n          3\n          Stay current on regulations\n        \n          Because of their potential environmental impacts, both environmental services and the chemical sector are closely regulated. It is vital to remain current on new rules since falling short may result in significant legal and financial penalties. Engage with industry groups, check government sources, and take legal advice to confirm your company meets all applicable laws and regulations.\n        \n        \n          For example, a hazardous waste disposal firm must continuously adapt its methods in response to changing environmental requirements. It may form a regulatory alignment team and undertake specialist training to confirm it meets all legal obligations.\n        \n        Regulation as a market signal, not just an obligation\n        \n          The distinctive feature of these industries is that regulation creates and destroys markets. Treating regulatory monitoring as a compliance chore rather than a market research input is the most common strategic error in the sector. A restriction on a substance eliminates one market and creates a substitution market of comparable size, usually with two to five years of visible warning.\n        \n        \n          Substance restrictions and authorisations \u2014 REACH and equivalent regimes, where a candidate list entry is an early signal of a substitution opportunity.\n          Extended producer responsibility \u2014 shifts end-of-life cost onto producers and creates demand for recovery and design services.\n          Carbon pricing and border adjustment \u2014 changes the relative economics of imported versus domestic material, and makes product carbon footprints a commercial requirement.\n          Corporate disclosure requirements \u2014 CSRD, ESRS, and IFRS S2 create demand for Scope 3 data from suppliers who were not previously asked for it.\n          Waste classification changes \u2014 reclassifying a stream can move it between routine and hazardous handling overnight, with a large price consequence.\n        \n          4\n          Make use of technology\n        \n          Technology is central to current market research practice. Data analytics, AI, and machine learning methods can substantially improve research in the environmental services and chemical industries. These technologies help identify patterns, forecast demand, and automate data-collection operations.\n        \n        \n          An environmental monitoring firm, for example, may use IoT devices to collect real-time data on air and water quality. That data may be processed with analytical models to give rapid insight into environmental conditions and help customers make informed choices.\n        \n          Where automation helps, and where it does not\n          \n            Automated collection works well for structured public data \u2014 permits, tenders, patents, trade statistics, price indices, and disclosure filings \u2014 where volume is high and the format is consistent. It works poorly for the questions that actually decide a B2B purchase: why a plant manager rejected a substitute, what the real switching cost is, and who holds the veto. Those still require conversations.\n          \n          \n            Treat AI-supported analysis as a way to narrow where you spend interview time, not as a replacement for it.\n          \n          5\n          Effective data collection and analysis\n        \n          Gathering and interpreting data appropriately is what makes market research relevant. Surveys, focus groups, interviews, and web analytics are all data-collecting techniques. Once the data has been collected, statistical approaches extract the insight.\n        \n        \n          For instance, a maker of chemical safety equipment may conduct online surveys to get feedback from industrial clients. Using statistical analysis, they may then spot patterns in safety concerns and modify their product offer accordingly.\n        \n        Matching the method to the question\n        Research methods in industrial and environmental markets\n          \n            \n              \n                Method\n                Answers\n                Limitation in this sector\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Expert interviews\n                Why decisions are actually made, unstated constraints, switching costs\n                Small samples; findings are directional and cannot be treated as statistically representative\n              \n              \n                Customer surveys\n                Priority ranking, satisfaction, stated willingness to pay\n                Low response rates from busy technical staff; stated preference diverges from purchase behaviour\n              \n              \n                Conjoint or trade-off analysis\n                What buyers will actually trade against what, and implied price sensitivity\n                Needs adequate sample size, which is hard to reach in narrow industrial segments\n              \n              \n                Secondary and desk research\n                Market size, trade flows, capacity, regulatory direction\n                Published market reports frequently disagree; reconcile against a bottom-up build\n              \n              \n                Technical benchmarking\n                Where a product genuinely stands against alternatives on performance and footprint\n                Requires comparable boundaries and methods, or the comparison is meaningless\n              \n              \n                Pilot and trial data\n                Real adoption behaviour under operating conditions\n                Slow and expensive, but the only method that removes stated-preference bias\n              \n            \n          \n        Sizing a market from the bottom up\n        \n          Top-down figures taken from published reports are a starting point, not an answer. A defensible size is built from countable units.\n        \n          SAM = Nsites \u00d7 q\u0304 \u00d7 p\u0304 \u00d7 faddressable\n          \n            Nsites \u2014 number of facilities meeting the qualifying criteria (sector code, capacity, permit type, geography). q\u0304 \u2014 average annual consumption or service requirement per site. p\u0304 \u2014 realistic price per unit. faddressable \u2014 the fraction genuinely reachable given specification fit, approval status, and contract cycles.\n          \n          Revenuey = SAM \u00d7 sy \u00d7 (1 \u2212 c) \u00a0\u00a0where\u00a0\u00a0 sy = smax \/ (1 + e\u2212k(y \u2212 y\u2080))\n          \n            Adoption in industrial markets follows an S-curve, not a straight line: slow while qualification and trials run, steep once reference sites exist, then flattening. c is the churn or contract loss rate. Modelling adoption as linear is the most common cause of a business case missing its first two years.\n          \n          The number that decides the forecast\n          \n            In these sectors the qualification and approval cycle \u2014 plant trial, EHS sign-off, specification change, and in regulated applications a formal approval \u2014 commonly runs one to three years. A forecast that assumes a purchase follows a positive customer conversation within a quarter is not a forecast of this market.\n          \n        Practical sustainability market study use cases\n        \n          The following are the study types most often commissioned in these industries, set out with the research design rather than as descriptions. Each is a real decision shape.\n        \n        Use case 1 \u2014 Sizing the market for a bio-based chemical substitute\n        \n          The decision: whether to commit capital to a production line for a bio-based replacement of a petrochemical intermediate.\n        \n        \n          Demand side: identify converters and formulators using the incumbent substance, from trade statistics and customs data by HS code, cross-checked against permit and capacity records.\n          Regulatory driver: establish whether the incumbent is on any restriction pathway, since that converts a discretionary switch into a forced one.\n          Willingness to pay: interview formulators on the green premium they can pass through \u2014 typically far lower than the marketing narrative suggests, and often zero unless a customer mandate exists behind it.\n          Technical barrier: establish drop-in status. A substitute requiring reformulation faces a qualification cycle measured in years; a true drop-in does not.\n          Evidence requirement: a comparative LCA under ISO 14040\/14044 showing the substitution actually reduces impact, since buyers with disclosure obligations will ask for it.\n        \n        Use case 2 \u2014 Demand assessment for LCA, EPD, and carbon footprint services\n        \n          The decision: where a sustainability services firm should focus capacity.\n        \n        \n          Trigger mapping: demand for these services is almost entirely driven by external requirement \u2014 a customer questionnaire, a tender condition, a disclosure regulation, or a certification scheme. Map the triggers, not the sectors.\n          Timing: reporting deadlines and tender calendars determine when demand appears, which makes this market highly seasonal and forecastable if the calendar is mapped.\n          Segment sizing: count companies falling within each disclosure threshold and their supplier tiers, since the supplier tier is usually the larger and less served population.\n          Competitive check: identify who already holds the framework agreements, since incumbency in professional services is sticky.\n        \n        Use case 3 \u2014 Feasibility of a chemical recycling or recovery facility\n        \n          The decision: whether a recovery plant has a viable market on both sides.\n        \n        \n          Feedstock security: a waste-to-value business fails on input before it fails on output. Establish volume, composition, contamination, seasonality, and who currently controls the stream.\n          Gate fee versus product value: two revenue lines with opposite dynamics \u2014 model both, because a business dependent on high gate fees is exposed to any cheaper disposal route reopening.\n          Offtake: confirm buyers will accept recycled-content material at specification, and whether a certification scheme is required for them to count it.\n          Policy sensitivity: run the model against recycled-content mandates and landfill tax scenarios, since these frequently decide viability outright.\n        \n        Use case 4 \u2014 Green premium and price sensitivity testing\n        \n          The decision: what, if anything, to charge for a lower-impact version of an existing product.\n        \n        \n          Method: conjoint analysis with attributes that reflect real buying criteria \u2014 price, technical performance, carbon footprint, security of supply, and certification status.\n          The finding to expect: a premium exists where the buyer has a reporting obligation the product helps satisfy, and largely disappears where they do not. Segment on obligation, not on attitude.\n          Validation: stated willingness to pay in industrial markets consistently overstates actual behaviour. Confirm with quotation win rates or a pilot rather than treating the survey as the answer.\n        \n        Use case 5 \u2014 Supplier and market readiness for Scope 3 data\n        \n          The decision: how a manufacturer should approach collecting primary emissions data from its supply chain.\n        \n        \n          Capability survey: establish what proportion of suppliers can already produce a product carbon footprint, what proportion could with support, and what proportion cannot.\n          Segmentation by spend and impact: effort concentrates on the small number of suppliers representing the majority of both.\n          Leverage assessment: whether the buyer is significant enough to that supplier to compel a response, which determines whether the approach is a requirement or a support programme.\n          Output: a phased data collection plan with realistic coverage targets, rather than a request sent to every supplier at once and largely ignored.\n        \n        Data quality and the biases that spoil these studies\n        \n          Social desirability bias \u2014 nobody says sustainability does not matter to them. Ask what they last paid a premium for, not what they value.\n          Non-response bias \u2014 the companies that answer a sustainability survey are the ones already engaged, which systematically overstates market readiness.\n          Survivorship in secondary data \u2014 published market reports reflect the firms that report, not the whole market, and are weakest exactly where growth is happening.\n          Confusing the specifier with the payer \u2014 enthusiasm from a sustainability manager without budget authority is not demand.\n          Extrapolating from pilots \u2014 a trial site is usually chosen because it is favourable, and rarely represents the average installation.\n          Confidentiality constraints \u2014 industrial customers will not disclose formulations or volumes. Design questions that can be answered in ranges or relative terms.\n        \n          One discipline worth adopting\n          \n            Record every market assumption with its source, its date, and its confidence level, in the same way a life cycle inventory records data quality. When the forecast is challenged twelve months later, the argument is about the assumption rather than about whether anyone can remember where the number came from.\n          \n        Conclusion\n        \n          Market research is critical to success in the environmental services and chemical industries. Businesses in these areas can make informed choices, offer meaningful solutions, and support their long-term position by knowing their target audience, researching the competition, keeping current on legislation, using technology, and collecting data properly.\n        \n        \n          What separates useful research from expensive research in these sectors is the recognition that they are technical, regulated, B2B markets. The buying centre has several members with conflicting definitions of value. Regulation creates and destroys demand faster than customer preference does. Adoption follows qualification cycles measured in years. And a claim about environmental performance now has to be supported by a standards-based figure, because the buyer has a disclosure obligation of their own.\n        \n        \n          Research designed around those realities produces a forecast a board can act on. Research designed around consumer-market habits produces a document.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Market Research Principles in the Environmental Services and Chemical Industries\" data-d=\"1698013580\" data-m=\"1789630359\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/market-research-principles-in-the-environmental-services-and-chemical-industries\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/market_research2a-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/market_research2a-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/market_research2a-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/market_research2a-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/market_research2a-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/market_research2a.jpg 1366w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">23 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 13 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/market-research-principles-in-the-environmental-services-and-chemical-industries\">Market Research Principles in the Environmental Services and Chemical Industries<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Introduction Market research is important to every company strategy since it provides critical insights into customer requirements, industry trends, and competitive landscapes. This article goes into\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/market-research-principles-in-the-environmental-services-and-chemical-industries\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Market Research Principles in the Environmental Services and Chemical Industries\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Industry 4.0: Transforming Business Through the Fourth Industrial Revolution Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Introduction\n        \n          The Fourth Industrial Revolution, known as Industry 4.0, is transforming the way industries work by using digital technology to improve productivity, efficiency, and competitiveness. This article sets out its core concepts, its enabling technologies, real-world applications across sectors, and the connection between industrial digitalisation and the circular economy \u2014 which is where much of its practical sustainability value now sits.\n        \n        Recognising Industry 4.0\n          \n            Manufacturing and industry are undergoing a structural change under Industry 4.0. It is characterised by the use of digital technology, data analytics, and the Internet of Things (IoT) in production. This shift lets businesses build connected factories and supply networks, supporting a more flexible, efficient, and customer-responsive manufacturing model.\n          \n        \n          The term originated in a German government strategic initiative and describes the fourth in a sequence: mechanisation and steam power, electrification and mass production, electronics and computing, and now the fusion of physical production with digital systems. What distinguishes this stage is not any single technology but the connection between them \u2014 machines, products, and systems exchanging data continuously across the whole value chain.\n        \n        The fundamental principles\n        \n          Six design principles run through most Industry 4.0 implementations and are useful for judging whether a project genuinely belongs to it.\n        \n        \n          1Interconnectivity. The Internet of Things connects machines, sensors, and systems so they exchange data in real time and support intelligent decision-making. This connection improves transparency and coordination across operations.\n          2Information transparency. Sensor data creates a virtual copy of the physical plant, giving operators context rather than isolated readings.\n          3Decentralised decisions. Cyber-physical systems make routine decisions locally and escalate only exceptions, which is what allows the model to scale.\n          4Technical assistance. Systems aggregate and visualise information so people can make decisions quickly, and machines take on tasks that are unsafe or physically demanding.\n          5Data analytics. Advanced algorithms and machine learning turn the volume of data produced by connected devices into useful insight, streamlined operations, and maintenance prediction.\n          6Interoperability. Without common data standards and protocols, connected equipment produces isolated data pools rather than a connected system \u2014 which is the most frequent point of failure in practice.\n        \n        The enabling technologies\n        \n          Nine technology groups are usually identified as the pillars of Industry 4.0.\n        \n        \n          Industrial IoT and sensors \u2014 the data layer everything else depends on.\n          Big data and analytics \u2014 converting that data into operational decisions.\n          Cloud and edge computing \u2014 the processing capacity, with edge handling latency-sensitive control locally.\n          Robotics and automation \u2014 including collaborative robots that work alongside people rather than behind fencing. Smart machines perform tasks with greater accuracy and speed, reducing error and improving throughput; robotic arms in vehicle assembly are the familiar example.\n          Additive manufacturing (3D printing) \u2014 enabling low-volume production, rapid prototyping, and geometries that subtractive methods cannot achieve. Aerospace manufacturers use it for complex components.\n          Augmented and virtual reality \u2014 used in training, maintenance, and quality control. Technicians may use AR overlays for real-time work instructions, or VR simulations for equipment training.\n          Digital twins and simulation \u2014 a live virtual model of an asset or process, used to test changes before committing them physically.\n          Cyber-physical systems \u2014 physical processes combined with computation, allowing monitoring and control in real time. In agriculture, sensors and actuators manage irrigation based on weather forecasts and crop conditions.\n          Industrial cybersecurity \u2014 not optional. Connecting operational technology to networks expands the attack surface onto systems that were designed when isolation was the security model.\n        \n          The pillar most often skipped\n          \n            Cybersecurity and data governance are usually treated as a later phase. In practice they determine whether a connected plant is an asset or a liability, and retrofitting them after deployment is significantly harder than designing them in.\n          \n        Examples from the real world\n        Applications by sector\n          \n            \n              \n                Sector\n                Application\n                Operational result\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Automotive\n                Data analytics applied to production processes, with collaborative robots working alongside operators on the line\n                Higher throughput, improved consistency, and reduced physical strain on workers\n              \n              \n                Aerospace\n                Sensor data and analytics used to predict engine maintenance requirements before failure\n                Reduced unplanned downtime and lower maintenance expenditure\n              \n              \n                Agriculture\n                IoT sensors gathering soil quality and crop condition data, delivered to farmers in real time\n                More accurate planting, irrigation, and input decisions; less fertiliser and water waste\n              \n              \n                Pharmaceuticals\n                Automated and robotic manufacturing with precise measurement and mixing\n                Consistent product quality, batch traceability, and fewer rejected batches\n              \n              \n                Logistics and supply chain\n                Robotics and IoT integrated in warehouses to automate order fulfilment\n                Faster fulfilment with fewer picking errors\n              \n              \n                Healthcare\n                RFID tracking and IoT for equipment location and patient monitoring\n                Better asset utilisation and lower operating cost\n              \n              \n                Process industries\n                Advanced process control and digital twins applied to energy-intensive units\n                Reduced energy consumption per unit of output and more stable operation\n              \n            \n          \n        Industry 4.0 and the circular economy\n        \n          The strongest sustainability argument for industrial digitalisation is not energy efficiency at the machine level. It is that circular business models depend on information that only a connected system can produce. Reuse, remanufacture, and recovery all require knowing what a product is made of, where it is, and what condition it is in \u2014 and those are data problems before they are engineering problems.\n        \n        Where the two connect\n        \n          Material passports and product identity. A digital record of composition, components, and disassembly instructions travelling with the product is what makes high-quality recycling possible instead of shredding. This is the mechanism behind the Digital Product Passport now entering European regulation.\n          Predictive maintenance extends asset life. Servicing equipment before failure rather than after keeps assets in use longer, which is the highest tier of circular value retention \u2014 and it happens to be the most commercially proven Industry 4.0 application.\n          Product-as-a-service models. Selling performance rather than product only works if the supplier can monitor the asset remotely. Connectivity is the precondition for the business model that aligns supplier incentives with durability.\n          Reverse logistics and take-back. Tracking products through use and end of life makes recovery routes economic; without visibility, collection cost usually exceeds material value.\n          Remanufacturing. Knowing an individual unit\u2019s service history determines whether it can be remanufactured and to what specification, rather than being scrapped by default.\n          Yield and scrap reduction. In-line quality sensing catches defects at the process step that caused them, rather than at final inspection after all subsequent material and energy has been added.\n          Additive manufacturing for spare parts. Printing a discontinued component on demand keeps a machine in service that would otherwise be replaced for want of one part.\n          Industrial symbiosis. Digital platforms matching one facility\u2019s residues to another\u2019s inputs make exchanges viable that would not be found manually.\n        \n          \n            The circular economy asks products and materials to stay in use at their highest value for as long as possible. Industry 4.0 supplies the visibility, traceability, and condition data that make that operationally possible. Neither delivers much without the other \u2014 digitalisation without a circular objective optimises a linear system faster, and circular ambition without data stays at the level of intent.\n          \n        The sustainability data dividend\n        \n          A connected plant generates the primary data that environmental reporting now demands. Energy and material consumption measured at process level rather than estimated from site totals is exactly what a product carbon footprint under ISO 14067 needs, what Scope 1 and 2 reporting requires, and what customers asking for Scope 3 data from their suppliers are looking for. Facilities that have digitalised can usually answer those requests; facilities that have not are estimating.\n        \n          The counterweight\n          \n            Digitalisation carries its own footprint. Sensors, servers, networks, and data centres consume energy and materials, and shortened refresh cycles for connected equipment can add electronic waste. The environmental case for an Industry 4.0 project should be assessed on life cycle terms \u2014 the savings it produces against the impacts it introduces \u2014 not assumed because the technology is described as smart.\n          \n        What determines whether it works\n        \n          1Start from a problem, not a technology. Projects that begin with a defined operational or commercial problem succeed far more often than those that begin with a platform purchase.\n          2Data quality before analytics. Sensors that are uncalibrated, unlabelled, or inconsistently sampled produce confident nonsense.\n          3Interoperability. Proprietary systems that cannot exchange data recreate the isolated silos the approach exists to remove.\n          4Workforce capability. The constraint is usually people who can interpret the output, not the technology producing it. Roles change rather than disappear, and the transition needs to be planned.\n          5Scaling beyond the pilot. The common failure is a successful demonstration that never reaches the rest of the plant, because the pilot was designed without considering how it would scale.\n          6Life cycle cost, not capital cost. Sensors, licences, integration, and maintenance run for the life of the installation; the purchase price is the smaller part.\n        \n        Conclusion\n        \n          Industry 4.0 represents a substantial shift in how industrial operations function. By integrating digital technology, data analytics, and automation, companies can streamline processes, reduce cost, and improve product quality. The examples across automotive, aerospace, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, logistics, and healthcare show the practical value rather than the theoretical case.\n        \n        \n          Its longer-term significance is likely to be circular rather than purely operational. The traceability, condition monitoring, and product-level data that connected systems produce are the prerequisites for reuse, remanufacture, and recovery at scale \u2014 and increasingly for the environmental reporting that customers and regulators require. Digitalisation applied to a linear model makes that model faster; applied to a circular one, it makes it possible.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Industry 4.0: Transforming Business Through the Fourth Industrial Revolution\" data-d=\"1698012466\" data-m=\"1786555745\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/industry-4-0-transforming-business-through-the-fourth-industrial-revolution\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/industry_4-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/industry_4-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/industry_4-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/industry_4-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/industry_4-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/industry_4.jpg 1366w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">23 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 8 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/industry-4-0-transforming-business-through-the-fourth-industrial-revolution\">Industry 4.0: Transforming Business Through the Fourth Industrial Revolution<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Introduction The Fourth Industrial Revolution, known as Industry 4.0, is transforming the way industries work by using digital technology to improve productivity, efficiency, and competitiveness. This\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/industry-4-0-transforming-business-through-the-fourth-industrial-revolution\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Industry 4.0: Transforming Business Through the Fourth Industrial Revolution\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Dimethyl Ether (DME): A Versatile Fuel and Chemical Compound Blog Posts Introduction\t\t\n\t\tDimethyl Ether, sometimes known as DME, is a flexible chemical molecule with various uses. It is a colorless gas with potential use as a fuel, a propellant, and an important part of several industrial processes. This article will examine the real-world applications of DME, its chemical synthesis methods, the worldwide market, and its pricing patterns.\t\t\n\t\t\tChemical Composition and Characteristics\t\t\n\t\tWith the ether bond connecting two methyl groups (-CH3) to an oxygen atom (-O-), DME has the chemical formula CH3OCH3. Several distinctive traits distinguish it:1. Gaseous at Ambient Conditions: DME is a gas at normal pressure and ambient temperature, making it appropriate for various gaseous applications.2. Non-toxic and Colorless: When burnt, DME does not release any hazardous pollutants and is non-toxic. Its adaptability is additionally increased because it has no color or smell.3. High Energy Density: The high energy density of DME makes it a desirable fuel option for various applications.\t\t\n\t\t\tReal-World Use Cases\t\t\n\t\t1. Alternative Fuel: DME has drawn interest as a cleaner substitute for LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) and diesel. It may be utilized in compression-ignition diesel engines to reduce particulate matter and greenhouse gas emissions.2. Aerosol Propellant: DME is used in aerosol goods, including deodorants, hairsprays, and insect repellents as fuel.3. Chemical Feedstock: DME is a feedstock utilized to synthesize several chemicals, such as acetic acid, dimethyl sulfate, and others.4. Refrigeration: It may be utilized as a refrigerant in the cooling sector, especially in certain heat pump applications.\t\t\n\t\t\tRoutes for Chemical Synthesis\t\t\n\t\tDME may be produced in a variety of ways; however, the following two are often used:1. Methanol Dehydration: The main technique is drying methanol (CH3OH) over an alumina-based solid acid catalyst to create DME and water.2. Syngas Conversion: Another method includes turning syngas, a combination of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, into methanol and dehydrating it to create DME.\t\t\n\t\t\tMarkets and Prices Worldwide\t\t\n\t\tDue to its adaptability and environmental advantages, the demand for DME has increased worldwide. Depending on the manufacturing process, purity, and local demand, DME costs might change. DME costs from $500 to $1,000 per ton.The need for DME is anticipated to increase going forward, particularly in areas where clean and alternative fuels are becoming more important. The DME industry is projected to grow considerably due to government initiatives encouraging sustainable manufacturing practices and greener energy sources.\t\t\n\t\t\tConclusion\t\t\n\t\tIn a society increasingly concerned with sustainable and ecologically friendly solutions, dimethyl ether has enormous potential due to its clean-burning properties and numerous uses. DME is set to play a bigger part in innumerable sectors as technology develops and the need for greener fuels and chemicals rises. As technologies and regulations define the future of the DME industry, keep an eye on it as it changes.\t\t\n\t\t\tLife Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Dimethyl Ether (DME)\t\t\n\t\tInterested in learning how to conduct Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Dimethyl Ether (DME)? Check out our LCA programs:DEISO\u2019s Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Professional Training ProgramsAdvanced and Industry-Specific Special Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Professional Training Programs\" data-s=\"Dimethyl Ether (DME): A Versatile Fuel and Chemical Compound\" data-d=\"1697365174\" data-m=\"1789630352\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/dimethyl-ether-dme-a-versatile-fuel-and-chemical-compound\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dimethyl_Ether-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dimethyl_Ether-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dimethyl_Ether-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dimethyl_Ether-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dimethyl_Ether-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dimethyl_Ether.jpg 1366w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">15 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/dimethyl-ether-dme-a-versatile-fuel-and-chemical-compound\">Dimethyl Ether (DME): A Versatile Fuel and Chemical Compound<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Introduction Dimethyl Ether, sometimes known as DME, is a flexible chemical molecule with various uses. It is a colorless gas with potential use as a fuel, a propellant,\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/dimethyl-ether-dme-a-versatile-fuel-and-chemical-compound\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Dimethyl Ether (DME): A Versatile Fuel and Chemical Compound\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Hiring a Personal Assistant Jobs Careers\n        \n          Hiring a Personal Assistant: DEISO is urgently seeking and employing a personal assistant for DEISO CEO (dei.so):\n        \n        \n          (1) Native Japanese speaker, (2) business-level English speaker, and (3) resides in Saitama (or nearby), Japan.\n        \n          Contact\n          \n            Please contact us at https:\/\/dei.so\/contact if you are interested or know someone who is.\n          \n        Important notes\n          Please read\n          \n            1This job is for \u201cNative Japanese Language Speakers\u201d only who reside in Japan.\n            2Business English level is required.\n            3Recruiting agencies are welcome to contact us.\n            4Preferably resides in Saitama or nearby.\n          \n        Company description\n        \n          DEISO is a Japan-based global environmental sustainability and sustainable development company that provides Environmental Engineering, Sustainability, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Environmental Consulting, and Human Resource Development (Training Services).\n        \n        Role description\n        \n          This is a part-time, in office\/hybrid\/remote \u201cPersonal Assistant to CEO\u201d role located in Saitama with some flexibility for remote work. As Personal Assistant to CEO, you will work closely with the CEO and other executives to keep day-to-day operations running smoothly, mainly the Japanese-based tasks. This includes filling out and submitting Japanese paperwork, data entry of our online platform for accounting (in Japanese), scheduling meetings, managing communications, arranging travel, and organizing events, among other duties, answering phone calls and faxes, and sending faxes, all in Japanese as well Japanese-English and English-Japanese translation.\n        \n        Qualifications\n        \n          Bachelor\u2019s degree.\n          Proven experience as a Personal Assistant or similar administrative role is preferable.\n          Excellent organizational and time management skills, including the ability to multitask and prioritize tasks effectively.\n          Strong communication and interpersonal skills.\n          Proficiency in Microsoft Office and other relevant software tools.\n          Flexibility and adaptability in a fast-paced environment.\n          Eyes on details.\n          Polite attitude.\n          Meeting the task\u2019s deadlines.\" data-s=\"Hiring a Personal Assistant\" data-d=\"1694936089\" data-m=\"1786539859\" data-cat=\"5\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/hiring-a-personal-assistant\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"597\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DEISO_hiring_cover_4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DEISO_hiring_cover_4.jpg 597w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DEISO_hiring_cover_4-175x300.jpg 175w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DEISO_hiring_cover_4-7x12.jpg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 597px) 100vw, 597px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Jobs<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Jobs<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">17 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/hiring-a-personal-assistant\">Hiring a Personal Assistant<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Careers Hiring a Personal Assistant: DEISO is urgently seeking and employing a personal assistant for DEISO CEO (dei.so): (1) Native Japanese speaker, (2) business-level English speaker, and (3)\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/hiring-a-personal-assistant\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Hiring a Personal Assistant\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in GHG Verification: Lead Verifier Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) Featured News News News\n        Enterprise capacity building in GHG verification: lead verifier training program and courses run for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC)\n        \n          DEISO supported Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) through a structured enterprise capacity building engagement, run as the \u201cGHG Lead Verifier Training Program\u201d, a specialized training program and professional courses conducted at the organization\u2019s headquarters.\n        \n          Engagement at a glance\n          \n            Client: Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC)\n            16 participants \u2014 management-level staff, engineers, and environmental specialists\n            Onsite at the organization\u2019s headquarters\n            Five days \u2014 intensive, implementation-focused\n            Third capacity-building program run for the organization in 2023\n          \n        \n          The program was attended by 16 professionals, including management-level participants, engineers, and environmental specialists, and was built to strengthen internal capability in greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting, verification, and reporting.\n        \n        \n          The training program and courses were run over five days, providing an intensive, implementation-focused learning environment aligned with real operational and regulatory contexts.\n        \n        \n          As part of DEISO\u2019s continued collaboration, this engagement represents the third capacity-building program run for the organization in 2023, reflecting an ongoing effort to strengthen internal sustainability systems and verification capability.\n        \n        \n          Beyond knowledge transfer, the program focused on building practical implementation capability, letting participants interpret carbon data, apply verification methodologies, and support internal alignment with international standards and review readiness requirements.\n        \n        \n          Through this capacity-building approach, DEISO supports organizations in developing the internal expertise required for sustainability execution, regulatory alignment, and long-term operational integration of GHG management systems.\n        \n          Learn more\n          DEISO\u2019s GHG Lead Verifier training programs and courses:\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/lead-ghg-verifier-training-program\n        \n          DEISO LLC, Japan \u2014 20 August 2023\n          https:\/\/dei.so\" data-s=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in GHG Verification: Lead Verifier Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC)\" data-d=\"1692602895\" data-m=\"1786375184\" data-cat=\"987,7\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/a-training-program-for-greenhouse-ghg-accounting-entitled-ghg-lead-verifier-training-program-was-delivered-at-the-headquarter-of-saudi-electricity-company-sec\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"296\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/headquarters-768x296.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/headquarters-768x296.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/headquarters-300x116.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/headquarters-18x7.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/headquarters.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Featured News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Featured News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">21 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/a-training-program-for-greenhouse-ghg-accounting-entitled-ghg-lead-verifier-training-program-was-delivered-at-the-headquarter-of-saudi-electricity-company-sec\">Enterprise Capacity Building in GHG Verification: Lead Verifier Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Enterprise capacity building in GHG verification: lead verifier training program and courses run for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) DEISO supported Saudi Energy (formerly\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/a-training-program-for-greenhouse-ghg-accounting-entitled-ghg-lead-verifier-training-program-was-delivered-at-the-headquarter-of-saudi-electricity-company-sec\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Enterprise Capacity Building in GHG Verification: Lead Verifier Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training was delivered at Riyadh\u2019s Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) Featured News News News\n        Enterprise capacity building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): professional training program and courses run for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) in Riyadh\n        \n          DEISO supported Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) through a structured enterprise capacity building engagement, run as an onsite Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training program and professional courses at its headquarters in Riyadh.\n        \n          Engagement at a glance\n          \n            Client: Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC)\n            16 participants \u2014 managers, engineers, and professionals\n            Onsite at the headquarters in Riyadh\n            9\u201313 July 2023 \u2014 five business days\n            Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training program and professional courses\n          \n        \n          The training program and courses were attended by 16 managers, engineers, and professionals, and were built to strengthen internal capability in LCA methodology, environmental impact assessment, and life cycle-based decision-making.\n        \n        \n          The program was conducted over five business days, from 9 to 13 July 2023, providing an intensive and implementation-focused learning environment aligned with real-world sustainability and operational contexts.\n        \n        \n          Beyond knowledge transfer, the engagement focused on building practical implementation capability, letting participants structure LCA models, interpret environmental data, and integrate life cycle thinking into internal systems and processes.\n        \n        \n          Through this capacity-building approach, DEISO supports organizations in developing the internal expertise required for sustainability execution, reporting, and long-term operational integration of LCA practices.\n        \n          Learn more\n          Our LCA training programs and courses:\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/deiso-life-cycle-assessment-lca-professional-training-programs\/\n          Our LCA services:\n          http:\/\/lca.dei.so\n        DEISO LLC\" data-s=\"Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training was delivered at Riyadh\u2019s Saudi Electricity Company (SEC)\" data-d=\"1689839059\" data-m=\"1786375538\" data-cat=\"987,7\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-lca-training-was-delivered-at-riyadhs-saudi-electricity-company-sec\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"296\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/headquarters-768x296.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/headquarters-768x296.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/headquarters-300x116.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/headquarters-18x7.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/headquarters.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Featured News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Featured News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">20 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-lca-training-was-delivered-at-riyadhs-saudi-electricity-company-sec\">Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training was delivered at Riyadh\u2019s Saudi Electricity Company (SEC)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Enterprise capacity building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): professional training program and courses run for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) in Riyadh DEISO supported\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-lca-training-was-delivered-at-riyadhs-saudi-electricity-company-sec\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training was delivered at Riyadh\u2019s Saudi Electricity Company (SEC)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Capacity Building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Waste Management: Training Program and Courses Delivered at the University of Doha for Science and Technology (UDST), Qatar Featured News News News\n        Capacity building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for waste management: training program and courses run at the University of Doha for Science and Technology (UDST), Qatar\n        \n          DEISO supported the University of Doha for Science and Technology (UDST) in Qatar through a focused capacity building engagement, run as an onsite Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training program and professional courses.\n        \n          Engagement at a glance\n          \n            Host: University of Doha for Science and Technology (UDST), Qatar\n            11 participants \u2014 students, lecturers, and professors\n            19\u201323 June 2023 \u2014 five business days\n            Customized for waste management modeling in LCA\n          \n        \n          The program was conducted over five business days, from 19 to 23 June 2023, and was attended by 11 participants, including students, lecturers, and professors.\n        \n        \n          The training program and courses were specifically customized for waste management modeling in Life Cycle Assessment, providing participants with both methodological understanding and practical capability in applying LCA approaches within academic and applied research contexts.\n        \n        \n          Beyond theoretical learning, the engagement focused on building practical implementation capability, letting participants structure LCA models, analyze environmental impacts, and apply life cycle thinking to waste management systems and sustainability challenges.\n        \n        \n          Through this capacity-building approach, DEISO supports academic and institutional partners in strengthening internal expertise and their ability to apply LCA methodologies in research, education, and real-world sustainability applications.\n        \n          Learn more\n          University of Doha for Science and Technology: https:\/\/www.udst.edu.qa\" data-s=\"Capacity Building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Waste Management: Training Program and Courses Delivered at the University of Doha for Science and Technology (UDST), Qatar\" data-d=\"1688164450\" data-m=\"1786375594\" data-cat=\"987,7\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-delivered-on-site-training-at-at-the-university-of-doha-for-science-and-technology-udst-qatar\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"678\" height=\"452\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/img_0709.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/img_0709.jpg 678w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/img_0709-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/img_0709-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 678px) 100vw, 678px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Featured News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Featured News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">1 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-delivered-on-site-training-at-at-the-university-of-doha-for-science-and-technology-udst-qatar\">Capacity Building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Waste Management: Training Program and Courses Delivered at the University of Doha for Science and Technology (UDST), Qatar<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Capacity building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for waste management: training program and courses run at the University of Doha for Science and Technology (UDST), Qatar DEISO\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/deiso-delivered-on-site-training-at-at-the-university-of-doha-for-science-and-technology-udst-qatar\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Capacity Building in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Waste Management: Training Program and Courses Delivered at the University of Doha for Science and Technology (UDST), Qatar\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in ESG: 5-Day Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) in Riyadh Featured News News News\n        Enterprise capacity building in ESG: five-day training program and courses run for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) in Riyadh\n        \n          DEISO supported Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) through a structured enterprise capacity building engagement, run as a five-day onsite Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) training program and professional courses at its Riyadh headquarters on 12 May 2023.\n        \n          Engagement at a glance\n          \n            Client: Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC)\n            16 participants \u2014 one director, twelve managers, and three engineers\n            Onsite at the Riyadh headquarters\n            12 May 2023 \u2014 five-day program\n            ESG training program and professional courses\n          \n        \n          The program was attended by a diverse group of professionals, including one director, twelve managers, and three engineers, reflecting a cross-functional effort to strengthen internal ESG capability at both strategic and operational levels.\n        \n        \n          The training program and courses focused on building a strong foundation in ESG frameworks, reporting practices, and sustainability integration, letting participants better understand and apply ESG principles within organizational systems and decision-making processes.\n        \n        \n          Beyond knowledge transfer, the engagement emphasized practical implementation capability, supporting participants in translating ESG concepts into structured internal processes, reporting workflows, and actionable sustainability strategies.\n        \n        \n          Through this capacity-building approach, DEISO supports organizations in developing the internal expertise required for sustainability execution, ESG reporting, and long-term organizational alignment with global environmental and governance standards.\n        \n          Learn more\n          Our ESG training programs and courses:\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/specialist-training-program-of-environment-social-and-governance-esg-reporting\n          Request a quotation\n          DEISO runs ESG training programs and courses globally, including in Japan, internationally onsite, and through remote learning formats. For inquiries or to request a quotation:\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/quote-request\n        \n          DEISO LLC\n          https:\/\/dei.so\n          info@deiso.co.jp\" data-s=\"Enterprise Capacity Building in ESG: 5-Day Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) in Riyadh\" data-d=\"1684325570\" data-m=\"1786375675\" data-cat=\"987,7\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/suadi-electricity-companys-5-day-esg-on-site-training-was-successfully-delivered-through-deiso\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/SEC_DEISO_ESG-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/SEC_DEISO_ESG-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/SEC_DEISO_ESG-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/SEC_DEISO_ESG-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/SEC_DEISO_ESG-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/SEC_DEISO_ESG.jpg 1448w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Featured News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Featured News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">17 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/suadi-electricity-companys-5-day-esg-on-site-training-was-successfully-delivered-through-deiso\">Enterprise Capacity Building in ESG: 5-Day Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) in Riyadh<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Enterprise capacity building in ESG: five-day training program and courses run for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) in Riyadh DEISO supported Saudi Energy (formerly\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/suadi-electricity-companys-5-day-esg-on-site-training-was-successfully-delivered-through-deiso\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Enterprise Capacity Building in ESG: 5-Day Training Program and Courses Delivered for Saudi Energy (formerly Saudi Electricity Company \u2013 SEC) in Riyadh\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Chemical Synthesis from Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Background\n        \n          Carbon dioxide is a colourless gas present in the atmosphere at approximately 0.04 percent by volume, or around 420 parts per million. The molecule contains three atoms \u2014 one carbon bonded to two oxygens in a linear, symmetrical arrangement, which is why it has no net dipole moment despite the polarity of each individual bond.\n        \n        \n          It arises from three broad sources. Aerobic organisms produce it during respiration, and it is also generated by the microbial breakdown of organic matter. Combustion of fossil fuels \u2014 coal, oil, gasoline, and natural gas \u2014 produces the bulk of anthropogenic emissions. And it is released as a process emission in industrial operations such as cement and lime manufacture, where carbonates are decomposed thermally.\n        \n        \n          Rather than being vented, CO\u2082 can be used as a chemical feedstock. It is already consumed industrially at scale in urea production, and a range of catalytic routes convert it into fuels, solvents, polymers, and intermediates. This article sets out those routes with their reaction chemistry.\n        \n          The thermodynamic starting point\n          \n            CO\u2082 is the fully oxidised, thermodynamically stable form of carbon. Converting it into anything more useful therefore requires an energy input \u2014 usually as hydrogen, electricity, or heat. This single fact governs every route below: the chemistry works, and the question is always where the energy comes from and at what cost.\n          \n        Carbon dioxide utilisation methods\n        \n          Several classes of technology convert carbon dioxide into valuable chemical compounds. Each differs in the energy input required, the products accessible, the reaction rate, and the maturity of the technology.\n        \n        Thermocatalytic conversion\n        \n          Heat and pressure over a solid catalyst drive CO\u2082 and hydrogen to products such as methanol, methane, dimethyl ether, and longer-chain hydrocarbons. This is the most industrially established class, since it uses reactor designs, catalysts, and engineering practice already familiar from conventional syngas chemistry.\n        \n        \n          Routes to hydrocarbons typically proceed through carbon monoxide, produced by the reverse water-gas shift reaction, which is then converted by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.\n        \n          Reverse water-gas shift\n          CO2 + H2 \u21cc CO + H2O\n          Endothermic; favoured at high temperature, typically above 700\u00a0\u00b0C over Fe- or Ni-based catalysts.\n          Fischer-Tropsch synthesis\n          (2n + 1) H2 + n CO \u2192 CnH2n+2 + n H2O\n          Fe or Co catalysts, roughly 200\u2013350\u00a0\u00b0C and 10\u201340\u00a0bar; product chain length depends on catalyst and conditions.\n        Direct electrochemical reduction\n        \n          Applying a potential across an electrode in contact with CO\u2082 drives its reduction to products including carbon monoxide, formate, methanol, methane, ethylene, and ethanol. Which product forms depends principally on the catalyst material and the applied potential \u2014 silver and gold favour CO, tin and bismuth favour formate, and copper is the only metal that produces multi-carbon products in significant quantity.\n        \n          Electrochemical half-reactions at the cathode\n          CO2 + 2H+ + 2e\u2212 \u2192 CO + H2O\n          CO2 + 2H+ + 2e\u2212 \u2192 HCOOH\n          CO2 + 6H+ + 6e\u2212 \u2192 CH3OH + H2O\n          2CO2 + 12H+ + 12e\u2212 \u2192 C2H4 + 4H2O\n          The corresponding anode reaction is normally water oxidation: 2H2O \u2192 O2 + 4H+ + 4e\u2212.\n        \n          Powered by renewable electricity, this route avoids the emissions associated with fossil-derived hydrogen. Its current limitations are the ones that keep it from commercial scale: low current density and therefore low throughput per unit of electrode area, competition from the hydrogen evolution reaction which lowers faradaic efficiency, catalyst and membrane durability, and the cost of separating dilute products from the electrolyte.\n        \n        Photocatalytic reduction\n        \n          A semiconductor photocatalyst \u2014 commonly titanium dioxide, often doped with transition metals or coupled with other oxides to extend absorption into the visible range \u2014 absorbs light and generates electron-hole pairs. The electrons reduce CO\u2082 at the catalyst surface, while the holes oxidise water. Reported products include carbon monoxide, formate, methanol, and methane.\n        \n          Photocatalytic reduction, overall\n          CO2 + 2H2O \u00a0\u2192\u00a0h\u03bd, catalyst\u00a0 CH3OH + \u2083\u2044\u2082O2\n          CO2 + 2H2O \u00a0\u2192\u00a0h\u03bd, catalyst\u00a0 CH4 + 2O2\n          Requires only a light source rather than external heating, which makes it attractive in principle. Quantum efficiencies and product yields remain low, and the technology is at laboratory and pilot scale.\n        Microbial and enzymatic conversion\n        \n          Certain microorganisms fix CO\u2082 directly into organic products. Acetogenic bacteria such as Clostridium species convert CO\u2082 and hydrogen, or syngas, into acetate and ethanol. Methanogenic archaea produce methane. Engineered strains and cyanobacteria have been developed to produce a range of target metabolites.\n        \n          Acetogenesis and methanogenesis\n          2CO2 + 4H2 \u2192 CH3COOH + 2H2O\n          CO2 + 4H2 \u2192 CH4 + 2H2O\n          Ambient temperature and pressure, which is the principal attraction. Constraints are low volumetric productivity, dilute product streams, and the cost of downstream separation.\n        \n          Enzymatic routes use isolated enzymes rather than whole cells \u2014 carbonic anhydrase to accelerate CO\u2082 hydration, or formate dehydrogenase to reduce CO\u2082 to formate. These operate under mild conditions with high selectivity, but enzyme stability, cofactor regeneration, and cost remain the barriers to scale.\n        \n        How the methods compare\n        Conversion routes at a glance\n          \n            \n              \n                Route\n                Energy input\n                Typical products\n                Main constraint\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Thermocatalytic\n                Heat, pressure, hydrogen\n                Methanol, methane, DME, hydrocarbons\n                Requires large volumes of low-carbon hydrogen\n              \n              \n                Electrochemical\n                Electricity\n                CO, formate, methanol, ethylene, ethanol\n                Low current density, selectivity, and catalyst durability\n              \n              \n                Photocatalytic\n                Light\n                CO, formate, methanol, methane\n                Low quantum efficiency; early stage\n              \n              \n                Microbial and enzymatic\n                Hydrogen or organic substrate; ambient conditions\n                Acetate, ethanol, methane, formate, biomass\n                Low productivity and dilute product streams\n              \n              \n                Mineralisation\n                Low \u2014 exothermic\n                Carbonates for construction materials\n                Requires suitable mineral feedstock; low product value\n              \n            \n          \n        Examples of chemical synthesis from carbon dioxide\n        \n          1\n            Methanol synthesis. CO\u2082 is hydrogenated over a copper-zinc oxide-alumina catalyst. Water is a co-product and must be removed to drive conversion.\n              CO2 hydrogenation to methanol\n              CO2 + 3H2 \u21cc CH3OH + H2O\n              Cu\/ZnO\/Al2O3 catalyst, approximately 200\u2013300\u00a0\u00b0C and 50\u2013100\u00a0bar. Exothermic and equilibrium-limited, so unreacted gas is recycled.\n          \n          2\n            Methanation (the Sabatier reaction). A distinct reaction producing methane rather than methanol, used in power-to-gas systems to make synthetic natural gas.\n              Sabatier reaction\n              CO2 + 4H2 \u2192 CH4 + 2H2O\n              Ni or Ru catalyst, approximately 300\u2013400\u00a0\u00b0C. Strongly exothermic; heat removal governs reactor design.\n          \n          3\n            Formic acid production. Obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of CO\u2082, usually in the presence of a base to shift the equilibrium, or electrochemically on tin, bismuth, or lead cathodes.\n              Formic acid\n              CO2 + H2 \u21cc HCOOH\n              CO2 + 2H+ + 2e\u2212 \u2192 HCOOH \u00a0\u00a0(electrochemical)\n              Homogeneous Ru or Ir catalysts with an amine base; the free acid is recovered from the resulting formate salt.\n          \n          4\n            Oxalate formation. Produced by electrochemical reductive coupling of two CO\u2082 molecules in aprotic solvent, forming the carbon-carbon bond directly.\n              Reductive coupling to oxalate\n              2CO2 + 2e\u2212 \u2192 C2O42\u2212\n              Aprotic electrolyte; the oxalate is subsequently isolated as its alkali or alkaline earth salt.\n          \n          5\n            Urea synthesis. The largest existing industrial use of CO\u2082 as a feedstock, consuming CO\u2082 from the ammonia plant itself. It proceeds through ammonium carbamate.\n              Bosch-Meiser urea process\n              2NH3 + CO2 \u2192 NH2COONH4\n              NH2COONH4 \u2192 (NH2)2CO + H2O\n              Overall: \u00a0 2NH3 + CO2 \u2192 (NH2)2CO + H2O\n              Approximately 150\u2013200\u00a0\u00b0C and 150\u2013250\u00a0bar. The first step is exothermic, the second endothermic.\n          \n          6\n            Carbonic acid and carbonates. CO\u2082 dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, which dissociates. This equilibrium underlies carbonated beverages, ocean acidification, and mineral carbonation.\n              Aqueous carbonate equilibrium\n              CO2 + H2O \u21cc H2CO3 \u21cc H+ + HCO3\u2212 \u21cc 2H+ + CO32\u2212\n          \n          7\n            Dimethyl ether (DME). Made by dehydrating methanol, or directly from CO\u2082 and hydrogen over a bifunctional catalyst combining methanol synthesis and dehydration functions.\n              Methanol dehydration and the direct route\n              2CH3OH \u2192 CH3OCH3 + H2O\n              2CO2 + 6H2 \u2192 CH3OCH3 + 3H2O\n              Dehydration over \u03b3-alumina or a zeolite at approximately 250\u2013400\u00a0\u00b0C; the direct route runs at similar conditions to methanol synthesis.\n          \n          8\n            Cyclic and polymeric carbonates. CO\u2082 reacts with epoxides to give cyclic carbonates, or copolymerises with them to give polycarbonates. This is the principal route by which CO\u2082 is incorporated directly into a polymer backbone, and it is commercially operating.\n              Epoxide routes\n              CO2 + C3H6O \u2192 C4H6O3 \u00a0\u00a0(propylene oxide \u2192 propylene carbonate)\n              n CO2 + n C3H6O \u2192 [\u2013OCH(CH3)CH2OC(O)\u2013]n\n              Zinc, cobalt, or chromium complexes as catalyst; mild temperatures and moderate CO2 pressure. Up to roughly 40\u00a0percent of the polymer mass can be CO2-derived.\n          \n          9\n            Dimethyl carbonate (DMC). Directly from methanol and CO\u2082, giving a route that avoids phosgene entirely. Equilibrium is unfavourable, so the water produced must be removed continuously.\n              Direct DMC synthesis\n              2CH3OH + CO2 \u21cc (CH3O)2CO + H2O\n              Ceria or zirconia-based catalysts with a dehydrating agent. DMC is used as a solvent, a methylating and carbonylating agent, an electrolyte component in lithium-ion batteries, and a precursor to polycarbonate.\n          \n          10\n            Salicylic acid (Kolbe-Schmitt reaction). A long-established industrial carboxylation using CO\u2082, and the route to the precursor of aspirin.\n              Kolbe-Schmitt carboxylation\n              C6H5ONa + CO2 \u2192 C6H4(OH)COONa\n              Sodium phenoxide under approximately 100\u00a0bar CO2 at 125\u00a0\u00b0C; acidification liberates salicylic acid.\n          \n          11\n            Mineral carbonation. CO\u2082 reacts with alkaline earth oxides and silicates to form stable carbonates \u2014 the only utilisation route in which the carbon is permanently bound.\n              Carbonation reactions\n              CaO + CO2 \u2192 CaCO3\n              Mg2SiO4 + 2CO2 \u2192 2MgCO3 + SiO2\n              Exothermic and thermodynamically favourable; the challenge is reaction rate, addressed by grinding, elevated temperature and pressure, or aqueous routes.\n          \n        \n          \n            Across all of these routes, the deciding variable is the same: CO\u2082 is thermodynamically stable, so every conversion consumes energy or hydrogen. Whether a given synthesis reduces emissions depends on the carbon intensity of that input and on the fate of the product, not on the chemistry alone.\n          \n  \n      Peer-reviewed research\n      The underlying research\n      \n        Direct dimethyl carbonate synthesis from CO\u2082 and methanol catalyzed by CeO\u2082 and assisted by 2-cyanopyridine: a cradle-to-gate greenhouse gas emission study\n      \n      \n        This peer-reviewed study, co-authored by Dr. Mahdi Ikhlayel, DEISO\u2019s Sustainability Director, was published in Green Chemistry by the Royal Society of Chemistry. It examines the direct DMC route described above and assesses it on a cradle-to-gate greenhouse gas basis \u2014 the point at which CO\u2082 utilisation chemistry has to be judged on life cycle evidence rather than potential alone.\n      \n      \n        This is the technical foundation DEISO brings to CO\u2082 utilisation work: process chemistry evaluated against life cycle evidence, and assessments that hold up under external review.\n      \n      \n        Green Chemistry, Royal Society of Chemistry, volume 23, issue 1, page 457.\n      \n        Read the paper \u2192\n        About Dr. Mahdi Ikhlayel \u2192\n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Chemical Synthesis from Carbon Dioxide (CO2)\" data-d=\"1674629176\" data-m=\"1786559001\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/chemical-synthesis-from-carbon-dioxide-co2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Chemical_Synthesis_from_Carbon-Dioxide_co2-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Chemical_Synthesis_from_Carbon-Dioxide_co2-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Chemical_Synthesis_from_Carbon-Dioxide_co2-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Chemical_Synthesis_from_Carbon-Dioxide_co2-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Chemical_Synthesis_from_Carbon-Dioxide_co2.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Chemical_Synthesis_from_Carbon-Dioxide_co2-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">25 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 9 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/chemical-synthesis-from-carbon-dioxide-co2\">Chemical Synthesis from Carbon Dioxide (CO2)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Background Carbon dioxide is a colourless gas present in the atmosphere at approximately 0.04 percent by volume, or around 420 parts per million. The molecule contains\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/chemical-synthesis-from-carbon-dioxide-co2\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Chemical Synthesis from Carbon Dioxide (CO2)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"What is The Difference Between Biogenic and Non-Biogenic Carbon? Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Overview\n        \n          Carbon is the building block of all organic compounds and moves continuously between living organisms, the atmosphere, the oceans, and the geological record. In carbon accounting and life cycle assessment, that carbon is separated into two categories \u2014 biogenic, originating in living biomass, and non-biogenic or fossil, originating in geological reservoirs.\n        \n          \n            The distinction is not chemical. A molecule of CO\u2082 from burning wood is identical to a molecule of CO\u2082 from burning coal, and both trap the same amount of heat. The distinction is about where the carbon came from and how quickly it returns \u2014 and that difference is what determines how each is treated in a carbon footprint, an EPD, or a corporate inventory.\n          \n        \n          This article defines both categories, gives practical examples across sectors, and explains how each is handled under ISO 14067, ISO 14040\/14044, EN 15804, and the GHG Protocol \u2014 because getting this wrong is one of the most common errors in a product carbon footprint.\n        \n        Biogenic carbon\n        \n          Biogenic carbon is carbon that was fixed from atmospheric CO\u2082 by living organisms through photosynthesis, and is held in biomass \u2014 plants, trees, crops, animals, and the organic matter derived from them. It participates in the short carbon cycle, moving between atmosphere and biosphere over timescales ranging from a single growing season to a century or more, depending on the organism.\n        \n        \n          Because it was recently removed from the atmosphere, releasing it returns carbon that the atmosphere gave up in the recent past. Where the biomass source regrows, the release and the uptake balance over the growth cycle. Where it does not regrow, that balance breaks \u2014 which is the central caveat of the whole subject.\n        \n        Practical examples of biogenic carbon\n        \n          Timber and engineered wood \u2014 structural timber, CLT, plywood, and particleboard, which store biogenic carbon for the service life of the building.\n          Paper, board, and packaging \u2014 short-lived storage, with carbon released at end of life through decomposition or incineration.\n          Natural fibres \u2014 cotton, wool, jute, hemp, and viscose from wood pulp.\n          Bio-based plastics \u2014 PLA from corn starch, bio-PE from sugarcane ethanol, bio-PET.\n          Biofuels \u2014 bioethanol, biodiesel, HVO, and biomethane from anaerobic digestion.\n          Biomass energy \u2014 wood pellets, forestry residues, bagasse, and black liquor burned in pulp mills.\n          Food and agricultural products \u2014 all crops, livestock products, and the carbon in food waste.\n          Organic waste streams \u2014 the biogenic fraction of municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, and green waste.\n          Biochar \u2014 biomass carbon converted to a stable form and applied to soil, where the storage is long-lived.\n          Natural rubber, cork, bamboo, and starch-based adhesives.\n        \n        Non-biogenic (fossil) carbon\n        \n          Non-biogenic carbon is carbon held in geological reservoirs \u2014 coal, oil, natural gas, peat in some accounting frameworks, and mineral carbonates such as limestone. It also originated in living organisms, but hundreds of millions of years ago, and it has been isolated from the atmosphere ever since. It moves in the long carbon cycle, over timescales of millions of years.\n        \n        \n          Burning or processing it transfers carbon from that long-term reservoir into the atmosphere on a timescale of seconds, with no corresponding uptake on any human-relevant horizon. That is the entire basis of the climate problem: a one-way flow from geology into the atmosphere.\n        \n        Practical examples of non-biogenic carbon\n        \n          Fossil fuels \u2014 coal, crude oil, diesel, petrol, natural gas, LPG, and petroleum coke.\n          Conventional plastics and polymers \u2014 PE, PP, PET, PVC, polystyrene, and synthetic rubber.\n          Petrochemicals \u2014 ethylene, propylene, methanol, solvents, and the chemical intermediates derived from them.\n          Process CO\u2082 from cement \u2014 released when limestone is calcined to produce clinker, chemically rather than from combustion.\n          Process CO\u2082 from lime, glass, and soda ash production, from the same carbonate decomposition.\n          Metallurgical coke and carbon anodes \u2014 in steel and aluminium production, acting as reductant rather than fuel.\n          Bitumen, asphalt, lubricants, and waxes.\n          Synthetic fertilisers and industrial gases made from natural gas feedstock.\n          Carbon black, graphite, and synthetic fibres such as polyester, nylon, and acrylic.\n          Volcanic and geological CO\u2082 \u2014 a natural non-biogenic flux, though not anthropogenic.\n        \n        The two compared\n        Biogenic and non-biogenic carbon\n          \n            \n              \n                Aspect\n                Biogenic\n                Non-biogenic (fossil)\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Origin\n                Recently fixed from atmospheric CO\u2082 by photosynthesis\n                Geological reservoirs formed over millions of years\n              \n              \n                Cycle\n                Short carbon cycle \u2014 seasons to centuries\n                Long carbon cycle \u2014 millions of years\n              \n              \n                Effect of release\n                Returns carbon the biosphere recently absorbed; balanced only if the source regrows\n                Adds carbon to the active cycle that was previously isolated from it\n              \n              \n                Radiative effect of the molecule\n                Identical \u2014 CO\u2082 is CO\u2082\n                Identical \u2014 CO\u2082 is CO\u2082\n              \n              \n                Standard treatment\n                Reported separately; often characterised at zero net under the \u00b11 convention\n                Fully counted in the carbon footprint at the applicable GWP\n              \n              \n                Key risk in accounting\n                Assuming carbon neutrality without confirming regrowth or land use change\n                Omitting process emissions that are not from combustion\n              \n            \n          \n        How LCA handles the distinction\n        \n          This is where the difference stops being academic. Every product carbon footprint, EPD, and corporate inventory has to decide how to treat biogenic carbon, and the choice materially changes the result.\n        \n        The \u00b11 convention\n        \n          The standard approach records biogenic carbon uptake and release as a matched pair. Carbon absorbed into biomass enters the inventory as a negative flow; carbon released at end of life enters as a positive one.\n        \n          CO\u2082biogenic uptake = \u22121 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CO\u2082biogenic release = +1 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Net = 0\n          \n            Over a full cradle-to-grave boundary with sustainable regrowth, the two cancel. This is the \u201ccarbon neutral biomass\u201d assumption \u2014 and it holds only when the boundary is complete and the biomass genuinely regrows.\n          \n        Separate reporting is mandatory\n        \n          Under ISO 14067, biogenic and fossil contributions must be reported separately, not merged into a single figure. EN 15804+A2, which governs construction EPDs, requires the same, with biogenic carbon content declared and uptake and release allocated to defined modules. A carbon footprint that presents one combined number without disclosing the split is not compliant with either.\n        \n        Where the neutrality assumption breaks\n        \n          1Cradle-to-gate boundaries. If the study stops at the factory gate, biogenic uptake is counted but the eventual release is not \u2014 producing an artificially negative footprint. This is the single most common way biogenic accounting is abused.\n          2No regrowth. If forest is cleared and not replanted, or harvest exceeds growth, the uptake never happens and neutrality is fiction.\n          3Timing. A tree releases its carbon in an hour of combustion and takes decades to be reabsorbed. The atmosphere carries the extra CO\u2082 throughout that gap, producing real warming that a net-zero characterisation records as nothing.\n          4Biogenic methane. When biogenic carbon decomposes anaerobically \u2014 in landfill, in a digester, or in ruminant digestion \u2014 it is released as CH\u2084, not CO\u2082. Methane has a far higher global warming potential, so the release is not neutral even though the carbon is biogenic. Biogenic CH\u2084 must always be counted.\n          5Land use change. Converting forest or grassland to cropland releases soil and vegetation carbon that sits outside the product\u2019s own carbon balance and frequently dwarfs it.\n        \n          The claim that fails review\n          \n            \u201cOur product is carbon negative because it is bio-based.\u201d This is only defensible with a cradle-to-grave boundary, evidence of sustainable sourcing and regrowth, land use change accounted for, and the storage duration stated. Without those four, it is a cradle-to-gate artefact.\n          \n        Timing and GWP-bio\n        \n          Because the delay between release and reabsorption produces real radiative forcing, dynamic LCA methods and GWP-bio characterisation factors have been developed to account for it. These assign a non-zero value to biogenic CO\u2082 based on the rotation period of the biomass \u2014 short for annual crops, substantial for slow-growing forest. They are not yet default practice, but they are increasingly expected where the rotation period is long and the claim is significant.\n        \n        Carbon storage in products\n        \n          Where biogenic carbon is held in a durable product \u2014 timber in a building, for instance \u2014 the storage is real but temporary, and standards require the duration to be declared rather than treated as permanent removal. EN 15804 handles this through module-level reporting; ISO 14067 requires the storage period and the end-of-life fate to be stated.\n        \n        Worked examples: how the split appears in practice\n        Biogenic and fossil carbon in real product systems\n          \n            \n              \n                Product system\n                Biogenic carbon\n                Non-biogenic carbon\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Timber-framed building\n                Carbon stored in structural timber for the building\u2019s service life; released at demolition\n                Diesel in forestry and haulage, kiln drying energy, adhesives, fixings, concrete foundations\n              \n              \n                Paper packaging\n                Fibre carbon; released at incineration or in landfill decomposition\n                Pulping and drying energy where fossil-fuelled, chemicals, coatings, transport\n              \n              \n                PLA bioplastic\n                Carbon in the polymer from corn starch; released on composting or incineration\n                Fertiliser, farm machinery, fermentation and polymerisation energy, land use change if applicable\n              \n              \n                Bioethanol fuel\n                CO\u2082 from combustion of the ethanol itself\n                Cultivation, fertiliser (which also drives N\u2082O), distillation heat, transport\n              \n              \n                Cement and concrete\n                Only where biomass fuels are co-fired in the kiln\n                Calcination process CO\u2082 from limestone plus fossil kiln fuel \u2014 the process share is the majority\n              \n              \n                Steel via blast furnace\n                Negligible, unless charcoal replaces coke\n                Coking coal as reductant, sinter plant fuel, electricity\n              \n              \n                Municipal waste incineration\n                Food, paper, garden, and textile fractions \u2014 reported separately\n                Plastics and synthetic textiles \u2014 this fraction determines the plant\u2019s reportable emissions\n              \n              \n                Landfill\n                Organic fraction, largely released as biogenic methane \u2014 counted, not neutral\n                Site energy and equipment; plastics largely inert\n              \n              \n                Dairy or beef production\n                Feed carbon; enteric fermentation releases biogenic methane \u2014 counted in full\n                Fertiliser, farm fuel, refrigeration, processing and transport\n              \n              \n                Cotton versus polyester textile\n                Cotton fibre carbon\n                Polyester is entirely fossil-derived; cotton carries irrigation, fertiliser, and processing energy\n              \n            \n          \n          A pattern worth noticing\n          \n            In most bio-based product systems, the fossil carbon in cultivation, processing, and transport is what actually decides the footprint \u2014 not the biogenic carbon in the material. A bio-based product made with fossil-powered processing can carry a higher footprint than the conventional product it replaces.\n          \n        How the frameworks treat it\n        \n          ISO 14067 \u2014 requires biogenic and fossil contributions to be quantified and reported separately, with carbon storage and its duration declared.\n          ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 \u2014 the framework governing boundary, functional unit, allocation, and the critical review that comparative claims require.\n          EN 15804+A2 \u2014 mandates declaration of biogenic carbon content in construction products and allocates uptake and release across defined life cycle modules.\n          GHG Protocol \u2014 biogenic CO\u2082 from combustion is reported separately from the scopes, while biogenic CH\u2084 and N\u2082O are reported within them.\n          IPCC guidelines \u2014 national inventories account for biomass carbon in the land use sector rather than the energy sector, to avoid double counting.\n          PAS 2050 and the GHG Protocol Product Standard \u2014 parallel product-level guidance with their own biogenic treatment rules.\n        \n        Summary\n        \n          Biogenic and non-biogenic carbon are chemically identical and climatically different, because of where the carbon came from and how quickly it goes back. Fossil carbon moves one way, from a reservoir isolated for millions of years into the active cycle. Biogenic carbon circulates, and can be genuinely near-neutral where the biomass regrows \u2014 but only where it regrows, only across a complete boundary, only where land use change is accounted for, and never when the release takes the form of methane.\n        \n        \n          For anyone producing a carbon footprint, the practical rules are short: report the two separately, take the boundary to end of life, count biogenic methane in full, evidence the sourcing, and state the storage duration rather than implying permanence. Those disclosures are what separate a defensible bio-based claim from one that will not survive review.\n        \n\n\n\n\nLCA project execution\nEnd-to-end Life Cycle Assessment delivery for products, systems, and value chains. Scientific rigor, structured workflows, and defensible, verification-ready deliverables.\nExplore service \u2192\n\n\n\n\nLCA critical review \u2014 ISO 14040 \/ 14044\nIndependent technical assessment of completed LCA studies. 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In carbon\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-the-difference-between-biogenic-and-non-biogenic-carbon\" aria-label=\"Read the article: What is The Difference Between Biogenic and Non-Biogenic Carbon?\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"What is Allocation and System Expansion in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Tutorials Multifunctionality\r\nAllocation and system expansion in life cycle assessment\r\nMost real production systems make more than one thing. A refinery yields a dozen fractions from one barrel. Chlor-alkali electrolysis yields sodium hydroxide, chlorine, and hydrogen simultaneously. A dairy yields milk and, eventually, meat. Recycling turns one system\u2019s waste into another\u2019s input.\r\n\r\nIn each case the LCA practitioner faces the same question: the process has one set of inputs and emissions, but several useful outputs. How much of that burden belongs to each? This is the multifunctionality problem, and allocation and system expansion are the two families of answer.\r\n\r\nIt matters because the choice is not marginal. On the same inventory data, switching from mass to economic allocation can move a co-product\u2019s carbon footprint by a factor of five or more. Two studies of the same product, both technically correct, can reach opposite conclusions purely on this decision. That is why ISO requires the choice to be justified, documented, and tested \u2014 not simply made.\r\n\r\nISO 14044\r\nThe allocation hierarchy is not optional\r\nISO 14044 clause 4.3.4.2 sets a strict order of preference. Practitioners frequently skip to step three because it is easiest; a reviewer will ask why steps one and two were not attempted.\r\n\r\n1\r\nAvoid allocation wherever possible\r\nEither by subdivision \u2014 breaking the multifunctional unit process into sub-processes and collecting separate data for each \u2014 or by system expansion, extending the boundary to include the additional functions. Subdivision is preferred where the plant data supports it, because it requires no assumptions at all.\r\n\r\n2\r\nAllocate on an underlying physical relationship\r\nWhere allocation cannot be avoided, partition the burden according to a physical property that genuinely reflects how the outputs drive the process \u2014 mass, energy content, stoichiometry, exergy. The word that does the work here is underlying: the property must have a causal relationship to the burden, not merely be measurable.\r\n\r\n3\r\nAllocate on another relationship\r\nWhere no physical relationship can be established, use another relationship \u2014 in practice, almost always economic value. This is the fallback, and it must be declared as such, with the reason the physical route was rejected.\r\n\r\nISO 14044 also requires that the sum of allocated inputs and outputs equals the unallocated inputs and outputs of the unit process. Any allocation scheme that loses or creates mass and energy is wrong, regardless of how defensible the factor looked.\r\n\r\nModelling frame\r\nAttributional or consequential \u2014 decide before you allocate\r\nThe allocation question sits downstream of a more fundamental one: what is the study for?\r\n\r\n \tAttributional modelling asks what share of global burdens belongs to this product as the system currently operates. It partitions existing flows, which means it allocates. This is the frame for EPDs, product carbon footprints under ISO 14067, and corporate reporting.\r\n \tConsequential modelling asks what changes if demand for this product changes. It follows marginal effects, which means it expands the system and credits avoided production. This is the frame for policy analysis and major investment decisions.\r\n\r\nMixing the two within one study is a common and serious error. Substitution credits inside an otherwise attributional model produce results that cannot be added to other attributional results \u2014 which defeats the purpose of a comparable declaration.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nPhysical allocation\r\nAllocation by mass: the worked mechanics\r\nMass allocation is the most common physical route and the easiest to execute. Every input to the unit process \u2014 energy, ancillary materials, water, emissions \u2014 is partitioned across the co-products in proportion to their mass output.\r\n\r\nConsider a unit process producing 700\u00a0kg of co-product A and 300\u00a0kg of co-product B per functional unit.\r\n\r\n\r\nFigure 1 \u2014 Unit process with two co-products, illustrating mass-based allocation.\r\nAllocation factor for A = 700 \u00f7 (700 + 300) = 0.70\r\n\r\nAllocation factor for B = 300 \u00f7 (700 + 300) = 0.30\r\n\r\n70% of every input, emission, and waste flow is assigned to A; 30% to B. The factors sum to 1.00, satisfying the ISO 14044 mass balance requirement.\r\n\r\nChoosing the property\r\nWhen mass is the wrong physical basis\r\nMass is convenient, not automatically causal. ISO asks for an underlying physical relationship, which means the partitioning property should reflect why the process consumes what it consumes. Mass fails that test in several recognisable situations:\r\n\r\n \tEnergy products. Refinery streams differ enormously in energy content per kilogram. Energy-content allocation reflects the function \u2014 delivering energy \u2014 far better than mass does.\r\n \tVery light high-value co-products. Hydrogen weighs almost nothing but carries substantial function and value. Mass allocation renders it nearly burden-free, which is not a defensible reflection of the process.\r\n \tChemically driven processes. Where output ratios are fixed by stoichiometry rather than by operational choice, the reaction equation, not the scale, defines the relationship.\r\n \tServices and non-material outputs. Waste treatment, storage, and transport have no meaningful output mass to partition on.\r\n\r\nAlternative physical bases\r\n\r\n \tEnergy content \u2014 lower or higher heating value, standard in fuel and refinery LCA\r\n \tExergy \u2014 captures thermodynamic quality rather than quantity; methodologically strong, rarely used because reviewers and readers find it opaque\r\n \tStoichiometry \u2014 where a fixed reaction determines the output ratio\r\n \tElemental content \u2014 carbon or nitrogen content, common in agricultural and food systems\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nWorked case\r\nChlor-alkali electrolysis: where the choice changes everything\r\nThe chlor-alkali process is the standard teaching case because its output ratio is fixed by chemistry, not by operational preference. Electrolysis of sodium chloride brine yields three co-products in a stoichiometrically determined ratio. A plant cannot make more caustic soda without also making proportionally more chlorine.\r\n\r\n\r\nFigure 2 \u2014 Chlor-alkali electrolysis: sodium hydroxide, chlorine, and hydrogen as fixed-ratio co-products.\r\nBy mass, the outputs are sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 52.3%, chlorine (Cl\u2082) at 46.4%, and hydrogen (H\u2082) at 1.3%. Sodium hydroxide is typically treated as the main product commercially, but all three have markets, so none can be dismissed as waste.\r\nComparison\r\nMass against economic allocation, on identical data\r\nTake a basis of 1,000\u00a0kg total product output: 523\u00a0kg NaOH, 464\u00a0kg Cl\u2082, 13\u00a0kg H\u2082. Now apply illustrative market prices of USD 400\/t for NaOH, USD 250\/t for Cl\u2082, and USD 2,000\/t for H\u2082.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nCo-product\r\nMass (kg)\r\nMass allocation\r\nRevenue (USD)\r\nEconomic allocation\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSodium hydroxide (NaOH)\r\n523\r\n52.3%\r\n209.20\r\n59.6%\r\n\r\n\r\nChlorine (Cl\u2082)\r\n464\r\n46.4%\r\n116.00\r\n33.0%\r\n\r\n\r\nHydrogen (H\u2082)\r\n13\r\n1.3%\r\n26.00\r\n7.4%\r\n\r\n\r\nTotal\r\n1,000\r\n100.0%\r\n351.20\r\n100.0%\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nHydrogen\u2019s allocated burden rises from 1.3% to 7.4% \u2014 a factor of 5.7 \u2014 purely from the choice of allocation basis. Chlorine\u2019s falls by roughly a third. The inventory data did not change at all.\r\n\r\nNote on the figures\r\n\r\nThe prices above are illustrative and chosen to make the mechanism visible. Real chlor-alkali economics are volatile and regionally specific; chlorine and caustic prices frequently move in opposite directions with the market cycle. Any economic allocation used in a study must draw on documented prices for the actual reference period, and that period must be stated.\r\n\r\nEconomic allocation\r\nUsing economic value defensibly\r\nEconomic allocation is the ISO fallback, and it is legitimate \u2014 but it imports market volatility into a physical result, which is why reviewers scrutinise it. Four rules make it hold up:\r\n\r\nUse price at the point of separation, not at final sale. Value added by downstream processing belongs to that processing, not to the shared upstream burden.\r\n\r\nAverage over a defensible period. A single spot price on one date is not representative. A twelve-month average covering the inventory reference year is the usual expectation.\r\n\r\nDocument the source. Published indices, actual invoiced transactions, or plant records \u2014 and state which. Unattributed prices are a standard verification finding.\r\n\r\nTest the result. Recalculate at the high and low of the price range across the reference period and report the effect on the conclusions.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSystem expansion\r\nSystem expansion and substitution\r\nSystem expansion sits at the top of the ISO hierarchy alongside subdivision, because it sidesteps the partitioning problem rather than solving it. Instead of splitting the burden, the boundary is widened so that the compared systems perform the same set of functions.\r\n\r\nTwo forms are worth distinguishing, and the terms are used loosely in practice:\r\n\r\n \tTrue system expansion \u2014 the alternative system is expanded to include the additional function, so both systems deliver the same basket of outputs and remain directly comparable. Nothing is subtracted.\r\n \tSubstitution, or the avoided burden approach \u2014 the burden of the production that the co-product displaces elsewhere is subtracted as a credit. This is what most practitioners mean when they say system expansion.\r\n\r\nISO 14044 and ISO 14067 both place this ahead of allocation. In practice it carries its own difficulty: the credit depends entirely on what you assume is displaced, and by how much.\r\n\r\nSubstitution moves the uncertainty rather than removing it. The allocation factor is replaced by an assumption about the marginal displaced product \u2014 which is usually harder to defend, not easier.\r\nThe three assumptions substitution requires\r\n\r\n \tWhat is displaced. Recovered hydrogen might displace steam-methane-reformed hydrogen, or grid electricity if burned for power. The two credits differ by an order of magnitude.\r\n \tAt what substitution ratio. Recycled material rarely replaces virgin material one-for-one; quality loss means a ratio below 1.0 that must be evidenced.\r\n \tAgainst which marginal technology. The displaced production is the marginal supplier, not the average \u2014 and identifying the marginal supplier is a modelling exercise in itself.\r\n\r\nCredits large enough to drive a product\u2019s net result negative are a signal to re-examine these three assumptions before publishing.\r\n\r\nRecycling\r\nAllocation across recycling: the four working approaches\r\nRecycling is the multifunctionality problem across two life cycles rather than within one process. The burden of primary production and of recovery has to be shared between the system that first used the material and the system that uses it next.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nApproach\r\nHow it works\r\nWhere it is used\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nCut-off (100:0)\r\nEach system carries its own burdens only. Recycled input enters burden-free at the point of collection; outgoing recyclate leaves with no credit. Simple, conservative, and additive across systems.\r\nDefault in ecoinvent cut-off system model; widely used in attributional studies and EPDs.\r\n\r\n\r\nAvoided burden (0:100)\r\nThe first system is credited for the primary production its recyclate displaces. Rewards recyclability, but the credit rests on displacement assumptions and results are not additive.\r\nConsequential studies; end-of-life recycling arguments.\r\n\r\n\r\n50:50 split\r\nBurdens and credits are shared equally between the supplying and receiving system. A pragmatic compromise with no strong theoretical basis, but it avoids the extremes of the two above.\r\nSome sector PCRs and national guidance documents.\r\n\r\n\r\nCircular Footprint Formula\r\nA parameterised formula combining recycled content and end-of-life recycling through an allocation factor A, with explicit quality ratios and a market-supply parameter. Transparent about its assumptions, and demanding in the data it requires.\r\nMandatory in the EU Product Environmental Footprint method; referenced in EN 15804+A2 module D discussions.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nUnder EN 15804+A2, benefits and loads beyond the system boundary are reported in module D, separately from the cradle-to-grave total, and are never added into it. That separation is the standard\u2019s way of keeping substitution credits visible rather than buried inside a headline figure.\r\n\r\n\r\nSensitivity\r\nTesting the choice is a requirement, not good practice\r\nISO 14044 requires a sensitivity analysis on allocation procedures. Because the choice can move results by multiples, a study that reports one allocation basis without showing what the alternatives do has not demonstrated that its conclusions are stable.\r\n\r\n1\r\nRecalculate under each plausible basis\r\nRun the full impact assessment on mass, energy, and economic allocation, and on substitution where it applies. Present the range, not just the chosen figure.\r\n\r\n2\r\nState whether the conclusion survives\r\nThe question a decision-maker needs answered is whether the ranking changes, not whether the number changes. If product A beats product B under every basis, the conclusion is robust to the allocation choice and can be stated as such. If the ranking flips, that must be reported plainly.\r\n\r\n3\r\nDocument the justification, not just the method\r\nRecord why the chosen basis was selected, why the higher tiers of the ISO hierarchy were not used, what data supported the factors, and what reference period applies. This is what a critical reviewer under ISO 14071 will look for first.\r\n\r\nCommon findings\r\nWhere allocation goes wrong in practice\r\n\r\n \tJumping straight to economic allocation without documenting why subdivision and physical relationships were rejected. The most frequent review finding on multifunctional systems.\r\n \tAllocation factors that do not sum to unity, usually after a co-product is added or dropped mid-study without recalculating.\r\n \tSilent inheritance from the background database. Background datasets carry their own allocation assumptions. Using a cut-off database while applying substitution in the foreground produces an internally inconsistent model.\r\n \tTreating a co-product as waste to avoid allocating to it. If it has a market and a positive price, it is a co-product, whatever the plant calls it.\r\n \tSubstitution credits with no stated displaced product, no substitution ratio, and no marginal technology \u2014 a credit that cannot be checked.\r\n \tPrices taken at final sale rather than at the point of separation, inflating the share carried by the most processed co-product.\r\n\r\nSummary\r\nWhat to take away\r\nAllocation partitions the burden of a shared process among its outputs. System expansion avoids partitioning by widening the boundary, usually by crediting displaced production. ISO 14044 prefers avoidance, then physical relationships, then economic value \u2014 in that order, with the reasoning recorded at each step.\r\n\r\nNeither approach has an optimal solution, which is precisely why the standards leave room. The flexibility is not licence: it is a requirement to choose deliberately, document the choice, test it, and report the range.\r\n\r\nThe allocation decision is where two technically correct studies most often diverge. Treat it as a decision requiring justification, not a setting in the software.\r\n\r\nLCA critical review \u2192\r\nLCA strategic advisory \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA ecosystem\r\nExplore the DEISO life cycle assessment (LCA) ecosystem\r\nDEISO\u2019s integrated LCA ecosystem covers project execution, independent review, advisory, professional training, and technical systems built to support high-quality, ISO-aligned sustainability work.\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA project execution\r\nEnd-to-end Life Cycle Assessment execution for products, systems, and value chains with structured workflows and high technical quality.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA critical review (ISO 14040\/44)\r\nIndependent technical review confirming methodological consistency, transparency, and ISO alignment.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\nSenior LCA strategic advisory\r\nExpert-level advisory for study design, methodology, and decision-making in LCA and EPD projects.\r\n\r\nExplore advisory \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA professional training\r\nStructured professional training that lets teams build strong LCA capability aligned with ISO standards.\r\n\r\nExplore training \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA software training (openLCA, GaBi, SimaPro)\r\nHands-on, software-focused training programs built for professionals working in openLCA, GaBi, and SimaPro environments.\r\n\r\nExplore programs \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA data collection system\r\nStructured data framework to improve consistency, reduce errors, and speed up LCA project execution.\r\n\r\nDownload system \u2192\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation\r\nRequest a tailored quotation aligned with your LCA, review, or training needs.\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"What is Allocation and System Expansion in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)\" data-d=\"1674554478\" data-m=\"1791007884\" data-cat=\"1737\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-allocation-and-system-expansion-in-life-cycle-assessment-lca\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_allocation-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_allocation-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_allocation-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_allocation-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_allocation.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_allocation-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Tutorials<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Tutorials<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">24 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 12 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-allocation-and-system-expansion-in-life-cycle-assessment-lca\">What is Allocation and System Expansion in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Multifunctionality Allocation and system expansion in life cycle assessment Most real production systems make more than one thing. A refinery yields a dozen fractions from one barrel. Chlor-alkali\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-allocation-and-system-expansion-in-life-cycle-assessment-lca\" aria-label=\"Read the article: What is Allocation and System Expansion in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Briefing: What is Life Cycle Working Environment (LCWE) Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Overview\n          \n            Life Cycle Working Environment (LCWE) assesses occupational health and safety across a product\u2019s life cycle \u2014 how many accidents, injuries, and cases of work-related illness occur in producing one unit of a product, counting every process in the supply chain rather than only the reporting company\u2019s own site.\n          \n        \n          Today LCWE is best understood not as a standalone method but as one part of Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA). It was the earliest attempt to bring social consequences into life cycle thinking, and the framework that grew out of it now covers a far wider set of impacts on workers, communities, consumers, and value chain actors. This article explains what LCWE measures, how it sits within S-LCA, and what a study of this kind actually requires.\n        \n        From working environment to social assessment\n        \n          LCWE emerged from Danish life cycle research in the 1990s. Its reasoning was simple and remains sound: an inventory already records what each process in a supply chain consumes and produces, so it can equally record the labour hours each process requires. Once labour hours are known, occupational statistics convert them into quantified harm \u2014 accidents, lost work days, disease cases \u2014 expressed per functional unit.\n        \n        \n          That insight was the seed of a broader question. Occupational injury is only one of the ways a supply chain affects people. Wages, working hours, freedom of association, child and forced labour, community displacement, and consumer safety are all consequences of production, and none of them appear in an accident statistic. S-LCA was developed to cover that full range, formalised in the UNEP Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products and Organizations.\n        \n          The relationship in one line\n          \n            LCWE is the ancestor and, in current practice, a subcategory: health and safety of workers within the worker stakeholder group of an S-LCA. A study can still be run on that subcategory alone, but it is now understood as a partial social assessment rather than a complete one.\n          \n        How S-LCA is structured\n        \n          S-LCA organises social impacts by stakeholder group, and within each group by impact subcategory. This structure is what makes a social assessment auditable rather than anecdotal.\n        \n        Stakeholder groups and their subcategories\n          \n            \n              \n                Stakeholder group\n                Typical impact subcategories\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Workers\n                Health and safety \u2014 the LCWE domain; freedom of association and collective bargaining; child labour; fair salary; working hours; forced labour; equal opportunities and discrimination; social benefits and security\n              \n              \n                Local community\n                Access to material and immaterial resources; delocalisation and migration; cultural heritage; safe and healthy living conditions; respect of indigenous rights; community engagement; local employment; secure living conditions\n              \n              \n                Value chain actors\n                Fair competition; promoting social responsibility; supplier relationships; respect of intellectual property rights\n              \n              \n                Consumers\n                Health and safety; feedback mechanism; consumer privacy; transparency; end-of-life responsibility\n              \n              \n                Society\n                Public commitments to sustainability issues; contribution to economic development; prevention and mitigation of armed conflicts; technology development; corruption\n              \n              \n                Children\n                Education provided in the local community; health issues for children as consumers; marketing practices\n              \n            \n          \n          What this means for scoping\n          \n            An assessment covering only worker health and safety is an LCWE study, and should be described as such. Calling it a Social Life Cycle Assessment overstates the coverage by five stakeholder groups, and a reviewer will say so.\n          \n        The two assessment approaches\n        \n          S-LCA recognises two ways of moving from inventory to result, and they answer different questions.\n        \n        Type I \u2014 reference scale assessment\n        \n          Performance in each subcategory is scored against a reference scale, typically anchored on international norms, national legal minimums, or sector benchmarks. A supplier paying above the living wage scores differently from one paying the legal minimum, which scores differently again from one paying below it. Results are usually presented as performance levels rather than as a single aggregate number.\n        \n        Type II \u2014 impact pathway assessment\n        \n          Social consequences are modelled causally, in the way environmental impact pathways are modelled: an activity produces an exposure, which produces a health or wellbeing effect, which can be expressed in a damage unit such as disability-adjusted life years. LCWE is the most developed Type II pathway in existence, because occupational injury and illness are among the few social impacts with the statistical basis to support that chain.\n        \n          \n            This is why LCWE remains distinctive within S-LCA. Most social subcategories can only be scored qualitatively or semi-quantitatively. Worker health and safety can genuinely be quantified per functional unit, because labour hours are countable and occupational statistics exist.\n          \n        The activity variable and the calculation\n        \n          S-LCA needs a quantity that scales social impact to the functional unit. That quantity is the activity variable, and in almost every study it is working hours.\n        \n          SItotal = \u03a3i ( hi \u00d7 ri )\n          \n            hi \u2014 working hours in process i per functional unit, from the inventory. ri \u2014 the risk or performance indicator for the sector and country in which that process occurs \u2014 for LCWE, accidents, lost work days, or disease cases per hour worked. The sum runs across every process inside the system boundary.\n          \n          hi = value added or outputilabour intensityi\n          \n            Where primary data on hours is unavailable \u2014 which is the normal case upstream \u2014 hours are estimated from economic flows using sector labour intensity, typically from an input-output database. This is the step where most of the uncertainty enters.\n          \n        The four phases\n        \n          1Goal and scope. Functional unit, system boundary, stakeholder groups and subcategories included, and \u2014 critically \u2014 the geographic resolution, since social risk is country- and sector-specific in a way environmental impact often is not.\n          2Inventory. Working hours by process, by country, by sector, plus site-specific data where the study covers known suppliers.\n          3Impact assessment. Apply reference scales (Type I) or characterisation factors (Type II) to convert the inventory into social performance or social impact.\n          4Interpretation. Identify which processes and which countries dominate the result, test sensitivity to the data used, and state the limitations plainly.\n        \n        Data sources\n        \n          PSILCA and the Social Hotspots Database (SHDB) \u2014 the two established social risk databases, both organised by country and sector and both usable inside standard LCA software.\n          International Labour Organization statistics on occupational injury, working hours, and labour conditions.\n          National labour and occupational safety authorities, by industry classification.\n          Site-specific audit and incident data, where the supplier is known and cooperative \u2014 always preferable to generic sector averages.\n        \n        What these assessments are used for\n        \n          Supply chain hotspot screening \u2014 identifying which countries, sectors, and tiers carry the highest social risk, so due diligence effort concentrates where it matters. This is the single most common commercial application.\n          Supplier selection and sourcing decisions \u2014 comparing sourcing options on social risk alongside cost and environmental performance.\n          Material and process comparison \u2014 where two routes have similar environmental profiles but very different occupational and labour burdens, which is frequently the case between manual and automated, or between primary and recycled material routes.\n          Design and automation decisions \u2014 quantifying the occupational benefit of removing a hazardous manual task.\n          Human rights and supply chain due diligence \u2014 supplying the risk assessment that mandatory due diligence legislation now requires in several jurisdictions.\n          Social disclosure \u2014 feeding worker-related reporting under ESRS S1 and S2, GRI 403, and comparable frameworks.\n        \n        Standards and frameworks\n        \n          UNEP Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products and Organizations \u2014 the primary reference, with the accompanying methodological sheets defining each subcategory and its indicators.\n          ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 \u2014 the four-phase structure S-LCA follows, though these standards themselves cover environmental assessment.\n          ISO 26000 \u2014 social responsibility guidance, and the source of much of the subcategory vocabulary.\n          ISO 45001 \u2014 occupational health and safety management systems, which govern the organization\u2019s own operations rather than the product system.\n          ILO core conventions \u2014 the normative reference for many Type I reference scales.\n          UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and OECD Due Diligence Guidance \u2014 the policy frameworks driving demand for this work.\n          GRI 403, ESRS S1 and S2 \u2014 where the results are disclosed.\n        \n          A distinction worth holding\n          \n            ISO 45001 manages safety inside the organization. LCWE and S-LCA quantify impacts across the whole product system, including the suppliers the organization never visits. Neither substitutes for the other, and a company can hold ISO 45001 certification while its supply chain carries substantial occupational risk it has never measured.\n          \n        Limitations, stated honestly\n        \n          Reporting bias. Occupational injury and illness are underreported, and most severely in the jurisdictions and informal sectors where risk is highest. This can make a poorly regulated supply chain appear safer in the results. It must be disclosed, not glossed over.\n          Generic data. Country-sector averages describe a sector, not a supplier. A specific factory may be far better or far worse than its national average, and generic results are a screening tool rather than an assessment of any individual site.\n          Activity variable coarseness. Working hours estimated from economic value carry substantial uncertainty, particularly deep in the supply chain.\n          Aggregation. Combining child labour risk, wage adequacy, and accident rates into a single social score requires value judgements that should be made explicit, and are often better avoided.\n          Positive impacts. Employment, skills development, and local economic contribution are real social outcomes that a risk-focused assessment does not capture.\n          Method maturity. S-LCA has no equivalent to the settled characterisation models of environmental LCA. Two competent practitioners can reach different results on the same system, which makes transparency about method and data non-negotiable.\n        \n        Conclusion\n        \n          Life Cycle Working Environment brought occupational health and safety into life cycle thinking, and it remains the most quantitatively developed part of that field \u2014 because working hours are countable and occupational statistics exist, harm to workers can be expressed per functional unit in a way most social impacts cannot.\n        \n        \n          Its proper home now is Social Life Cycle Assessment, where worker health and safety is one subcategory within one stakeholder group. A study confined to LCWE answers a narrow question well; a full S-LCA answers a broader one with more uncertainty. Which is appropriate depends on the decision at hand, and the honest move is to state which of the two has been performed.\n        \n        \n          What both share is the underlying principle: the social consequences of a product occur mostly outside the company that sells it, and they stay invisible until someone counts the hours.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Briefing: What is Life Cycle Working Environment (LCWE)\" data-d=\"1674275240\" data-m=\"1786553991\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-what-is-life-cycle-working-environment-lcwe\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCWE-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCWE-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCWE-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCWE-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCWE.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCWE-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">21 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 9 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-what-is-life-cycle-working-environment-lcwe\">Briefing: What is Life Cycle Working Environment (LCWE)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Overview Life Cycle Working Environment (LCWE) assesses occupational health and safety across a product\u2019s life cycle \u2014 how many accidents, injuries, and cases of work-related illness\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-what-is-life-cycle-working-environment-lcwe\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Briefing: What is Life Cycle Working Environment (LCWE)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) and its Technologies Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Overview\n          \n            Rising greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion and other human activities have made emission reduction urgent across every industrial sector. Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is one route being pursued \u2014 capturing CO\u2082 that would otherwise be released, and converting it into a product rather than venting it.\n          \n        \n          CCU means extracting carbon dioxide from industrial sources such as steel mills, cement plants, refineries, and power stations, and putting the captured CO\u2082 to use \u2014 as a chemical feedstock, in synthetic fuels, in building materials, or in enhanced oil recovery. Interest has increased substantially because CCU offers the possibility of reducing emissions while generating a product with commercial value.\n        \n        \n          This article covers the capture technologies, the utilisation pathways, what the life cycle assessment evidence actually says about each, and where the honest limitations sit.\n        \n        CCU, CCS, and CDR: three different things\n        \n          These acronyms are routinely used as if interchangeable. They are not, and confusing them produces claims that do not survive scrutiny.\n        \n        The three concepts distinguished\n          \n            \n              \n                Term\n                What happens to the CO\u2082\n                Climate effect\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                CCU\n                Captured and converted into a product \u2014 fuel, chemical, material\n                Emission reduction or delay, depending on how long the product holds the carbon. Most CCU is not removal.\n              \n              \n                CCS\n                Captured and injected into geological formations for permanent storage\n                Emission avoidance at the source, with storage intended to be permanent\n              \n              \n                CDR\n                Removed from the atmosphere and durably stored \u2014 DACCS, BECCS, mineralisation\n                Net removal, only if the CO\u2082 came from the air or biomass and the storage is durable\n              \n            \n          \n          The correction that matters most\n          \n            CCS is not a form of CCU. Storage and utilisation are alternative fates for captured CO\u2082, not one nested inside the other. The shared step is capture; what follows diverges completely, and so does the climate accounting.\n          \n        Capture technologies\n        \n          The first stage in any CCU or CCS chain is separating CO\u2082 from a gas stream. Which technology fits depends on the source, the CO\u2082 concentration, and the process configuration.\n        \n        Post-combustion capture\n        \n          CO\u2082 is separated from flue gas after fuel has been burned, typically by chemical absorption using amine solvents, or by adsorption, membranes, or cryogenic separation. Its advantage is retrofittability \u2014 it can be added to an existing plant without redesigning the combustion process. Its cost driver is the energy required to regenerate the solvent, which is drawn from the host plant and reduces its net output.\n        \n        Pre-combustion capture\n        \n          The fuel is first converted into a syngas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the CO is shifted to CO\u2082, and the CO\u2082 is separated before the hydrogen is burned. The higher partial pressure of CO\u2082 makes separation less energy-intensive, but the approach requires a gasification or reforming plant, so it suits new-build integrated facilities rather than retrofits.\n        \n        Oxy-fuel combustion\n        \n          Fuel is burned in near-pure oxygen instead of air, producing a flue gas that is mostly CO\u2082 and water vapour. Condensing the water leaves a concentrated CO\u2082 stream requiring little further separation. The energy penalty moves to the air separation unit that supplies the oxygen.\n        \n        Direct air capture (DAC)\n        \n          CO\u2082 is extracted from ambient air rather than from a point source, using either liquid solvent or solid sorbent systems. Because atmospheric concentration is roughly four hundred parts per million \u2014 several hundred times more dilute than flue gas \u2014 DAC is by far the most energy-intensive capture route, and thermodynamics sets a floor on how much that can improve. Its unique advantage is location independence and the fact that, paired with durable storage, it delivers genuine removal.\n        \n        Industrial process capture\n        \n          Some processes emit CO\u2082 as an inherent chemical consequence rather than from combustion \u2014 cement calcination, ammonia production, ethanol fermentation, and hydrogen reforming. Several of these produce a nearly pure CO\u2082 stream, which makes them the lowest-cost capture opportunities available and the logical first candidates.\n        \n          Why concentration governs cost\n          \n            Separation energy rises steeply as CO\u2082 concentration falls. A fermentation off-gas at over ninety percent CO\u2082, a cement kiln at around twenty percent, a gas turbine at four percent, and ambient air at 0.04 percent represent four completely different economic propositions using the same word, \u201ccapture\u201d. Any cost figure quoted without the source concentration is not comparable to any other.\n          \n        Utilisation pathways\n        \n          Once captured, CO\u2082 can follow several routes. They differ enormously in how long the carbon is retained, how much energy conversion requires, and what scale is realistically available.\n        \n        CCU pathways compared\n          \n            \n              \n                Pathway\n                What is produced\n                Carbon retention\n                Practical constraint\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Mineralisation and construction materials\n                Carbonated aggregates, concrete curing, carbonated slag and ash\n                Permanent \u2014 the CO\u2082 is chemically bound\n                Requires suitable feedstock minerals; volume tied to construction demand\n              \n              \n                Polymers and durable chemicals\n                Polycarbonates, polyols, polyurethanes\n                Long \u2014 decades, until the product reaches end of life\n                Only part of the product mass is CO\u2082-derived\n              \n              \n                Methanol and intermediate chemicals\n                Methanol, urea, dimethyl carbonate, formic acid\n                Short to medium, depending on the end product\n                Needs large volumes of low-carbon hydrogen to be worthwhile\n              \n              \n                Synthetic fuels (power-to-X)\n                e-methanol, e-kerosene, synthetic methane\n                None \u2014 released again on combustion\n                Very energy-intensive; only defensible where direct electrification is impossible\n              \n              \n                Enhanced oil recovery (EOR)\n                Additional oil, with a portion of CO\u2082 retained in the reservoir\n                Partial and site-specific\n                The recovered oil is itself combusted, which must be inside the boundary\n              \n              \n                Biological conversion\n                Algae biomass, protein, biochemicals\n                Short unless the biomass is durably used\n                Land, water, and nutrient demand; scale-up remains difficult\n              \n              \n                Direct use\n                Beverage carbonation, greenhouse enrichment, welding, food processing\n                None \u2014 released within days or weeks\n                Displaces existing CO\u2082 supply; total volume is small relative to emissions\n              \n            \n          \n          \n            The single most useful question about any CCU project: how long does the carbon stay out of the atmosphere, and what would have happened without the project? A pathway that releases the CO\u2082 within a year is a use of CO\u2082, not a climate solution, unless it displaces a more carbon-intensive incumbent.\n          \n        Enhanced oil recovery, stated accurately\n        \n          EOR is currently the largest commercial destination for captured CO\u2082, which is precisely why it needs careful framing. CO\u2082 is injected into a mature reservoir, where it reduces oil viscosity and improves sweep, recovering oil that primary and secondary methods leave behind. A portion of the injected CO\u2082 remains in the formation; the remainder is produced back with the oil and recycled.\n        \n        \n          The net climate effect depends entirely on the boundary. Counted at the wellhead, CO\u2082 is stored. Counted across the full life cycle, the additional oil produced is refined and combusted, releasing carbon that would not otherwise have been extracted. Whether EOR is net negative, neutral, or positive depends on the storage ratio, the source of the CO\u2082, and whether the displaced oil is treated as substitution or addition \u2014 and credible studies reach different conclusions using different, clearly stated assumptions.\n        \n          Claim discipline\n          \n            An EOR project should not be described as emissions-reducing without stating the boundary and the storage fraction. The claim is defensible with those disclosures and indefensible without them.\n          \n        The life cycle assessment question\n        \n          CCU is one of the clearest cases where an intervention can look beneficial at the process level and prove neutral or harmful at the system level. Capture consumes energy, conversion consumes more, and both consume equipment, solvents, and catalysts. Whether the whole chain reduces emissions is an LCA question, not an engineering one.\n        \n        What the standards require\n        \n          ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 \u2014 the framework: goal and scope, inventory, impact assessment, interpretation, with a critical review where comparative assertions are published.\n          ISO 14067 \u2014 where the output is a product carrying a carbon footprint claim.\n          ISO 14064-2 \u2014 where the project is claiming quantified emission reductions.\n          Dedicated CCU LCA guidelines \u2014 several exist specifically because standard LCA practice does not by itself resolve how to credit captured CO\u2082.\n        \n        The four issues that decide the result\n        \n          1System boundary. Cradle-to-gate flatters CCU because it stops before the CO\u2082 is re-released. Where the product is a fuel, only cradle-to-grave gives a meaningful answer.\n          2Multifunctionality. A CCU system produces both a service (waste gas treatment) and a product. Whether that is handled by system expansion, substitution, or allocation can change the result by a wide margin, and the choice must be justified and tested in sensitivity analysis.\n          3Energy source. Conversion pathways are energy hungry. Run on average grid electricity, most CO\u2082-to-fuel routes emit more than they capture. The electricity carbon intensity is typically the single most influential parameter in the model.\n          4Counterfactual. What would have happened otherwise \u2014 would the CO\u2082 have been vented, would the product have been made conventionally, and would the renewable electricity have been used elsewhere? The reference scenario often determines the sign of the answer.\n        \n          Net \u0394CO\u2082 = CO\u2082captured \u2212 CO\u2082capture energy \u2212 CO\u2082conversion \u2212 CO\u2082transport \u2212 CO\u2082released at end of life + CO\u2082avoided in the counterfactual\n          \n            A project is only beneficial when this expression is negative across the whole boundary. Quoting CO\u2082captured alone \u2014 which is what most project announcements do \u2014 describes one term of six.\n          \n          Double counting\n          \n            The same tonne of CO\u2082 cannot be claimed by the emitter as an avoided emission and by the user as a low-carbon input. Who owns the reduction has to be settled contractually and reflected consistently in both parties\u2019 inventories, or the market simply reports the benefit twice.\n          \n        Economics and drivers\n        \n          CCU can offer industry a revenue stream where the product has market value, and it can reduce exposure to carbon pricing. Whether a project closes depends on four variables.\n        \n        \n          Capture cost per tonne \u2014 driven mostly by source concentration, as set out above.\n          Product value \u2014 whether the resulting fuel, chemical, or material competes with an incumbent made from cheaper conventional feedstock.\n          Policy support \u2014 production tax credits, contracts for difference, carbon prices, and low-carbon fuel mandates frequently make the difference between a project proceeding and not.\n          Transport and storage infrastructure \u2014 a capture plant without a CO\u2082 offtake route is stranded, which is why shared hub-and-cluster infrastructure is the dominant development model.\n        \n        Limitations, honestly stated\n        \n          Scale mismatch. Global CO\u2082 emissions are measured in tens of gigatonnes a year; total industrial CO\u2082 demand across all utilisation uses is a small fraction of that. CCU cannot absorb emissions at the scale they are produced.\n          Energy penalty. Capture and conversion consume energy that must itself be low-carbon, or the chain is self-defeating.\n          Most pathways are not permanent. Fuels and direct uses re-release the carbon quickly; only mineralisation and durable materials retain it.\n          Cost. Most pathways remain more expensive than the conventional product without policy support.\n          Mitigation deterrence. The risk that CCU is used to justify continued emissions rather than to address residual ones that cannot be eliminated.\n          Verification. Claims require measurement, reporting, and third-party verification to be credible, and the frameworks for CCU specifically are still maturing.\n        \n          \n            The defensible position: CCU is a targeted tool for emissions that are genuinely hard to eliminate \u2014 cement process CO\u2082, chemical feedstock carbon, aviation fuel \u2014 not a general alternative to reducing emissions at source.\n          \n        Conclusion\n        \n          CCU technologies convert captured carbon dioxide into fuels, chemicals, and materials, and they have a real role in sectors where emissions cannot be eliminated by efficiency or electrification alone. The capture side is technically mature and applied commercially today; the utilisation side varies from established chemistry to early-stage demonstration.\n        \n        \n          What determines whether a specific project reduces emissions is not the technology label but the full life cycle balance: the carbon intensity of the energy used, the permanence of the product, the system boundary chosen, and the counterfactual against which it is compared. That makes an ISO 14040\/14044 assessment the entry requirement for any credible CCU claim, and the deciding evidence for any investment in one.\n        \n        \n          Governments have a role in setting policy that supports deployment where it genuinely helps, and verification frameworks that prevent claims outrunning the evidence.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) and its Technologies\" data-d=\"1674068990\" data-m=\"1786553557\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/carbon-capture-and-utilization-ccu-and-its-technologies\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_CCU-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_CCU-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_CCU-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_CCU-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_CCU.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_CCU-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">19 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/carbon-capture-and-utilization-ccu-and-its-technologies\">Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) and its Technologies<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Overview Rising greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion and other human activities have made emission reduction urgent across every industrial sector. Carbon capture and utilization\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/carbon-capture-and-utilization-ccu-and-its-technologies\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) and its Technologies\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Briefing: What is Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Introduction\n          \n            Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) is the technique for examining an asset\u2019s entire cost of ownership \u2014 acquisition, operation, maintenance, and disposal \u2014 expressed in comparable present-value terms so that alternatives can be judged on what they actually cost over their whole life rather than on what they cost to buy.\n          \n        \n          The reason it matters is straightforward: purchase price is usually the smallest part of the total. For energy-consuming rotating equipment, the electricity bill over a working life routinely exceeds the capital cost by a multiple. For process plant, maintenance and unplanned downtime frequently exceed both. A procurement decision made on capital cost alone is, in most technical contexts, a decision made on the wrong number.\n        \n        \n          This article defines LCCA, separates it from the terms it is confused with, sets out the mathematics, walks through the standards, and works through applications across sectors \u2014 with a dedicated section on oil and gas, where the numbers are largest and the discipline is most established.\n        \n        LCC, LCCA, and TCO: what the terms actually mean\n        \n          These three are used interchangeably in most conversations, and the imprecision causes real problems in scoping and in software selection. The distinction is worth holding.\n        \n        Terminology compared\n          \n            \n              \n                Term\n                What it is\n                Typical use\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Life Cycle Costing (LCC)\n                The method \u2014 the process of compiling and discounting all costs across a defined life cycle\n                The discipline itself, as governed by ISO 15686-5 and IEC 60300-3-3\n              \n              \n                Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA)\n                The application \u2014 using LCC to compare defined alternatives against a decision\n                Option appraisal: which pump, which alloy, which maintenance interval, which design\n              \n              \n                Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)\n                A commercial framing, usually narrower \u2014 often undiscounted and focused on the buyer\u2019s costs\n                Procurement and vendor comparison; frequently excludes disposal and externalities\n              \n              \n                Whole Life Costing (WLC)\n                Broader than LCC \u2014 adds income, externalities, and non-construction costs\n                Built environment and infrastructure business cases, per ISO 15686-5\n              \n              \n                Environmental LCC\n                LCC using the same system boundary and functional unit as an LCA\n                Paired economic and environmental assessment, so cost and impact are directly comparable\n              \n            \n          \n          In practice\n          \n            LCC is what you do; LCCA is why you are doing it. A study that computes a single asset\u2019s life cycle cost is LCC. The moment two or more options are set against each other to support a decision, it is LCCA \u2014 and the analysis then needs a common functional unit, a common study period, and a common discount rate, or the comparison is invalid.\n          \n        The mathematics of LCCA\n        \n          LCCA is discounted cash flow applied to a technical decision. Everything below follows from one idea: money has a time value, so costs occurring in different years cannot be added together until they are brought to a common point in time.\n        \n        1. The present value of a future cost\n          Discounting a single future cost\n          PV = Ct(1 + r)t\n          \n            PV \u2014 present value of the cost\n            Ct \u2014 the cost occurring in year t\n            r \u2014 the discount rate\n            t \u2014 the year in which the cost occurs\n          \n        2. The core LCC equation\n          Life cycle cost, present value form\n          LCC = C0 + \u03a3t=1n Cop,t + Cm,t + Ce,t + Cd,t(1 + r)t \u2212 Rn(1 + r)n\n          \n            C0 \u2014 acquisition cost: purchase, delivery, installation, commissioning, training\n            Cop,t \u2014 operating cost in year t, excluding energy\n            Cm,t \u2014 maintenance cost in year t, planned and unplanned\n            Ce,t \u2014 energy cost in year t\n            Cd,t \u2014 downtime, loss of production, or failure consequence cost in year t\n            Rn \u2014 residual or salvage value at end of life, net of disposal cost\n            n \u2014 the study period in years\n          \n        \n          Note the sign on the last term. Residual value is a benefit and is subtracted. Where disposal costs exceed salvage value \u2014 decommissioning an offshore structure, remediating a site, disposing of a catalyst \u2014 Rn is negative and the term adds to the total.\n        \n        3. Real versus nominal rates\n        \n          The single most common error in an LCCA is mixing real and nominal terms. Either discount real cash flows at a real rate, or nominal cash flows at a nominal rate \u2014 never one with the other.\n        \n          The Fisher relation\n          (1 + rnom) = (1 + rreal) \u00d7 (1 + i)\n          \n            rnom \u2014 nominal discount rate\n            rreal \u2014 real discount rate\n            i \u2014 general inflation rate\n          \n        \n          Where a cost category escalates at a different rate from general inflation \u2014 energy and specialist labour usually do \u2014 that category carries its own escalation rate e, and the cost in year t becomes:\n        \n          Escalating a recurring cost\n          Ct = C0 \u00d7 (1 + e)t\n        4. Uniform annual costs and the annuity factor\n        \n          Where a cost recurs at the same real value each year, the whole series can be discounted in one step rather than year by year.\n        \n          Present value of a uniform annual series\n          PV = A \u00d7 1 \u2212 (1 + r)\u2212nr\n          \n            A \u2014 the uniform annual cost\n            The bracketed term is the present value annuity factor\n          \n        5. Equivalent annual cost \u2014 comparing unequal lives\n        \n          Two options with different service lives cannot be compared on total present value. Converting each to an equivalent annual cost puts them on the same basis.\n        \n          Equivalent annual cost\n          EAC = LCC \u00d7 r1 \u2212 (1 + r)\u2212n\n          \n            EAC \u2014 the constant annual cost with the same present value as the whole life cycle\n            The multiplier is the capital recovery factor\n          \n        \n          A pump with a fifteen-year life and a pump with a ten-year life are compared on EAC, not on LCC. This is the correction most frequently missing from vendor-supplied cost comparisons.\n        \n        6. Incremental payback on a higher-capital option\n          Simple and discounted payback\n          PBsimple = \u0394C0\u0394Sannual\n          \u0394C0 = \u03a3t=1PBdisc \u0394St(1 + r)t\n          \n            \u0394C0 \u2014 the additional capital cost of the better option\n            \u0394S \u2014 the annual saving it produces in operating, energy, or maintenance cost\n          \n        7. Availability and the cost of unreliability\n        \n          In process industries the failure consequence term usually dominates. It is built from reliability parameters rather than estimated directly.\n        \n          Availability and downtime cost\n          A = MTBFMTBF + MTTR\n          Cd,t = (1 \u2212 A) \u00d7 H \u00d7 \u0394M\n          \n            A \u2014 inherent availability\n            MTBF \u2014 mean time between failures\n            MTTR \u2014 mean time to repair\n            H \u2014 operating hours per year\n            \u0394M \u2014 contribution margin lost per hour of lost production\n          \n        8. Energy cost of rotating equipment\n          Annual energy cost of a pump or compressor\n          Ce = Q \u00d7 H \u00d7 \u03c1 \u00d7 g\u03b7p \u00d7 \u03b7m \u00d7 h \u00d7 pe\n          \n            Q \u2014 volumetric flow rate\n            H \u2014 total head\n            \u03c1 \u2014 fluid density, g \u2014 gravitational acceleration\n            \u03b7p, \u03b7m \u2014 pump and motor efficiency\n            h \u2014 annual operating hours, pe \u2014 energy price per unit\n          \n        \n          A two-point efficiency difference between two pumps looks trivial on a datasheet. Run through this equation over 8,000 hours a year for fifteen years and discounted, it frequently exceeds the entire purchase price difference.\n        \n        9. Sensitivity and uncertainty\n        \n          An LCCA result carrying no uncertainty statement is an assertion, not an analysis. Two mechanisms are standard.\n        \n          Sensitivity coefficient and switching value\n          Sx = \u0394LCC \/ LCC\u0394x \/ x\n          \n            Sx \u2014 elasticity of the result to input x: how many percent the LCC moves per percent change in the input\n            The switching value is the value of x at which the preferred option changes \u2014 often more decision-useful than the point estimate\n          \n        \n          Where several inputs are uncertain together, Monte Carlo simulation over the input distributions produces a distribution of LCC rather than a single figure, and the comparison becomes a probability that option A beats option B.\n        \n        A worked comparison\n        \n          Two centrifugal pumps for the same duty, 8,000 operating hours a year, twelve-year study period, real discount rate of 6 percent. Figures are illustrative and rounded, to show the structure rather than to represent any specific equipment.\n        \n        Present value comparison, 12-year study period at 6 percent\n          \n            \n              \n                Cost element\n                Option A \u2014 low capital\n                Option B \u2014 high efficiency\n                Difference\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Acquisition and installation\n                40,000\n                62,000\n                +22,000\n              \n              \n                Energy, PV of 12 years\n                318,000\n                268,000\n                \u221250,000\n              \n              \n                Planned maintenance, PV\n                46,000\n                38,000\n                \u22128,000\n              \n              \n                Unplanned failure cost, PV\n                52,000\n                24,000\n                \u221228,000\n              \n              \n                Residual value, PV\n                \u22122,000\n                \u22124,000\n                \u22122,000\n              \n              \n                Life cycle cost\n                454,000\n                388,000\n                \u221266,000\n              \n            \n          \n          \n            Option B costs 55 percent more to buy and 15 percent less to own. Acquisition is under 14 percent of Option A\u2019s life cycle cost and energy is roughly 70 percent \u2014 which is the general shape for continuously operating rotating equipment, and the reason capital-cost procurement systematically selects the more expensive asset.\n          \n        The standards layer\n        \n          ISO 15686-5 \u2014 buildings and constructed assets, service life planning, part 5: life cycle costing. The reference for the built environment and the source of the LCC versus WLC distinction.\n          IEC 60300-3-3 \u2014 dependability management, application guide to life cycle costing. The reference for equipment and systems, and where the reliability linkage is formalised.\n          ASTM E917 \u2014 standard practice for measuring life cycle costs of buildings and building systems, with the related E964, E1057, and E1074 for benefit-cost, payback, and adjusted internal rate of return.\n          ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 \u2014 where LCC is paired with LCA, these define the system boundary and functional unit both must share.\n          ISO 55000 series \u2014 asset management, within which life cycle cost is the economic decision input.\n          NIST Handbook 135 \u2014 the federal life cycle costing methodology, and the basis of the BLCC calculation approach.\n        \n          The one that governs comparability\n          \n            Whichever standard applies, the study must declare its period of analysis, discount rate, price base date, escalation assumptions, and system boundary. Two LCCAs that differ on any of these are not comparable, and a reviewer will ask for all five before looking at the result.\n          \n        Applications across sectors\n        Where LCCA changes the decision\n          \n            \n              \n                Sector\n                Typical decision\n                Dominant cost driver\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Manufacturing\n                Machine tool or line selection, spare parts strategy, retrofit versus replace\n                Downtime cost per hour and energy intensity per unit produced\n              \n              \n                Buildings and construction\n                HVAC systems, envelope specification, material choice at design stage\n                Operational energy and replacement cycles over a 30\u201360 year period\n              \n              \n                Power and utilities\n                Generation and storage technology, transformer specification\n                Fuel or losses, plus capacity factor assumptions\n              \n              \n                Transport fleets\n                Powertrain selection, replacement interval, leasing versus ownership\n                Fuel or electricity, residual value, and maintenance divergence between drivetrains\n              \n              \n                Water and wastewater\n                Pumping systems, pipe material, treatment train configuration\n                Pumping energy over multi-decade asset lives, and chemical dosing\n              \n              \n                Healthcare\n                Imaging and diagnostic equipment procurement\n                Service contracts, consumables, and utilisation-dependent downtime\n              \n              \n                Data centres and ICT\n                Cooling architecture, hardware refresh interval, UPS topology\n                Power usage effectiveness and refresh-cycle capital\n              \n              \n                Public infrastructure\n                Pavement design, bridge material, maintenance regime\n                Rehabilitation intervals and user delay cost during works\n              \n              \n                Mining\n                Haulage fleet, conveyor versus truck, comminution circuit\n                Energy per tonne, wear parts, and availability\n              \n            \n          \n        LCCA in oil and gas\n        \n          Oil and gas is where life cycle costing carries the highest stakes and the longest history. Asset lives run to decades, single items of equipment cost millions, an hour of unplanned downtime on a producing facility can exceed the entire purchase cost of the item that caused it, and decommissioning liabilities sit at the far end of the study period where discounting makes them deceptively small in present value while remaining very large in cash.\n        \n        Where the analysis is applied\n        \n          Rotating equipment selection \u2014 pumps, compressors, and turbines, where efficiency, sparing philosophy, and MTBF drive a total dominated by energy and availability rather than capital.\n          Materials of construction \u2014 the classic trade-off between corrosion-resistant alloy at high capital cost and carbon steel with chemical inhibition, corrosion allowance, inspection, and eventual replacement. The alloy usually wins on LCC in sour or high-chloride service and usually loses on capital-cost procurement.\n          Heat exchanger and fouling strategy \u2014 cleaning frequency traded against energy penalty and throughput loss, with a determinable optimum interval.\n          Turnaround interval optimisation \u2014 extending the interval defers cost but raises failure probability. The optimum is where marginal deferral benefit equals marginal risk cost.\n          Flare gas recovery and vapour recovery units \u2014 capital against recovered product value, avoided emissions, and increasingly against carbon price exposure.\n          Produced water handling \u2014 treatment and reinjection versus disposal, over a field life where water cut rises steadily and changes the economics year by year.\n          Methane leak detection and repair \u2014 survey frequency and technology choice against recovered gas value, regulatory penalty exposure, and reporting obligations.\n          Artificial lift selection \u2014 ESP, gas lift, rod pump, or PCP, where intervention frequency and workover cost usually decide the outcome rather than installed cost.\n          Offshore versus onshore processing \u2014 topside weight carries a capital multiplier, while onshore adds pipeline capital and operating cost.\n          LNG boil-off and containment \u2014 tank and vessel specification against cargo loss over decades of operation.\n          Decommissioning and abandonment \u2014 the negative residual value term, which regulators increasingly require to be provisioned rather than assumed away.\n          CCUS and electrification retrofits \u2014 where a carbon price makes the emissions term a direct cash cost inside the LCC rather than an external consideration.\n        \n        The carbon term\n        \n          Where a carbon price, an internal shadow price, or a compliance obligation applies, emissions enter the LCC as a priced cash flow like any other:\n        \n          Carbon cost within the LCC\n          Cc,t = Et \u00d7 pc,t\n          LCCtotal = LCCconventional + \u03a3t=1n Et \u00d7 pc,t(1 + r)t\n          \n            Et \u2014 emissions in year t, in tonnes CO\u2082e\n            pc,t \u2014 carbon price in year t, which is normally escalated on its own trajectory\n          \n        \n          This is the point where LCC and LCA meet operationally. The emissions figure comes from the life cycle inventory; the price comes from the market or the corporate shadow price; and the result is a single number a capital committee can act on. Equipment that looked marginal at zero carbon price frequently reverses at a realistic one, which is why the carbon price is one of the first variables to run a switching-value analysis on.\n        \n          A caution specific to this sector\n          \n            Long study periods make the discount rate the most powerful single assumption in the model. At a high rate, costs and liabilities twenty-five years out nearly vanish in present value, which systematically favours low-capital, high-operating-cost, high-decommissioning-liability options. The rate should be stated explicitly, justified, and tested \u2014 not inherited silently from a corporate template.\n          \n        How an LCCA study is run\n        \n          1Define the decision. What is being chosen between, and who will act on the answer. An LCCA without a decision attached produces a number nobody uses.\n          2Set the functional unit and system boundary. Options must deliver the same service. Comparing assets of different capacity or duty without normalising is the most common structural error.\n          3Fix the study period, price base date, discount rate, and escalation rates. Declare all of them.\n          4Build the cost breakdown structure. Acquisition, operation, energy, maintenance, downtime, disposal, residual value \u2014 each traceable to a source.\n          5Collect data and rate its quality. Vendor quotations, historic maintenance records, reliability databases, energy tariffs, and clearly labelled assumptions where data is absent.\n          6Compute present value and equivalent annual cost. EAC wherever the options have unequal lives.\n          7Run sensitivity and switching values on the discount rate, energy price, utilisation, and reliability inputs at minimum.\n          8Report the decision, not just the total. The recommendation, the conditions under which it reverses, and the assumptions carrying the most weight.\n        \n        Common failures\n        \n          Mixing real and nominal. Escalating costs at inflation and then discounting at a nominal rate double-counts inflation.\n          Comparing unequal lives on total LCC instead of equivalent annual cost.\n          Omitting the downtime term because it is hard to estimate. Absent is not zero, and in process industries it is usually the largest term.\n          Ignoring end-of-life liabilities or setting residual value optimistically without evidence.\n          Using vendor-supplied life cycle figures unchallenged. The efficiency curve, MTBF, and maintenance interval all come from the party selling the equipment.\n          Presenting a point estimate with no sensitivity. A result whose ranking flips at a five percent change in energy price should say so.\n          Building the whole study in an untracked spreadsheet, where the assumptions live in one analyst\u2019s head and cannot be reproduced six months later when the decision is questioned.\n        \n        Conclusion\n        \n          Life Cycle Cost Analysis exists to correct a structural bias in how organizations buy: the capital number is visible, immediate, and owned by procurement, while the operating and maintenance numbers are diffuse, future, and owned by someone else. LCCA brings them into one comparable figure and, where done properly, changes the decision.\n        \n        \n          The discipline is not conceptually difficult \u2014 it is discounted cash flow with an engineering cost breakdown attached. The difficulty is practical: assembling credible data, keeping the assumptions consistent and declared, testing what the result depends on, and producing something a reviewer or an auditor can follow. That is the work, and it is where most studies fail rather than in the mathematics.\n        \n  \n      Product preview\n      \n      Professional LCC and LCCA, without heavyweight modelling and simulation\n      \n        DEISO LCC Pro is a professional desktop platform under development for Life Cycle Costing (LCC), Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA), Total Cost of Ownership (TCO), procurement evaluation, asset economics, and life cycle decision support.\n      \n      \n        Most cost studies begin with spreadsheets, quotations, asset registers, supplier information, assumptions, maintenance records, and supporting evidence scattered across different files and systems. Building a defensible life cycle cost study from those sources becomes a project in itself. DEISO LCC Pro brings that work into one structured environment.\n      \n      \n        Structured cost breakdown across acquisition, operation, energy, maintenance, and disposal\n        Present value, equivalent annual cost, and payback in one model\n        Real and nominal handling with per-category escalation rates\n        Option comparison against a common functional unit and study period\n        Sensitivity and switching-value analysis on the inputs that decide the result\n        Assumptions and data sources recorded alongside the figures\n      \n        Development status\n        \n          DEISO LCC Pro is a pre-production product under intensive development and is not yet commercially released. Registering on the priority access list creates no purchase obligation and does not imply beta or early-access availability.\n        \n        Join the priority access list \u2192\n        See what it does \u2192\n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Briefing: What is Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA)\" data-d=\"1674015549\" data-m=\"1786551062\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-what-is-life-cycle-cost-analysis-lcca\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Life_Cycle_Cost_Analysis-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Life_Cycle_Cost_Analysis-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Life_Cycle_Cost_Analysis-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Life_Cycle_Cost_Analysis-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Life_Cycle_Cost_Analysis.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Life_Cycle_Cost_Analysis-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">18 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 15 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-what-is-life-cycle-cost-analysis-lcca\">Briefing: What is Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Introduction Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) is the technique for examining an asset\u2019s entire cost of ownership \u2014 acquisition, operation, maintenance, and disposal \u2014 expressed in\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-what-is-life-cycle-cost-analysis-lcca\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Briefing: What is Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"How is Energy Produced from Hydrogen? Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Introduction\n        \n          The conversion of hydrogen into usable energy has become one of the most discussed routes in the energy transition. This article covers the methods of generating energy from hydrogen, the benefits and drawbacks of using hydrogen as a fuel, where it makes commercial sense today, and where it does not.\n        \n        \n          The most prevalent element in the universe is hydrogen (H\u2082), a colorless, odorless gas. It is highly flammable and releases significant energy when reacted with oxygen. Besides being a fuel for vehicles and a source of power, hydrogen is a raw material for manufacturing chemicals \u2014 and in fact, the overwhelming majority of hydrogen produced worldwide today is consumed as an industrial feedstock for ammonia and refining, not as an energy carrier.\n        \n          The most important clarification\n          \n            Hydrogen is an energy carrier, not an energy source. It does not occur in free form on Earth in usable quantities; it must be produced using energy from somewhere else. Whether hydrogen is clean therefore depends entirely on how it was made. This single point determines almost everything else in the discussion.\n          \n        Energy production from hydrogen\n          \n            The term \u201chydrogen fuel cell technology\u201d refers to the technique of generating electricity from hydrogen. This technology turns the chemical energy of hydrogen into electricity using a fuel cell. Inside the cell, hydrogen and oxygen react electrochemically. Water and electricity are produced, and the electricity then powers a motor or other device.\n          \n        \n          There are three routes for turning hydrogen into useful energy, and they are not interchangeable. Fuel cells convert it electrochemically to electricity. Combustion burns it in an engine, turbine, or burner for motion or heat. Blending mixes it into an existing gas stream to displace part of the fossil fuel. Each has a different efficiency, a different emissions profile, and a different realistic application.\n        \n        The colour taxonomy: how the hydrogen was made\n        \n          Because hydrogen is a carrier, the industry classifies it by production route. The colours are informal shorthand \u2014 regulators increasingly use carbon intensity thresholds in kg CO\u2082e per kg H\u2082 instead \u2014 but the vocabulary is unavoidable in any commercial conversation.\n        \n        Production routes compared\n          \n            \n              \n                Colour\n                Route\n                Energy input\n                Carbon profile\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Grey\n                Steam methane reforming (SMR) of natural gas\n                Natural gas\n                High \u2014 CO\u2082 vented. The dominant route in production today\n              \n              \n                Brown \/ black\n                Coal gasification\n                Coal or lignite\n                Highest of the routes\n              \n              \n                Blue\n                SMR or ATR with carbon capture and storage\n                Natural gas\n                Reduced, but dependent on capture rate and upstream methane leakage\n              \n              \n                Green\n                Electrolysis of water using renewable electricity\n                Solar, wind, hydro\n                Very low, subject to the electricity actually being renewable and additional\n              \n              \n                Pink \/ purple\n                Electrolysis using nuclear electricity or heat\n                Nuclear\n                Very low operational carbon\n              \n              \n                Turquoise\n                Methane pyrolysis, producing solid carbon\n                Natural gas plus heat\n                Depends on the heat source and whether the solid carbon is sequestered or sold\n              \n              \n                White \/ natural\n                Naturally occurring geologic hydrogen\n                Geological\n                Early-stage exploration; resource base not yet established at commercial scale\n              \n            \n          \n          Where the regulation is heading\n          \n            Colour labels are being replaced by measured carbon intensity. European rules for renewable fuels of non-biological origin require additionality, temporal correlation, and geographic correlation between the renewable electricity and the electrolyser, precisely because grid-connected electrolysis can otherwise produce hydrogen with a worse footprint than the gas it replaces. Any hydrogen claim now needs a life cycle number behind it, not a colour.\n          \n        Electrolysis\n        \n          Electrolysis is the central route for low-carbon hydrogen. An electrical current is passed through water, splitting it into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is then collected, compressed, and used as fuel or feedstock. The process itself emits nothing at the point of use \u2014 but its footprint is entirely determined by the electricity driving it.\n        \n        The main electrolyser technologies\n        \n          Alkaline (AEL) \u2014 the mature, lowest-capital-cost option, well suited to steady baseload operation. Slower to ramp.\n          Proton exchange membrane (PEM) \u2014 fast response and good partial-load behaviour, which suits variable renewable input. Higher cost, uses iridium and platinum.\n          Solid oxide (SOEC) \u2014 highest electrical efficiency by using high-temperature heat, so it pairs well with industrial waste heat. Still earlier in commercial deployment, with durability the open question.\n          Anion exchange membrane (AEM) \u2014 aims to combine PEM responsiveness with alkaline material costs. Emerging.\n        \n          Two claims worth correcting\n          \n            Electrolysis does not run on any water indiscriminately \u2014 it needs high-purity water, so seawater or wastewater requires desalination and treatment first, which adds cost and its own energy demand. And electrolysis is only emission-free if the electricity is; running an electrolyser on an average grid can produce hydrogen with a higher carbon intensity than steam methane reforming.\n          \n        Fuel cells\n        \n          Fuel cells combine hydrogen and oxygen electrochemically to produce electricity, heat, and water. They are quiet, have no moving parts in the stack, and produce no carbon dioxide or particulates at the point of use. They can power vehicles, buildings, and remote sites \u2014 though they do require a hydrogen supply chain, which is itself infrastructure.\n        \n        Fuel cell types and where they fit\n          \n            \n              \n                Type\n                Operating temperature\n                Typical application\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                PEMFC\n                Low\n                Vehicles, forklifts, backup power \u2014 fast start-up, but needs high-purity hydrogen\n              \n              \n                SOFC\n                High\n                Stationary power and combined heat and power; tolerant of a wider fuel range, slow to start\n              \n              \n                MCFC\n                High\n                Large stationary installations, industrial CHP\n              \n              \n                PAFC\n                Medium\n                Commercial buildings and district heat, a long-established technology\n              \n              \n                AFC\n                Low\n                Specialist and space applications; sensitive to CO\u2082 contamination\n              \n            \n          \n        Combustion\n        \n          Hydrogen can also be burned \u2014 in a reciprocating engine, a gas turbine, or an industrial burner \u2014 to produce motion or high-grade heat. This route reuses much of the equipment and engineering practice that already exists, which is its main advantage, and it can deliver the very high temperatures that fuel cells cannot.\n        \n        \n          Two qualifications matter. Combustion is generally less electrically efficient than a fuel cell, not more \u2014 it is limited by the same thermodynamic ceiling as any heat engine. And burning hydrogen in air produces nitrogen oxides, because the high flame temperature reacts atmospheric nitrogen. Hydrogen combustion is carbon-free, but it is not emission-free, and NO\u2093 control is an engineering requirement rather than an afterthought.\n        \n        The efficiency chain, honestly stated\n        \n          The strongest argument against hydrogen in many applications is not cost but the number of conversions. Each step loses energy, and the losses compound.\n        \n        \n          1Electricity to hydrogen \u2014 electrolysis loses a substantial share of the input energy as heat.\n          2Compression, liquefaction, or conversion to a carrier \u2014 each adds a further energy penalty, liquefaction most of all.\n          3Transport and storage \u2014 boil-off, compression losses, and pipeline energy.\n          4Hydrogen back to electricity \u2014 the fuel cell or turbine loses again.\n        \n        \n          The round-trip result is materially worse than charging a battery directly. This is why hydrogen loses to direct electrification wherever direct electrification is possible \u2014 and why it wins where electrification is not possible at all.\n        \n          On energy density\n          \n            Hydrogen has the highest energy content per kilogram of any common fuel, roughly three times that of diesel. But per unit of volume it is very low, which is the entire storage and transport problem. Any claim that hydrogen \u201cproduces more energy per unit of fuel\u201d must specify per kilogram or per litre, because the two lead to opposite conclusions.\n          \n        Storage and transport\n        \n          Moving hydrogen is the practical bottleneck. The options each carry different trade-offs between energy penalty, capital cost, and maturity.\n        \n        \n          Compressed gas \u2014 350 or 700 bar for mobility, simple and mature, but low volumetric density.\n          Liquid hydrogen \u2014 cryogenic at around minus 253\u00b0C, dense but energy-intensive to liquefy, with boil-off losses in storage.\n          Ammonia \u2014 an established global trade already exists, making it the leading candidate for intercontinental shipping; requires cracking back to hydrogen at the destination, or direct use.\n          Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) \u2014 handled like conventional liquid fuel at ambient conditions; the release step needs heat.\n          Methanol and synthetic fuels \u2014 hydrogen combined with captured CO\u2082, usable in existing infrastructure.\n          Salt caverns and depleted fields \u2014 the only realistic option for seasonal storage at scale, and geologically constrained by location.\n          Pipelines \u2014 the cheapest transport per unit over land, but hydrogen embrittles certain steels and existing gas networks require assessment and modification.\n        \n        Where hydrogen actually makes sense: practical applications\n        \n          The useful question is not whether hydrogen is good, but where it is the best available option. The consensus in current energy analysis has narrowed considerably: hydrogen wins in hard-to-abate sectors and loses where a wire and a battery will do.\n        \n        Application by sector\n          \n            \n              \n                Sector\n                Application\n                Assessment\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Refining\n                Hydrotreating and hydrocracking \u2014 already the largest existing consumer\n                Strong \u2014 switching existing grey hydrogen to low-carbon needs no new demand, only a cleaner supply\n              \n              \n                Ammonia and fertiliser\n                Feedstock for the Haber-Bosch process\n                Strong \u2014 no alternative chemistry; decarbonising the hydrogen decarbonises the product\n              \n              \n                Steel\n                Direct reduced iron replacing coking coal as the reductant\n                Strong \u2014 one of the few routes to near-zero primary steel; several commercial-scale plants under construction\n              \n              \n                Methanol and chemicals\n                Synthesis feedstock, often with captured CO\u2082\n                Strong \u2014 chemical necessity rather than energy choice\n              \n              \n                Shipping\n                Ammonia or methanol as marine fuel\n                Promising \u2014 batteries cannot cover ocean range; engine and bunkering development is active\n              \n              \n                Aviation\n                Synthetic kerosene from hydrogen and captured carbon; direct hydrogen aircraft further out\n                Promising for synthetic fuel; direct hydrogen aircraft face volume and airport infrastructure barriers\n              \n              \n                High-temperature industrial heat\n                Glass, cement, ceramics kilns above the reach of electric heating\n                Case by case \u2014 competes with electrification and biomass depending on temperature and site\n              \n              \n                Long-duration storage\n                Seasonal balancing of a high-renewables grid, stored in caverns\n                Promising where geology permits \u2014 round-trip efficiency is poor but the alternative at seasonal scale is limited\n              \n              \n                Heavy trucking\n                Fuel cell trucks on long-haul, high-utilisation routes\n                Contested \u2014 battery range and megawatt charging have narrowed the case considerably\n              \n              \n                Materials handling\n                Fuel cell forklifts in large warehouses and cold stores\n                Proven \u2014 fast refuelling and constant power output in multi-shift operation\n              \n              \n                Rail\n                Fuel cell trains on unelectrified regional lines\n                Niche \u2014 viable where overhead electrification is uneconomic; otherwise electrify\n              \n              \n                Passenger cars\n                Fuel cell electric vehicles\n                Weak \u2014 battery vehicles have won on efficiency, cost, and refuelling network\n              \n              \n                Domestic heating\n                Hydrogen boilers or blending into gas networks\n                Weak \u2014 heat pumps deliver far more heat per unit of electricity; independent analyses consistently disfavour it\n              \n              \n                Backup and off-grid power\n                Fuel cells for telecom sites, data centres, remote installations\n                Viable \u2014 displaces diesel gensets where runtime exceeds battery capability\n              \n            \n          \n          \n            The pattern is consistent: hydrogen is strongest where it is a chemical feedstock or where the energy density of a molecule is genuinely required. It is weakest wherever electricity can do the job directly.\n          \n        Standards, certification, and safety\n        The standards layer\n        \n          ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 \u2014 the life cycle assessment basis for any well-to-gate or well-to-wheel hydrogen carbon intensity claim.\n          ISO 14067 \u2014 product carbon footprint, the route to a defensible kg CO\u2082e per kg H\u2082 figure.\n          ISO 14687 \u2014 hydrogen fuel quality specification, which matters because PEM fuel cells are intolerant of contamination.\n          ISO 19880 \u2014 gaseous hydrogen fuelling station requirements.\n          ISO 22734 \u2014 hydrogen generators using water electrolysis.\n          Guarantee of origin and certification schemes \u2014 the mechanisms by which low-carbon hydrogen is verified and traded, which is what turns a technical figure into a commercial premium.\n        \n        Safety characteristics\n        \n          Hydrogen is not more or less dangerous than conventional fuels \u2014 it is dangerous differently, and the difference drives design. It has a very wide flammability range in air and a very low ignition energy, which means leak prevention and detection are paramount. It is buoyant and disperses upward rapidly, which is favourable outdoors and hazardous in enclosed spaces without high-level ventilation. Its flame is nearly invisible in daylight. It is odorless, and the odorants used in natural gas cannot simply be added where fuel cells are involved because they poison the catalyst. It embrittles some metals over time, which governs material selection in pipelines and vessels.\n        \n        The state of the market\n        \n          Two things are true at once, and both need saying. Announced global electrolyser project pipelines are very large, and installed operating capacity remains a small fraction of them \u2014 the gap between announcement and final investment decision is the defining feature of the sector at present. Costs of electrolysers have fallen and continue to fall with manufacturing scale, while the delivered cost of low-carbon hydrogen remains dominated by the price of electricity and the utilisation rate of the plant.\n        \n        \n          Policy is the main variable. Production incentives, contracts for difference, mandated quotas for industrial hydrogen use, and border carbon adjustment mechanisms all change the economics faster than the technology does. National hydrogen strategies now exist across Europe, North America, the Gulf, Japan, Korea, Australia, and China, with the Gulf and Australia positioned as exporters and Japan, Korea, and Europe as importers.\n        \n          A note on figures\n          \n            Cost figures, capacity numbers, and incentive levels in this sector move quickly and vary substantially by geography. Any project decision should be based on current site-specific data rather than headline global averages.\n          \n        Conclusion\n        \n          Hydrogen has a genuine and substantial role in the energy transition \u2014 but a narrower and more specific one than the early enthusiasm suggested. It is an energy carrier whose value depends on how it is produced, and its best applications are those where no simpler alternative exists: as a chemical feedstock in ammonia and refining, as a reductant in steelmaking, as a route to synthetic fuels for shipping and aviation, and as long-duration storage where geology allows.\n        \n        \n          Electrolysis, fuel cells, and combustion each have a place within that. Electrolysis is the production route that determines whether the hydrogen is clean. Fuel cells convert it back to electricity most efficiently. Combustion delivers high-grade heat while carrying a NO\u2093 obligation. The technology chosen follows from the application, the available energy, and the carbon intensity the customer or regulator will accept.\n        \n        \n          For any organization evaluating hydrogen, the decisive work is a life cycle assessment of the specific supply route against the specific alternative \u2014 not a comparison against the general idea of fossil fuels.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"How is Energy Produced from Hydrogen?\" data-d=\"1673836690\" data-m=\"1786550522\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-is-energy-produced-from-hydrogen\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Hydrogen_Energy-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Hydrogen_Energy-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Hydrogen_Energy-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Hydrogen_Energy-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Hydrogen_Energy.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Hydrogen_Energy-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">16 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 12 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-is-energy-produced-from-hydrogen\">How is Energy Produced from Hydrogen?<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Introduction The conversion of hydrogen into usable energy has become one of the most discussed routes in the energy transition. This article covers the methods of\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/how-is-energy-produced-from-hydrogen\" aria-label=\"Read the article: How is Energy Produced from Hydrogen?\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"The Differences Between Sustainability, Environmental Sustainability, and Sustainable Development Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Sustainability\n        \n          Sustainability is a significant idea that has recently attracted more attention. The need for sustainable practices has grown as the world\u2019s population continues to rise. This article will examine sustainability, go through the numerous factors that need to be considered while working towards a sustainable future, and provide examples of sustainable practices that may be used. It will also discuss the differences between sustainability, environmental sustainability, and sustainable development \u2014 and show how each one shows up in practice across a range of industries.\n        \n          \n            The first definition of sustainability is \u201cthe creation and use of resources that fulfill the requirements of the present without jeopardizing the capacity of future generations to meet their own needs\u201d (UNESCO, 2021). Sustainability, therefore, is about finding methods to make sure that the choices and actions we make now do not have a detrimental influence on the future. Given the current pace of resource depletion and the rising concern about how human activity affects the environment, this idea is crucial.\n          \n        Where the terms come from\n        \n          The three terms are not synonyms that drifted apart by accident. Each entered the vocabulary through a different route, and knowing which is which prevents most of the confusion.\n        \n        \n          Sustainability originates in resource management \u2014 the German forestry principle of harvesting no more than regrows. It describes a state or property: a system that can continue indefinitely.\n          Sustainable development was defined by the Brundtland Commission report Our Common Future in 1987 as development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It describes a process \u2014 how you get there.\n          Environmental sustainability is the ecological subset: the capacity of natural systems to remain productive and diverse over time. It is one pillar, not the whole structure.\n        \n        \n          The 2015 UN Agenda 2030 then translated sustainable development into seventeen Sustainable Development Goals with measurable targets and indicators, which is why the term now carries a concrete policy meaning rather than only a philosophical one.\n        \n        The three pillars, and an argument worth knowing\n        \n          Sustainability is conventionally described through three pillars \u2014 environmental, social, and economic, sometimes phrased as planet, people, and profit. They are usually drawn as three overlapping circles, with sustainability at the intersection.\n        \n        \n          There is a competing model worth knowing, because it changes the conclusions. In the nested model, the economy sits inside society, and society sits inside the environment \u2014 because an economy cannot exist without a functioning society, and neither can exist outside a functioning biosphere. Under the overlapping model, trade-offs between pillars are legitimate. Under the nested model, environmental limits are the outer boundary and are not tradeable.\n        \n          Weak and strong sustainability\n          \n            The same disagreement appears in economics. Weak sustainability holds that natural capital can be substituted with manufactured or financial capital \u2014 a depleted resource is acceptable if the proceeds build something of equal value. Strong sustainability holds that certain natural capital is critical and non-substitutable. Which position an organization implicitly takes determines what it considers an acceptable offset, and it is rarely stated out loud.\n          \n        Sustainability in practice\n        \n          Several sustainability-related factors must be considered when attempting to create a sustainable future. Foremost, it\u2019s crucial to encourage the use of renewable resources while reducing the usage of non-renewable ones. Using renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydropower, and promoting energy-saving techniques may help accomplish this.\n        \n        \n          Second, establishing a sustainable future depends on decreasing waste and boosting recycling. This may be accomplished by advocating the 3R concept \u2014 reduce, reuse, recycle \u2014 which includes supporting the decrease of single-use plastics and encouraging the recycling and reuse of resources.\n        \n        \n          Third, it\u2019s essential to promote sustainable agricultural methods. This involves encouraging sustainable irrigation techniques, crop rotation, and organic agricultural methods. Promoting sustainable consumption habits is crucial too. This entails encouraging environmentally friendly items, lowering animal products, and promoting purchasing things grown and manufactured nearby.\n        \n        \n          There are many instances of how sustainable practices may be put into effect. Businesses may lessen their influence on the environment by implementing energy-efficient equipment, renewable energy sources, and waste reduction techniques. Governments can support sustainability through their own energy sourcing, by encouraging corporate environmental impact reduction, and by financing research and development of renewable energy. Individuals may help by cutting down on animal products, using public transportation when available, decreasing energy use through efficient equipment, cutting waste by recycling and composting, and supporting companies that adhere to sustainable business practices.\n        \n        Environmental sustainability\n        \n          Environmental sustainability refers to an ecosystem\u2019s capacity to maintain and grow its inhabitants while remaining healthy and balanced. It is a crucial aspect of contemporary existence since human civilization is becoming more dependent on ecosystems and natural resources for survival. Protecting and preserving natural resources, minimizing adverse environmental effects, and promoting sustainable practices across all facets of life are all included in environmental sustainability.\n        \n        \n          Environmental protection \u2014 maintaining and repairing the environment via renewable resources, lowering pollution, and safeguarding biodiversity \u2014 is where the phrase is most often employed. It involves preserving ecosystems and species, safeguarding air and water quality, and minimizing human activity\u2019s effects on the environment. It also includes protecting natural resources: preserving forests, wetlands, and other ecosystems to shield them from human activity, and restoring ecosystems already harmed.\n        \n        \n          The encouragement of eco-friendly behaviors and lifestyles is another component. This involves minimizing energy consumption through efficient appliances and lighting, using renewable energy sources such as solar and wind instead of fossil fuels, and reducing waste via reuse, recycling, and composting. To lessen the adverse effects of agriculture, sustainable farming employs techniques such as crop rotation, integrated pest control, and organic methods.\n        \n        \n          An essential component of the worldwide response to climate change is environmental sustainability. Reducing greenhouse gases is essential since they play a significant role in climate change and global warming. Through the Paris Agreement, which seeks to hold the increase in global temperatures well below 2\u00b0C above pre-industrial levels while pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5\u00b0C, nations have committed to cutting their emissions. Countries must also adapt to the impacts of a changing climate \u2014 rising temperatures, severe weather events, and rising sea levels \u2014 besides lowering emissions.\n        \n        \n          Sustainability in the environment is crucial for both the environment and human health. Unsustainable activities like deforestation, overfishing, and pollution can increase the incidence of respiratory disease and water-borne illness, among other health problems. Degradation of the environment may also have detrimental effects on the economy by resulting in job losses and decreased productivity.\n        \n        \n          A comprehensive strategy is needed since environmental sustainability is a complicated and linked subject. This involves lowering greenhouse gas emissions, protecting natural resources, and encouraging environmentally friendly behaviors. It also necessitates adopting economically and ecologically viable measures, such as sustainable agricultural practices, renewable energy sources, and energy efficiency.\n        \n        Sustainable development\n        \n          Sustainable development is known as achieving human development objectives while preserving the environment and the resources required for the future. This idea has been around for a while. Still, as the world\u2019s population has expanded and human activity has significantly influenced the environment, it has recently gained greater significance. To make sure everyone has a viable future, sustainable development aims to balance social justice, environmental preservation, and economic progress.\n        \n        \n          The principle behind sustainable development is that present societal requirements should be satisfied without compromising the capacity of future generations to satisfy their own needs. This idea has expanded to include several economic, environmental, and social concerns, including reducing poverty, protecting resources, and preventing climate change. Governments, corporations, and international organizations have adopted it to build a more just and sustainable society.\n        \n          \n            The United Nations has outlined seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to lead the world toward a more sustainable future. These objectives include ending hunger and poverty, providing everyone with access to clean water, strengthening education, and advancing gender equality. The SDGs aim to address climate change, protect natural resources and energy, and reduce pollution. They are designed with interdependence and mutual support in mind, so advancement in one area may aid advancement in others.\n          \n        \n          Being a complicated concept, sustainable development requires the cooperation of several parties, including corporations, governments, and civil society groups. Governments are crucial in advancing sustainability by creating policies and financial support for education, technology, and infrastructure. Businesses may contribute by creating more sustainable goods and services and investing in green technology like renewable energy. Civil society organizations may assist by promoting stronger environmental protection and educating people about the value of sustainability.\n        \n        \n          Improved international cooperation is also necessary. Collaboration across borders is crucial to solving global issues like resource depletion, pollution, and climate change, which means nations must cooperate in developing solutions and pooling their resources and knowledge.\n        \n        What is the difference between sustainability and sustainable development?\n          \n            Sustainability means wisely using resources to preserve them for future generations. It is an expansive notion that considers the impact of our consumer habits, economic activity, and way of life on the environment and its resources. Sustainable development relies on economic growth to provide for human needs while protecting the environment for future generations. It is a process that combines economic, social, and environmental goals so that development is both fair and environmentally sound.\n          \n        The three terms side by side\n          \n            \n              \n                Aspect\n                Sustainability\n                Environmental sustainability\n                Sustainable development\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                What it is\n                A state or property \u2014 a system that can continue indefinitely\n                A subset \u2014 the ecological dimension of that state\n                A process \u2014 how development gets there\n              \n              \n                Scope\n                Environmental, social, and economic together\n                Ecosystems, resources, pollution, biodiversity, climate\n                Human development goals balanced against environmental limits\n              \n              \n                Time framing\n                Indefinite continuation\n                Ecological carrying capacity over time\n                Intergenerational equity \u2014 present needs versus future capacity\n              \n              \n                Typical owner\n                Any actor \u2014 individual, company, city, nation\n                Environmental, EHS, and technical functions\n                Governments, development institutions, policy\n              \n              \n                Measured by\n                ESG metrics, footprints, materiality assessments\n                LCA, GHG inventories, water and biodiversity indicators\n                SDG indicators, national and corporate contribution mapping\n              \n              \n                Common misuse\n                Used as a synonym for environmental only\n                Presented as the whole of sustainability\n                Treated as a claim rather than a measurable process\n              \n            \n          \n        How this looks in practice, by sector\n        \n          The distinction stops being academic the moment it reaches an operating budget. The table below shows how each concept translates into concrete work across industries \u2014 environmental sustainability as the technical action, and sustainable development as the wider goal the action serves.\n        \n        Sector examples\n          \n            \n              \n                Sector\n                Environmental sustainability in practice\n                Sustainable development dimension\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Oil and gas\n                Methane leak detection and repair, flaring reduction, refinery energy integration, CCUS on process units, fuel-pathway carbon intensity modelling\n                Managing a just transition for a workforce and for regions whose public revenue depends on the sector\n              \n              \n                Chemicals and petrochemicals\n                Feedstock substitution, heat integration, solvent recovery, product carbon footprints per grade, process simulation to cut steam demand\n                Chemical safety and community exposure around plants, plus affordable inputs for food and health supply chains\n              \n              \n                Construction and cement\n                Clinker substitution, EPDs for materials, embodied carbon assessment at design stage, demolition waste recovery\n                Affordable and resilient housing and infrastructure, occupational safety on site\n              \n              \n                Electronics and semiconductors\n                Process gas abatement, ultrapure water recycling, energy intensity per wafer, design for repair and disassembly\n                Responsible mineral sourcing, labour conditions in the supply chain, e-waste in importing countries\n              \n              \n                Automotive and transport\n                Life cycle comparison of powertrains, battery material footprints, logistics optimisation, end-of-life vehicle recovery\n                Access to mobility, urban air quality, employment shifts as drivetrains change\n              \n              \n                Food and agriculture\n                Water footprint by crop and basin, fertiliser and soil carbon management, deforestation-free sourcing, food loss reduction\n                Farmer livelihoods, food security and nutrition, land rights\n              \n              \n                Textiles and apparel\n                Dyeing and finishing water and chemical management, fibre choice, microfibre release, take-back and recycling\n                Wages and working conditions in manufacturing countries, gender equity in the workforce\n              \n              \n                Packaging\n                Material reduction, recyclability by design, recycled content verification, comparative LCA rather than assumption\n                Waste infrastructure in destination markets, extended producer responsibility financing\n              \n              \n                Power and utilities\n                Generation mix, grid emission factors, land and water use of renewables, transmission losses\n                Energy access and affordability, reliability for hospitals, schools, and industry\n              \n              \n                Mining and metals\n                Tailings management, water balance, rehabilitation planning, energy intensity per tonne, secondary metal recovery\n                Community consent, local employment, revenue transparency, post-closure regional economy\n              \n              \n                ICT and data centres\n                Power usage effectiveness, cooling water, hardware refresh cycles, renewable procurement and its verification\n                Digital inclusion, and the local resource competition a data centre creates in a water-stressed region\n              \n              \n                Healthcare and pharma\n                Anaesthetic gas and inhaler emissions, cold chain energy, active ingredient discharge, single-use device footprints\n                Access to essential medicines and continuity of care\n              \n              \n                Finance and insurance\n                Financed emissions across the portfolio, physical and transition risk assessment, screening criteria\n                Capital allocation toward development outcomes, financial inclusion, avoiding harm through investment\n              \n              \n                Hospitality and tourism\n                Energy and water per guest night, food waste, single-use amenities, local sourcing\n                Local economic retention, cultural preservation, seasonal employment quality\n              \n            \n          \n          Reading the table\n          \n            The middle column is measurable and can be verified; the right column is directional and usually cannot be reduced to a single number. Confusing the two is what produces sustainability reports full of ambition and short of evidence.\n          \n        Where organizations get the distinction wrong\n        \n          1Calling an environmental programme a sustainability strategy. Cutting energy is environmental sustainability. If nothing addresses labour, supply chain conditions, or governance, the strategy covers one pillar of three.\n          2Claiming SDG alignment without measurement. Mapping existing activities to SDG icons is a communications exercise. Contribution is claimed at target and indicator level, not at goal level.\n          3Treating trade-offs as if they do not exist. A biofuel that lowers emissions may raise water and land pressure. Sustainable development means naming the trade-off and justifying it, not omitting it.\n          4Reporting effort instead of outcome. The number of initiatives launched is not a result. Emissions, water, and waste per unit of output are.\n          5Ignoring the value chain. In most sectors the material impacts sit upstream or in the use phase, not on the company\u2019s own site.\n        \n        The standards and reporting layer\n        \n          Each concept has a body of methodology attached to it, which is what turns intention into something reviewable.\n        \n        \n          ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 \u2014 life cycle assessment, the basis for quantifying environmental performance of products and processes.\n          ISO 14046 for water footprint, ISO 14067 for product carbon footprint, ISO 14064-1 and the GHG Protocol for organizational emissions.\n          ISO 14001 \u2014 environmental management systems, the operational frame for continual improvement.\n          ISO 26000 and Social LCA guidance \u2014 the social pillar, which is where most organizations are weakest.\n          GRI, ESRS under CSRD, IFRS S1 and S2 \u2014 the disclosure frameworks that determine what has to be reported and how materiality is assessed.\n          UN SDG indicator framework \u2014 the reference for any claim of contribution to sustainable development.\n        \n        Conclusion\n        \n          To sum up, sustainability is a crucial idea that must be considered while working for a sustainable future. Several factors must be weighed \u2014 lowering the use of non-renewable resources, cutting waste, and supporting sustainable agricultural techniques among them \u2014 and there are many instances of organizations, governments, and people adopting sustainable methods.\n        \n        \n          The distinction between the three terms is simple once stated plainly. Sustainability is the destination, covering environmental, social, and economic dimensions together. Environmental sustainability is the ecological part of that destination, and it is the part that can be measured with established methods. Sustainable development is the road \u2014 the process of meeting present needs without removing future capacity, now expressed through the SDGs.\n        \n        \n          Using the right term is not pedantry. It determines which standard applies, which function owns the work, what gets measured, and whether an external reviewer will accept the claim.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"The Differences Between Sustainability, Environmental Sustainability, and Sustainable Development\" data-d=\"1673766362\" data-m=\"1786550138\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/the-differences-between-sustainability-environmental-sustainability-and-sustainable-development\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Sustainability_DEISO-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Sustainability_DEISO-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Sustainability_DEISO-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Sustainability_DEISO-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Sustainability_DEISO.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Sustainability_DEISO-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">15 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 14 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/the-differences-between-sustainability-environmental-sustainability-and-sustainable-development\">The Differences Between Sustainability, Environmental Sustainability, and Sustainable Development<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Sustainability Sustainability is a significant idea that has recently attracted more attention. The need for sustainable practices has grown as the world\u2019s population continues to rise.\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/the-differences-between-sustainability-environmental-sustainability-and-sustainable-development\" aria-label=\"Read the article: The Differences Between Sustainability, Environmental Sustainability, and Sustainable Development\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Briefing: Waste Management in Developing Countries Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Introduction\n        \n          The world is facing a development crisis due to the rapid increase in population and its need for resources. The volume of waste created and its subsequent disposal is an increasingly pressing issue. Waste management is essential to any development strategy and is especially relevant in developing countries. This article will explore the waste management concept in developing countries, outlining the problems and challenges of inadequate waste management and the potential solutions available.\n        \n        Waste management in developing countries\n          \n            Developing countries often face inadequate infrastructure and resources, resulting in poor waste management practices. This contributes to environmental pollution, health concerns, and economic losses. Many developing countries also face limited budgets and resources, further complicating managing waste.\n          \n        \n          The pattern is structural rather than accidental. Waste volumes rise with population growth, urbanisation, and rising incomes, while the municipal capacity to collect and treat that waste tends to grow far more slowly. The gap opens fastest in peri-urban areas and informal settlements, where service coverage is thinnest and population density is highest.\n        \n        Key challenges\n        Inadequate waste collection\n        \n          Inadequate waste collection is one of the significant issues facing developing countries. Poor collection and disposal of waste results in it being left on the streets, which can lead to health and environmental hazards. Poor waste collection can also lead to the inefficient use of resources, as uncollected waste can be challenging to recover and reuse. A further issue is that waste streams are mixed at source, with no separation between organics, recyclables, and hazardous fractions \u2014 which makes everything downstream harder and more expensive.\n        \n        Poor waste disposal\n        \n          Poor waste disposal is another challenge faced by many developing countries. Without proper disposal systems, waste is often disposed of in landfills or open dumps, contaminating water and soil. This can lead to health hazards and environmental degradation. Uncontrolled waste burning, a common practice in many developing countries, can lead to air pollution and public health concerns.\n        \n        \n          Unsanitary landfills and open dumpsites differ from engineered landfills in ways that matter: no liner to prevent leachate reaching groundwater, no gas capture, no daily cover, and often no control over who enters the site. Each of those absences carries a measurable environmental and health cost.\n        \n        Lack of recycling\n        \n          Many developing countries lack the resources and infrastructure for effective waste recycling. Without proper recycling facilities, much of the waste produced is discarded. This leads to inefficient use of resources and contributes to environmental pollution. Where recycling does happen, it is frequently driven by material value rather than environmental policy \u2014 metals and high-value plastics are recovered, while low-value materials and organics are not.\n        \n        Lack of education\n        \n          A lack of education about waste management is a significant problem in many developing countries. Without understanding the importance of proper waste management, people will not be motivated to adopt more sustainable practices. Source separation in particular depends entirely on household behaviour, and no collection system can compensate for its absence.\n        \n        Financing and cost recovery\n        \n          Solid waste management is often among the largest single line items in a municipal budget, and one of the least likely to have a reliable revenue stream attached. Where user fees are absent, uncollected, or politically difficult to raise, collection coverage is the first thing to be cut. Any technical solution that ignores cost recovery tends not to survive its first budget cycle.\n        \n        The informal sector\n        \n          In many cities, a substantial share of material recovery is performed by informal waste pickers operating outside any formal system. They provide a real service at no cost to the municipality, under hazardous conditions and without protection or recognition. Formalisation programmes that integrate these workers \u2014 rather than displacing them \u2014 have generally performed better than those that treat the informal sector as a problem to be removed.\n        \n        The waste hierarchy as a planning frame\n        \n          The waste hierarchy orders options by environmental preference. It is worth applying explicitly, because the most common failure in waste planning is jumping to a disposal solution when the cheaper and more effective interventions sit higher up.\n        \n        \n          1Prevention \u2014 avoiding waste generation in the first place, through product design, procurement, and consumption change.\n          2Reuse \u2014 keeping products and components in use for their original purpose.\n          3Recycling \u2014 reprocessing materials into new products, including composting and anaerobic digestion of organics.\n          4Recovery \u2014 extracting energy or other value where material recycling is not viable.\n          5Disposal \u2014 engineered landfill as the last resort, not the default.\n        \n          A note on sequencing\n          \n            In contexts where collection coverage is still incomplete, establishing reliable collection generally delivers more environmental and health benefit per unit of spend than investing in advanced treatment. Treatment capacity that receives no waste solves nothing.\n          \n        The climate and health dimensions\n        \n          Waste management is not only a sanitation issue. Organic waste decomposing anaerobically in dumpsites and unsanitary landfills generates methane, a greenhouse gas with a global warming potential many times that of carbon dioxide over a hundred-year horizon. Because organics typically make up a large share of the waste stream in lower-income settings, diverting and treating that fraction is often the single largest climate lever available in the sector.\n        \n        \n          Open burning releases particulate matter, dioxins, furans, and black carbon, with direct respiratory consequences for nearby populations and a further climate effect. Uncollected waste blocks drainage, which worsens flooding, and standing water in accumulated waste supports disease vectors. The health burden falls disproportionately on the communities living closest to dumpsites, who are usually the ones with the least capacity to move.\n        \n        Where improvement typically starts\n        \n          The interventions that hold up over time tend to share a few characteristics: they extend service before adding technology, they secure a revenue mechanism, and they build the data needed to make the next decision.\n        \n        \n          Establish a waste characterisation baseline \u2014 composition, generation rate, and seasonal variation. Without it, every subsequent capacity decision is a guess.\n          Extend collection coverage before investing in treatment, prioritising unserved and underserved areas.\n          Divert organics through composting or anaerobic digestion, which addresses the largest fraction, the methane, and the odour and vector problems at once.\n          Upgrade dumpsites progressively \u2014 controlled disposal, leachate management, and gas capture \u2014 rather than waiting for a full engineered landfill that may never be funded.\n          Integrate the informal sector with recognition, protective equipment, and access to material streams.\n          Build cost recovery into the design, whether through user fees, extended producer responsibility, or municipal budget allocation.\n          Invest in education and communication, since source separation and fee compliance both depend on household participation.\n        \n        Data on the status of waste management in developing countries\n        \n          The World Bank has published two essential reports on the global waste status, focusing on waste management and developing countries. These remain the standard reference point for baseline figures on generation rates, composition, collection coverage, and disposal practice by income group and region.\n        \n          Sources\n          The first report is \u201cWhat a Waste 1.0\u201d.\n          The second report is \u201cWhat a Waste 2.0\u201d.\n          You can also visit the DEISO Data Bank for waste management in developing countries.\n        Conclusion\n        \n          Waste management is essential to any development strategy and is especially relevant in developing countries. Poor waste management can lead to health and environmental hazards and economic losses. Improving the waste collection, disposal, recycling, and education can help to address the waste management challenges faced by developing countries and create a more sustainable future.\n        \n        \n          The sequencing matters as much as the ambition. Collection coverage first, organics diversion next, controlled disposal alongside, and cost recovery underneath all of it \u2014 with a characterisation baseline making each step defensible rather than assumed.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Briefing: Waste Management in Developing Countries\" data-d=\"1673765615\" data-m=\"1786549895\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-waste-management-in-developing-countries\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/waste_management_DEISO-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/waste_management_DEISO-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/waste_management_DEISO-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/waste_management_DEISO-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/waste_management_DEISO.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/waste_management_DEISO-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">15 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 7 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-waste-management-in-developing-countries\">Briefing: Waste Management in Developing Countries<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Introduction The world is facing a development crisis due to the rapid increase in population and its need for resources. The volume of waste created and\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-waste-management-in-developing-countries\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Briefing: Waste Management in Developing Countries\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Briefing: What the Greenhouse Gases Protocol? Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Briefing: what is the Greenhouse Gas Protocol?\n        \n          The Greenhouse Gas Protocol is the international accounting framework used to measure, manage, and report greenhouse gas emissions. It is a joint initiative of the World Resources Institute and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), and it is the reference most corporate emissions figures in the world are built on \u2014 including those underpinning CDP disclosure, science-based targets, and, increasingly, statutory reporting.\n        \n        \n          Its purpose is narrow and useful: to make emissions figures from different companies, sectors, and countries mean the same thing. Without a common set of rules on what to count, where the boundary sits, and how to convert gases into a single unit, two companies of identical size can publish wildly different numbers while both being technically honest.\n        \n        The standards family\n        \n          The Protocol is not one document. It is a set of standards, each answering a different question, plus sector guidance and calculation tools built on top of them.\n        \n        \n          Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard \u2014 the foundation. Defines organizational and operational boundaries and the Scope 1, 2, and 3 structure for a company-level inventory.\n          Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Standard \u2014 the fifteen upstream and downstream categories that make up indirect value chain emissions.\n          Product Life Cycle Accounting and Reporting Standard \u2014 cradle-to-grave emissions attributable to a single product or service.\n          Scope 2 Guidance \u2014 introduced the dual reporting requirement: location-based and market-based figures must both be disclosed.\n          Project Protocol \u2014 quantifying reductions from a specific project, used in offset and intervention accounting.\n          GHG Protocol for Cities and Mitigation Goal Standard \u2014 the public sector counterparts for city inventories and national or subnational targets.\n        \n        The five accounting principles\n        \n          Every judgement call in an inventory \u2014 and there are many \u2014 is meant to be resolved against these five principles. They are the part of the Protocol most often skipped and most often the reason an inventory fails review.\n        \n        \n          1Relevance \u2014 the inventory reflects the emissions of the company and serves the decision-making needs of its users, internal and external.\n          2Completeness \u2014 all sources within the chosen boundary are accounted for; any exclusion is disclosed and justified.\n          3Consistency \u2014 methodologies allow meaningful comparison over time; any change in method, boundary, or data is documented.\n          4Transparency \u2014 assumptions, calculation methods, and data sources are disclosed clearly enough for a third party to follow them.\n          5Accuracy \u2014 quantification is neither systematically over nor under actual emissions, with uncertainty reduced as far as is practicable.\n        \n        Setting the boundary\n        \n          Before a single figure is collected, two boundary decisions have to be made. Getting these wrong is the most common structural error in a first inventory, and it invalidates year-on-year comparison later.\n        \n        Organizational boundary\n        \n          Equity share approach \u2014 the company accounts for emissions according to its share of equity in an operation.\n          Financial control \u2014 the company accounts for 100 percent of emissions from operations over which it has financial control.\n          Operational control \u2014 the company accounts for 100 percent of emissions from operations where it has authority to introduce and implement operating policies. This is the most commonly chosen approach.\n        \n        Operational boundary\n        \n          Once the organizational boundary is fixed, emissions inside it are classified as direct or indirect, and sorted into the three scopes below.\n        \n        The three scopes\n        Scope structure at a glance\n          \n            \n              \n                Scope\n                Type\n                What it covers\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Scope 1\n                Direct\n                Emissions from sources owned or controlled by the company: stationary combustion, mobile combustion in the company fleet, process emissions, and fugitive emissions such as refrigerant leakage.\n              \n              \n                Scope 2\n                Indirect \u2014 energy\n                Emissions from purchased electricity, steam, heating, and cooling consumed by the company. Reported twice: location-based using grid average factors, and market-based using contractual instruments.\n              \n              \n                Scope 3\n                Indirect \u2014 value chain\n                All other indirect emissions across fifteen categories, upstream and downstream. For most companies this is the majority of the total footprint, often by a wide margin.\n              \n            \n          \n          On Scope 2 dual reporting\n          \n            The location-based figure reflects the average intensity of the grid the company draws from. The market-based figure reflects the electricity the company has contracted for, through power purchase agreements, supplier-specific factors, or energy attribute certificates. Both must be reported; quoting only the market-based number is a common and material omission.\n          \n        The fifteen Scope 3 categories\n        \n          Scope 3 is where most of the emissions and most of the difficulty sit. The Protocol splits it into eight upstream and seven downstream categories. A company is expected to screen all fifteen, then report those that are relevant and material, disclosing and justifying any exclusion.\n        \n        Upstream\n        \n          1Purchased goods and services\n          2Capital goods\n          3Fuel- and energy-related activities not already in Scope 1 or 2\n          4Upstream transportation and distribution\n          5Waste generated in operations\n          6Business travel\n          7Employee commuting\n          8Upstream leased assets\n        \n        Downstream\n        \n          9Downstream transportation and distribution\n          10Processing of sold products\n          11Use of sold products\n          12End-of-life treatment of sold products\n          13Downstream leased assets\n          14Franchises\n          15Investments\n        \n          Where studies usually go wrong\n          \n            Category 1 and category 11 dominate the total in most sectors, and both depend on data the company does not directly hold \u2014 supplier data upstream, and use-phase assumptions downstream. An inventory that reports only travel, commuting, and waste has covered the easy categories and missed the footprint.\n          \n        Base year, recalculation, and global warming potentials\n        \n          An inventory is only useful if this year can be compared with last year. Two mechanisms make that possible.\n        \n        \n          Base year \u2014 a reference year against which progress is tracked. The Protocol requires a documented base year recalculation policy, triggered by structural changes such as acquisitions, divestments, outsourcing, or methodology changes that exceed a stated significance threshold.\n          Global warming potentials \u2014 the factors converting each gas into carbon dioxide equivalent over a 100-year horizon. These are revised with each IPCC assessment report, so the AR version used must be stated. A figure calculated on AR4 factors is not directly comparable with one on AR6.\n          Data quality and uncertainty \u2014 where activity data is unavailable, spend-based or average-data methods may be used, but the method and its limitations should be disclosed rather than buried.\n        \n        How the Protocol relates to ISO 14064-1\n        \n          These two are complements, not competitors, and both are frequently required at once.\n        \n        \n          The GHG Protocol is the accounting methodology \u2014 it tells you how to build the inventory and what the scopes contain.\n          ISO 14064-1 is the specification an inventory can be certified against, using the categories of direct and indirect emissions rather than the scope numbering.\n          ISO 14064-3 governs the validation and verification of the resulting assertion, and ISO 14065 the bodies that perform it.\n        \n        \n          In practice an inventory is often prepared under the GHG Protocol and reported in a form that also satisfies ISO 14064-1, then verified under ISO 14064-3 so the figures carry third-party assurance.\n        \n        What the Protocol does not do\n        \n          The Protocol provides a framework, not a mandate. It does not set reduction targets, does not tell a company what its emissions ought to be, and does not verify anything \u2014 assurance comes from a separate standard and an accredited body. Nor does it determine materiality thresholds for you; those judgements sit with the reporting company and are exactly what a reviewer will question.\n        \n          \n            Companies that adopt the Protocol are expected to follow its rules and be transparent in their reporting, to show that what they present is accurate and complete, and to make their GHG data accessible to external stakeholders including regulators, customers, and investors.\n          \n        Why it matters commercially\n        \n          A GHG inventory built to the Protocol is now a precondition for a growing list of commercial activities: responding to a CDP request, submitting a target to the Science Based Targets initiative, meeting CSRD and ESRS E1 reporting requirements in Europe, satisfying IFRS S2 climate disclosure, and answering the supplier questionnaires large enterprises increasingly attach to procurement.\n        \n        \n          More directly, the inventory is what makes reduction possible. Until the emissions are quantified by source, decisions about where to invest are guesswork \u2014 and in most companies the answer turns out to be somewhere in the value chain rather than on the site.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"Briefing: What the Greenhouse Gases Protocol?\" data-d=\"1673764635\" data-m=\"1786549702\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-what-the-greenhouse-gases-protocol\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Protocol-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">15 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 7 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-what-the-greenhouse-gases-protocol\">Briefing: What the Greenhouse Gases Protocol?<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Briefing: what is the Greenhouse Gas Protocol? The Greenhouse Gas Protocol is the international accounting framework used to measure, manage, and report greenhouse gas emissions. It\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-what-the-greenhouse-gases-protocol\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Briefing: What the Greenhouse Gases Protocol?\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"What is Water Footprint, and How to Measure it? Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Introduction\n          \n            Water is a vital resource for life, and its availability and quality are essential for economic growth and the welfare of people. It is crucial to comprehend how much water is being used and where it comes from as the demand for water rises due to population development, industrialization, and irrigation. The quantity of water needed to generate a good or service is measured by the \u201cwater footprint.\u201d The green water footprint, the blue water footprint, and the gray water footprint make up this total. The water footprint, its elements, its governing standards, and its significance in comprehending the water problem will all be covered in this article.\n          \n        What does \u201cwater footprint\u201d mean?\n        \n          The water footprint quantifies the amount of water required to provide a commodity or service. It estimates how much water is utilized by a certain person, organization, or region. This sum includes the green water footprint, blue water footprint, and gray water footprint.\n        \n        Green water footprint\n        \n          The quantity of rainwater utilized for crop irrigation and production is known as the \u201cgreen water footprint.\u201d It is expressed in cubic meters per year and square meters. Since green water is the main water supply for agriculture, it is the most significant part of the water footprint. As the water evaporates from the soil or plants and is not visible, it is also the least noticeable.\n        \n        Blue water footprint\n        \n          The quantity of surface and groundwater required for production is known as the \u201cblue water footprint.\u201d It is expressed in cubic meters per year and square meters. It encompasses groundwaters, aquifers, and surface water, like rivers, streams, and lakes. Blue water is significant since it is the water that people and businesses utilize most frequently.\n        \n        Gray water footprint\n        \n          The quantity of contaminated water released from manufacturing is known as the gray water footprint. It includes water that chemicals or other industrial contaminants have tainted. Since this water is visible in the environment, this part of the water footprint is the most evident.\n        \n        The standards behind water footprint assessment\n        \n          The green, blue, and gray model above is the volumetric approach popularised by the Water Footprint Network. It is useful and widely cited, but it is not the same as the international standard. Where a water footprint is intended for external communication, procurement, or disclosure, it should be produced against ISO 14046.\n        \n        ISO 14046 \u2014 water footprint principles, requirements and guidelines\n        \n          ISO 14046 sets the requirements for water footprint assessment of products, processes, and organizations. Its defining feature is that a water footprint under this standard is impact-based, not purely volumetric: water use is characterised against local conditions rather than simply summed as cubic meters. Two liters withdrawn in a water-scarce basin and two liters withdrawn where water is abundant do not carry the same footprint.\n        \n        \n          A water footprint may be reported as a standalone assessment or as part of a wider LCA.\n          Results must carry geographic and temporal resolution \u2014 a water footprint without location and time reference is not compliant.\n          Both water quantity and water quality impacts are within scope, covering availability, scarcity, and degradation.\n          The term \u201cwater footprint\u201d used alone implies a comprehensive assessment; a single-issue result must be labelled accordingly, for example water scarcity footprint.\n          A critical review is required where comparative assertions are disclosed to the public.\n        \n        The supporting framework\n        \n          ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 \u2014 the life cycle assessment framework ISO 14046 is built on: goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation.\n          ISO 14026 \u2014 principles and requirements for communicating footprint information, relevant when the result goes to market.\n          ISO 14067 \u2014 the parallel standard for carbon footprint of products, frequently run alongside a water footprint in the same study.\n        \n          Please note\n          \n            Volumetric green, blue, and gray figures and ISO 14046 impact results are not interchangeable, and should not be compared against one another or presented as the same metric. Which approach applies depends on what the result will be used for.\n          \n  \n        Worked example\n        Why it is essential and how to calculate your water footprint\n          \n            A product, process, or service\u2019s water footprint is the total water utilized in its development, production, and consumption. It measures the volume of water used or contaminated throughout the creation and consumption of a good or service. The water footprint may identify places where water resources are being utilized inefficiently or where there is room for improvement.\n          \n        The first step\n        \n          The first step in determining a water footprint is to identify the numerous water sources utilized in creating, manufacturing, and consuming a good, process, or service \u2014 both direct and indirect. Direct sources include liquids used for cleaning, cooling, and irrigation. Water used to produce power or provide inputs for production is an example of an indirect source. Under ISO 14046 this step is the goal and scope definition, and it must fix the system boundary, the functional unit, and the geographic and temporal coverage of the data before any figures are collected.\n        \n        The next step\n        \n          The water utilized may be estimated once those sources have been recognized. Various techniques can do this, including the Global Water Footprint Standard and the Water Footprint Calculator from the Water Footprint Network. These techniques account for variables including the water\u2019s color (blue, green, or grey), quantity, and kind of activity. Where the study follows ISO 14046, the inventory is then characterised using an impact assessment method that reflects local water availability, so the result expresses scarcity or degradation rather than volume alone.\n        \n        \n          The effectiveness of the water consumption may also be assessed by comparing the water footprint to a benchmark, for example against comparable items from the same industry. This makes it possible to pinpoint wasteful water consumption and potential improvement areas.\n        \n        An example: 1 kg beef cattle at an Irish beef farm\n        \n          This process example of \u201c1 kg beef cattle for slaughter, at beef farm\u201d describes the production of beef cattle for slaughter at an average farm in Ireland. The total water footprint per 1 kg of production is 0.2609 m\u00b3, broken down across the contributing processes below.\n        \n        Product: 1 kg beef cattle for slaughter, at beef farm\n          \n            \n              \n                Contributing process\n                Water footprint (m\u00b3)\n                Share of total\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                Total\n                0.2609\n                100%\n              \n              \n                Compound feed, beef cattle\n                0.2565\n                98.3%\n              \n              \n                Grass silage, at beef farm\n                0.0021\n                0.8%\n              \n              \n                Grass, grazed in pasture\n                0.0014\n                0.5%\n              \n              \n                Electricity mix\n                0.0006\n                0.2%\n              \n              \n                Energy, from diesel burned in machinery\n                0.0003\n                0.1%\n              \n              \n                Transport, truck\n                0.00000242\n                &lt;0.01%\n              \n            \n          \n          What the contribution analysis shows\n          \n            Compound feed accounts for roughly 98 percent of the total, while transport is negligible at six decimal places. This is the pattern a water footprint study is meant to expose \u2014 where reduction effort actually pays, and where it does not.\n          \n  \n        Why it matters\n        The water footprint\u2019s value\n        \n          An essential tool for comprehending the water situation is the water footprint. It measures how much water is used by various people, businesses, and geographical areas. We can better understand water sources and how to manage them sustainably by being aware of how much is consumed.\n        \n        \n          The water footprint may compare how much water is utilized by various goods and services. Businesses may choose which goods and services to create and use with more knowledge of the water footprint of multiple goods and services.\n        \n        \n          The water footprint may also analyze the environmental impacts of water use. We can better comprehend the ecological impact by studying the water footprint of various activities \u2014 for instance, the effects of industrial activities on water pollution and on the supply available for irrigation.\n        \n        Finally\n        \n          Determining a water footprint is crucial for understanding the water resources used in a particular activity and locating places where water resources are being used inefficiently. Understanding the water sources utilized during the creation, processing, and consumption of a good, process, or service is crucial in determining the effects of the water used. To identify areas for improvement, the water footprint should then be compared to a benchmark or norm.\n        \n        Conclusion\n          \n            The water footprint is a means to gauge how much water certain groups of people, businesses, and geographical areas utilize. The green, blue, and gray water footprints are the three parts: gray calculates the quantity of contaminated water discharged from production, blue calculates the surface and groundwater utilized for production, and green calculates the rainfall used for irrigation. Knowing the sources of water and how to manage them sustainably, comparing various products and services based on how much water they consume, and comprehending the effects that water use has on the ecosystem are all made possible by understanding the water footprint. Where the result is going to be published or used in procurement, ISO 14046 is the reference to work against.\n          \n        Training programs\n        \n          We offer at DEISO cutting-edge, professional, and certified sustainability training programs for organizations and individuals.\n        \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"What is Water Footprint, and How to Measure it?\" data-d=\"1673694079\" data-m=\"1786549148\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-water-footprint-and-how-to-measure-it\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Water_Foot_Print-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Water_Foot_Print-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Water_Foot_Print-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Water_Foot_Print-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Water_Foot_Print.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Water_Foot_Print-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">14 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 8 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-water-footprint-and-how-to-measure-it\">What is Water Footprint, and How to Measure it?<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Introduction Water is a vital resource for life, and its availability and quality are essential for economic growth and the welfare of people. It is crucial\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-water-footprint-and-how-to-measure-it\" aria-label=\"Read the article: What is Water Footprint, and How to Measure it?\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Briefing: GaBi Software for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Overview\n        \n          GaBi is a professional Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) software platform used to model and evaluate the environmental impacts of products, technologies, services, and systems. By analysing the effects associated with goods, services, and processes across their life cycle, organizations can identify where impacts concentrate and which options reduce them. Alongside environmental assessment, the platform supports Life Cycle Costing (LCC) and Life Cycle Working Environment (LCWE), so economic and social dimensions can be modelled on the same system boundary.\n        \n          A naming note\n          \n            GaBi was developed by thinkstep and is now part of the Sphera portfolio, where it has been folded into the LCA for Experts product line. Existing literature, training material, and job descriptions still refer to it as GaBi, and both names describe the same lineage of software.\n          \n        Databases and inventory data\n        \n          The platform ships with an extensive body of Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data covering electronics, chemicals, plastics, metals, construction materials, energy, and transport, and it can also work with the ecoinvent database. These inventories are what allow a model to translate a bill of materials and an energy profile into quantified environmental impacts.\n        \n        \n          Users build custom processes and plans for their own projects rather than being limited to library datasets, and results can be exported through the i-Report report generator for comparison and presentation.\n        \n        Analytical capabilities\n        \n          The software includes a set of tools under the GaBi Analyst feature, where the end user can run:\n        \n        \n          Monte Carlo simulation \u2014 propagating input uncertainty through the model to produce a distribution of results rather than a single figure.\n          Sensitivity analysis \u2014 identifying which inputs actually move the result.\n          Scenario analysis \u2014 comparing defined variants of the same system side by side.\n          Parameter variation \u2014 sweeping a variable across a range to find thresholds and switching points.\n        \n        \n          Models can be parameterised through local and global parameters, so material and energy quantities are driven by named variables and a model can be reconfigured without being rebuilt. The platform also has strong import and export capability for projects and LCI data, which matters for exchange, review, and integration with other systems.\n        \n        Interface and modelling approach\n        \n          The interface presents the model as a visible flow diagram, so the plan structure and the connections between processes are shown on screen rather than held in a background calculation. For practitioners who think in process diagrams \u2014 and for teaching \u2014 this visibility is a genuine strength.\n        \n        \n          Users can navigate the software\u2019s components and functions through that interface, and produce customised reports from the results. The platform is used by organizations of very different sizes, from small consultancies to large multinationals, provided the licence and the training investment are proportionate to the work.\n        \n        Practical considerations before adopting it\n        \n          Any LCA platform carries commitments beyond the software itself, and these are worth establishing before a purchase decision rather than after.\n        \n        \n          1Licensing model. GaBi is commercially licensed. Confirm the licence structure and term against how many users will actually operate it.\n          2Database licensing is separate. Inventory access is typically a distinct commercial arrangement from the software, and for many organizations it is the larger line item.\n          3Sector coverage. Check that the inventory data actually covers your materials, processes, and geographies \u2014 this matters more than any interface consideration.\n          4Training. The interface is visual, but the modelling discipline underneath still requires real training. Budget for it.\n          5Review expectations. Where the study will face a critical review under ISO 14044, documentation and traceability requirements rise sharply, independent of which software is used.\n        \n          On comparing results between tools\n          \n            Different software running the same study will not necessarily produce identical numbers \u2014 differences arise from inventory database version, allocation choices, impact assessment method and version, and system boundary interpretation, not from the software being right or wrong. A result is only comparable to another result when the database, the method, and the boundary are the same. This is why ISO 14044 requires those choices to be declared.\n          \n        Conclusion\n        \n          GaBi is a capable and widely used LCA platform, with extensive sector inventory coverage, a visual modelling structure, parameterisation for repeated variant studies, and integrated costing and working-environment assessment. It is well established across industry and academia.\n        \n          \n            Whichever platform is used, the methodology is what carries the credibility \u2014 the declared system boundary, functional unit, data quality, allocation choices, and impact assessment method. The software executes the calculation; it does not make the study defensible.\n          \n\n\n\n\nLCA project execution\nEnd-to-end Life Cycle Assessment delivery for products, systems, and value chains. Scientific rigor, structured workflows, and defensible, verification-ready deliverables.\nExplore service \u2192\n\n\n\n\nLCA critical review \u2014 ISO 14040 \/ 14044\nIndependent technical assessment of completed LCA studies. Methodological consistency, transparency of assumptions, and conformance with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.\nExplore service \u2192\n\n\n\n\nDEISO agri and industrial LCI database\nCurated life cycle inventory data and emission factors supporting modeling efficiency, data coverage, and analytical consistency across agricultural and industrial applications.\nExplore database \u2192\n\n\n\n\nLCA capacity building \u2014 ISO-aligned program\nExecution-based capacity building for individuals and teams building practical, standards-aligned competence in LCA methodology, study design, interpretation, and reporting.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nSenior LCA strategic advisory\nSenior-level advisory support for LCA scope decisions, methodological architecture, study planning, and technical reinforcement for ISO-aligned LCA and EPD-related work.\nExplore advisory \u2192\n\n\n\n\nGaBi (LCA for Experts) capacity building\nStructured GaBi capacity building for professionals who need deeper control over advanced modeling logic, database use, scenario structuring, and high-quality study development.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nopenLCA capacity building for professionals\nPractical openLCA capacity building for professionals seeking robust modeling skills, workflow confidence, and applied capability in one of the most widely used open-source LCA platforms.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nSimaPro capacity building programs\nSimaPro capacity building for corporate and professional use \u2014 practical implementation, methodological quality, and stronger decision-making through advanced LCA modeling.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nSimaPro advanced coaching\nCoaching for experienced SimaPro users who need targeted support on advanced model refinement, troubleshooting, interpretation, or project-specific technical problem-solving.\nExplore coaching \u2192\n\n\n\n\nGaBi coaching for professionals\nCoaching for GaBi users who need focused technical guidance, model optimization support, workflow acceleration, or deeper application of advanced LCA project practices.\nExplore coaching \u2192\n\n\n\n\nopenLCA professional coaching\nOne-to-one or team-based coaching for experienced openLCA users who need deeper technical direction, efficient troubleshooting, and project-oriented expert support.\nExplore coaching \u2192\n\n\n\n\nRequest a quotation\nSend DEISO a short brief of your LCA, review, advisory, database, capacity building, or coaching need and receive a tailored quotation aligned with your scope and objectives.\nRequest quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"Briefing: GaBi Software for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)\" data-d=\"1673693522\" data-m=\"1786551536\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-gabi-software-for-life-cycle-assessment-lca\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/GaBi_LCA_DESIO-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/GaBi_LCA_DESIO-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/GaBi_LCA_DESIO-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/GaBi_LCA_DESIO-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/GaBi_LCA_DESIO.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/GaBi_LCA_DESIO-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">14 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 6 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-gabi-software-for-life-cycle-assessment-lca\">Briefing: GaBi Software for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Overview GaBi is a professional Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) software platform used to model and evaluate the environmental impacts of products, technologies, services, and systems. By\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/briefing-gabi-software-for-life-cycle-assessment-lca\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Briefing: GaBi Software for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Social Responsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): An Overview of the Concepts Blog Posts Context\n    Why social responsibility and CSR matter in real organizations\n    Social responsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are often discussed as values-based concepts, but in real organizations they influence stakeholder trust, ESG positioning, governance maturity, and the credibility of sustainability communication.\n    When CSR remains general, narrative, or disconnected from structured implementation, it becomes difficult to translate into measurable outcomes. That is where many organizations struggle: they communicate responsibility, but do not build the systems, indicators, and technical foundations needed to make that responsibility operational.\n  \n    Common errors\n    Where organizations commonly go wrong\n        Treating CSR as brand messaging instead of an operational system\n        Many organizations present CSR as a communications layer rather than connecting it to measurable environmental performance, governance practices, supply chain decisions, or internal accountability structures.\n        Confusing broad social responsibility with business implementation\n        Social responsibility is the wider concept; CSR requires structured organizational action. When the two are blended without clarity, strategy becomes vague and difficult to execute.\n        Failing to link CSR to sustainability data and decision-making\n        CSR programs often remain disconnected from LCA, GHG data, ESG reporting, supplier performance, or measurable sustainability targets, which reduces their practical value.\n        Publishing responsibility claims without technical support\n        If claims are not supported by structured methodologies, evidence, and reviewable data, stakeholders may see the organization as aspirational rather than credible.\n  \n    Consequences\n    What this causes in practice\n        Weak ESG and sustainability positioning\n        Without operational structure, CSR language may not strengthen investor, client, or partner confidence, even when the intent is positive.\n        Fragmented internal action\n        Teams may pursue separate initiatives without a coherent framework, resulting in weak prioritization, duplicated effort, and limited organizational impact.\n        Low credibility in reporting and external communication\n        Responsibility claims that are not backed by measurable indicators or structured sustainability work can be challenged by stakeholders and external reviewers.\n        Missed opportunities for real improvement\n        When CSR stays conceptual, organizations often fail to identify where environmental, operational, and governance improvements can actually be implemented.\n  \n    Execution\n    How DEISO moves CSR from concept to execution\n        CSR and sustainability structuring support\n        DEISO helps organizations turn broad responsibility concepts into clearer implementation pathways linked to sustainability strategy, measurable priorities, and technical decision support.\n        Environmental and ESG integration\n        We support organizations in connecting responsibility objectives to practical sustainability work such as LCA, GHG, ESG-related structuring, and evidence-based reporting preparation.\n        Independent review and readiness reinforcement\n        DEISO provides technical review and advisory support to strengthen the credibility, consistency, and readiness of sustainability-related outputs before they are communicated externally.\n        Capability building for teams\n        For organizations seeking stronger internal maturity, DEISO also provides professional training and strategic guidance to build long-term sustainability and CSR-related capability.\n  \n    Direction\n    From responsibility language to measurable action\n    If your organization is shaping its CSR direction, refining sustainability positioning, or trying to connect social responsibility concepts to measurable implementation, the next step is not broader language. The next step is structure, technical clarity, and execution.\n      Understanding social responsibility and CSR is important. Converting that understanding into structured systems, technical credibility, and real sustainability action is what creates organizational value.\" data-s=\"Social Responsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): An Overview of the Concepts\" data-d=\"1673689376\" data-m=\"1786278164\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/social-responsibility-and-corporate-social-responsibility-csr-an-overview-of-the-concepts\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DESIO_social_responsibility-1-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DESIO_social_responsibility-1-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DESIO_social_responsibility-1-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DESIO_social_responsibility-1-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DESIO_social_responsibility-1.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DESIO_social_responsibility-1-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">14 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/social-responsibility-and-corporate-social-responsibility-csr-an-overview-of-the-concepts\">Social Responsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): An Overview of the Concepts<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Context Why social responsibility and CSR matter in real organizations Social responsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are often discussed as values-based concepts, but in real organizations they\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/social-responsibility-and-corporate-social-responsibility-csr-an-overview-of-the-concepts\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Social Responsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): An Overview of the Concepts\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"The Differences Between Carbon Footprint, Corporate Carbon Footprint, and GHG Accounting Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Introduction\n        \n          Although they are different, the words \u201ccarbon footprint,\u201d \u201ccorporate carbon footprint,\u201d and \u201cGHG accounting\u201d are sometimes used synonymously. In this article, we will contrast these three concepts while highlighting the ramifications of each idea. We\u2019ll examine the meanings of each phrase, their connections to one another, their distinctions from one another, and the standards that govern each of them. We will also discuss each concept\u2019s consequences and what they signify for people and organizations.\n        \n        Carbon footprint\n        \n          The entire quantity of greenhouse gases (GHGs) released by a person, business, or activity is their \u201ccarbon footprint.\u201d Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and other gases are examples of GHGs. Carbon footprints are quantified in carbon dioxide equivalents (CO\u2082e). The sum of all emissions, including those from transportation, power, heating and cooling, industry, agriculture, and any other activities that generate GHG emissions, is used to calculate a person\u2019s or an organization\u2019s overall carbon footprint.\n        \n        The greenhouse gases counted\n        \n          Carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)\n          Methane (CH\u2084)\n          Nitrous oxide (N\u2082O)\n          Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)\n          Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)\n          Sulphur hexafluoride (SF\u2086)\n          Nitrogen trifluoride (NF\u2083)\n        \n        \n          The carbon footprint is a gauge of a person\u2019s or an organization\u2019s impact on global warming. It is used to monitor how their actions affect the environment and to pinpoint places where emissions might be cut. The carbon footprint may establish emission reduction targets and track progress toward those targets.\n        \n        Corporate carbon footprint\n        \n          The total GHG emissions linked to a company\u2019s operations and supply chain are known as its \u201ccorporate carbon footprint.\u201d Transportation, power, heating and cooling, manufacturing, agriculture, and other activities that produce GHG emissions are all included in the corporate carbon footprint.\n        \n        \n          The corporate carbon footprint monitors an organization\u2019s environmental effects and pinpoints areas where emissions might be cut. It is also used to measure progress towards established emission reduction objectives.\n        \n        GHG accounting\n        \n          Measuring, tracking, and reporting a company\u2019s GHG emissions is known as GHG accounting. It is used to monitor how an organization\u2019s operations affect climate change. Objectives for lowering emissions are also created using GHG accounting, and progress toward those goals is tracked.\n        \n        \n          GHG emissions from all sources, including transportation, power, heating and cooling, industry, agriculture, and any other activities that produce GHG emissions, must be measured and monitored as part of the GHG accounting process. The emissions are then used to compile a GHG inventory, prepared under a recognised framework such as the GHG Protocol. The inventory monitors the company\u2019s emissions over time and spots potential emission reduction opportunities.\n        \n        The standards behind each term\n        \n          The three terms are not just conceptually different \u2014 they are governed by different documents. Knowing which standard applies is what turns a number into something a client, auditor, or regulator will accept.\n        \n        Product-level: the carbon footprint of a product\n        \n          ISO 14067 \u2014 carbon footprint of products. Quantification and reporting requirements for the emissions attributable to a single product across its life cycle. Built on the LCA framework of ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.\n          PAS 2050 \u2014 the earlier British specification for product life cycle GHG assessment, still encountered in existing studies and some supply chain requirements.\n          GHG Protocol Product Standard \u2014 the parallel product-level framework, widely used alongside ISO 14067.\n        \n        Organizational level: the corporate carbon footprint\n        \n          ISO 14064-1 \u2014 specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of GHG emissions and removals. This is the standard a corporate carbon footprint is normally prepared against.\n          GHG Protocol Corporate Standard \u2014 defines organizational and operational boundaries and the Scope 1, 2, and 3 structure that most corporate reporting uses.\n          GHG Protocol Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Standard \u2014 the fifteen Scope 3 categories, which is where most of a corporate footprint usually sits.\n          ISO 14069 \u2014 technical guidance for applying ISO 14064-1 to organizations, including how to treat indirect emissions.\n        \n        Projects, verification, and claims\n        \n          ISO 14064-2 \u2014 project-level quantification, monitoring, and reporting of emission reductions or removal enhancements.\n          ISO 14064-3 \u2014 validation and verification of GHG assertions, the basis on which a third party gives assurance on an inventory.\n          ISO 14065 \u2014 requirements for the bodies that carry out that validation and verification.\n          ISO 14068-1 \u2014 carbon neutrality, which superseded PAS 2060 as the reference for neutrality claims.\n        \n        The disclosure layer above the standards\n        \n          Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) \u2014 sets the criteria a reduction target must meet to be called science-based, and requires a GHG inventory as its input.\n          CDP \u2014 the disclosure platform many enterprise customers use to request supplier emissions data.\n          CSRD and ESRS E1 \u2014 the European reporting requirement that has made Scope 1\u20133 disclosure mandatory for a large population of companies and their suppliers.\n          IFRS S2 \u2014 the climate disclosure standard now being adopted across jurisdictions, which also builds on the GHG Protocol scope structure.\n        \n          Please note\n          \n            A figure produced under one framework is not automatically valid under another. A product footprint prepared to PAS 2050 is not an ISO 14067 result, and an inventory that has not been verified under ISO 14064-3 is not a verified inventory, whatever it is labelled internally.\n          \n        Differences between carbon footprint, corporate carbon footprint, and GHG accounting\n        \n          The extent of the activities they assess and monitor is the primary distinction between the three phrases. Carbon footprints measure individual or organizational GHG emissions. In contrast, a company\u2019s GHG emissions are measured by its corporate carbon footprint. GHG accounting counts, tracks, and reports all sources of GHG emissions (Scopes 1 to 3), including those connected to a business\u2019s activities and supply chain.\n        \n        The three terms compared\n          \n            \n              \n                Aspect\n                Carbon footprint\n                Corporate carbon footprint\n                GHG accounting\n              \n            \n            \n              \n                What it covers\n                A person, a product, an activity, or an organization\n                One company, its operations and supply chain\n                The full process of measuring, tracking, and reporting emissions\n              \n              \n                Typical boundary\n                Life cycle of a product, or the activities of an individual\n                Organizational boundary, Scopes 1, 2, and 3\n                Whatever boundary the inventory declares, applied consistently over time\n              \n              \n                Main standards\n                ISO 14067, ISO 14040\/14044, PAS 2050\n                ISO 14064-1, GHG Protocol Corporate and Scope 3 Standards\n                GHG Protocol, ISO 14064-1, verified under ISO 14064-3\n              \n              \n                Reported as\n                kg or t CO\u2082e, often per functional unit\n                t CO\u2082e per reporting year, split by scope\n                A GHG inventory with base year, methodology, and data quality stated\n              \n              \n                What it is used for\n                Product claims, EPDs, customer requests, design decisions\n                Target setting, disclosure, identifying reduction areas\n                Ongoing tracking, assurance, regulatory and investor reporting\n              \n            \n          \n        \n          The corporate carbon footprint measures a company\u2019s contribution to climate change, while the carbon footprint of a person or product measures that contribution at a smaller scale. GHG accounting is the process that produces and maintains those numbers over time.\n        \n          \n            Each notion has different ramifications. With carbon footprints, individuals and organizations may create and track targets for lowering emissions. Corporate carbon footprints monitor an organization\u2019s environmental effects and pinpoint areas where emissions might be cut. Objectives for lowering emissions are defined using GHG accounting, and progress toward those goals is tracked.\n          \n        Conclusion\n          \n            Conclusion 1: Although they are different, the words \u201ccarbon footprint,\u201d \u201ccorporate carbon footprint,\u201d and \u201cGHG accounting\u201d are sometimes used synonymously. Carbon footprints measure individual, product, or organizational GHG emissions. In contrast, a company\u2019s GHG emissions are measured by its corporate carbon footprint. GHG accounting counts, tracks, and reports all sources of GHG emissions, including those connected to a business\u2019s activities and supply chain. Each notion has different ramifications. Corporate carbon footprints are used to assess the effects of an organization\u2019s actions on the environment and to pinpoint areas where emissions may be cut. In contrast, personal or organizational carbon footprints establish objectives for decreasing emissions and measure progress toward those goals.\n          \n          \n            Conclusion 2: Greenhouse gases are not limited to CO\u2082. The other GHG emissions counted are methane (CH\u2084), nitrous oxide (N\u2082O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF\u2086), and nitrogen trifluoride (NF\u2083).\n          \n          \n            Conclusion 3: The term chosen determines the standard that applies. A product-level figure belongs under ISO 14067, an organizational figure under ISO 14064-1 and the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard, and any assurance on either under ISO 14064-3. Naming the standard alongside the number is what makes the result usable outside the company.\n          \n  \n      Next step\n      Not sure which service fits your project?\n      \n        Tell us your scope, timeline, and target outcome \u2014 DEISO will point you to the right service or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"The Differences Between Carbon Footprint, Corporate Carbon Footprint, and GHG Accounting\" data-d=\"1673685038\" data-m=\"1786549464\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/the-differences-between-carbon-footprint-corporate-carbon-footprint-and-ghg-accounting\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Emissions_Carbon_Foot_Print-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Emissions_Carbon_Foot_Print-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Emissions_Carbon_Foot_Print-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Emissions_Carbon_Foot_Print-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Emissions_Carbon_Foot_Print.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_GHG_Emissions_Carbon_Foot_Print-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">14 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 8 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/the-differences-between-carbon-footprint-corporate-carbon-footprint-and-ghg-accounting\">The Differences Between Carbon Footprint, Corporate Carbon Footprint, and GHG Accounting<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Introduction Although they are different, the words \u201ccarbon footprint,\u201d \u201ccorporate carbon footprint,\u201d and \u201cGHG accounting\u201d are sometimes used synonymously. In this article, we will contrast these\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/the-differences-between-carbon-footprint-corporate-carbon-footprint-and-ghg-accounting\" aria-label=\"Read the article: The Differences Between Carbon Footprint, Corporate Carbon Footprint, and GHG Accounting\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Monte-Carlo Simulation, Uncertainty Analysis, and Sensitivity Analysis in Life Cycle Assessment Tutorials Introduction\r\nMonte Carlo simulation, uncertainty analysis, and sensitivity analysis in life cycle assessment\r\nWhen certain variables are changed or updated, numerous outcomes can be modeled using a computerised mathematical technique known as Monte Carlo simulation. It is a form of computer modeling used to examine how complex systems operate and behave, simulating possibilities that are difficult to resolve using traditional mathematical methods. Monte Carlo simulation is applied across banking, engineering, risk management, physics, and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).\r\n\r\nThe methodology rests on randomness and probability. In a Monte Carlo simulation, random numbers generated by a random number generator represent a particular probability distribution \u2014 a normal distribution, for example. That distribution is then used to determine certain occurrences.\r\n\r\nMonte Carlo simulation is often paired with uncertainty analysis, a method for identifying uncertainty around simulation results. The variability caused by factors such as input randomness and model-based intrinsic variability is measured using this technique.\r\n\r\nCombined, the two are a powerful way to understand and evaluate the behaviour and performance of a system. This article covers the concepts and methods behind both, and how they improve the accuracy and reliability of simulations.\r\n\r\nFundamentals\r\nThe basics of Monte Carlo simulation\r\nProbability and randomness are the basis of Monte Carlo simulation. Using a random number generator, the approach produces random numbers that represent a particular probability distribution, which is then used to determine certain occurrences. The distribution may take any shape \u2014 normal, uniform, or a combination of the two.\r\n\r\nThose random numbers are then used to imitate a system\u2019s efficiency and behaviour. A financial system, for instance, might use random numbers to replicate the price of a stock, and then to calculate events such as rising or falling prices.\r\n\r\nThe random numbers used in the simulation can be generated in several ways, including a mathematical formula or a dedicated random number generator.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nUncertainty\r\nUncertainty analysis\r\nUncertainty analysis identifies the uncertainty surrounding simulation results. It measures the variability caused by factors such as input randomness and model-based intrinsic variability.\r\n\r\nIt can be carried out in several ways. One is sensitivity analysis, which examines the potential effect on outcomes of changing the simulation\u2019s inputs. Another is to run a Monte Carlo simulation and examine how the findings vary across simulations. The results are then used to assess the accuracy of the model and the dependability of the simulation output.\r\n\r\nCase study\r\nMonte Carlo simulation in life cycle assessment\r\nMonte Carlo simulation is a critical step in Life Cycle Assessment. It can be carried out on a model you build yourself, or on a process drawn from a Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) database, and is typically run for the system being modeled. It shows the LCA analyst how much uncertainty sits in the results.\r\n\r\nThe normal distribution is the usual choice, though other options exist. Under a normal distribution the results appear as a bell-shaped curve. The narrower the shape, and the fewer occurrences of uncertainty, the more reliable the results.\r\n\r\nMonte Carlo can be run in Excel, but the simplest route is LCA software such as openLCA, GaBi, or SimaPro. The software prompts for a number of runs \u2014 typically at least 1,000. More runs give more accurate results, but the analysis takes considerably longer beyond that point. In LCA software, Monte Carlo works as follows:\r\n\r\n \tThe simulation assigns all random parameter values between defined minimum and maximum values.\r\n \tThe software examines the resulting random parameter constellations.\r\n \tThe analyst reads the bell-shaped graph \u2014 how the uncertainty curve changes, in percentage terms, under different random parameter combinations.\r\n\r\nJapan electricity grid mix\r\nThe case study below applies Monte Carlo analysis to Japan\u2019s electricity grid mix across 11 environmental impacts. Twelve impact categories are considered in total, including Global Warming Potential with biogenic carbon uncertainty.\r\n\r\nThe Y-axis represents the number of random parameter constellations that lead to uncertainty for each impact category. The X-axis represents the percentage of uncertainty for each category. The narrower the shape, the better and more defensible the overall result. Lower values on both axes indicate a stronger model in uncertainty terms.\r\n\r\nA second view of the same case study isolates Global Warming Potential (GWP) \u2014 climate change potential \u2014 on its own.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nUncertainty\r\nUncertainty analysis\r\nUncertainty analysis identifies the uncertainty surrounding simulation results. It measures the variability caused by factors such as input randomness and model-based intrinsic variability.\r\n\r\nIt can be carried out in several ways. One is sensitivity analysis, which examines the potential effect on outcomes of changing the simulation\u2019s inputs. Another is to run a Monte Carlo simulation and examine how the findings vary across simulations. The results are then used to assess the accuracy of the model and the dependability of the simulation output.\r\n\r\nCase study\r\nMonte Carlo simulation in life cycle assessment\r\nMonte Carlo simulation is a critical step in Life Cycle Assessment. It can be carried out on a model you build yourself, or on a process drawn from a Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) database, and is typically run for the system being modeled. It shows the LCA analyst how much uncertainty sits in the results.\r\n\r\nThe normal distribution is the usual choice, though other options exist. Under a normal distribution the results appear as a bell-shaped curve. The narrower the shape, and the fewer occurrences of uncertainty, the more reliable the results.\r\n\r\nMonte Carlo can be run in Excel, but the simplest route is LCA software such as openLCA, GaBi, or SimaPro. The software prompts for a number of runs \u2014 typically at least 1,000. More runs give more accurate results, but the analysis takes considerably longer beyond that point. In LCA software, Monte Carlo works as follows:\r\n\r\n \tThe simulation assigns all random parameter values between defined minimum and maximum values.\r\n \tThe software examines the resulting random parameter constellations.\r\n \tThe analyst reads the bell-shaped graph \u2014 how the uncertainty curve changes, in percentage terms, under different random parameter combinations.\r\n\r\nJapan electricity grid mix\r\nThe case study below applies Monte Carlo analysis to Japan\u2019s electricity grid mix across 11 environmental impacts. Twelve impact categories are considered in total, including Global Warming Potential with biogenic carbon uncertainty.\r\n\r\nThe Y-axis represents the number of random parameter constellations that lead to uncertainty for each impact category. The X-axis represents the percentage of uncertainty for each category. The narrower the shape, the better and more defensible the overall result. Lower values on both axes indicate a stronger model in uncertainty terms.\r\n\r\nA second view of the same case study isolates Global Warming Potential (GWP) \u2014 climate change potential \u2014 on its own.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSensitivity\r\nSensitivity analysis\r\nSensitivity analysis determines how different values of an independent variable affect a particular dependent variable under a given set of assumptions. It is central to risk assessment and financial analysis, showing how the outcome of a decision or model would shift if one or more underlying assumptions changed. It also identifies which factors drive the performance of a given choice or model \u2014 including in Life Cycle Assessment.\r\n\r\nIn financial work, sensitivity analysis predicts how changes in interest rates, inflation, or exchange rates affect performance, and how different investment approaches affect anticipated returns. Examining those effects lets investors and managers make informed judgments and manage risk more deliberately.\r\n\r\nIn risk assessment and LCA, sensitivity analysis pinpoints the factors that most affect a model\u2019s result. By assessing the influence of each variable, analysts can determine which factors and which assumptions matter most when making decisions and controlling risk.\r\n\r\nThe technique extends beyond finance and risk. It can also examine how corporate tactics affect market share, staff morale, and customer satisfaction \u2014 giving managers a structured view of how changes in specific factors move each outcome.\r\n\r\nMethod\r\nSensitivity analysis in life cycle assessment\r\nSensitivity analysis is a second essential method for LCA. The Japan grid mix Monte Carlo case study serves again as the worked example. Microsoft Excel can perform it, but the workflow below describes how it runs in LCA software such as GaBi:\r\n\r\n \tStandard deviations are set for the parameters under study.\r\n \tThe software multiplies and divides the parameter values by that standard deviation \u2014 for example, +50% and \u221250%.\r\n \tThe analysis then shows how each parameter\u2019s variation affects the outcome.\r\n\r\nThe question being answered: how sensitive are our results to a \u00b150% change in this or that parameter?\r\nReading the output\r\n\r\n \tWhat percentage of the result changed when a single parameter was increased by, say, 50%?\r\n \tWhich single parameter changes produced disproportionately large swings in the result?\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nResults\r\nSensitivity analysis results \u2014 Japan electricity grid mix\r\nThe first table lists the impact categories with their IDs. The second table gives the corresponding sensitivity results, expressed as the percentage change in each impact category when a given energy source parameter is moved by one standard deviation in each direction.\r\nImpact categories and IDs\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nID\r\nImpact category\r\nUnit\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n1\r\nOzone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP, steady state)\r\nkg R11 eq.\r\n\r\n\r\n2\r\nHuman Toxicity Potential (HTP inf.)\r\nkg DCB eq.\r\n\r\n\r\n3\r\nPhotochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)\r\nkg Ethene eq.\r\n\r\n\r\n4\r\nMarine Aquatic Ecotoxicity Potential (MAETP inf.)\r\nkg DCB eq.\r\n\r\n\r\n5\r\nTerrestric Ecotoxicity Potential (TETP inf.)\r\nkg DCB eq.\r\n\r\n\r\n6\r\nGlobal Warming Potential (GWP 100 years), excl. biogenic carbon\r\nkg CO\u2082 eq.\r\n\r\n\r\n7\r\nAbiotic Depletion (ADP elements)\r\nkg Sb eq.\r\n\r\n\r\n8\r\nFreshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity Potential (FAETP inf.)\r\nkg DCB eq.\r\n\r\n\r\n9\r\nAbiotic Depletion (ADP fossil)\r\nMJ\r\n\r\n\r\n10\r\nAcidification Potential (AP)\r\nkg SO\u2082 eq.\r\n\r\n\r\n11\r\nGlobal Warming Potential (GWP 100 years)\r\nkg CO\u2082 eq.\r\n\r\n\r\n12\r\nEutrophication Potential (EP)\r\nkg Phosphate eq.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSensitivity results by energy source\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nImpact ID &amp; direction\r\nCoal\r\nHydro\r\nNatural gas\r\nNuclear\r\nHeavy fuel oil\r\nSolar\r\nWaste\r\nWind\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n1 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n\u22121.33%\r\n\u22120.04%\r\n\u22121.36%\r\n\u22120.05%\r\n\u22121.99%\r\n\u22120.21%\r\n0.00%\r\n\u22120.01%\r\n\r\n\r\n1 + std. dev.\r\n1.33%\r\n0.04%\r\n1.36%\r\n0.05%\r\n1.99%\r\n0.21%\r\n0.00%\r\n0.01%\r\n\r\n\r\n2 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n\u22121.58%\r\n\u22120.20%\r\n\u22121.05%\r\n\u22120.07%\r\n\u22120.78%\r\n\u22120.53%\r\n\u22120.22%\r\n\u22120.04%\r\n\r\n\r\n2 + std. dev.\r\n1.58%\r\n0.20%\r\n1.05%\r\n0.07%\r\n0.78%\r\n0.53%\r\n0.22%\r\n0.04%\r\n\r\n\r\n3 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n\u22122.13%\r\n0.00%\r\n\u22121.61%\r\n\u22120.01%\r\n\u22120.82%\r\n\u22120.01%\r\n\u22120.14%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n3 + std. dev.\r\n2.13%\r\n0.00%\r\n1.61%\r\n0.01%\r\n0.82%\r\n0.01%\r\n0.14%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n4 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n\u22121.53%\r\n0.00%\r\n\u22120.22%\r\n\u22120.02%\r\n\u22120.12%\r\n\u22120.02%\r\n\u22120.54%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n4 + std. dev.\r\n1.53%\r\n0.00%\r\n0.22%\r\n0.02%\r\n0.12%\r\n0.02%\r\n0.54%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n5 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n\u22121.21%\r\n\u22120.02%\r\n\u22121.27%\r\n0.00%\r\n\u22120.45%\r\n\u22120.05%\r\n\u22121.08%\r\n\u22120.06%\r\n\r\n\r\n5 + std. dev.\r\n1.21%\r\n0.02%\r\n1.27%\r\n0.00%\r\n0.45%\r\n0.05%\r\n1.08%\r\n0.06%\r\n\r\n\r\n6 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n\u22122.29%\r\n0.00%\r\n\u22121.84%\r\n0.00%\r\n\u22120.68%\r\n\u22120.01%\r\n\u22120.17%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n6 + std. dev.\r\n2.29%\r\n0.00%\r\n1.84%\r\n0.00%\r\n0.68%\r\n0.01%\r\n0.17%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n7 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n\r\n\r\n7 + std. dev.\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n\r\n\r\n8 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n\u22120.80%\r\n\u22120.01%\r\n\u22121.62%\r\n\u22120.28%\r\n\u22121.91%\r\n\u22120.06%\r\n\u22120.05%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n8 + std. dev.\r\n0.80%\r\n0.01%\r\n1.62%\r\n0.28%\r\n1.91%\r\n0.06%\r\n0.05%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n9 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n\r\n\r\n9 + std. dev.\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n0%\r\n\r\n\r\n10 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n\u22122.35%\r\n0.00%\r\n\u22121.18%\r\n\u22120.01%\r\n\u22120.90%\r\n\u22120.03%\r\n\u22120.23%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n10 + std. dev.\r\n2.35%\r\n0.00%\r\n1.18%\r\n0.01%\r\n0.90%\r\n0.03%\r\n0.23%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n11 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n\u22122.09%\r\n0.00%\r\n\u22121.68%\r\n0.00%\r\n\u22120.62%\r\n\u22120.01%\r\n\u22120.42%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n11 + std. dev.\r\n2.09%\r\n0.00%\r\n1.68%\r\n0.00%\r\n0.62%\r\n0.01%\r\n0.42%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n12 \u2212 std. dev.\r\n\u22122.13%\r\n0.00%\r\n\u22121.48%\r\n\u22120.01%\r\n\u22120.76%\r\n\u22120.02%\r\n\u22120.27%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n12 + std. dev.\r\n2.13%\r\n0.00%\r\n1.48%\r\n0.01%\r\n0.76%\r\n0.02%\r\n0.27%\r\n0.00%\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nScroll the table sideways to see all energy sources.\r\n\r\nConclusion\r\nConclusion\r\n\r\n \tMonte Carlo simulation. Also described as uncertainty analysis, this method studies the influence of random variables and uncertainties on a system or process. It evaluates potential outcomes by running many randomly generated simulations with varying input parameters; combining those results produces a probability distribution of alternative outcomes. The same technique can quantify the risk attached to investment decisions made under uncertainty.\r\n \tSensitivity analysis. A crucial technique in risk assessment, financial analysis, environmental management, and Life Cycle Assessment. It determines how the outcome of a decision or model would change if one or more underlying assumptions were altered, and identifies which assumptions matter most for making decisions and controlling risk.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA ecosystem\r\nExplore the DEISO life cycle assessment (LCA) ecosystem\r\nDEISO\u2019s integrated LCA ecosystem covers project execution, independent review, advisory, professional training, and technical systems built to support high-quality, ISO-aligned sustainability work.\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA project execution\r\nEnd-to-end Life Cycle Assessment execution for products, systems, and value chains with structured workflows and high technical quality.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA critical review (ISO 14040\/44)\r\nIndependent technical review confirming methodological consistency, transparency, and ISO alignment.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\nSenior LCA strategic advisory\r\nExpert-level advisory for study design, methodology, and decision-making in LCA and EPD projects.\r\n\r\nExplore advisory \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA professional training\r\nStructured professional training that lets teams build strong LCA capability aligned with ISO standards.\r\n\r\nExplore training \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA software training (openLCA, GaBi, SimaPro)\r\nHands-on, software-focused training programs built for professionals working in openLCA, GaBi, and SimaPro environments.\r\n\r\nExplore programs \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA data collection system\r\nStructured data framework to improve consistency, reduce errors, and speed up LCA project execution.\r\n\r\nDownload system \u2192\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation\r\nRequest a tailored quotation aligned with your LCA, review, or training needs.\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"Monte-Carlo Simulation, Uncertainty Analysis, and Sensitivity Analysis in Life Cycle Assessment\" data-d=\"1673683319\" data-m=\"1791007891\" data-cat=\"1737\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/monte-carlo-simulation-uncertainty-analysis-and-sensitivity-analysis-in-life-cycle-assessment\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Monte_Carlo_Uncerinity_Sensitivity_Analysis-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Monte_Carlo_Uncerinity_Sensitivity_Analysis-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Monte_Carlo_Uncerinity_Sensitivity_Analysis-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Monte_Carlo_Uncerinity_Sensitivity_Analysis-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Monte_Carlo_Uncerinity_Sensitivity_Analysis.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_Monte_Carlo_Uncerinity_Sensitivity_Analysis-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Tutorials<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Tutorials<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">14 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/monte-carlo-simulation-uncertainty-analysis-and-sensitivity-analysis-in-life-cycle-assessment\">Monte-Carlo Simulation, Uncertainty Analysis, and Sensitivity Analysis in Life Cycle Assessment<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Introduction Monte Carlo simulation, uncertainty analysis, and sensitivity analysis in life cycle assessment When certain variables are changed or updated, numerous outcomes can be modeled using a computerised\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/monte-carlo-simulation-uncertainty-analysis-and-sensitivity-analysis-in-life-cycle-assessment\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Monte-Carlo Simulation, Uncertainty Analysis, and Sensitivity Analysis in Life Cycle Assessment\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Life Cycle Assessment Background Data Vs. Foreground Data and How to Select The Most Appropriate LCI Database Tutorials Background\r\nData collection is one of the most critical steps in the life cycle evaluation process. LCA is a thorough assessment of a system&#039;s or product&#039;s environmental impacts. It necessitates a comprehensive examination of a system&#039;s complete life cycle, from raw material extraction through manufacturing, usage, and disposal. Data from every life cycle step must be gathered to complete an accurate LCA.\r\n\r\nThe system boundaries must be identified as the initial stage for LCA data gathering. Which stages of the life cycle should be included in the evaluation are determined by system boundaries in the goal and scope definition stage of LCA. Gathering data may start after the limits have been set.\r\n\r\nMany other sources of information may be used to gather data, including business records, government databases, industry reports, scholarly research, and public polls. All information must be accurate, trustworthy, and current. Data on emissions, waste, water use, materials, and energy should be collected. Data about the amount and quality of materials used to create the product or system should also be included.\r\n\r\nAfter the data has been gathered, it should be examined to pinpoint the key elements and procedures with the most significant environmental impacts. With this knowledge, it will be possible to find solutions to lessen the system&#039;s or product&#039;s adverse environmental impacts.\r\n\r\nData collecting for LCA may be time-consuming and challenging to perform a thorough and accurate evaluation. To guarantee the validity of the assessment&#039;s findings, careful consideration must be given to the reliability and correctness of the data obtained.\r\nBackground Data vs. Foreground Data\r\nLife Cycle Inventory (LCI) data is called background data. The data is what we obtain from an LCI database provider, often commercial database(s) that we may purchase. It contains a database representing the emission factors of many processes in several industries. For instance, the carbon dioxide emitted while manufacturing 1 kg of steel may be one of the emission factors. How much nitrogen dioxide is released while manufacturing 1 km of aluminum? Methane (CH4) is released when 1 kilogram is disposed of in a sanitary landfill, and so forth.\r\n\r\nWhere the foreground data is the data that embodies or describes the system under study or modeling technically, examples include secondary data, data obtained from simulation, calculation, field trip work, literature, production activities, operations, or chemical experiments. The foreground data from the waste management is an example: For instance, if a waste management system is being studied or modeled. Then, the foreground data compasses the waste composition. For instance, the proportions of the paper, plastic, and metal waste, etc., a treatment&#039;s % of the proportion of incineration, and the proportion of paper and plastic waste incineration. The proportions of waste paper, plastic, and wood will be disposed of in landfills. Data on the distances that vehicles need to drive from the place of trach collection to the final disposal. The gasoline required by each vehicle for waste collection and disposal or treatment.\r\n\r\nIn summary: Foreground data describes the system technically, while background data describes the system environmentally with emission factors that can be obtained from databases. The figure below demonstrates the difference between both types of data.\r\n\r\nHow to decide and find the upper body? LCI database for your project.\r\n\r\n \r\nThe difference between background data and foreground data in an LCA model\r\nExample: Dimethyl sulphate (DMS) Production from Sulphur Trioxide\r\n\r\n \tDimethyl sulfate is a chemical molecule having the formula (CH3)2SO4. It&#039;s a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent stench. It is primarily utilized as a methylating agent in organic synthesis, and its toxicity makes it a moderately hazardous chemical. It makes many products, including medications, colors, polymers, and food additives. It&#039;s also utilized as an insecticide, herbicide, and defoliant.\r\n\r\n\r\n \tDimethyl sulphate ((CH3O)2SO2) is manufactured industrially by the reaction of dimethyl ether with sulfur trioxide. The reaction is carried out in water-cooled, vertical aluminum or stainless-steel tubes and is a continuous process. The model considered the elimination of dimethyl ether by vacuum distillation over anhydrous sodium sulphate in technical-grade dimethyl sulfate.\r\n\r\n\r\n \tThe background system of electricity and thermal power: The power (and thermal energy as a byproduct) utilized is tailored to the needs of each unique nation. The country-specific modeling is accomplished on many levels. The individual power plants in operation are simulated using the present national system. Net losses and imported power are included. Second, the power plants&#039; national emissions and efficiency are modeled. Third, the country-specific fuel supply (proportion of resources consumed through import and local supply) is considered, as are the country-specific features (e.g., element and energy contents). Fourth, the import, transportation, mining, and exploration procedures for the energy carrier supply chain are customized to each power-producing country&#039;s unique circumstances.\r\n\r\n\r\n \tSteam: The steam supply is simulated according to the country&#039;s condition in terms of technological efficiency and energy carriers utilized. Coal, crude oil, and natural gas needed to generate steam are modeled based on the unique import circumstances.\r\n\r\n\r\n \tA country-specific, refinery-parameterized model represents refinery products such as diesel, gasoline, gases, fuel oils, essential oils, and residues such as bitumen. The refinery model reflects the national standard in refinery procedures (e.g., pollution level, internal energy consumption) and the unique country-specific product output spectrum, which might vary significantly across countries. The refinery products utilized demonstrate the country-specific usage of resources. Again, the crude oil supply is modeled based on the country-specific crude oil situation and the features of the resources.\r\n\r\n\r\n \tAll these mentioned processes represented the foreground data that should be gathered; in this example, it might be from (1) laboratory chemical experimental work, (2) process simulation with a chemical simulator software such as Aspen Plus, (2) or from the plant data itself if it is already established (constructed and is in operation). See the below figure for a demonstration of the LCA system being modeled in this example of Dimethyl sulphate ((CH3O)2SO2).\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\nThe LCA model of Dimethyl sulphate ((CH3O)2SO2)\r\n\r\nAn LCA analyst requires the two forms of the data with the Dimethyl sulphate (DMS) Production from the Sulphur Trioxide&#039;s LCA model given above. The foreground and background information (LCI data). The data in the foreground are those needed to technically explain the model, such as the chemical feed used in the chemical reactions that produce dimethyl ether from methanol, sulfur trioxide, sodium sulfate, and deionized water. And this may be measured in Mole per hour units and translated to kilogram per hour. In addition, the quantity of natural gas energy needed is expressed in MJ per hour. Data in MJ\/Hour for the power grid mix is also needed. These grid mix statistics offer information about the composition of the electrical grid mix in the nation\/country where the technique is being researched or developed. To construct a grid mix with a capacity of 3.7 MJ, this may contain a percentage of coal, a percentage of natural gas, a percentage of heavy fuel oil, a percentage of nuclear energy, a percentage of renewable energy sources including wind, solar, and hydropower, etc., and a percentage of waste.\r\n\r\nThe quantity of wastewater treatment is necessary for the output. Dimethyl sulphate (DMS) is further needed, however. The entire production determined by a chemical experiment, chemical simulation, such as that found in Aspen Plus, or plant production data may also be this quantity, which can be regarded as a functional unit of 1 kilogram of dimethyl sulphate (DMS) production. These are instances when foreground data may be required. An LCA analyst must utilize an LCA database with emission factors for hundreds of emissions from each process input and output in the above graph to get the background data. For instance, heavy metal emissions and the other 6 greenhouse gases. BOD emissions, BCD emissions, and so on.\r\nHow to Choose an Appropriate Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) Database for your Project\r\nFirst, remember that more than one database is sometimes required, particularly for large LCA projects. You may sometimes need to merge data from several databases. The second thing to bear in mind is that, sometimes, you could always run into a problem. A problem with data gaps or a shortage of data when the data needed for a particular procedure is absent. For instance, this is typical in the chemical industry. Mathematical modeling combined with data estimate methods is one way to address the data gap problem. Or by using outdated models that may estimate current facts. Another strategy is to simulate the process being researched with proxy data using a process with comparable physical and chemical properties to the process being examined with the lacking data.\r\n\r\nCreate a flowchart showing the system boundaries of your case study and all the current input and output to processes as the first step in identifying what database you require for your project. This aids in getting\u2014your understanding of the processes in your system and the following database requirements. The second follows. The second recommendation in this article is to browse the LC databases repositories lets you simultaneously search among many databases, including the two websites listed below.\r\n\r\n \tThe GLAD platform: https:\/\/www.globallcadataaccess.org\r\n \tThe openLCA Nexus Platform: https:\/\/nexus.openlca.org\r\n\r\nSecond, you need to know what databases are available on the market, whether for paid or unpaid usage. You should also be aware of the types of LCI databases used in your business\/industry, whether in the textile, building, chemical, textile, or electronics industries.\r\n\r\nThe ecoinvent and GaBi databases, as well as their expansions, which total around 20 databases, are among the top database suppliers. This includes several businesses, including manufacturing plastic, chemicals, building materials, and electronics.\r\n\r\nThe system scope of your case study is often the deciding factor when choosing an approval database. What are the limits of the system? What procedures fall under and don&#039;t? All this information is crucial for figuring out what database is required and determining whether the operations are gate-to-gate, the gate to grave, cradle-to-grave, or cradle-to-gate.\r\n\r\nUtilizing an LCA program is the alternative strategy. For instance, the ecoinvent database is one of the 8 with the SimaPro program. The database is one of the most well-known since it includes many data sets and spans various sectors. If you use the GaBi program, you will have access to around 20 databases that you must buy separately. GaBi software does, however, have a database of its own. The database of processes from many industries is known as the professional database. Using openLCA software is the other choice. A license is not necessary to use the openLCA LCA program, which is available for free. However, your project&#039;s database(s) must be purchased. Searching for already-established processes on the openLCA Nexus website is a valuable technique. This displays the processes that are present in the related database. Another point to remember is that LCI data is country-specific, so you should consider the region or the country where you are conducting the study.\r\n\r\nFinally, figuring out which LCI database is necessary for a particular project in a specific business develops over time as an LCA specialist gains expertise in both his industry and the available databases. In general, the more LCA projects you complete, the more familiarity you will get with the current databases, how to search in them, and where to look for them.\r\n\r\nThere is no set guideline for selecting the best database for your project. It would help if you mixed a variety of talents and expertise. Consequently, you should do your search on the current databases, either for free or for a fee. However, the abilities and advice you need to know and develop are summarized in this article.\r\n\r\nThere is no set guideline for selecting the best database for your project. It would help if you mixed a variety of talents and expertise. Consequently, you should do your search on the current databases, either for free or for a fee. However, the abilities and advice you need to know and develop are summarized in this article.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA project execution\r\nEnd-to-end Life Cycle Assessment delivery for products, systems, and value chains. Scientific rigor, structured workflows, and defensible, verification-ready deliverables.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA critical review \u2014 ISO 14040 \/ 14044\r\nIndependent technical assessment of completed LCA studies. Methodological consistency, transparency of assumptions, and conformance with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDEISO agri and industrial LCI database\r\nCurated life cycle inventory data and emission factors supporting modeling efficiency, data coverage, and analytical consistency across agricultural and industrial applications.\r\n\r\nExplore database \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA capacity building \u2014 ISO-aligned program\r\nExecution-based capacity building for individuals and teams building practical, standards-aligned competence in LCA methodology, study design, interpretation, and reporting.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSenior LCA strategic advisory\r\nSenior-level advisory support for LCA scope decisions, methodological architecture, study planning, and technical reinforcement for ISO-aligned LCA and EPD-related work.\r\n\r\nExplore advisory \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nGaBi (LCA for Experts) capacity building\r\nStructured GaBi capacity building for professionals who need deeper control over advanced modeling logic, database use, scenario structuring, and high-quality study development.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nopenLCA capacity building for professionals\r\nPractical openLCA capacity building for professionals seeking robust modeling skills, workflow confidence, and applied capability in one of the most widely used open-source LCA platforms.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSimaPro capacity building programs\r\nSimaPro capacity building for corporate and professional use \u2014 practical implementation, methodological quality, and stronger decision-making through advanced LCA modeling.\r\n\r\nExplore program \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSimaPro advanced coaching\r\nCoaching for experienced SimaPro users who need targeted support on advanced model refinement, troubleshooting, interpretation, or project-specific technical problem-solving.\r\n\r\nExplore coaching \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nGaBi coaching for professionals\r\nCoaching for GaBi users who need focused technical guidance, model optimization support, workflow acceleration, or deeper application of advanced LCA project practices.\r\n\r\nExplore coaching \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nopenLCA professional coaching\r\nOne-to-one or team-based coaching for experienced openLCA users who need deeper technical direction, efficient troubleshooting, and project-oriented expert support.\r\n\r\nExplore coaching \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation\r\nSend DEISO a short brief of your LCA, review, advisory, database, capacity building, or coaching need and receive a tailored quotation aligned with your scope and objectives.\r\n\r\nRequest quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"Life Cycle Assessment Background Data Vs. Foreground Data and How to Select The Most Appropriate LCI Database\" data-d=\"1673677911\" data-m=\"1791007899\" data-cat=\"1737\" data-year=\"2023\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-background-data-vs-foreground-data-and-how-to-select-the-most-appropriate-lci-database\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCA_Data-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCA_Data-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCA_Data-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCA_Data-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCA_Data.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/DEISO_LCA_Data-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Tutorials<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Tutorials<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">14 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 12 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-background-data-vs-foreground-data-and-how-to-select-the-most-appropriate-lci-database\">Life Cycle Assessment Background Data Vs. Foreground Data and How to Select The Most Appropriate LCI Database<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Background Data collection is one of the most critical steps in the life cycle evaluation process. LCA is a thorough assessment of a system&#039;s or product&#039;s environmental impacts.\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-background-data-vs-foreground-data-and-how-to-select-the-most-appropriate-lci-database\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Life Cycle Assessment Background Data Vs. Foreground Data and How to Select The Most Appropriate LCI Database\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"What is Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), and how to get started with it? Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Introduction\n          \n            A relatively recent life cycle analysis method, known as Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), assesses the social impacts of products and services from conception through disposal. It is a thorough and methodical approach to assessing the social and environmental effects of goods, services, and systems from the extraction of raw materials through manufacturing, use, and disposal. Throughout a product\u2019s life cycle, S-LCA seeks to discover, evaluate, and reduce negative social repercussions.\n          \n        \n          Traditional methods for assessing how goods and services may affect the environment include life cycle assessments (LCA). However, a product or service\u2019s influence on society includes more factors than how it affects the environment. When evaluating a product\u2019s or service\u2019s impacts, S-LCA adopts a more comprehensive approach by considering social factors, such as the impact on the economy, health, and social fairness.\n        \n        \n          The S-LCA method entails determining a product or service\u2019s social implications at every stage of its life cycle, from the extraction of raw materials through manufacture, usage, and disposal. This involves evaluating the product or service\u2019s economic and socioeconomic effects on working conditions, pay, job generation, and regional economic growth. It also entails examining the social impacts, such as the influence on regional cultures, communities, and societies, as well as the effects on health and safety, such as the effects of air and water pollution.\n        \n        The four phases of S-LCA\n        \n          The foundation of S-LCA is the knowledge that people use and cyclically engage with social systems. The social life cycle consists of four stages of analysis and evaluation. The phases in the S-LCA are derived from the ISO 14044 framework as:\n        \n        \n          Goal and scope definition\n          Life cycle inventory analysis\n          Life cycle impact assessment\n          Interpretation (UNEP, 2009)\n        \n        \n          People discover their social environment throughout initiation. They develop as they discover how to utilize and engage with the social system. They are using the system as they mature to accomplish their objectives. The system is in decay and no longer serves their needs.\n        \n        How S-LCA supports managers and planners\n        \n          S-LCA aids managers and planners in comprehending how individuals utilize and engage with social systems. Data is gathered through various techniques, including focus groups, surveys, observation, and interviews. A social life cycle model is developed using the data mentioned above. The concept aids managers and planners in comprehending how society functions, how individuals engage with it, and how it evolves through time.\n        \n        \n          Decisions regarding how to manage and advance social systems may be supported by S-LCA. Understanding how individuals utilize and interact with social systems and how those systems change over time may assist planners and managers.\n        \n        \n          After identifying an item\u2019s or service\u2019s impacts, S-LCA evaluates their severity and pinpoints viable countermeasures. This includes identifying possible responses and tactics to lessen the effects, such as changing to cleaner industrial procedures, improving working conditions, and strengthening regional infrastructure.\n        \n        Where S-LCA is applied\n        \n          S-LCA has been applied in various sectors, from consumer electronics, agriculture, and automobiles to textiles and construction. It is an effective technique for identifying and reducing the social consequences of goods and services. Companies may benefit from identifying possible social repercussions in advance and implementing policies to lessen them. Thus, the effects on regional communities and cultures are minimal. At the same time, goods and services are produced and used socially responsibly.\n        \n        \n          S-LCA is a crucial step in the life cycle assessment process. Its significance is growing as businesses become more conscious of their social obligations. Companies are becoming more aware of the need to consider social implications in addition to environmental impacts when developing new goods and services. S-LCA is a valuable tool for businesses to keep their goods and services produced and used socially responsibly, since it offers a thorough and systematic method of examining social consequences.\n        \n          \n            Although S-LCA adheres to the ISO 14040 framework, certain features change, are more prevalent, or are stronger at each research stage. The United Nations Environment Programme Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products suggest a framework for creating life cycle inventories. A life cycle inventory is generated for indicators (e.g., number of jobs created) that are connected to effect categories (e.g., local employment) that are tied to five major stakeholder groups (e.g., worker, consumer, local community, society, and value chain actors).\n          \n        How to get started with Social Life Cycle Assessment?\n        \n          On the theory of Social Life Cycle Assessment, you can get started by reading the Guidelines for social life cycle assessment of products. You can also refer to DEISO\u2019s Social Life Cycle Assessment services.\n        \n          UNEP guidelines\n          https:\/\/www.unep.org\/resources\/report\/guidelines-social-life-cycle-assessment-products\n          DEISO S-LCA services\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/topic\/social-life-cycle-assessment-slca\n        \n          Once you understand the theory, you can employ software for using S-LCA. One of the best options is the openLCA software. It is open-source software and is available for free. At DEISO, we provide various training programs for openLCA.\n        \n          openLCA training\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/openlca-training-programs\n          Contact\n          Feel free to contact us for your Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) needs by submitting this form: https:\/\/dei.so\/contact\n  \n      Next step\n      From theory to a completed S-LCA study\n      \n        Stakeholder mapping, social indicator inventories, impact assessment, and interpretation \u2014 run against the UNEP guidelines and the ISO 14040\/14044 framework, by senior practitioners.\n      \n      Explore S-LCA services \u2192\" data-s=\"What is Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), and how to get started with it?\" data-d=\"1672213335\" data-m=\"1789630339\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-social-life-cycle-assessment-s-lca-and-how-to-get-started-with-it\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"597\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/social_LCA_desio.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/social_LCA_desio.jpg 597w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/social_LCA_desio-175x300.jpg 175w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/social_LCA_desio-7x12.jpg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 597px) 100vw, 597px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">28 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 5 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-social-life-cycle-assessment-s-lca-and-how-to-get-started-with-it\">What is Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), and how to get started with it?<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Introduction A relatively recent life cycle analysis method, known as Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), assesses the social impacts of products and services from conception through\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-social-life-cycle-assessment-s-lca-and-how-to-get-started-with-it\" aria-label=\"Read the article: What is Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), and how to get started with it?\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Normalization and Weighting in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Blog Posts LCIA methods\n    Normalization and weighting in life cycle assessment\n    Environmental impact scores in LCA are expressed in physical units representing the potential for impact. Results from different impact categories cannot simply be compared or added together, which is where normalization and weighting come in: together they allow a single numerical score to be produced by weighting each category and totalling them.\n    One common approach to normalization is dividing your scores by the scores of a reference situation \u2014 total CO\u2082 emissions from transportation in a particular country or industry, for example. In practice, normalization means relating your LCIA results to one tonne or one kilogram of activity or production.\n    Normalization\n    Why normalization matters\n    Many midpoint categories and some damage categories carry non-intuitive reference units, which makes the resulting impacts hard to interpret. Normalization addresses this by expressing a given impact per functional unit relative to the total impact in that category.\n    That comparison places the contribution of the product or service being studied against the total impact for a given category at a global, continental, or regional level. The characterization results are then reported in relation to those complete reference or normalization values.\n    Weighting\n    Weighting\n    Weighting is the step that follows normalization. It ranks or scores the contribution of an impact category to the overall impact \u2014 how significant the Global Warming Potential of your modeled system is compared with the other impacts such as acidification or human toxicity.\n    The distinction is worth holding clearly: normalization standardizes numerical values against a reference unit; weighting measures how important each impact category is relative to the others.\n    \n      Normalization \u2014 express the impact potentials against a reference situation, placing the study on a standard, interpretable scale.\n      Weighting \u2014 rank or score the contribution of each impact category to the overall impact.\n    \n      Weighting is only possible once the results have been normalized. The sequence runs one way: normalize the LCIA results with normalization factors, then weight them with weighting factors.\n\n    LCA ecosystem\n    Explore the DEISO life cycle assessment (LCA) ecosystem\n    DEISO\u2019s integrated LCA ecosystem covers project execution, independent review, advisory, professional training, and technical systems built to support high-quality, ISO-aligned sustainability work.\n    \n          \n        LCA project execution\n      End-to-end Life Cycle Assessment execution for products, systems, and value chains with structured workflows and high technical quality.\n      Explore service \u2192\n    \n          \n        LCA critical review (ISO 14040\/44)\n      Independent technical review confirming methodological consistency, transparency, and ISO alignment.\n      Explore service \u2192\n    \n          \n        Senior LCA strategic advisory\n      Expert-level advisory for study design, methodology, and decision-making in LCA and EPD projects.\n      Explore advisory \u2192\n    \n          \n        LCA professional training\n      Structured professional training that lets teams build strong LCA capability aligned with ISO standards.\n      Explore training \u2192\n    \n          \n        LCA software training (openLCA, GaBi, SimaPro)\n      Hands-on, software-focused training programs built for professionals working in openLCA, GaBi, and SimaPro environments.\n      Explore programs \u2192\n    \n          \n        LCA data collection system\n      Structured data framework to improve consistency, reduce errors, and speed up LCA project execution.\n      Download system \u2192\n    \n          \n        Request a quotation\n      Request a tailored quotation aligned with your LCA, review, or training needs.\n      Request a quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"Normalization and Weighting in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)\" data-d=\"1670176703\" data-m=\"1786270985\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/normalization-and-weighting-in-life-cycle-assessment-lca\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/environmental_impacts-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/environmental_impacts-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/environmental_impacts-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/environmental_impacts-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/environmental_impacts.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/environmental_impacts-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">5 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/normalization-and-weighting-in-life-cycle-assessment-lca\">Normalization and Weighting in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">LCIA methods Normalization and weighting in life cycle assessment Environmental impact scores in LCA are expressed in physical units representing the potential for impact. Results from different impact\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/normalization-and-weighting-in-life-cycle-assessment-lca\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Normalization and Weighting in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"What is Environmental Design Leadership (LEED) Blog Posts Blog posts\n        What is Environmental Design Leadership (LEED)\n        \n          The United States Green Building Council developed the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) green building rating system (USGBC). The approach offers a framework for rating building environmental performance. LEED promotes design and construction methods that increase the quality of the built environment while minimizing negative environmental consequences.\n        \n        \n          The LEED certification can be achieved at one of four distinct levels, and achieving each level successfully satisfies its standards. The procedure for obtaining a LEED certification is complicated and calls for thorough consideration of all elements of a building\u2019s existence, beginning with its conception and continuing with its construction and operation. LEED certification has several advantages. LEED-certified buildings use less energy and water and produce less waste. They are also more healthy and pleasant to work in. Furthermore, LEED-certified buildings often have greater resale values and recruit tenants faster.\n        \n          Figures as of May 2018\n          \n            The number of buildings that have earned the LEED certification is gradually growing. As of May 2018, there were more than 83,000 LEED-certified projects worldwide, including more than 29,000 structures in the United States alone. Suppose you are thinking about making your home or place of business LEED-certified green. In that case, you have access to several resources to assist you in your endeavor. The website of the US Green Building Council (USGBC) has a wealth of information to help.\n          \n        LEED certification and Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design\n        What exactly is LEED certification?\n        \n          The LEED Green Building Rating System (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is globally the most widely used and acknowledged green building certification system. LEED is a point-based system developed by the United States Green Building Council (USGBC) for assessing the environmental performance of buildings. LEED-certified buildings have proven to fulfill specified performance requirements in essential areas such as energy efficiency, water efficiency, materials and resources, interior environmental quality, and architectural innovation.\n        \n        Who is eligible for LEED certification?\n        \n          LEED certification is available for any construction, including residential, commercial, and institutional structures.\n        \n        What are the advantages of obtaining LEED certification?\n        There are several advantages to achieving LEED certification for your building, such as:\n        \n          Reduced energy and water consumption\n          Lower environmental effect\n          Improved indoor environmental quality\n          Improved occupant productivity and comfort\n          Reduced operating expenses\n          Increased marketability and visibility\n          Raised sustainability awareness\n        \n        How can a building get LEED certification?\n        \n          A building obtains LEED certification by earning a specified number of points in each of the LEED rating system\u2019s six categories. The number of points needed for certification varies by category and ranges from 40 to 80.\n        \n        Conclusion\n        \n          Green buildings, such as those that meet LEED criteria, consume much less energy and water than traditional structures. Furthermore, they have reduced pollution levels and, as a result, may offer occupiers a better atmosphere.\n        \n\n\nEnvironmental product declaration (EPD) development\nEnd-to-end support for EPD development \u2014 turning product life cycle results into structured, credible, market-relevant environmental communication.\nExplore service \u2192\n\nEPD pre-submission review services\nIndependent pre-submission technical review of EPD-ready documentation \u2014 identifies methodological gaps, data issues, structural inconsistencies, and readiness risks before formal submission.\nExplore service \u2192\n\nRapid 48\u201372 hour EPD data readiness review (modules A1\u2013D)\nPre-submission data review and readiness assessment produced within 48\u201372 hours \u2014 identifies missing module data, inconsistent assumptions, weak traceability, and technical gaps across modules A1\u2013D before verification and submission.\nExplore service \u2192\n\nEPD data collection framework \u2014 template A1\u2013D for verification readiness\nStructured EPD data collection framework covering modules A1 to D \u2014 supports internal organization, stronger data quality, and improved verification readiness across product declaration workflows.\nExplore framework \u2192\n\nEnvironmental product declaration (EPD) capacity building\nExpert-led EPD capacity building programs built around practical competence in declaration structure, underlying LCA logic, data preparation, interpretation, and ISO-aligned EPD workflows.\nExplore capacity building \u2192\n\nRequest a quotation\nRequest a tailored quotation for EPD support, pre-submission review, capacity building, or structured technical assistance aligned with your product scope, timeline, and business objectives.\nRequest a quotation \u2192\n\nWhy choose DEISO\nSee why enterprises, suppliers, and public sustainability organizations trust DEISO for EPD development, pre-submission review, capacity building, and verification-ready execution.\nWhy choose DEISO \u2192\" data-s=\"What is Environmental Design Leadership (LEED)\" data-d=\"1669685520\" data-m=\"1786546318\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-environmental-design-leadership-leed\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_LEED-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_LEED-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_LEED-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_LEED-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_LEED.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_LEED-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">29 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-environmental-design-leadership-leed\">What is Environmental Design Leadership (LEED)<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts What is Environmental Design Leadership (LEED) The United States Green Building Council developed the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) green building rating system (USGBC).\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-environmental-design-leadership-leed\" aria-label=\"Read the article: What is Environmental Design Leadership (LEED)\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Announcing the launch of \u201cProduct Carbon Footprint\u201d our brand-new calculation service. Announcements News We&#039;re excited to announce the launch of &quot;Product Carbon Footprint,&quot; our brand-new calculation service. We help businesses figure out their carbon footprint and devise ways to make their operations less harmful. Product Carbon Footprint is considered not just CO2 emissions but also the other six emissions. A &quot;Product Carbon Footprint&quot; study is a sort of &quot;Life Cycle Assessment&quot; (LCA) one. A &quot;carbon footprint&quot; is a measurement that includes not just carbon dioxide emissions but also other greenhouse gas emissions. The word &quot;carbon footprint&quot; derives from the phrase &quot;carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases of equivalent CO2.&quot;\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nHow much each type of greenhouse gas affects the climate is based on how much carbon dioxide it produces in CO2-eq. This is because different greenhouse gases have varying capacities to contribute to climate change.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nThese other gases are:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMethane (CH4)\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nNitrous oxide (N2O)\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nHydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nPerfluorocarbons (PFCs)\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSulphur hexaflouride (SF6)\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nNitrogen trifluoride (NF3)\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nFor additional information, visit https:\/\/dei.so\/topic\/product-carbon-footprint. To contact us, please email info@deiso.co.jp or fill out the contact form on this page. If you are ready to receive a pricing estimate, please fill out the form here.\" data-s=\"Announcing the launch of \u201cProduct Carbon Footprint\u201d our brand-new calculation service.\" data-d=\"1669577748\" data-m=\"1723371233\" data-cat=\"58,7\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/announcing-the-launch-of-product-carbon-footprint-our-brand-new-calculation-service\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"597\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/carbon_cover_1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/carbon_cover_1.jpg 597w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/carbon_cover_1-175x300.jpg 175w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/carbon_cover_1-7x12.jpg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 597px) 100vw, 597px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">28 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/announcing-the-launch-of-product-carbon-footprint-our-brand-new-calculation-service\">Announcing the launch of \u201cProduct Carbon Footprint\u201d our brand-new calculation service.<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">We&#039;re excited to announce the launch of &quot;Product Carbon Footprint,&quot; our brand-new calculation service. We help businesses figure out their carbon footprint and devise ways to make their\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/announcing-the-launch-of-product-carbon-footprint-our-brand-new-calculation-service\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Announcing the launch of \u201cProduct Carbon Footprint\u201d our brand-new calculation service.\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"What are ISO 14000 Environmental Management Standards and ISO 14001? Blog Posts Blog posts\n        Environment and environmental health concerns\n        \n          In most industrialized nations, there is widespread public concern about the environment\u2019s health. Implementing methods that limit environmental harm is vital to a company\u2019s success. It is almost as crucial as the quality of their products and services. Companies\u2019 actions that cause environmental pollution or damage, whether intentional or unintentional, cause widespread public outrage and may result in a boycott of the company\u2019s products or services or even more direct action that interferes with its operations. Environmental law in most nations is growing stricter. Pollution incidents will cause financial fines and, at worst, orders to cease operations until the source of the pollution is corrected. Thus, if the consequences of causing environmental damage are to be avoided, implementing an environmental management system (EMS) that minimizes environmental damage through a company\u2019s operations is becoming almost mandatory.\n        \n        The ISO 14000 and ISO 9000 standards\n          \n            \u2018ISO 14000\u2019 is a generic term for a set of standards developed in response to the need for environmental protection systems, much like ISO 9000 standards were developed in response to the need for quality assurance systems to control the goods produced and services provided by businesses. The ISO 14000 and ISO 9000 standards have a strong parallel. ISO 14001 is the primary standard that defines sound environmental management practices within the ISO 14000 standards. ISO 14001 outlines the conditions.\n          \n        ISO 14001\n        \n          The risks of pollution incidents and other environmental damage caused by a company\u2019s operations and activities are reduced by establishing an effective EMS.\n        \n        \n          ISO 14001 clauses are written in a general manner so that the standard can be applied in a wide range of industries and geographical and social conditions. The guidelines outline the procedures that must be implemented in an EMS to reduce the environmental damage caused by a company\u2019s operations and activities. But the standard understands that each scenario and application is unique.\n        \n        \n          According to the ISO 14001 standard, a corporation must adopt an environmental policy that recognizes all possible environmental consequences of its activities. It puts measures in place to reduce these consequences within the limits of what is practically achievable at an acceptable economic cost. Besides demanding the adoption of such an environmental management strategy, ISO 14001 requires a commitment to examine the policy\u2019s operation regularly and seek continuous improvement in its effectiveness in minimizing environmental harm.\n        \n        The importance of documentation\n        \n          Documentation is a critical component of a company\u2019s EMS. First, this must document the first evaluation performed to identify all activities carried out in the organization and their environmental impacts (if they have one). Appropriate processes must be identified and developed for each possible environmental effect to reduce the environmental impact. It is necessary to specify how many processes will be implemented and maintained. The paperwork must also describe how the functioning of the EMS will be examined (and at what frequency) and declare the company\u2019s commitment to seek continuous improvement in its performance in terms of decreasing environmental harm. Such assessments must also be independently recorded and preserved alongside the company\u2019s environmental performance records.\n        \n        \n          Besides the apparent environmental advantage, an EMS implemented by a corporation under ISO 14001 frequently results in considerable environmental benefits.\n        \n        Advantages of the ISO 14000 standard\n        \n          The company itself. An excellent environmental track record makes it simpler for a corporation to get fresh funding to fund technical innovations and growth. It is also often positively welcomed by a company\u2019s clients and frequently results in more significant business. The ISO 14000 commitment to seek continuous improvements in environmental concerns that the firm may influence is causing an increasing number of organizations to want ISO 14000 certification from their suppliers. Failing to adopt an ISO 14001-certified EMS would probably result in a significant drop in business and decreased inbound investment for many organizations. Aside from these advantages, measures meant to minimize errors that might cause environmental harm frequently result in increased efficiency in the company\u2019s operations. Operational expenses are lowered, revenues increase, more than compensating the cost of creating and implementing the EMS. Measures to reduce energy consumption and raw material utilization, and waste generation and recycling, result in further cost reductions. Finally, improvements to the company\u2019s working environment promote employee job satisfaction. Employee work satisfaction is critical to meeting a company\u2019s overall quality objectives. Where employees believe the firm cares about them, they are more likely to be willing to work in the best interests of the firm, which will help improve the company\u2019s economic success.\n        \n        \n          The methods to meet ISO 14001 are similar to those required to meet ISO 9001. Because the goals of ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 are so similar, the criteria for establishing a system that simultaneously meets quality assurance and environmental protection objectives can be outlined together.\n        \n        \n          For the time being, ISO 14001 and ISO 9001 remain independent; the similarities in processes imply that if a firm already has an ISO 9001-certified system, the manager responsible for the quality system and the manager responsible for the environmental policy may work closely together. In tiny businesses, one individual may serve both managerial positions. It also implies that many aspects of the ISO 9001 quality system may be modified for the EMS, making design and implementation easier. This adaptation, however, must not disregard that although there are numerous similarities, particular critical distinctions must also be acknowledged. For example, whereas ISO 9001 focuses on pleasing a company\u2019s clients, ISO 14001 must satisfy the general public and its customers.\n        \n        Total Quality Management (TQM) systems\n        \n          Companies that use Total Quality Management (TQM) systems often discover that the concept created by TQM helps establish and implement an EMS. TQM is a quality assurance term that lacks a widely acknowledged conventional definition. TQM is defined and used differently by various organizations and businesses. TQM is an integrated approach to quality that functions in all sections of an organization and comprises a management style aimed at supporting a firm\u2019s long-term success by combining quality with customer happiness, according to a worldwide definition that incorporates most of the numerous interpretations. TQM necessitates that the quality of the product (whether the supply of produced items or the provision of a service) be the company\u2019s top priority, and it needs a continual commitment to raise quality gradually. These objectives are almost comparable to EMSs in terms of satisfying environmental criteria. Businesses that have embraced the TQM mindset find it simple to apply comparable ideas to environmental preservation.\n        \n        General approach to developing an environmental management system\n        \n          Several requirements must be met for an EMS to function correctly. To begin, the processes must avoid accidents that may cause environmental harm rather than just being fault detection systems that let defects be corrected before someone complains about the environmental impacts. Second, while establishing an EMS, personnel at all firm levels must grasp why it is being implemented, comprehend how it works, and eagerly participate in its implementation. Third, although it is vital to establish an EMS manager with specified power to execute and run the processes meant to reduce the environmental effect of the company\u2019s activities, environmental protection must never be solely the duty of this individual. All employees in a firm should be encouraged to participate in the responsibility of preventing environmental harm and to take satisfaction in doing so. Environmental management methods should also adapt and grow. They must not be introduced and then remain unchanged forever after that. Instead, frequent assessment must keep processes efficient and suitable when technological advances occur. A timely reaction is also required if new or revised environmental law is enacted.\n        \n          \n            Measurement is a crucial component of running an EMS. First, measurement must verify that process variables inside a manufacturing process are kept within acceptable bounds since excessive deviations might have negative environmental consequences. Second, direct measurement of emission levels must confirm that the EMS target values are not exceeded. However, the measurements must be of good quality for the EMS to function correctly. Several requirements must be met to get high-quality measurements. To begin, only calibrated instruments and transducers should be used for measurements, and calibration equipment must be set up and maintained. Second, any inaccuracies in measurement must be detected, quantified, and corrected. Third, only instruments must take measurements.\n          \n        \n          Fourth, the measuring devices\u2019 functioning principles and proper mode must be known by the person doing the measurements. Fifth, data recorded by measuring equipment must be conveyed without degradation in data quality from the point of measurement to the point of recording. Finally, appropriate data-recording equipment must be utilized to incorporate the data into the EMS\u2019s previous performance records.\n        \n        \n          These broad principles defining the construction of an effective EMS have evolved throughout time. Many provisions were included in national standards before ISO 14001. They proposed practices now part of ISO 14001. Thus, ISO 14001 is the outcome of the worldwide community coming together under the auspices of a technical committee established by the International Standards Organization and agreeing on a unified international standard that replaces prior national standards. There are other projects to integrate environmental management with other activities like health and safety, such as the ISO 14001 standard developed in collaboration between the American Registrar Accreditation Board and the American Chemical Council. To protect health and safety, ISO 14001 combines ISO 14001 regulations with RC recommendations.\n        \n        ISO 14001 requirements summary\n        \n          ISO 14001 is one of a group of standards known as the ISO 14000 series. ISO 14001 specifies the standards for implementing an effective EMS. The remaining standards are guidelines for interpreting and executing the ISO 14001 provisions. These additional standards will be briefly detailed later. However, before delving into them, it is helpful to summarize the fundamental ISO 14001 requirements:\n        \n        \n          The implemented EMS\u2019s primary needs are to regularly identify and analyze the environmental effect of a company\u2019s activities.\n          Consider the company\u2019s operations and activities identified as potentially having an environmental impact, and set environmental protection targets appropriate to the scale and impact of the operations but within the constraints of what is technically possible and economically affordable.\n          Regardless of expense, confirm that the firm meets all applicable environmental regulations to which its activities may be subject in terms of their environmental effect.\n          Wherever feasible, be examined and improved regularly.\n          Make all parts of the policy accessible to the public in writing form.\n          Everyone in an organization must be dedicated to operating the EMS.\n          Appropriate communication channels must keep the EMS running effectively.\n          One person must establish, operate, and evaluate the EMS.\n          The essential features of all activities that potentially have a substantial impact on the environment must be monitored and assessed regularly, and the findings must be recorded.\n          All devices and equipment used to assess the functioning of the EMS must be used correctly and calibrated regularly.\n          All atypical events that may develop in a company\u2019s operations and activities must be recognized and their potential environmental effect analyzed.\n          Appropriate processes for reacting to atypical occurrences that may cause environmental harm must be devised and recorded.\n          Anyone in the firm whose actions may affect the environment must have their training requirements recognized and met.\n          Regular audits must confirm that the EMS is functioning correctly and safeguarding the environment in the manner anticipated of it.\n          The executive management of the firm adopting the EMS is primarily responsible for its installation and operation.\n          Executive management must confirm that sufficient resources are available to support the EMS. Employees with the abilities and financial resources must be included among these resources.\n          The EMS\u2019s performance must be reviewed regularly by the senior management. To do this, they should request performance reports from the person(s) with specified responsibility for running the EMS. After reviewing the reports, they should order any required action to change the EMS to strengthen the company\u2019s environmental performance. This evaluation by senior management must take place besides, not instead of, the other internal and external performance audits.\n        \n        Engineering considerations for ISO 14001 regulatory alignment\n          \n            The clause in ISO 14001 requires explicitly monitoring and measuring essential aspects of activities that might substantially affect the environment. This necessitates the development of sound measurement techniques and correctly calibrated measuring tools. Because it is common practice to record measurements for future reference, the recording method must be as accurate as the measuring process. The first issue often encountered is that the output of many measuring devices is not in a format that can be directly entered into a data-recording instrument, necessitating signal conversion. Controlling the quality of signal transmission between the site of measurement and the point of data recording is equally critical as using appropriately precise recording equipment. However, more engineering expertise is necessary for the development and execution of processes meant to prevent corporate operations and activities, especially people or equipment faults, from hurting the environment.\n          \n        How can DEISO assist your organization with ISO 14000 and ISO 14001 standards?\n        \n          At DEISO, we offer certified training on a wide range of environmental topics. We provide professional and certified ISO training for your organization\u2019s employees on either ISO 14000 general purpose standards or special ISO 14001 training. We offer training to both individuals and businesses.\n        \n          Training programs\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/deiso-training\n  \n      Get started\n      Need help with your next project?\n      \n        Tell us your project concept, scope, and timeline \u2014 we will point you to the right ISO 14000 or ISO 14001 support or scope the work directly.\n      \n        Request a quotation \u2192\n        Start at go.dei.so \u2192\" data-s=\"What are ISO 14000 Environmental Management Standards and ISO 14001?\" data-d=\"1669531102\" data-m=\"1786545708\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-are-iso-14000-environmental-management-standards-and-iso-14001\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_ISO_Standard_Training1-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_ISO_Standard_Training1-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_ISO_Standard_Training1-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_ISO_Standard_Training1-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_ISO_Standard_Training1.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/DEISO_ISO_Standard_Training1-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">27 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 12 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-are-iso-14000-environmental-management-standards-and-iso-14001\">What are ISO 14000 Environmental Management Standards and ISO 14001?<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Blog posts Environment and environmental health concerns In most industrialized nations, there is widespread public concern about the environment\u2019s health. Implementing methods that limit environmental harm is vital\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-are-iso-14000-environmental-management-standards-and-iso-14001\" aria-label=\"Read the article: What are ISO 14000 Environmental Management Standards and ISO 14001?\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Introducing the \u201cSpecial Life Cycle Assessment Training Program: Manual Calculation Approach\u201d Announcements News The &quot;Special LCA Training Program: Manual Calculation Approach&quot; aims to teach participants how to perform a full Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) manually, from the cradle to the grave, using Microsoft Excel but without the use of any LCA software. The main advantage of this course is that it explains in detail how LCA calculations work in each of the phases of &quot;classification,&quot; &quot;characterization,&quot; &quot;normalization,&quot; &quot;weighting,&quot; and &quot;Life Cycle Impact Assessment LCIA&quot;. Using a case study that includes raw material extraction, transportation, production, use, and disposal via incineration, landfilling, and recycling. It also teaches participants how to compute credited emissions using the avoided emissions technique.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nThe program comes with a bunch of features and is fully designed for both Life Cycle Assessment 9LCA) and Environmental Product Declaration (EPD).\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nCheck the details at https:\/\/dei.so\/deiso-training\/special-life-cycle-assessment-training-program-manual-calculation-approach.\" data-s=\"Introducing the \u201cSpecial Life Cycle Assessment Training Program: Manual Calculation Approach\u201d\" data-d=\"1669457343\" data-m=\"1789630334\" data-cat=\"58,7\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-special-life-cycle-assessment-training-program-manual-calculation-approach\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/deiso_lca_manual_excel_calculations_training-1-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/deiso_lca_manual_excel_calculations_training-1-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/deiso_lca_manual_excel_calculations_training-1-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/deiso_lca_manual_excel_calculations_training-1-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/deiso_lca_manual_excel_calculations_training-1.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/deiso_lca_manual_excel_calculations_training-1-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">26 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-special-life-cycle-assessment-training-program-manual-calculation-approach\">Introducing the \u201cSpecial Life Cycle Assessment Training Program: Manual Calculation Approach\u201d<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">The &quot;Special LCA Training Program: Manual Calculation Approach&quot; aims to teach participants how to perform a full Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) manually, from the cradle to the grave,\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-special-life-cycle-assessment-training-program-manual-calculation-approach\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Introducing the \u201cSpecial Life Cycle Assessment Training Program: Manual Calculation Approach\u201d\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"What is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)? Blog Posts Reference\n      Summary of LCA terminology\n        \n          \n            \n              Terms\n              Meaning\n              Alternative terms of the same meaning\n            \n          \n          \n            \n              Life Cycle Inventory (LCI)\n              All data required to quantify the inputs (resource and energy flows) and outputs (emissions and other releases) into and out of the production system crossing the system boundary are analyzed.\n              Inventory analysis\n            \n            \n              Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data\n              The data that describes the system environmentally from the point of its pollutants (emitters).\n              Background data, LCA data, emission factors\n            \n            \n              Foreground data\n              You collect the data from the literature, your client, etc. This data describes the system technically.\n              Input data, client data\n            \n            \n              Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA)\n              Quantifications of pollutants to impact categories, e.g., CO\u2082 and CH\u2084 contribute to climate change.\n              Impact assessment\n            \n            \n              Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) methods\n              Several methods, such as CML, EDIP, and ReCiPe, to compute the LCIA phase of classification, characterization, normalization, and weighting produce results in kg equivalent. E.g., kg CO\u2082-eq.\n              Impact methods, LCA methods\n            \n            \n              Environmental impact categories\n              Categories such as climate change, acidification potential, water scarcity, energy depletion, eutrophication potential, human toxicity potential.\n              Environmental load, environmental theme, environmental performance, environmental categories, impact categories\n            \n            \n              Functional Unit (FU)\n              A unit that is used for basis of evaluation or comparison, usually 1 kg or one unit of production.\n              Basis unit\n            \n          \n        \n\t\tLife Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an analytical and systematic investigation into the potential adverse impacts on the environment that a product or service may have had in the past or the future over its entire life. The product or service could have caused these impacts, or they could have been caused by other factors related to the product or service. Therefore, an LCA systematically examines the possible environmental implications of goods or services during their entire life cycle, from the extraction of raw materials to the final disposal, also known as cradle-to-gate evaluation.An LCA (Life Cycle Analysis) evaluates a product&#039;s or service&#039;s possible environmental implications across its entire life cycle (manufacturing, distribution, usage, and end-of-life phases). This also encompasses upstream (e.g., suppliers) and downstream (e.g., waste management) activities related to manufacturing (e.g., raw, auxiliary, and operational material production), use phase, and disposal (e.g., waste incineration or landfilling).In LCA, Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) considers all significant environmental inputs (such as ores and crude oil, water, and land usage) and emissions into the air, water, and soil (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen oxides). The International Organization provides ISO 14040 and 14044 Life Cycle Assessment Guidelines and requirements for the standardization of LCA.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tThe Three Major Stages of Life Cycle Assessment\t\t\t\t\n\t\tthe main phases of life cycle assessments are (1) Goal and Scope Definition, (Life Cycle Inventory (LCI), Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA), and Results Interpretation.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tDefinition of Goals and Scope\t\t\t\t\n\t\tIn this step, you identify the product or service to be evaluated, choose a functional basis for comparison (the functional unit (FU)), and specify the detail necessary. The scope is then determined by a goal, which includes the aim, application, and audience. Finally, you decide whether a critical examination of that aim is required. Also, you have what is included and included in the system boundary, the inclusion criteria, the system function, etc.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tInventory Analysis: Life Cycle Inventory (LCI)\t\t\t\t\n\t\tIn this phase, you compile data and conduct an inventory analysis of extractions from and releases into the environment. The final inventory lists all inputs and outputs related to your product or service&#039;s life cycle. The mas or energy data are multiplied by the emission factor of each pollutant from an LCI database (also known as background data). E.g., emission factors from the ecoinvent database.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tImpact Assessment: Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA)\t\t\t\t\n\t\tIn impact assessment LCIA, you define resource consumption and emissions created based on their possible effects and quantify them for a restricted number of impact categories, which you may then rank in relevance for the LCA study&#039;s purpose. You quantify them to impact types such as climate change, Human Resources Potential, Water Scarcity, Energy Depletion, Ozon Layer Depletion Potential, Eutrophication Potential, Acidification Potential, etc. All results at this stage are converted from kg (from the inventory phase) to kg equivalent (e.g., &quot;Kg CO2-eq.)This phase involves these steps: (1) classification, (2) characterization, (3) normalization, (4) Weighting, and (5) grouping. #2-#4 require factors to chive these steps. Classification is you map each pollutant to its corresponding impact category; for example, carbon dioxide, methane, and Nitrous oxide are mapped &quot;classified&quot; to Global Warming Potential (GWP) \u2013 Climate change.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tInterpretation\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tSystem Boundary\t\t\t\t\n\t\tThis description of the activities included and removed from consideration throughout the product&#039;s life cycle stages is based on the inclusion or exclusion criteria.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tProduct System\t\t\t\t\n\t\tThe totality of all actions related to the functional unit inside the system boundary.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tProduct System\t\t\t\t\n\t\tThey scaled the product system depending on the function(s) supplied as a reference unit. Based on this unit, you complete all evaluations. One thousand pairs of hands pet bottles or 1 liter of coffee or 500 pages printed (for office printers) of A4 (1 paper pack of 500 A4 sheets), or one ton-kilometer, e.g., for freight transport. Or 1 kg or 1 ton of municipal waste generated, or 1 kg of aluminum produced or recycled. This is also called a bias unit.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tReference Flow\t\t\t\t\n\t\tThe amount of the product that must be purchased to satisfy the demand for the functional unit; this quantity can be expressed in terms of mass, energy, area, volume, or any other physical unit. The reference flow may serve as the available unit in LCAs that evaluate intermediate products or raw materials without a specific end-use.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tLife Cycle Inventory Analysis (LCI)\t\t\t\t\n\t\tAll data required to quantify the inputs (resource and energy flows) and outputs (emissions and other releases) into and out the production system crossing the system boundary are analyzed.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tLife Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA)\t\t\t\t\n\t\tThe assessment of potential environmental impacts using a comprehensive set of impact categories based on the results of the LCI analysis.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tInterpretation\t\t\t\t\n\t\tDiscussing and evaluating the findings of the LCI and LCIA results to conclude, compare scenarios, another critical function of LCA analysis, and identify existing improvement opportunities.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tReporting\t\t\t\t\n\t\tDocumenting the LCA study thoroughly and transparently under ISO 14044 standards.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tCritical Review\t\t\t\t\n\t\tConformity assessment by one or more independent expert(s) to confirm adherence to ISO 14044 requirements, increasing credibility and ability to communicate the LCA study results. Suppose a company intends to disclose to the public claims of environmental superiority over a competing product. In that case, a panel of three independent experts must review the LCA study externally.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tImpact Categories\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tClimate change\t\t\t\t\n\t\tAlso known as global warming or the carbon footprint, it measures greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2 and methane. These emissions enhance the Earth&#039;s absorption of solar energy, enhancing the greenhouse effect. This may negatively influence ecological health, human health, and material well-being.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tEutrophication potential\t\t\t\t\n\t\tEutrophication refers to the possible consequences of high levels of macronutrients, the most significant of which are nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Nutrient enrichment may cause an unfavorable change in species composition and increased biomass output in aquatic and terrestrial environments (e.g., potentially toxic algal blooms). Increased biomass production in marine settings may cause lower oxygen levels due to extra oxygen use during biomass breakdown.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tAcidification Potential\t\t\t\t\n\t\tAcidification is a measure of emissions that cause the environment to become acidic. The acidification potential measures a molecule&#039;s ability to raise the concentration of hydrogen ion (H+) in the presence of water, hence reducing the pH value (e.g., acid rain). Fish death, forest decrease, and corrosion of construction materials are all possible consequences.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tPhotochemical Ozone Creation\t\t\t\t\n\t\tA measure of precursor emissions that contribute to ground-level smog formation (mostly ozone O3) created by the interaction of VOC and carbon monoxide in the presence of nitrogen oxides under UV radiation. Ground-level ozone may be harmful to human health and ecosystems, and agriculture.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tPhotochemical Ozone Creation\t\t\t\t\n\t\tPrimary data sources include bills of materials\/recipes, PLM software, utility bills, meter readings, procurement records, waste inventories, emissions permit reports, equipment specs, and measurements in production lines. All data that describe the system are technically also called foreground data.Secondary data sources include LCA databases, technical literature, journal papers, conference presentations, and patents. All data describe the system environmentally, also called background data.\t\t\n\n\n\n\nLCA project execution\nEnd-to-end Life Cycle Assessment delivery for products, systems, and value chains. Scientific rigor, structured workflows, and defensible, verification-ready deliverables.\nExplore service \u2192\n\n\n\n\nLCA critical review \u2014 ISO 14040 \/ 14044\nIndependent technical assessment of completed LCA studies. Methodological consistency, transparency of assumptions, and conformance with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.\nExplore service \u2192\n\n\n\n\nDEISO agri and industrial LCI database\nCurated life cycle inventory data and emission factors supporting modeling efficiency, data coverage, and analytical consistency across agricultural and industrial applications.\nExplore database \u2192\n\n\n\n\nLCA capacity building \u2014 ISO-aligned program\nExecution-based capacity building for individuals and teams building practical, standards-aligned competence in LCA methodology, study design, interpretation, and reporting.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nSenior LCA strategic advisory\nSenior-level advisory support for LCA scope decisions, methodological architecture, study planning, and technical reinforcement for ISO-aligned LCA and EPD-related work.\nExplore advisory \u2192\n\n\n\n\nGaBi (LCA for Experts) capacity building\nStructured GaBi capacity building for professionals who need deeper control over advanced modeling logic, database use, scenario structuring, and high-quality study development.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nopenLCA capacity building for professionals\nPractical openLCA capacity building for professionals seeking robust modeling skills, workflow confidence, and applied capability in one of the most widely used open-source LCA platforms.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nSimaPro capacity building programs\nSimaPro capacity building for corporate and professional use \u2014 practical implementation, methodological quality, and stronger decision-making through advanced LCA modeling.\nExplore program \u2192\n\n\n\n\nSimaPro advanced coaching\nCoaching for experienced SimaPro users who need targeted support on advanced model refinement, troubleshooting, interpretation, or project-specific technical problem-solving.\nExplore coaching \u2192\n\n\n\n\nGaBi coaching for professionals\nCoaching for GaBi users who need focused technical guidance, model optimization support, workflow acceleration, or deeper application of advanced LCA project practices.\nExplore coaching \u2192\n\n\n\n\nopenLCA professional coaching\nOne-to-one or team-based coaching for experienced openLCA users who need deeper technical direction, efficient troubleshooting, and project-oriented expert support.\nExplore coaching \u2192\n\n\n\n\nRequest a quotation\nSend DEISO a short brief of your LCA, review, advisory, database, capacity building, or coaching need and receive a tailored quotation aligned with your scope and objectives.\nRequest quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"What is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)?\" data-d=\"1669383473\" data-m=\"1786545484\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-life-cycle-assessment-lca\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pc-ph\"><\/span><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">25 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 9 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-life-cycle-assessment-lca\">What is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)?<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Reference Summary of LCA terminology Terms Meaning Alternative terms of the same meaning Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) All data required to quantify the inputs (resource and energy flows)\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-life-cycle-assessment-lca\" aria-label=\"Read the article: What is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)?\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Details on the Specialist Training Program of Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) Reporting Updates News\n        Specialist Training Program of Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) Reporting\n        \n          A professional training program will prepare employees for responding to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) needs, conducting more effective due diligence, reading and understanding existing reports, reviewing and editing reports, collaboratively preparing and writing ESG reports, and assisting their organizations in making better investment decisions with the knowledge and abilities gained through it.\n        \n        Learn more\n          Program page\n          \n            https:\/\/dei.so\/specialist-training-program-of-environment-social-and-governance-esg-reporting\" data-s=\"Details on the Specialist Training Program of Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) Reporting\" data-d=\"1666010203\" data-m=\"1786538822\" data-cat=\"16\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/details-on-the-specialist-training-program-of-environment-social-and-governance-esg-reporting\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"960\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/esg_training_x-768x960.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/esg_training_x-768x960.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/esg_training_x-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/esg_training_x-819x1024.png 819w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/esg_training_x-10x12.png 10w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/esg_training_x.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Updates<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Updates<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">17 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/details-on-the-specialist-training-program-of-environment-social-and-governance-esg-reporting\">Details on the Specialist Training Program of Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) Reporting<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Specialist Training Program of Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) Reporting A professional training program will prepare employees for responding to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) needs, conducting\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/details-on-the-specialist-training-program-of-environment-social-and-governance-esg-reporting\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Details on the Specialist Training Program of Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) Reporting\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"The GHG Lead Verifier Training Program Updates News\n        \n          Our GHG Lead Verifier training program helps your business satisfy ISO 14064 climate change standards. Covers ISO 14064 (Parts 1\u20133), GHG inventories, and management system requirements. ISO 14064 Parts 1 and 3 are combined with carbon-neutral accounting.\n        \n        Find out more\n          Program page\n          \n            https:\/\/dei.so\/lead-ghg-verifier-training-program\" data-s=\"The GHG Lead Verifier Training Program\" data-d=\"1665927180\" data-m=\"1786539026\" data-cat=\"16\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/the-ghg-lead-verifier-training-program\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Lead_GHG_Verifier_x-768x543.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Lead_GHG_Verifier_x-768x543.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Lead_GHG_Verifier_x-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Lead_GHG_Verifier_x-1024x724.png 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Lead_GHG_Verifier_x.png 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Lead_GHG_Verifier_x-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Updates<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Updates<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">16 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/the-ghg-lead-verifier-training-program\">The GHG Lead Verifier Training Program<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Our GHG Lead Verifier training program helps your business satisfy ISO 14064 climate change standards. Covers ISO 14064 (Parts 1\u20133), GHG inventories, and management system requirements. ISO\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/the-ghg-lead-verifier-training-program\" aria-label=\"Read the article: The GHG Lead Verifier Training Program\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Circular Economy Specialist Training Program Updates News\n        \n          Train your organization\u2019s employees on the Circular Economy via professional skills, waste management, resource efficiency, and business models; all essential and advanced topics are covered \u2014 a case study teaches data, methods, and tools from idea to practice.\n        \n        Explore the programs\n          Program page\n          \n            https:\/\/dei.so\/circular-economy-training-program\" data-s=\"Circular Economy Specialist Training Program\" data-d=\"1665845400\" data-m=\"1786539142\" data-cat=\"16\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/circular-economy-specialist-training-program\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ce_training_20-768x543.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ce_training_20-768x543.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ce_training_20-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ce_training_20-1024x724.png 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ce_training_20.png 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ce_training_20-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Updates<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Updates<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">15 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/circular-economy-specialist-training-program\">Circular Economy Specialist Training Program<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Train your organization\u2019s employees on the Circular Economy via professional skills, waste management, resource efficiency, and business models; all essential and advanced topics are covered \u2014 a\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/circular-economy-specialist-training-program\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Circular Economy Specialist Training Program\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"What is the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) and how to perform it? Blog Posts Definition\n    What an Environmental Product Declaration actually is\n    An Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) is a Type III environmental declaration under ISO 14025: a standardized, independently verified, quantified report of a product\u2019s environmental performance across its life cycle, produced against a set of Product Category Rules and published by a recognized programme operator.\n    Three parts of that definition do the work, and each is a place where declarations fail:\n    \n      Quantified, not narrative. An EPD reports impact category results in defined units, calculated from a Life Cycle Assessment conducted under ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. It does not rate, score, or rank the product, and it makes no claim that the product is environmentally preferable.\n      Governed by Product Category Rules. The PCR fixes the functional or declared unit, the system boundary, the modules to be declared, cut-off rules, allocation, and data quality requirements. Two EPDs are only comparable if they follow the same PCR and declare the same modules.\n      Independently verified and published. Verification by a qualified third party is not optional under ISO 14025. Without it, the document is not an EPD, whatever it is labelled.\n    \n    What it is not\n    Common misconceptions worth clearing early\n    An EPD is not a certification, and not an environmental label. ISO 14024 Type I labels (Blue Angel, Nordic Swan) certify that a product meets criteria. An EPD asserts nothing about performance thresholds; it reports numbers and lets the reader judge.\n    An EPD is not automatically comparable to another EPD. Comparability requires the same PCR, the same declared unit, the same declared modules, the same background database and version, and the same characterization method. Cross-comparing declarations from different programme operators without checking those five things produces conclusions that will not survive review.\n    A good EPD does not mean a low-impact product. The declaration reports what the product does. A high-impact product with a well-executed EPD is still a high-impact product \u2014 but its manufacturer now knows exactly where the impact sits.\n      The value of an EPD is not the PDF. It is the verified life cycle model behind it, which becomes reusable for Scope 3 accounting, product carbon footprints under ISO 14067, eco-design, and tender responses.\n\n    Standards\n    The standards that govern EPDs\n    An EPD sits inside a stack of standards rather than a single one. Knowing which document controls which decision is the difference between a declaration that passes verification first time and one that comes back with findings.\n      \n        \n          \n            Standard\n            What it controls\n          \n        \n        \n          \n            ISO 14025\n            The governing framework for Type III environmental declarations. Defines the role of the programme operator, the requirement for Product Category Rules, the verification requirement, and the conditions for comparability.\n          \n          \n            ISO 14040 \/ ISO 14044\n            The underlying LCA methodology: goal and scope, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation. Every EPD rests on an LCA conducted to these standards.\n          \n          \n            EN 15804+A2\n            The core PCR for construction products in Europe. Fixes the declared modules, the mandatory impact categories and their characterization methods (EF 3.0), the biogenic carbon reporting rules, and the treatment of module D. The +A2 amendment substantially changed the indicator set from the original EN 15804+A1.\n          \n          \n            ISO 21930\n            The international core rules for construction product EPDs, used where EN 15804 does not apply \u2014 predominantly North American programmes.\n          \n          \n            ISO 14067\n            Product carbon footprint quantification. Not an EPD standard, but the same underlying model usually serves both, and PCF results are frequently extracted from EPD work.\n          \n          \n            Product-specific PCR \/ c-PCR\n            The rules for your specific product category, issued by the programme operator. Complementary PCRs (c-PCR) sit under EN 15804 and refine it for a product group. This is the document that governs your declared unit and your scenarios \u2014 read it before modelling anything.\n          \n        \n      \n    Programme operators\n    Choosing a programme operator\n    The programme operator administers the PCR system, maintains the verifier pool, registers and publishes declarations, and defines the general programme instructions your EPD must satisfy. The choice is commercial as much as technical \u2014 it determines which markets recognize the declaration.\n    Established operators include the International EPD System, IBU in Germany, EPD Norge, EPD Italy, and UL Solutions and NSF in North America. Select on the basis of where your buyers are, whether a suitable PCR already exists in that programme, mutual recognition arrangements with other operators, and verifier availability in your product category. Switching operator mid-project means re-reading the general programme instructions and often re-scoping.\n\n    Process\n    How an EPD is actually developed, step by step\n    A first EPD typically runs three to six months from kickoff to publication. Modelling is rarely the constraint. Data collection is \u2014 specifically, getting verified supplier data and reconciling production records to the declared unit.\n        1\n          Select the programme operator and locate the PCR\n          Confirm a valid PCR exists for your product category and check its expiry date. If none exists, one must be developed or an existing one extended \u2014 that adds months and cost, and it is the single most common reason a first EPD slips.\n          Deliverable: PCR reference, programme general instructions, verifier shortlist.\n        2\n          Fix the declared unit and system boundary\n          The PCR dictates the declared or functional unit \u2014 1\u00a0m\u00b2 of installed product at a stated thickness, 1\u00a0tonne of material, 1\u00a0piece over a reference service life. Get this wrong and every downstream number is wrong. Decide at the same time whether the declaration is cradle-to-grave, or cradle-to-gate with options where the PCR permits it.\n          Deliverable: goal and scope document, declared unit, module list, reference service life.\n        3\n          Build the data collection framework before collecting anything\n          Define what is needed per module, per site, for which reference year, and who owns each input. Foreground data covers raw material inputs, energy carriers and quantities, water, process waste, packaging, and transport distances and modes. Ad-hoc collection produces gaps that only surface at verification.\n          Deliverable: structured collection template, data ownership map, reference year.\n        4\n          Collect and validate primary data\n          Manufacturing data must be primary and site-specific for modules A1\u2013A3, covering a full representative production year. Reconcile mass and energy balances before modelling: inputs must account for outputs plus losses. Unreconciled balances are a standard verification finding.\n          Deliverable: validated inventory, mass and energy balance, documented data gaps and their treatment.\n        5\n          Model the system and select background data\n          Build the model in openLCA, SimaPro, or GaBi against a background database \u2014 typically ecoinvent, or the datasets mandated by the programme. Record the database name and exact version; a version mismatch between the model and the report is another routine finding. Apply the allocation rules the PCR requires, and document any deviation with justification.\n          Deliverable: LCA model, database and version record, allocation justification.\n        6\n          Run the impact assessment and test the result\n          Calculate the mandatory indicators using the characterization method the PCR specifies \u2014 EF 3.0 under EN 15804+A2. Then stress the result: contribution analysis to find the hotspots, sensitivity analysis on the assumptions that drive them, and a scenario check on end-of-life and transport, which are usually assumption-heavy.\n          Deliverable: indicator results by module, contribution and sensitivity analysis.\n        7\n          Write the background report and the declaration\n          Two documents, not one. The background LCA report carries the methodology, assumptions, data sources, data quality assessment, and calculations \u2014 it is what the verifier reads. The EPD itself is the public-facing summary in the programme\u2019s required format. A thin background report is the fastest route to a failed verification.\n          Deliverable: background LCA report, draft EPD in programme format.\n        8\n          Verification, registration, and publication\n          An approved independent verifier checks conformity with the PCR, the underlying standards, and the programme instructions, and issues findings you must close. Once verified, the programme operator registers and publishes the declaration. Budget four to eight weeks for this stage, longer if findings are substantive.\n          Deliverable: verification statement, registered and published EPD, validity period start date.\n\n    Life cycle modules\n    What an EN 15804+A2 declaration contains\n    Results are reported by module, not as a single total. Which modules you declare determines what your EPD can be used for \u2014 a cradle-to-gate declaration cannot answer a whole-building assessment question.\n      \n        \n          \n            Modules\n            Stage\n            What it covers\n          \n        \n        \n          \n            A1\u2013A3\n            Product stage\n            Raw material supply, transport to the plant, and manufacturing. Mandatory in every declaration, and the modules requiring primary site data.\n          \n          \n            A4\u2013A5\n            Construction process\n            Transport to the construction site, and installation including losses and installation waste.\n          \n          \n            B1\u2013B7\n            Use stage\n            Use, maintenance, repair, replacement, refurbishment, operational energy use, and operational water use across the reference service life.\n          \n          \n            C1\u2013C4\n            End of life\n            Deconstruction or demolition, transport, waste processing for reuse or recycling, and final disposal.\n          \n          \n            D\n            Beyond the boundary\n            Benefits and loads outside the system boundary \u2014 recycling potential, energy recovery. Reported separately and never added into the cradle-to-grave total.\n          \n        \n      \n    Under EN 15804+A2, cradle-to-grave with module D is the default. Cradle-to-gate with options is permitted only under the conditions the standard sets out, and the declaration must state clearly which route was taken.\n    Indicators\n    The core environmental indicators\n    EN 15804+A2 moved the indicator set to the EF 3.0 characterization methods and split global warming potential into four separately reported figures. Declarations built against the older +A1 indicator set are not directly comparable with +A2 declarations.\n      \n        \n          \n            Indicator\n            Abbreviation\n            Unit\n          \n        \n        \n          Global warming potential, totalGWP-totalkg CO\u2082 eq.\n          Global warming potential, fossilGWP-fossilkg CO\u2082 eq.\n          Global warming potential, biogenicGWP-biogenickg CO\u2082 eq.\n          Global warming potential, land use and land use changeGWP-luluckg CO\u2082 eq.\n          Ozone depletion potentialODPkg CFC-11 eq.\n          Acidification potentialAPmol H\u207a eq.\n          Eutrophication, freshwaterEP-freshwaterkg P eq.\n          Eutrophication, marineEP-marinekg N eq.\n          Eutrophication, terrestrialEP-terrestrialmol N eq.\n          Photochemical ozone formationPOCPkg NMVOC eq.\n          Abiotic depletion, minerals and metalsADP-minerals&amp;metalskg Sb eq.\n          Abiotic depletion, fossil resourcesADP-fossilMJ, net calorific value\n          Water deprivation potentialWDPm\u00b3 world eq. deprived\n        \n      \n    A further set of indicators \u2014 particulate matter, ionising radiation, ecotoxicity freshwater, human toxicity cancer and non-cancer, and land use related soil quality \u2014 is declared with a disclaimer on result reliability. Alongside the impact indicators, the declaration also reports resource use, waste categories, and output flows.\n\n    Verification\n    Why third-party verification is not optional\n    Verification is what makes the data unbiased, harmonized, and usable by anyone other than the manufacturer. ISO 14025 treats it as constitutive: a declaration that has not been independently verified is not a Type III declaration, and will not be recognized by certification schemes, procurement frameworks, or regulatory instruments that reference EPDs.\n    Two failure modes are worth naming. The first is documents marketed as EPDs that meet the format but carry no verification. The second is verification by a party without demonstrable independence from the study. Both leave the buyer holding a document that will be rejected the first time it is scrutinized.\n    What the verifier actually checks\n    \n      Conformity of the LCA with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044\n      Conformity with the applicable PCR and the programme\u2019s general instructions\n      Plausibility, completeness, and traceability of the underlying data\n      Correct application of allocation, cut-off, and system boundary rules\n      Consistency between the background report, the model, and the published declaration\n    \n    Validity\n    Validity, updates, and what invalidates a declaration\n    EPDs are typically valid for five years from publication. That period is not a guarantee \u2014 the declaration must remain representative of the product and process it describes. Material changes require the EPD to be updated and re-verified before the term expires.\n    Circumstances that commonly trigger an update:\n    \n      A change in formulation, supplier, or production site\n      A significant change in the energy mix or process efficiency at the manufacturing site\n      Expiry or revision of the governing PCR\n      A revision of the underlying standard \u2014 the EN 15804+A1 to +A2 transition forced a wave of recalculations across the sector\n    \n    Planning for the update at the outset is what keeps the second EPD cheap. A well-structured model with documented data sources can be re-run in weeks; an undocumented one is rebuilt from scratch.\n    Business use\n    What the declaration is worth once you have it\n    Green public procurement and tenders. Increasingly, EPDs are a qualification requirement rather than a differentiator \u2014 the absence of one removes you from the shortlist.\n    Building certification. LEED, BREEAM, and DGNB all award credits for products with verified declarations, and whole-building LCA under those schemes depends on product-level EPD data.\n    Scope 3 accounting. Purchased goods and services is the largest category in most corporate inventories, and supplier-specific EPD data replaces spend-based estimates with primary data. The same verified model feeds a product carbon footprint under ISO 14067 with limited additional work.\n    Eco-design and decarbonization. The contribution analysis behind the declaration identifies where the impact actually sits \u2014 which is where reduction effort belongs. Manufacturers routinely find that the hotspot is not where they assumed.\n      Scope note\n      DEISO develops EPDs and the underlying LCA studies, and provides independent pre-submission technical review. DEISO is not a programme operator and does not issue verification statements or certifications; verification is carried out by verifiers approved under the relevant programme.\n      Explore EPD services \u2192\n      EPD pre-submission review \u2192\n\n\nEnvironmental product declaration (EPD) development\nEnd-to-end support for EPD development \u2014 turning product life cycle results into structured, credible, market-relevant environmental communication.\nExplore service \u2192\n\nEPD pre-submission review services\nIndependent pre-submission technical review of EPD-ready documentation \u2014 identifies methodological gaps, data issues, structural inconsistencies, and readiness risks before formal submission.\nExplore service \u2192\n\nRapid 48\u201372 hour EPD data readiness review (modules A1\u2013D)\nPre-submission data review and readiness assessment produced within 48\u201372 hours \u2014 identifies missing module data, inconsistent assumptions, weak traceability, and technical gaps across modules A1\u2013D before verification and submission.\nExplore service \u2192\n\nEPD data collection framework \u2014 template A1\u2013D for verification readiness\nStructured EPD data collection framework covering modules A1 to D \u2014 supports internal organization, stronger data quality, and improved verification readiness across product declaration workflows.\nExplore framework \u2192\n\nEnvironmental product declaration (EPD) capacity building\nExpert-led EPD capacity building programs built around practical competence in declaration structure, underlying LCA logic, data preparation, interpretation, and ISO-aligned EPD workflows.\nExplore capacity building \u2192\n\nRequest a quotation\nRequest a tailored quotation for EPD support, pre-submission review, capacity building, or structured technical assistance aligned with your product scope, timeline, and business objectives.\nRequest a quotation \u2192\n\nWhy choose DEISO\nSee why enterprises, suppliers, and public sustainability organizations trust DEISO for EPD development, pre-submission review, capacity building, and verification-ready delivery.\nWhy choose DEISO \u2192\" data-s=\"What is the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) and how to perform it?\" data-d=\"1665737273\" data-m=\"1786273737\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-the-environmental-product-declaration-epd-and-how-to-perform-it\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_EPD_01-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_EPD_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_EPD_01-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_EPD_01-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_EPD_01-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_EPD_01-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_EPD_01.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">14 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 12 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-the-environmental-product-declaration-epd-and-how-to-perform-it\">What is the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) and how to perform it?<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Definition What an Environmental Product Declaration actually is An Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) is a Type III environmental declaration under ISO 14025: a standardized, independently verified, quantified report\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-is-the-environmental-product-declaration-epd-and-how-to-perform-it\" aria-label=\"Read the article: What is the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) and how to perform it?\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"What are Material Flow Analysis (MFA) and Substance Flow Analysis (SFA)? Blog Posts What is Material Flow Analysis (MFA)?\t\t\t\t\n\t\tSystematic accounting of the movements and stockpiles of various materials during a specific period in an area is made possible by MFA. The definition of &quot;materials&quot; is comprehensive, including individual chemical constituents, compounds, and manufactured things. Aluminum, steel, copper, and uranium are a few materials often researched as part of an MFA program. The mass balancing concept, developed from the law of mass conservation, is the foundation of MFA. This implies that materials inputs and outputs, with any losses or stockpiles, must be balanced (i.e., accumulation). MFA may cover a material&#039;s life cycle, including mining, manufacturing usage, and waste management. MFA is appropriate for resource scarcity research because it considers both material stocks and material flow besides material flows. Typically, material flows are monitored for years, allowing for the study of long-term patterns in material utilization. MFA may also calculate an economy&#039;s resource productivity. However, it is not appropriate to consider single production systems.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tThe Material Flow Analysis (MFA)Therefore, MFA assesses the flow of materials and goods in a production or distribution system. MFA can help identify areas where improvements can be made to optimize the flow of materials and goods, improve efficiency, and reduce costs.The objective of MFA is to examine the flows and stocks of any material-based system; MFA is a suitable instrument. It provides information on the system&#039;s behavior. Integrating with other fields like energy flow, economic, and consumer-oriented analysis makes it easier to manage an anthropogenic system. The goals of MFA are to:Evaluating the movement of materials and goods in a manufacturing or distribution system is known as the primary goal of an MFA study. It can find places where the flow of materials and interests can be optimized, ultimately leading to greater efficiency and lower costs.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tAn Example of a Material Flow Analysis (MFA) ModelMFA is frequently used with other analytical methods like process mapping and value analysis to understand a production or distribution system more deeply. The use of an MFA depends on the organization&#039;s requirements; MFA can be applied in several ways. The following are some typical MFA applications:Locating inefficiencies and waste in a production or distribution chain.Enhancing a production or warehouse facility&#039;s operations.Enhancing the movement of supplies and products through a supply chain.Evaluating the effects of production and material handling on the environment.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tThe importance of MFA\t\t\t\t\n\t\tBecause it may assist businesses in increasing the effectiveness of their production and distribution networks, MFA is significant. This may cause financial savings and lessen the environmental effect of material handling and production.MFA is a business tool to boost an organization&#039;s performance by improving the flow of materials. It is also employed to locate and address production-related bottlenecks. The objective of MFA is to increase manufacturing process effectiveness, which enables the bottom line of the business. As a data-driven strategy that depends on precise data regarding the flow of materials. At various stages of the production process, inventories of the materials are taken to gather this data. MFA uses is used to develop a model of the manufacturing process. To locate and address production process bottlenecks, utilize this approach.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tUnderstanding the Material Flow Analysis System and Its Key Definitions\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConcept of Material Flow Analysis (MFA)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tAn Example of a Material Flow Analysis (MFA) ModelThe systematic evaluation of the flows and stocks of materials within a system characterized in space and time is known as MFA. It links a material&#039;s sources, routes, and intermediate and ultimate sinks. A straightforward material balance may manage the outcomes of an MFA that contrasts all inputs, stocks, and outputs of a process because of the rule of the conservation of matter.The approach is appealing as a decision-support tool in resource management, waste management, and environmental management because of this distinctive feature of MFA. An MFA provides information on all flows and stocks of a particular material inside a comprehensive and consistent system. The flow of wastes and environmental loadings may be seen, and their origins can be found by balancing inputs and outputs. Early detection of material stock depletion or accumulation allows for implementing preventive actions or encouraging more expansion and future use. And minute adjustments that cannot be seen in the short term but might gradually cause long-term harm also emerge. There is more to anthropogenic systems than material movements and stocks. If the anthroposphere is to be handled responsibly, it must consider energy, space, information, and socioeconomic challenges. MFA may be carried out without taking these elements into account.Still, these additional considerations are necessary for most circumstances to comprehend and use the MFA findings. MFA is commonly combined with economics, urban planning, and other relevant topics analyses. For the examination of anthropogenic systems, a common language is required. This similarity makes it easier to compare the outcomes of several MFAs in a visible and repeatable manner. This manual defines vocabulary and processes for analyzing, describing, and modeling material flow systems, allowing for a thorough, repeatable, and transparent accounting of all material flows and stocks inside a system.The word &quot;material&quot; refers to both things and substances. According to the chemistry definition, a substance is a single matter made up of uniform units. The material is an element if the building blocks are atoms, like carbon or iron, or a chemical compound if the building blocks are molecules, like carbon dioxide or iron chloride. Substances or combinations of substances are considered goods when marketplaces give them economic worth. The value may be positive (for example, a vehicle, gasoline, or wood) or negative (municipal solid waste, sewage sludge). The term &quot;goods&quot; is generally used in economics to refer to immaterial items like energy (such as electricity), services, and information. However, in MFA terminology, the word &quot;goods&quot; exclusively refers to tangible objects. But when MFA is utilized, for instance, to make judgments about resource conservation, the relationship between goods defined by MFA and other goods used by economists might be significant. Transport, change, or storage of materials are all processed.The movement of dissolved phosphorus in a river is an example of a natural transport process. It may also be an artificial activity, such as gas flow in a pipeline or waste collection. The same is true for storages and transformations (such as the oxidation of carbon dioxide by natural forest fires vs. artificial heating systems) (e.g., natural sedimentation vs. artificial landfilling). Stocks have the physical unit of kilos and are defined as material reservoirs (mass) inside the examined system. A stock is a process component consisting of the mass kept within the process. Stocks play a crucial role in a system&#039;s metabolism. The mean residence time of material in stock may be computed under steady-state circumstances (input equals output) by dividing the material mass in the stock by the material flow into or out of stock. Stocks may rise or decrease in size due to material accumulation or depletion. Materials&#039; flows (mass per time) or fluxes (mass per time and cross section) connect processes. Imports and exports are flows or fluxes that occur across system boundaries. Those entering a process are known as inputs, while materials leaving are known as outputs.A system comprises several material flows, stocks, and processes within a predetermined boundary. The smallest system comprises simply one process. The following are examples of typical systems that MFA examines: a region, a municipal incinerator, a residential home, an industry, a farm, etc. Space and time are used to define the system boundaries. When the system boundary in time is chosen, factors such as objectives, data availability, appropriate balancing period, the residence time of materials within stocks, and others must be considered. It can comprise physical borders (region) or virtual limits (e.g., private households, including processes serving the private household such as transportation, waste collection, and sewer system).\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tAn Example of a Material Flow Analysis (MFA) ModelSubstance: Any (chemical) element or compound composed of univariate units is a substance. All substances (such as N, C, Cu, NH4+, and CO2) are homogeneous because they each have a distinct and identical constitution.GOOD: Economic entities of matter having a positive or negative value are goods (e.g., drinking water, fuel oil, solid waste, sewage, respectively).Some products, such as air, exhaust, or precipitation, are neutral in terms of value, meaning they have no economic worth.MATERIAL: The word &quot;material&quot; is used to refer to both substances and objects. Thus, it encompasses all naturally occurring materials and those that have been altered physically or chemically.PROCESSES: When examining products and substances, or when it is not yet evident whether an examination will be conducted at the level of goods or substances, the word &quot;material&quot; is employed. Transformation, transportation, and storage of goods and substances are processes.STOCK: The &quot;stock of materials&quot; refers to the entire quantity of materials kept in a process.Here are stock examples:The waste in an incineration facility - fresh garbage causes the stock to rise, while incineration causes the stock to dropThe building is a component of the infrastructure - the stock increases when a new building is constructed. The stock decreases when a building is demolished.FLOW is the ratio of mass per unit of time that passes through a conductor, such as a water pipe. It is possible to specify the physical division of flow in terms of kg\/sec or t\/yr.FLUX: is a flow per &quot;cross-section,&quot; according to the definition. A person, 1 m2 of surface area, or an entity like a private home or business are often utilized cross sections in MFA. The flux may be expressed in units such as kg\/(sec.m2).SYSTEM: A system comprises several components that interact with one another. The members of a system are called processes and flow in MFA. An outline might be a company (such as a waste incineration facility), a region, a country, or a single-family home.Every product in an MFA system may be precisely recognized via an original and a target procedure.SYSTEM BOUNDARY: The system boundary is established in time and space (temporal and spatial system boundaries). For anthropogenic systems like a company, a city, or a country, periods of 1 year are often used as the time limit due to data availability. The geographic region where the processes are situated usually determines the boundaries of the spatial system.Imports are flows into a system, while exports are movements out of a system.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tWhat is Substance Flow Analysis (SFA)?\t\t\t\t\n\t\tWhen a single substance is the focus, MFA, also known as SFA, is a methodical evaluation of the status and changes of flows and stocks of materials within a system specified in space and time. MFA links a material&#039;s sources, routes, intermediate sinks, and final sinks. The outcomes of an MFA may be managed by a straightforward mass balancing that contrasts all inputs, stocks, and outputs of a process because of the law of conservation of matter. The approach is appealing as a decision-support tool in resource management, waste management, environmental management, and policy evaluation due to this distinctive feature of MFA.However, SFA is a particular subtype of MFA that focuses on chemical elements or molecules. Most SFA studies&#039; primary objective is to offer knowledge for regional or national strategic management of chemical substances. SFA can monitor environmental contamination over time in a particular area. Pollution emissions from various sources to a specific area&#039;s air, water, and land. However, the line separating MFA and SFA is frequently blurred, and the two phrases are occasionally interchangeable.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tHow Can DEISO Help Your Organization With MFA?\t\t\t\t\n\t\tVisit our MFA page here to learn about our MFA services from analysis and evaluation.DEISO also provides training programs for MFA and its software.See also our Circular Economy services and the Life Cycle Assessment services, which represent an integrated approach with MFA for better sustainability, resource efficiency, supply chain, and environmental performance.See also our services for Waste Management Systems.\" data-s=\"What are Material Flow Analysis (MFA) and Substance Flow Analysis (SFA)?\" data-d=\"1665416327\" data-m=\"1786278041\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-are-material-flow-analysis-mfa-and-substance-flow-analysis-sfa\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_MFA_SFA-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_MFA_SFA-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_MFA_SFA-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_MFA_SFA-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_MFA_SFA.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DEISO_MFA_SFA-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">11 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-are-material-flow-analysis-mfa-and-substance-flow-analysis-sfa\">What are Material Flow Analysis (MFA) and Substance Flow Analysis (SFA)?<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">What is Material Flow Analysis (MFA)? Systematic accounting of the movements and stockpiles of various materials during a specific period in an area is made possible by MFA.\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/what-are-material-flow-analysis-mfa-and-substance-flow-analysis-sfa\" aria-label=\"Read the article: What are Material Flow Analysis (MFA) and Substance Flow Analysis (SFA)?\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Life Cycle Assessment: A Getting Started Guide Tutorials Background\r\nLife cycle assessment: a getting started guide\r\nSustainability is widely debated; putting it into practice is harder. After an investigation, declarations and actions need to follow quickly if environmental damage is to be reduced and previous efforts improved on. Three conditions have to be met: an action must be available to take, the alternatives must be ranked, and the best practice must be chosen with cost, environmental impact, and economic constraints all in view.\r\n\r\nLife Cycle Assessment (LCA) is the decision-making tool that helps select and optimize among the technology solutions or products available to meet that demand. The question is not how to solve a particular case of tight money \u2014 engineering already handles that. The question is how to set priorities, because no one can afford to fund everything. LCA shows which procedures most need to change.\r\n\r\nFrom a sustainability standpoint, LCA matters because it covers the whole lifecycle of a product or service. That prevents a local improvement from simply moving the environmental burden somewhere else. Strategies for evaluating ecological performance, raw material use, and pollutant emissions all depend on the purpose of the system or item under study \u2014 which was not the case with earlier environmental assessments.\r\n\r\nConcept\r\nWhat is life cycle assessment?\r\nLCA is a methodology for assessing the environmental impacts of a product or system across its whole life cycle, from cradle to grave. It identifies and quantifies the ecological effects of that system so decision-makers can choose more sustainably. It is used on cars, buildings, and food systems alike, and it considers every step: obtaining the raw materials, making the product, using it, and disposing of it.\r\n\r\nLCA is a detailed and often complex process, commonly used to compare the environmental impacts of products and services. It can be applied at any level, from local to global. Several assessment methods and approaches exist; the important thing is choosing the method and procedure appropriate to the product or system in question.\r\n\r\nLCA considers:\r\n\r\n \tExtraction of raw materials\r\n \tProduction of the product\r\n \tUse of the product\r\n \tTransportation and energy use\r\n \tWaste management\r\n\r\nHow it works\r\nHow an LCA is carried out\r\nAn LCA is performed by a trained analyst who collects data across all stages of a product\u2019s life cycle, enters that data into software, and models the system. It can be done by hand, but the calculation is slow; LCA software accelerates the process considerably.\r\n\r\nThe analyst then examines how each life cycle stage affects the environment and assigns each a weight, based on the nature of the effect and how much that stage contributes to the product\u2019s overall impact. The output is an environmental profile of the product, together with recommendations for reducing its impacts.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nApplications\r\nWhat LCA is used for\r\n\r\n \tIdentifying and reducing the environmental impacts of a business\r\n \tIdentifying sustainable business practices\r\n \tDeveloping greener technologies, products, and systems\r\n \tUnderstanding the impacts of climate change on the environment and on health, and assessing approaches to address it\r\n \tComparing products, technologies, or future scenarios against a baseline \u2014 the current situation, for example\r\n \tImproving the environmental performance of technologies\r\n \tAnswering broad environmental and sustainability questions, particularly when combined with other assessment methods\r\n \tIdentifying weak points in products, technologies, and services\r\n \tHelping consumers make informed decisions about what they buy\r\n\r\nStudy types\r\nTypes of LCA study\r\n1\r\nScreening LCA\r\nEstimates how environmentally sound a product, service, or manufacturing process is. Drawing on a Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) database covering thousands of processes and sectors, it calculates several impacts \u2014 eutrophication, acidification, human toxicity, climate change \u2014 to give an overall picture of environmental load. It is useful for understanding whether choosing a particular product will improve or worsen a company\u2019s environmental profile.\r\n\r\n2\r\nProduct LCA\r\nExamines the environmental performance of a product or technology from conception to disposal, covering every stage of the production cycle from extraction onward, including the disposal route and its consequences \u2014 pollution from landfilling, incineration, or hazardous waste handling.\r\n\r\n3\r\nComparative LCA\r\nAccounts for the impacts of every stage across two or more alternatives. The common case is comparing one product or technology against another, but the same approach applies to comparing development routes or scenarios.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nComparison\r\nLCA versus environmental impact assessment (EIA)\r\nComparing LCA and EIA across their respective time and geographical scales shows the two instruments to be complementary rather than competing. An LCA evaluates a product or service from extraction (cradle) through to End-of-Life (grave), typically on a global scale.\r\n\r\nAn EIA, by contrast, examines a single location. Site-specific EIAs weigh variables particular to that place \u2014 the number of people living nearby, the distance between the site and residential districts, and the presence of specific ecosystems.\r\n\r\nUpstream\r\nExtraction of raw materials\r\nExtracting natural resources means removing materials from the earth to be manufactured or sold as commodities \u2014 coal, oil, gas, metals. The process can be hazardous and damaging to the environment when not done responsibly.\r\n\r\nOil and gas are extracted by drilling into the earth and pumping the fuel out, either by conventional methods or by fracking, which uses high-pressure water to break up rock and release the fuel. Coal extraction involves removing the earth above the deposits, or drilling into the ground.\r\n\r\nMetals are typically extracted through mining: the earth is dug away from the metal deposits, specialised tools pull out the metal, and it is then cleaned and processed to remove impurities before being transported to a manufacturing plant or refinery.\r\n\r\nRaw material extraction accounts for a significant share of the total environmental load of a system or product, so this phase needs careful treatment in any LCA. It is also complex in data terms \u2014 the system boundaries of the evaluation, the sub-processes involved, and the energy used all have to be resolved.\r\n\r\nThis phase is the \u201ccradle.\u201d The final disposal of a product made from those raw materials is the \u201cgrave\u201d \u2014 also called the End-of-Life (EoL) or waste management phase.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nStructure\r\nThe phases of an LCA\r\nAn LCA is a listing and analysis of the environmental effects of a product or service across its entire life cycle \u2014 obtaining the raw materials, making the product, packaging it, distributing it, using it, and disposing of it. The method has been in use for over thirty years, and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published the governing standards in the 1990s. It is now a well-established part of product and environmental assessment, and can be applied at any stage of product development.\r\n\r\nLCA supports work to:\r\n\r\n \tEvaluate the environmental impacts of products and services\r\n \tIdentify and measure their ecological benefits and costs\r\n \tAssess their environmental performance\r\n \tIdentify their significant ecological aspects\r\n \tSupport decision-making about them\r\n\r\nGeneral steps in conducting an LCA\r\n\r\n \tEstablish the boundaries and scope of the study\r\n \tSelect the product or service to be assessed\r\n \tIdentify and characterize the environmental impact categories\r\n \tDevelop a methodology for estimating ecological impacts\r\n \tEstimate the environmental impacts\r\n \tPrepare the LCA report and communicate the results\r\n\r\nImpact assessment\r\nLife cycle impact assessment (LCIA)\r\nLCIA is an essential step of any LCA. Methodologies such as CML, ReCiPe, and TRACI have been developed to carry out the evaluation, and they operate at two levels: Mid-Point and End-Point.\r\n\r\nMost LCIA procedures work at the Mid-Point level. A few, ReCiPe among them, provide End-Point evaluation. At End-Point, environmental themes such as Global Warming Potential (GWP), Human Toxicity Potential (HTP), Acidification Potential (AP), energy depletion, Eutrophication Potential (EP), and Ozone Layer Depletion (OLD) are aggregated into damage categories \u2014 damage to health, damage to ecosystems, and damage to natural resources. Eleven or more environmental themes collapse into three ecological indicators.\r\n\r\nChoosing an appropriate LCIA approach is rarely straightforward. Reviewing industry reports and peer-reviewed academic studies is one practical route through that difficulty.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nImpact categories\r\nEnvironmental themes\r\nEnvironmental themes \u2014 also called environmental loads or impact categories \u2014 are the results produced by the LCIA phase. Climate change (GWP) is the most familiar; HTP is another. The themes most often evaluated in LCA are below.\r\n\r\n \tAbiotic Depletion of Elements (ADE) \u2014 measured in kg Sb eq., the effect of natural resource exploitation: the difference between resources used across the life cycle and resource consumption.\r\n \tAbiotic Depletion of Fossil resources (ADF) \u2014 expressed in MJ, relating to depletion of energy and non-renewable resources such as natural gas.\r\n \tAcidification Potential (AP) \u2014 in kg SO\u2082 eq., the quantity of H\u207a ions created per kilogram of material relative to SO\u2082, representing the maximum acidification a material may induce.\r\n \tEutrophication Potential (EP) \u2014 in kg phosphate eq., the potential for fertilizers to over-fertilize water and soil.\r\n \tFreshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity Potential (FAETP) \u2014 in kg DCB eq., quantifying the harm of toxic chemicals to aquatic life.\r\n \tGlobal Warming Potential (GWP) \u2014 in kg CO\u2082 eq., the standard measure of climate change potential.\r\n \tHuman Toxicity Potential (HTP) \u2014 in kg DCB eq., reflecting chemical emissions such as heavy metals to which humans are exposed.\r\n \tTerrestrial Ecotoxicity Potential (TETP) \u2014 in kg DCB eq., the impact of hazardous chemicals on terrestrial ecosystems.\r\n\r\nData\r\nLCA data\r\nDespite the volume of secondary data available, some processes and materials are simply absent from LCA databases. Data gathering is the hardest part of any LCA. Depending on time and resources, missing data can be collected directly or estimated in several ways. Two categories are worth distinguishing:\r\n\r\n \tForeground data \u2014 specialised data describing the particular production or product system being modeled.\r\n \tBackground data \u2014 emission factor databases and literature covering generic materials, energy, transportation, and waste management.\r\n\r\nLife cycle inventory (LCI)\r\nLCI databases of emission factors represent the environmental impact of products and materials per functional unit across their life cycles. They hold information on the materials and energy used in production and the waste generated in use and disposal, allowing impact to be assessed at each stage from raw material extraction to final disposal. They also support comparison between products and materials, and help identify where impact can be reduced.\r\nExamples of LCI databases\r\n\r\n \tecoinvent \u2014 the leading global LCI database, with broad coverage of country-specific processes in industrial nations, plus extensive processes categorized as China-Data or Global Data. It provides detailed process data across thousands of processes.\r\n \tIDEA (Inventory Database for Environmental Analysis) \u2014 the leading LCA database in Japan, covering most of the country\u2019s economic production activities. It holds around 3,800 processes based on the Japan Standard Commodity Classification, and is now accessible through SimaPro and openLCA.\r\n\r\nIDEA holds roughly 3,800 processes; ecoinvent holds around 18,000 activities and is updated frequently with new approaches. Note that widely used LCI databases such as ecoinvent and GaBi Professional, along with their extensions, include country-specific datasets covering Japan among others.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nThe four phases\r\nThe four iterative phases of LCA\r\n1\r\nGoal and scope definition\r\nThe study is outlined here, with its objectives and scope described. Several critical aspects are fixed at this point: the function of the system, the functional unit on which emissions and extractions will be based, and the system boundaries. Both the base scenario and the alternatives are set out.\r\n\r\nThe functional unit is the reference \u2014 the production of 1\u00a0kg of plastic, for instance, used to compare an alternative at the same 1\u00a0kg reference. Multiplying that unit impact by total production yields the net environmental impact of daily, monthly, or annual output.\r\n\r\n2\r\nInventory analysis\r\nEmissions to air, water, and soil, and extractions of renewable and non-renewable raw materials, are quantified. The resources the system needs to function are also determined at this stage.\r\n\r\n3\r\nImpact assessment\r\nThis phase determines the significance of the impacts identified in the inventory. Its steps are:\r\n\r\n \tEstablishing impact categories, category indicators, and characterization factors\r\n \tAssessing environmental consequences \u2014 global warming, human toxicity, ecotoxicity, resource use, and others\r\n \tClassifying emissions that contribute to each impact category, with End-Point characterization weighting and aggregating them based on their Mid-Point values\r\n \tDamage characterization, combining impact categories into damage categories \u2014 human health, ecosystem quality, resources\r\n \tAn optional normalization step, showing the studied product\u2019s contribution as a fraction of the global impact in a given category\r\n \tAn optional socially based weighting, accounting for relative importance or damage\r\n\r\n4\r\nInterpretation\r\nThe results are interpreted and the uncertainties assessed. Critical analysis tests the effect of the chosen boundaries and hypotheses, using sensitivity studies and uncertainty analysis \u2014 Monte Carlo simulation \u2014 to identify the main parameters and the alternatives for improvement. Environmental consequences can finally be weighed against economic or societal ones.\r\n\r\nBoundaries\r\nEvaluation levels\r\nWithin a system boundary, and within the dataset of a particular process, there are several levels of evaluation. What the dataset covers depends on its type \u2014 whether it is a gate-to-gate unit process, an aggregated process, or a process aggregated from cradle to grave.\r\n\r\n \tGate to gate \u2014 all company or site-related operations, from material acquisition or procurement through every on-site manufacturing process up to the final steps before leaving the site gates.\r\n \tCradle to gate \u2014 all operations from resource extraction through the final steps before exiting the site gates, including all energy and precursor production and on-site production.\r\n \tGate to grave \u2014 extends operations from the gate through to final disposal.\r\n \tCradle to grave \u2014 the whole life cycle: cradle-to-gate extended through the product\u2019s use, maintenance, and End-of-Life, covering disposal, recycling, and reuse.\r\n\r\nConclusion\r\nConclusion\r\nLCA is a practical tool for determining how products affect the environment and where that impact can be reduced. It helps companies lower the environmental burden of what they make, and make better decisions about how to design products and which materials to use.\r\n\r\nDEISO runs LCA professional training programs at basic, intermediate, advanced, and expert levels, remotely or in person.\r\n\r\nExplore LCA training programs \u2192\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA ecosystem\r\nExplore the DEISO life cycle assessment (LCA) ecosystem\r\nDEISO\u2019s integrated LCA ecosystem covers project execution, independent review, advisory, professional training, and technical systems built to support high-quality, ISO-aligned sustainability work.\r\n\r\n\r\nLCA project execution\r\nEnd-to-end Life Cycle Assessment execution for products, systems, and value chains with structured workflows and high technical quality.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA critical review (ISO 14040\/44)\r\nIndependent technical review confirming methodological consistency, transparency, and ISO alignment.\r\n\r\nExplore service \u2192\r\n\r\nSenior LCA strategic advisory\r\nExpert-level advisory for study design, methodology, and decision-making in LCA and EPD projects.\r\n\r\nExplore advisory \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA professional training\r\nStructured professional training that lets teams build strong LCA capability aligned with ISO standards.\r\n\r\nExplore training \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA software training (openLCA, GaBi, SimaPro)\r\nHands-on, software-focused training programs built for professionals working in openLCA, GaBi, and SimaPro environments.\r\n\r\nExplore programs \u2192\r\n\r\nLCA data collection system\r\nStructured data framework to improve consistency, reduce errors, and speed up LCA project execution.\r\n\r\nDownload system \u2192\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation\r\nRequest a tailored quotation aligned with your LCA, review, or training needs.\r\n\r\nRequest a quotation \u2192\" data-s=\"Life Cycle Assessment: A Getting Started Guide\" data-d=\"1665368043\" data-m=\"1791007909\" data-cat=\"1737\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-a-getting-started-guide\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/getteing_started_withLCA_DEISO-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/getteing_started_withLCA_DEISO-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/getteing_started_withLCA_DEISO-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/getteing_started_withLCA_DEISO-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/getteing_started_withLCA_DEISO.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/getteing_started_withLCA_DEISO-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Tutorials<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Tutorials<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">10 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 13 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-a-getting-started-guide\">Life Cycle Assessment: A Getting Started Guide<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Background Life cycle assessment: a getting started guide Sustainability is widely debated; putting it into practice is harder. After an investigation, declarations and actions need to follow quickly\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/life-cycle-assessment-a-getting-started-guide\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Life Cycle Assessment: A Getting Started Guide\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Introducing the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)Training Programs Updates News\n        \n          Introducing EPD training programs: we now provide Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) Training Programs of \u201cProfessional\u201d and \u201cAdvanced.\u201d Choose the one that best meets your requirements.\n        \n        \n          Perform EPD calculations in an LCA software: you can choose from GaBi, SimaPro, or openLCA (free software) \u2014 select the software you have a license for or the free openLCA software. In addition to basic LCA training, the program comes with several unique features.\n        \n        Compare the two programs\n          Program page\n          \n            https:\/\/dei.so\/environmental-product-declaration-epd-training-programs\n          \n        What is an EPD?\n        \n          An EPD is a document that communicates any product or chemical\u2019s environmental performance or impacts across its lifetime. EPDs aid in reducing carbon emissions by letting users examine the impacts of different materials and products to choose the most sustainable option. EPDs are records that openly and transparently describe the environmental performance or impacts of a product or substance across its life cycle.\" data-s=\"Introducing the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)Training Programs\" data-d=\"1665313860\" data-m=\"1786539280\" data-cat=\"16\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-environmental-product-declaration-epd-training-programs\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/epd_training_x-768x600.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/epd_training_x-768x600.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/epd_training_x-300x234.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/epd_training_x-1024x800.png 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/epd_training_x.png 1311w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/epd_training_x-15x12.png 15w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Updates<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Updates<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">9 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-environmental-product-declaration-epd-training-programs\">Introducing the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)Training Programs<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Introducing EPD training programs: we now provide Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) Training Programs of \u201cProfessional\u201d and \u201cAdvanced.\u201d Choose the one that best meets your requirements. Perform EPD\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-environmental-product-declaration-epd-training-programs\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Introducing the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)Training Programs\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"New Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Training Programs are Now Available Announcements News\n        \n          We are excited to announce the launch of our new Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training programs. In addition to the popular \u201cBasic\u201d and \u201cAdvanced\u201d LCA training programs, we now offer two new programs: \u201cIntermediate\u201d and \u201cExpert.\u201d We have also rebuilt the previous programs\u2019 learning content. We also provide new customized LCA programs in which we may create a customized LCA training program depending on the topics that a customer wants to cover in a training plan.\n        \n        Learn more\n          Program page\n          \n            Learn more about the brand-new programs by clicking here.\" data-s=\"New Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Training Programs are Now Available\" data-d=\"1664851364\" data-m=\"1786543139\" data-cat=\"58\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/new-life-cycle-assessment-lca-training-programs-are-now-available\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/lca_training_x-1-768x768.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/lca_training_x-1-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/lca_training_x-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/lca_training_x-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/lca_training_x-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/lca_training_x-1-12x12.png 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Announcements<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Announcements<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">4 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/new-life-cycle-assessment-lca-training-programs-are-now-available\">New Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Training Programs are Now Available<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News We are excited to announce the launch of our new Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training programs. In addition to the popular \u201cBasic\u201d and \u201cAdvanced\u201d LCA training programs,\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/new-life-cycle-assessment-lca-training-programs-are-now-available\" aria-label=\"Read the article: New Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Training Programs are Now Available\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Achieving a Recycling-Oriented Society Blog Posts An In-Depth Look at the Relationships Between Circular Economy, Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG), and Recycling Technologies\t\t\n\t\tTransitioning to a circular economy will be critical to achieving a more sustainable future for a Recycling-Oriented Society. Actions such as technological evaluation from environmental, technical, and feasibility assessment of investment and planning for waste prevention, reduction, reuse, and recycling materials may dramatically cut yearly greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Suppose circular economy ideas are applied to the steel, aluminum, cement, chemical, and food industries; significant GHG reduction can be achieved.As the worldwide emphasis on ESG grows, a circular economy might be a helpful framework for firms to make their goods and operations more sustainable. A circular economy focuses on the sustainable use of resources throughout the production process, where materials are utilized for many and recycled at the end of the product&#039;s lifespan. It enables businesses to get more value from their resources while lowering the risk associated with their acquisition. Supply chain bottlenecks and fluctuating material prices are examples of such hazards. A circular economy also incorporates waste avoidance in production processes, which helps guarantee that items are more durable and may be reused several times.Population growth and a growing middle class with higher consumption levels are putting strain on our resources worldwide. Producers must accomplish more with less to match limited resources with this demand. The impending climate disaster and other environmental concerns need corporations to utilize resources more efficiently and sustainably.The European Commission&#039;s new Circular Economy Action Plan, published in March 2020, applies the well-known core principles of resource utilization (reduce, reuse, recycle) to these present difficulties. The plan&#039;s highlights include technology, trash, food and packaging, textiles, and plastics. Companies must identify and eliminate needless resource consumption and effectively use and manage current reuse and recycling streams.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tFor instance, the Japanese culture promotes the &quot;3Rs&quot; (reduce, reuse, and recycle), which are now recognized and implemented all over the world, and a society that places a high value on recycling (Recycling-Oriented Society). It is possible, for instance, to evaluate the similarities and differences between models of circular economies in Europe and Asia. The growth of the circular economy in Europe is astonishing. Every nation contributes knowledge or competence, and they all benefit from learning from the experiences of other nations. To fulfill all the responsibilities described above, it is typically necessary to include a company not directly involved, such as DEISO LLC. In addition, the nations have set critical and stringent goals for their Net-Emissions. With conservation, you also need to consider these factors.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tWhat Is the Relationship Between a Circular Economy and ESG?\t\t\n\t\tMore businesses in various industries are using circular economy ideas to cut costs, enhance profits, and minimize risk. Besides the growing number of enterprises implementing circular economy efforts, the number of circular economy-related rules has grown. When integrated with more comprehensive ESG strategies, circular economy concepts can act as a framework for improving sustainability and disclosing sustainability performance to stakeholders.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tESG frameworks aid in determining which metrics (e.g., product producers) should focus on. When we think about the circular economy, we generally think of product actors. So, when a product maker is looking for metrics for disclosure, they want to look at their core business operations and the areas where they can create the most significant progress,&quot;. A circular economy strategy may help product producers save costs by using resources better. Suppose product makers can drive improvements and mitigation measures across each product lifecycle stage. In that case, they are highly ripe and excellent for ESG disclosure.A circular economy is a practical framework for minimizing GHG emissions from materials. With the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) proclaiming that the world must achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 to avoid the worst consequences of climate change, goods makers may help achieve that objective by lowering their GHG emissions. Besides the stated recycling rules set by the EU and other nations, attaining net-zero objectives is becoming required. To comply with these laws, product producers must handle emissions from the manufacturing process and the materials utilized.Product producers may enhance their goods&#039; sustainability by undertaking a life cycle evaluation (LCA). LCAs may assist product makers in determining the quantity of waste generated during the production process, the number of raw materials utilized and the associated GHG emissions, and how waste is managed and recycled.Once product producers have this information, they may identify GHG emissions hotspots and devise a strategy to address them. LCAs may be valuable for a more comprehensive circular economy strategy since they provide the data required to enhance product sustainability. The power of LCA will be discussed later in this article. Keep reading.\t\t\n\t\t\tRecycling Technologies\t\t\n\t\tThermal, chemical, and material recycling technologies are becoming more effective in separating useable components from old materials, whether plastics, metals, or other complex substances. Thermal recycling methods employ heat to degrade materials into components that may be reused to produce new goods. Chemical recycling technologies utilize different solvents and catalysts to accomplish a similar purpose. Material recycling technologies use diverse physical ways to separate useable materials from waste. Thanks to these technologies&#039; continuing development and improvement, we can now recycle an ever-expanding spectrum of materials, including those that were thought too difficult or costly to recycle. This reduces the environmental impacts of material manufacturing and consumption and frees up resources that may develop new goods.Pyrolysis is a promising method of thermal recycling. Pyrolysis is heating materials to high temperatures absent oxygen, causing them to decompose into their constituent elements. These components may then be disassembled and reassembled to form new products. Pyrolysis is already used to recycle various materials such as plastics, tires, and wood.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tChemical recycling methods are also improving in efficiency and versatility. One well-known example is hydrolysis, which involves using heat and water to break down things into constituent elements. These components may then be recombined to form new products. Various products, including plastics, tires, and metal oxides, are already recycled via hydrolysis. Material recycling methods provide a diverse and effective method of recycling various materials. Magnetic separation, which employs magnets to separate useable materials from garbage, is one prominent example. Metals, plastics, and paper are already recycled using this method.\t\t\n\t\t\tWhat is Material Recycling\t\t\n\t\tConverting trash into new goods and resources is known as recycling. This concept often considers energy recovery from waste materials. The ability of a material to reclaim the properties it had in its original state determines how recyclable it is. It is an alternative to the &quot;conventional&quot; form of waste disposal that may help preserve resources and minimize greenhouse gas emissions. It may reduce the need for new raw materials and prevent the waste of potentially valuable materials, reducing energy consumption, air pollution (from incineration), and water contamination (from landfilling).Waste recycling technologies can decrease the garbage we generate drastically. Still, they also have their own set of disadvantages and limits. The most mature and effective method is thermal recycling; however, it can only recycle materials that can resist high temperatures. Chemical recycling is less efficient, but it can recycle more materials. Material recycling has the potential to recycle a wide variety of materials. Finally, the most effective recycling process will be determined by the material to be recycled.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tRecycling is the third phase in the &quot;Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle&quot; waste hierarchy. It is an essential aspect of modern waste reduction. It promotes environmental sustainability by reducing raw material input and rerouting waste output in the economic system. ISO standards for recycling include ISO 14001:2015 for environmental management control of recycling practices and ISO 15270:2008 for plastics waste.Glass, paper, cardboard, metal, plastic, tires, textiles, batteries, and electronics are all recyclable materials. Composting and other uses of biodegradable waste, such as food and garden waste, are also included in recycling. Recycling items are taken to a home recycling center or collected from curbside bins and sorted, cleaned, and reprocessed into fresh materials for manufacturing new products. d recycled into fresh materials for the production of new items\t\t\n\t\t\tWhat Is the Mechanical Recycling?\t\t\n\t\tMechanical recycling is the more commonly known methodology, as this has been in operation for some time. This technology implies the recycling practice. We all refer to plastic waste recycling as other plastic products.Chemical recycling is a relatively new collection of technologies recently gained popularity in the plastics recycling industry. The phrase &quot;chemical recycling&quot; refers to more than one technology\u2014it refers to several methods of completing the loop. Chemical recycling is a disposal strategy that lies between incineration, which tries to maximize the use of stored energy in the material, and mechanical recycling, which keeps the macrostructure of a plastic intact, primarily by shredding and remelting a sorted percentage of a particular polymer.Chemical recycling covers a variety of processes, such as pyrolysis, hydrolysis, and gasification. Chemical recycling techniques seek to close the loop by dissolving plastics into monomers or providing gases and condensates that may be fed into the chemical processing streams of large chemical plants worldwide. Manufacturers may generate high-performance plastics with virgin-equivalent quality through chemical recycling (e.g., for food).\u00a0Advanced or chemical recycling, again, is a relatively new technology. It is complementary to mechanical recycling because it can recycle a more comprehensive range of plastics rarely accepted by mechanical technology. There are several ongoing projects in the plastics and recycling industries to make advanced recycling more widespread. Chemical recycling is a cutting-edge plastic waste technology that offers several manufacturer opportunities.What is the technique? Plastic waste is broken down into its component molecular components by chemical recycling. When plastic is broken down in this way, the chemistry of its polymers is hurt, allowing for their reconstitution back to their original essential components, where they may then make new polymers or petrochemical feedstock.\t\t\n\t\t\tWhat Thermal Recycling\t\t\n\t\tCompared to energy-from-waste (or WtE\/Waste-to-Energy) technology, advanced thermal recycling (ATR) is a critical advancement. Using an ATR system, municipal solid waste (MSW) can be converted into electricity or steam used for industrial users or district heating. Fly ash from combustion processes, combustion bottom ash from combustion processes, and air pollution control system fly ash from air pollution control systems is all treated to create materials that may be reused. These systems are helpful for ATR: Systems for processing combustion bottom ash and fly ash to produce commercially viable products; and equipment for reclaiming energy and reducing air pollution. Before MSW enters the facility, it can be preprocessed to recover recyclable materials. Methane is a Greenglass and a significant contributor to climate change can be captured from landfills or utilized from biogasification processes to produce electricity. Incineration plans can also be used for WtE to produce electricity.\t\t\n\t\t\tBringing the Circular Economy and ESG Full Circle\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tProduct producers can apply the framework of a circular economy to lower product emissions, limit risk throughout the process of material acquisition, comply with laws, and fulfill the needs of stakeholders. Suppose companies include the concepts of a circular economy into a more comprehensive strategy that addresses environmental, social, and governance issues. In that case, it may be simpler for them to figure out how to enhance the long-term sustainability performance of their operations. It is possible that carrying out life cycle assessments, also known as LCAs, might be of utmost significance in collecting data necessary to cut down on emissions of greenhouse gases and guarantee higher sustainability.\t\t\n\t\t\tWhat is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)?\t\t\n\t\tCradle-to-grave analysis sometimes called a life cycle assessment (LCA), examines how a product affects the environment during its entire existence. Cradle-to-grave evaluation LCA is often used to compare how different products and services affect the environment. The cradle-to-grave technique for evaluating environmental impact considers a product&#039;s impacts across its entire life cycle, from creation to disposal. To identify which activities or products have the most negligible negative impact on the environment and which designs are the most environmentally friendly, apply the LCA technique.The life cycle assessment (LCA) approach may be used for any process or product production, from tomato farming to car assembly. Environmental repercussions occur off-site (e.g., emissions to air and water, solid waste). The goal of LCA is to identify and measure the environmental effects associated with every stage of a product&#039;s life cycle, including:Extraction of resources and raw materialsProduction\/manufacturingTransportation and distributionWaste: End of Life\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tThe LCA approach helps determine a product&#039;s environmental effects and environmentally friendly design. An analyst with specific expertise does LCA and is to gather data on every stage of a product&#039;s life cycle before putting that data into a computer program. The analyst will next evaluate each stage of the product&#039;s life cycle&#039;s impacts on the environment and assign a weight to each impact. The weight assigned to the stage is determined by considering its environmental impact and relative contribution to the product&#039;s total environmental impact. An LCA&#039;s ultimate output describes a product&#039;s environmental profile and makes recommendations for reducing its harmful impacts on the environment.\t\t\n\t\t\tThe Power of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): The Link with Circular Economy &amp; Recycling Technologies\t\t\n\t\t\u00a0But how can we know which chemical recycling processes to use on different plastics? And why should we use them when mechanical recycling is already a tried-and-true solution? In what situations can chemical recycling lessen the overall environmental effect while completing the material loop and minimizing the requirement for virgin resources?These are critical issues, particularly at this stage in developing, demonstrating, and piloting innovative chemical recycling processes. Life Cycle Assessment is a tried-and-true, internationally-defined method for analyzing and assessing the environmental effect of goods and activities (LCAs).Previously, LCA was mainly used for linear systems. A linear system (from the cradle to the grave) considers take-make-waste. Companies may undertake an LCA in such a system by analyzing and aggregating the effects at each life cycle step. Comparing items from various manufacturers or manufactured using different procedures is relatively simple.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tApplying LCA to circular systems, particularly chemical recycling technologies, presents problems and methodological issues. Comparing systems in circular systems is more complicated, particularly when connecting operations from one life cycle to the next (as in chemical recycling). Chemical recycling encompasses various processes, various kinds and grades of intermediates, recycling quality, and product uses. Without agreement on methodological decisions, such as system extension or differential methods, a direct comparison of such systems is not as easy as one would anticipate.It is still unclear how to define the system boundaries for chemical recycling systems and new goods generated from chemically recycled chemicals. Establishing which LCA technique businesses should use for chemical recycling is also critical. Should a corporation prioritize trash removal above alternative disposal techniques such as incineration or mechanical recycling? Should a company compare chemically recycled feedstocks\/products to their traditional virgin equivalents from a product-use standpoint?So far, we have increased transparency about the problem of developing a uniform strategy for LCA implementation for chemical recycling systems. To address this difficulty, individual companies, the rising industry, and the market for chemical recycling must work together.\t\t\n\t\t\tThe Importance of Material Flow Analysis (MFA) and how it can incorporate within the closed loop\t\t\n\t\tMFA makes it possible to conduct an organized accounting of the transportation and storage of various materials throughout an area for a certain amount of time. The word &quot;materials&quot; may apply to various manufactured goods and specific chemical components. This is because the phrase covers both categories. Materials like uranium, copper, steel, and aluminum are a few examples of things often covered in-depth throughout an MFA degree. The mass balancing notion, taken from the law of mass conservation, is the fundamental tenet around which the MFA is built. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the inputs and outputs of materials and any losses or stockpiles that may occur (i.e., accumulation). MFA may encompass all aspects of a material&#039;s life cycle, such as its mining, use in manufacturing, and the management of its waste. It is helpful for research on resource scarcity to employ MFA since it considers material stocks and material flow besides material fluxes. Monitoring material flows over an extended period often makes it feasible to research longer-term tendencies in material use. The MFA is a valuable tool for determining the resource productivity of an economy. However, it is not suitable to consider singular production systems.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConcept of Material Flow Analysis (MFA)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tHow DEISO Can Help in Your Projects\t\t\n\t\tOften, it is necessary to enlist the assistance of a third-party firm such as DEISO LLC for the concerns and the described technicalities, sustainability assessment, and evaluation methods above. In addition, global Net-Emissions targets are in demand in the countries that have begun this process. They should also be considered during conservation efforts. Therefore, large organizations may collaborate with DEISO to execute such projects or research in the industrial world. DEISO Speaks fluent LCA, MFA, circular economy, and waste management and speaks the language of recycling, resource efficiency, and chemical processes simulation.\t\t\n\t\t\tFurther Readings\t\t\n\t\tRead our Sphirica blog article about Material Flow Analysis (MFA) and Substance Flow Analysis (SFA)Read our Sphirica blog article about Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)Read our Sphirica blog article about Scope 3 GHG emissions\t\t\n\t\t\tFurther Readings\t\t\n\t\tLearn about our Multicriteria Technology, Startup, and Project EvaluationLearn About our circular economy ServicesLearn about Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) servicesLearn about our Material Flow Analysis (MFA) servicesLearn about our Waste and resource management servicesLearn about our chemical process modeling and simulation servicesLearn about our human resource development service of professional training programs\t\t\n\t\t\tGet Started: Contact Us\t\t\n\t\tNeed help with your next project? Let&#039;s talk. Feel free to introduce your project concept to us, and we will be happy to schedule a remote meeting with you. Please get in touch with us via this online form.Need a quote? Please submit the Request a Quote from here.\" data-s=\"Achieving a Recycling-Oriented Society\" data-d=\"1663226044\" data-m=\"1789630333\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/achieving-a-recycling-oriented-society\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/recycling-oriented-society-8-1-768x543.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/recycling-oriented-society-8-1-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/recycling-oriented-society-8-1-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/recycling-oriented-society-8-1-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/recycling-oriented-society-8-1.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/recycling-oriented-society-8-1-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">15 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 15 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/achieving-a-recycling-oriented-society\">Achieving a Recycling-Oriented Society<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">An In-Depth Look at the Relationships Between Circular Economy, Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG), and Recycling Technologies Transitioning to a circular economy will be critical to achieving a\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/achieving-a-recycling-oriented-society\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Achieving a Recycling-Oriented Society\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Our Circular Economy services now have detailed info available. News Updates News\n        \n          DEISO offers 10+ services for Circular Economy (CE) and how to help for the transition to CE. Information about our CE services is now available at ce.dei.so.\n        \n        Details\n        \n          The website at ce.dei.so now has information on our services for the Circular Economy (CE). DEISO is pleased to showcase our 10+ circular economy services and how we can assist your organization with transitioning to CE or work with you to strengthen your company\u2019s circularity in Japan and internationally. The following are some of our services:\n        \n        \n          \n            1\n            CE business modelsDevelopment of novel business models to improve production efficiency.\n          \n          \n            2\n            Resource efficiency and waste management utilizationHighlight the hotspots for waste generation, waste reduction potential, and waste management\u2019s environmental impact and benefits throughout the life cycle.\n          \n          \n            3\n            Circular economy accelerationConsidering the following factors while evaluating CE start-ups: technical, environmental, business circularity, strengths, limitations, potentials, and integration into your company\u2019s operations are all aspects to consider. We perform such multidimensional evaluation.\n          \n          \n            4\n            Evaluation and development of service conceptsSoftware-as-a-service (SaaS).\n          \n          \n            5\n            Capacity-building programs (training services)Human resource development for companies\u2019 employees based on the CE principles, methodologies, skills, knowledge, tools, and data.\n          \n          \n            6\n            Strategy developmentCreating a strategy that aligns with your company\u2019s goals \u2014 from goals to actions.\n          \n          \n            7\n            Collaboration servicesDeveloping new business models and ecosystems.\n          \n        \n        Get in touch\n          Contact\n          \n            For additional information, please visit ce.dei.so, or contact us at info@deiso.co.jp for inquiries or work requests.\" data-s=\"Our Circular Economy services now have detailed info available.\" data-d=\"1655451180\" data-m=\"1786539349\" data-cat=\"7,16\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/our-circular-economy-services-now-have-detailed-info-available\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_circular_economy_diagram-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_circular_economy_diagram-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_circular_economy_diagram-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_circular_economy_diagram.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_circular_economy_diagram-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_circular_economy_diagram-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">17 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/our-circular-economy-services-now-have-detailed-info-available\">Our Circular Economy services now have detailed info available.<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News DEISO offers 10+ services for Circular Economy (CE) and how to help for the transition to CE. Information about our CE services is now available at ce.dei.so.\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/our-circular-economy-services-now-have-detailed-info-available\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Our Circular Economy services now have detailed info available.\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Scope 3 GHG Emissions \u2013 All You Need to Know &amp; What We Offer? Blog Posts What Are Scope 3 Emissions, and How Can DEISO Assist Your Orgnization With Carbon Emissions of Scope 3?\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tScope 3 carbon emissions\t\t\t\t\n\t\tScope 3 emissions are indirect carbon emissions from an organization&#039;s value chain that do not relate to the generation of purchased energy. Scope 3 carbon emissions typically reside outside organizations - both upstream and downstream. The organization&#039;s value chain is a significant contributor to Scope 3 emissions. An organization&#039;s direct emissions, called &#039;Scope 1 emissions,&#039; refer to the carbon produced through its actions, such as fuel combustion and vehicle use. Indirect emissions from energy purchases, such as electricity, heat, steam, or cooling, are included in Scope 2. The term also includes upstream - for example, purchasing goods and services to make products or deliver services. Also included is downstream, for example, how a customer operates a product after being taken to market.GHG Protocol defines 15 categories applicable to Scope 3 emissions, including those that an organization manages, such as purchases, business travel, and investments. Scope 3 carbon emissions are the most complex part of an organization&#039;s emissions due to their broad scope and how they differ depending on the organization.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOverview of the three scopes\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tScope 3 considers other emissions generated by the organization when fossil fuels are burned in their value chain. Including upstream \u2013 e.g., goods and services purchased into an organization to manufacture goods or services. Also included is what happens downstream - for example, after a product is sold and used by customers.The three Scopes categorize these emissions in the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG).Scope 1: Direct emissions from a company&#039;s sources.Scope 2: Indirect emissions of energy purchased to operate (electricity, heating, &amp; cooling).Scope 3: All other indirect emissions from the value chain, upstream and downstream. Cover everything from purchased goods and raw materials, business travel and employee commuting, operational waste, and End-of-Life (EoL) treatment.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSource: Scope 3 Standard. The &quot;Greenhouse Gas Protocol.&quot;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\u201cCO2\u201d: Carbon Dioxide; \u201cCH4\u201d Methane; \u201cN2O: Nitrous Oxide\u201d; \u201c HFCs\u201d: Hydrofluorocarbons; \u201cPFCs\u201d: Perfluorocarbons ; \u201cSF6\u201d: Sulfur Hexafluoride; \u201cNF3\u201d: Nitrogen Trifluoride&quot;Direct emissions,&quot; or Scope 1 emissions, result directly from an organization&#039;s actions, such as fuel combustion and using its vehicles. Indirect emissions result from the purchase of electricity, heat, steam, or cooling from an energy provider. A Scope 3 assessment covers all indirect emissions resulting from the upstream and downstream value chain. All aspects of the organization&#039;s operation are covered, including, e.g., purchased goods and raw materials, travel and employee commuting, capital goods, energy-related activities, use of goods, and operational waste.Customer and supplier emissions result from the company&#039;s products and services. Transport, office buildings, and employee travel are examples of residual emissions from a company&#039;s operations not associated with its products and services. A company can manage Scope 3 emissions in 15 categories, e.g., goods and services purchased, business travel, and investments.Scope 3 carbon emissions are the most complex of an organization&#039;s emissions due to how broad they are and how they differ widely between organizations. There are three Greenhouse Gas (GHG) categories: of scopes emissions: Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 were. Scope 3 emissions are often challenging to identify and quantify, making them less likely to be included in the GHG inventories of several organizations.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tJapan&#039;s Net-Zero Emissions by 2050.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJapan&#039;s Net-Zero Emissions by 2050.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tAs the world&#039;s third-largest economic system and one of the most developing countries, Japan committed responsibility to acquire the deal with climate change.Japan&#039;s path to challenging climate change is bold and ambitious. Under the eye of the UN Climate Change Convention, Japan has committed to decreasing GHG emissions by 26% from 2013 levels by 2030. The second milestone is to promote innovation of groundbreaking technology by 2050 that enables Japan to contribute to the reduction in accumulated Atmospheric CO2 globally by &quot;Beyond Zero.&quot; But to achieve this goal, drastic changes will be needed in business practices, products, GHG accounting, monitoring, evaluation, and reporting.The third and most ambitious milestone unveiled by Prime Minister Mr. Suga Yoshihide on October 26, 2020, calls for Japan to achieve zero GHG emissions by 2050. This bold pledge sets Japan on a course to become carbon neutral in 30 years. This bold pledge should help the country join the rest of the world in international efforts to become carbon neutral (meaning no more carbon dioxide is emitted than what is naturally absorbed).To be carbon neutral by 2050, Japan has to evaluate these imperatives. Utilize current technologies while methodically prioritizing the development and implementation of critical new technologies. Even with energy conservation, electrification, decarbonization of power sources, and hydrogen fuel systems, a future without fossil fuels may be unattainable. Negative emission technologies for capturing and storing carbon dioxide will be an essential component of Japan&#039;s strategy. To address the long-term uncertainty surrounding technology and methods for industry sectors where decarbonization is difficult, many policy solutions will need to be examined to develop environmentally-friendly sustainable growth for the carbon neutrality vision. Thus, GHG accounting that is not limited to Scopes 1-2 but Scope 3 also is critical. Scope 3 is a significant contribution to the organization&#039;s activities and is often not considered.Steel, chemicals, cement, pulp, and paper are the major industrial sectors. The approach to achieving this is based on three fundamental principles.Promote innovation and technology as change agents in addressing global warming concerns.Promote Green Finance to aid in developing new technologies and innovations.Encourage increased international cooperation for the commercialization of new green technology.Achieving Net-Zero by 2050, and with many businesses setting more ambitious goals, several organizations in Japan are increasingly making efforts to reduce their GHG emissions and evaluate and lower their Scope 3 emissions.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tCalculating Scopes 1-3 and Scope 3 emissions\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tWe calculate and report GHG emissions of Scope 3 on an 8-steps approach\t\t\t\t\n\t\tMeasuring &amp; Reporting Scope 3 emissions. The indirect emissions associated with your product&#039;s life cycle within your value chain are calculated per unit product.Mapping the company&#039;s value chain.Setting up boundaries (scop) for the evaluation.Defining sources of emissions per connection of the value chain.Define data sources: (1) Foreground &amp; (2) backgrounds data (emissions factors). Emissions databases are used. Primary and secondary data are collected.Quantification of all emission sources per category.Applying transparency.A full written report.Cloud visualization, reporting, sharing, etc., per organization (optional)\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOur approach to calculating Scope 3 emissions\u200b\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tIt was stated that direct emissions, or Scope 1 emissions, occur directly due to an organization&#039;s actions, such as fuel combustion or using the organization&#039;s vehicles. Indirect emissions result from the purchase of electricity, heat, or steam from an energy provider. Scope 3 assessments take indirect emissions from upstream and downstream value chains. All aspects of the organization&#039;s operation are covered, including purchased goods and raw materials, travel and employee commuting, and operational waste.Because of the products and services offered by the company, customer and supplier emissions are generated. Besides product and service emissions, residual emissions from a company&#039;s operations can include emissions from transport, office buildings, and employee travel. Purchasing goods and services, traveling for business, and investing are categories under which Scope 3 emissions can be managed for a company.Due to their broad nature and the fact that they vary widely between organizations, Carbon emissions in Scope 3 are the most complex of an organization&#039;s emissions. Scope 3 emissions are frequently challenging to identify and quantify., making them less likely to be included in GHG inventories. The Scope 3 calculations will be discussed within the key concerns and what DEISO can offer to your company in the following sections.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tA supplier example\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tWe offer a GHG reporting service at DEISO that can cover all of the Scopes. We calculate Scope 3 emissions (and Scopes 1-2) using up-to-date emission factor databases and the GHG standard protocol with the apocopate company&#039;s activities and production data. Experts perform the calculations, which are then visualized in the cloud-based on various subscription plans. A company may select the one that best suits its needs, goals, or emission reduction targets.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tDetermining the categories of focus\t\t\t\t\n\t\tThe first thing to note is that the process varies depending on the location and size of the company and the sector in which it operates. Each industry has its own business environment regarding its environmental impact and emissions. E.g., the financial industry differs from a manufacturer or a retailer. Even companies in the same industry can vary depending on the products they sell.Thus, establishing which of the 15 categories is substantial to an organization&#039;s activity is the first step in estimating Scope 3 emissions. For example, a grocery store may concentrate on the products and services it purchases. Domestic and international transportation activity may interest a significant financial firm.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tIdentification of which categories to focus on within Scope 3\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIdentification of which categories to focus on\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tOne of the essential considerations in determining which sectors should be priorities for the company is that the process varies depending on its location and size and whether or not it operates in a particular industry. Each sector has its own business environment that includes the environmental impact from emissions so that things can change depending on location.The most critical factor to clarify is that technology differs depending on the location and size of the employer and the industry in which it operates. Each zone has its own business context regarding its environmental impact and emissions.For example, a financial services company may differ from a manufacturing company or business. Even businesses within the same zone may vary, depending on the goods they provide.The first step in calculating a company&#039;s Scope 3 emissions is determining which of the 15 classes relate to its business. For example, a grocery retailer might account for additional costs associated with purchased items and offerings. Waste created in operations may be relevant for a significant supplier. The waste that might be identified as the essential trigger is those on which the company should concentrate its efforts.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tWork with a GHG data\t\t\t\t\n\t\tBusinesses can attempt to calculate their own Scope 3 emissions; however, as this process is typically more complex than calculating Scope 1 or 2, it is recommended that businesses work with GHG and environmental companies instead. Working with a consultant specializing in energy or environmental performance can make sense. In general, environmental impact assessment and GHG account comprise intensive details. It requires a significant amount of data about Scopes 1-3 for the impacts of climate change.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tThe Scope 3 categories\t\t\t\t\n\t\tScope 3 emissions can be broken down into two major categories of 15 subcategories:Upstream emissions \u2013 emissions from the production of the company&#039;s products, including the use of raw materials and energyDownstream emissions \u2013 emissions from the company&#039;s products and services, including the use of energy, water, and other resources\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUpstream and downstream\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tUpstreamPurchased goods and servicesCapital goodsFuel and energy-related activities not included in Scopes 1 - 2Upstream transportation and distributionWaste generated in operationsBusiness travelEmployee commutingUpstream leased assetsDownstreamDownstream transportation and distributionProcessing of sold productsUse of sold productsEnd-of-life treatment of sold productsDownstream leased assetsFranchisesInvestments(Source: The Greenhouse Gas Protocol)\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tConsidering the whole lifecycle with Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tOrganizations that provide products and services may want to conduct a full Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to increase the accuracy of their Scope 3 emissions analysis. It is worthwhile to perform an in-depth cradle-to-grave or cradle-to-cradle analysis. It is also a viable tool to calculate carbon emissions at the product level from material extraction to product use to disposal with the possibility of recycling. At DEISO, we are also fluent in LCA. We offer several individuals and specific LCA services (10+ services). For more information, please visit https:\/\/dei.so\/life-cycle-assessment-lca. We also provide an all-in-one LCA service to businesses and academic institutions, DEISO LCA One. For more information on DEISO LCA One, please visit https:\/\/dei.so\/deiso-lca-one.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tCollaborate with a data consultant on carbon reduction or GHG emissions.\t\t\t\t\n\t\tEven though an organization may try to calculate its own Scope 3 carbon emissions, it is often more complex than calculating Scope 1 or 2 emissions. Therefore, working with an energy and environmental performance consultant may be more appropriate.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tChallenges in managing and calculating Scope 3 emissions.\t\t\t\t\n\t\tOne of the most significant obstacles in controlling Scope 3 emissions is the availability and quality of an organization&#039;s data and the technical knowledge required to handle it. This is what we do at DEISO. Companies were rejected from the science-based targeting initiative because their submitted data was substandard. For some organizations, the measures taken by consumers also have a significant impact on Scope emissions 3. For example, a technology retailer which sells a smartphone to a customer is then responsible for the energy used to charge that laptop and the emissions resulting from its disposal at the end of its life.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tGathering and handling the required data\t\t\t\t\n\t\tA GHG emissions expert should set up the data and its information and accuracy while obtaining and processing the needed data. DEISO will use 1-year data to model emissions and determine our client&#039;s carbon footprint regarding their spending. Scope 3 emissions can be determined using both primary data unique to the activity within an enterprise&#039;s value chain and secondary data. The datasets must be precise for the company to meet its Net-Zero and technology-based aims. When an expert collaborates with a partner organization to compute it, experts will examine these facts and figures to model emissions and quantify their carbon footprint regarding the organization&#039;s activities.The partner GHG business company, such as DEISO, may also develop a document that models the commercial enterprise and its Scope 3 emissions against the fabric classifications. Using the science-based objectives technique, the company may utilize these results to determine its Net-Zero journey and set Scope 3 discount targets. One of the most critical and challenging scenarios when dealing with Scope three emissions is the availability and quality of a company&#039;s data and the technical expertise required to control them. DEISO manages our clients&#039; technical information to compute the GHG emissions. DEISO delivers a comprehensive analysis that models the company&#039;s Scope 3 emissions against the Scope 3 categories or the categories of focus of those 15 categories. There are two reports offered: The first is a brief overview of Scope 3 or Scopes 1-3 emissions, including the 15 categories of Scope 3. The second is a scientifically based detailed report that introduces the organization&#039;s activities, operations, projects, technical aspects, and data. Emission factors, data quality, calculation methodology, tools or software used to calculate GHG emissions, system boundaries, the scope of the evaluation, explanation of the evaluation and its results, reports, and recommendations for action plans.Using the science-based review, the company may utilize these findings to guide its Net-Zero approach and establish Scope 3 reduction objectives. Managing Scope 3 emissions is difficult. Using the science-based objectives technique, the corporation may utilize these data to guide its Net-Zero journey and set Scope 3 reduction targets. One of the most significant obstacles in controlling Scope 3 emissions is the availability and quality of an organization&#039;s data and the technical knowledge required to handle it. DEISO works with our clients&#039; technical data to calculate their GHG emissions, report them, and establish a reduction strategy.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tDesigning a realistic reduction strategy for GHG emissions\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tReduction strategy for GHG emissions\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tOnce an organization has determined its Scope 3 baseline, it may apply a few reduction approaches to its focused categories. Depending on the evaluation scope, those may be unique. For example, while procuring products and services, the employer may communicate with its suppliers and collaborate to see what they can do to contribute to its Scope 3 emissions. A firm&#039;s progress toward its goals should be monitored every year. DEISO assists our clients in meeting their objectives by computing and reporting their Scope 3, Scopes 1-2, or Scopes 1-3 GHG emissions.Hotspot analyses, parameter assessment, scenario analysis and development, process evaluation, reduction potentials, and in-depth analytical evaluation of our client&#039;s activities and projects. Several DEISO GHG Reporting plans incorporate such services. Find out more at https:\/\/dei.so\/topic\/greenhouse-gas-reporting-subscription-plans.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tReducing or mitigating carbon Scope 3 emissions\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tOnce again, this depends significantly on the business, its size, location, and the services it provides. When attempting to reduce or mitigate Scope 3 emissions, a company should create a class-specific reduction strategy. Purchased products and services, for example, may need the implementation of a provider engagement program to assist them in reducing their carbon footprint. ISO 20400, a widely accepted sustainable standard, can help with this. At DEISO, we partner with our customers and collaborate to develop a category-specific mitigation plan or a whole strategy.Different categories need distinct recognition. When looking for transportation, value chain, or supply chain. An organization should consider the global changes. Such changes are likely to interchange the GHG impacts and benefits because of global crises and pandemics, e.g., the Covid-19 pandemic and unanticipated international shifts.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tEngaging the value chain\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tInvolve the value chain\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tA value chain is a series of operations carried out by a company in a particular industry to provide valued goods (i.e., an item and service) to the end client. The value chain notion is based on the organizational process perspective, which views a manufacturing (or service) corporation as a system made of subsystems, each with inputs, transformation processes, and outputs.The value chain is a critical aspect of any business regarding Scope 3. It is essential to understand the inner workings of a company. Companies can identify ways to improve efficiency and create value for customers by understanding how the value chain works. It is the sequence of activities a business performs to deliver a product or service to its customers. The value chain begins with customer discovery, where a company identifies potential customers and tries to understand their needs. This is followed by product development, where the company creates a product or service that meets the needs of those customers. The company then executes a marketing plan to reach and sell to the target market. Finally, it creates and delivers the product or service and involves various activities such as employment activities, investment, purchases, etc.The value chain is essential because it can help a business identify where it can create the most value for its customers. For example, a company might find that it can make the most value for its customers by developing a new product rather than simply improving an existing product. The value chain can also help a business determine which activities are most important to its success and need to be improved or eliminated.The chain of value is also critical because it can help a business understand the flow of money through its business. For example, a business may discover that it makes much money on product sales but loses money on marketing efforts. This information can help the company better allocate its resources concerning GHG emissions.There are many components to the chain of value, and each one is important for a business to understand. By understanding and optimizing each step in the chain, a company can create more value for its customers and improve its bottom line.One challenge for many companies is doubling down on their efforts for efficiency. One of the most efficient ways to do this is by stimulating the value chain. A few examples of good practices encompassReducing inventory.Reducing the use of physical resources.Reducing the number of suppliers.Analyzing delivery systems and improving the speed of delivery.The domino effect is a great way to improve the efficiency of the value chain.Digitalization of the services. E.g., developing software as a Service (SaaS) or Product-as-a-Service (PaaS). At DEISO, we also help with these strategies through our circular economy services. Find out more at https:\/\/dei.so\/topic\/circular_economy.Speaking your targets.As soon as you are dedicated to your GHG plans and targets, incentivize your value chain to serve your efforts.Engaging the delivery chain with dealer forums \u2013 businesses are taking advantage of virtual occasions&#039; convenience to interact with suppliers.You aid your cost chain in goal placing understanding and revel in. Despite the blessings of Scope 3 reporting, locating the proper solution can include challenges. However, the first step is to carry out a quick screening of your company&#039;s activities and determine the Scope 3 categories to focus on.Gathering data from external businesses may be challenging and time-ingesting. Defining a clean strategy is how DEISO simplifies the processes and saves time.To correctly acquire qualitative Scope three records without burdening stakeholders, businesses should work with technical procedures specific to accumulating, measuring, and handling such data. Companies ought to adopt approaches and equipment that pragmatically force carbon ahead of overall performance reporting to use vast quantities of record points.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tReduction and mitigation action\t\t\t\t\n\t\tAn agency must make sure it has decreased its emissions, consisting of Scope 3 lot as it may earlier than it considers carbon offsetting. This is crucial if the enterprise has set a technology-based target that does not guide offsets. The complexity is that the statistics are frequently drawn from many resources. It becomes a systems integration assignment to convey it collectively. There are numerous standard approaches or customized ones accessible that assist with this.Another considerable barrier is how a corporation&#039;s success in decreasing Scope 3 emissions depends on its providers and partners, which may not be as ambitious in their carbon-slicing endeavors. For example, an organization may also have set a Net-Zero target of 2030. Still, one of its enormous suppliers might have developed a much less bold pathway for 2050. For some corporations, consumers&#039; movements affect Scope 3 emissions. For example, a technology retailer which sells a PC to a customer is then chargeable for the power used to rate that pc and the emissions attributable to its disposure at the quilt of its lifestyle. Both elements are complex for an organization to manipulate, and this is in which collaboration and engagement are essential. Many agencies are put off going public with their intentions because they could then be held to account for things they understand as past their management and criticized if they fail. We can assist you in addressing your greenhouse gas reduction or mitigation plans, issues, and goals. You can reach us at https:\/\/dei.so\/contact to discuss your requirements.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tReduction and mitigation benefits \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\u2013\u00a0Environmental benefits: Global warming is as soon once more at the forefront of urgent dialogs. However, it has spread past environmental activists and into the sector. Producers, oil and gasoline suppliers, steel, chemicals, cement industries, and even commercial aircraft speak out about the risks to their businesses if the world fails to take the correct steps to combat international warming. However, while companies can at the moment reap the benefits of advancing their green credentials, they cannot afford to do this without making sure that they are enhancing their environmental credentials in the long-term.The green technology sector embraces the notion that the best way to succeed is to discover sustainable and renewable ways to do business. As consumers demand companies concerned about the environmental impacts of their business, it is becoming increasingly crucial for companies to offer solutions that will allow them to follow the growing trend. To establish an environmentally sound industry and achieve these, the process begins with GHG accounting and then developing realistic action plans.\u2013 Reputational benefits:  There may be additionally a reputational advantage. A corporation with a bold target, which it discloses publicly, will probably appeal to extra sustainability-aware clients to shop for its products or services. Arguably, assume an enterprise does now not flow towards more sustainable enterprise strategies. Consumers will turn away from the products and offerings it presents because they are considered environmentally distasteful.Organizations are under extra pressure from buyers, customers, and regulators to be transparent with sustainability and environmental and social governance (ESG) facts. Collecting and reporting Scope three records brings challenges. However, it also brings significant opportunities to affect actual trade and leave an enduring legacy.Benefits for funding and investment: In the economic zone, ESG finances are often seen to perform higher as divestment away from fossil fuels keeps pace. People increasingly consider sustainability in phrases of exposure and what it means for their investment. Corporations increasingly seek to degree and report the &#039;cost&#039; in their carbon emissions and traditional income metrics.Benefits for compliance:  Getting beforehand on compliance and any other advantage in dealing with Scope 3 emissions puts a business enterprise in advance by applying for certifications and assembly standards. Many requirements and certification schemes have viewed disclosure on Scope three emissions as a &quot;first-class to have.&quot; But many now harden that requirement and stipulate how its miles met.\u00a0Benefits of attracting talent: The same is going for employees. Again, by addressing Scopes 1-3 emissions, an enterprise will likely attract high-quality expertise. Humans, specifically those under 30, increasingly want to paintings for sustainable and responsible organizations.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tWhat are the future influences for Scope 3 emissions?\t\t\t\t\n\t\tConsumers are learning about sustainability problems and are stressed sustainable merchandise that is anecdotally promoting 3-four times extra than conventional products. Clients assume the brands they buy from to have prominent sustainability practices. And this is having a knock-on effect on governance, with many standards and certifications now consisting of Scope 3 emissions reporting as a requirement rather than a &quot;first-class to have,&quot; specially to achieve Net-Zero plans by 2050 as in the case of Japan.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tCarbon offsetting\t\t\t\t\n\t\tCarbon offsetting is one way an enterprise may additionally wish to help reach its reduction targets. At DEISO, we assist our clients with how offsetting should remember closer to decarbonization desires. It is far extensively seemed that to be influential. A few companies can also choose carbon offsetting as a substitute, which entails investment in emissions reduction within a business enterprise&#039;s supply chain. At DEISO, we provide services for carbon offsetting except for our GHG accounting services. You may locate greater at https:\/\/dei.so\/topic\/carbon-offsetting.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tAn Industrial viewpoint\t\t\t\t\n\t\tGrounding industrial organizations are paying greater interest to Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions like chemicals, steel, cement, metals, and materials industries, as well construction and manufacturing industries by putting an ambitious, measurable target that demonstrates how your organization addresses the primary sources of value chain GHG emissions. But, knowing you need to be doing something and handing over it are exceptional. While starting on or comparing your Scope 3 emissions reporting, here are things to remember. DEISO can desire your enterprise with a collective &quot;work together&quot; approach centered on your agency&#039;s goals.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tWhat are the value and benefits of DEISO GHG Reporting?\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\tDEISO&#039;s GHG, LCA, and sustainability experts are your one way to compute your Scope 1-3 GHG emissions. The online platform offers data visualization, sharing, and export. We provide cloud-based services to ensure all users have access no matter where they are.The GHG platform is a cloud-based hosting portal where every company has its GHG profile. The GHG platform offers a comprehensive set of services to help companies reduce their carbon footprint. The cloud-based hosting portal is hassle-free and accessible from anywhere at any time with an internet connection. It provides company profiles that allow users to visualize and search within the inventory online, which can be filtered by table or filter criteria setting, allowing you to see what data has been reported back so far without going through old reports yourself! Plus, there here is always access to documentation-and, even downloadable versions. Find more at https:\/\/dei.so\/topic\/greenhouse-gas-reporting-subscription-plans.The benefits of the cloud platform are numerous. You can have an entire image in a visualized dashboard, share your project with team members and stakeholders for easy collaboration on GHG calculations submission online; access data from desktop tablets and smartphones using cross-platform compatible environments which allow you to compare different sources (GHGs) across projects or departments - all this while submitting production activities securely through a secure platform.There are nine GHG reporting plans to choose from. Is there no need for a cloud platform? No worries. There are also traditional plans available with no cloud hosting\/platform. Find more at https:\/\/dei.so\/topic\/greenhouse-gas-reporting-subscription-plans.At DEISO, we paintings to your company to Compute its GHG emissions (Scope 1-3).We offer our clients a complete and apparent written report.We provided visualized and sharable outcomes in the cloud.We assist our clients in identifying the current or pressing 15 categories of Scope.We conduct an entire evaluation to pick out the hotspots and increase alternative activities and method productions or business plans from technical perspectives.We help our customers professionally document their GHG offline with nicely-prepared reports or online thru our GHG cloud services.We assist your company in expanding a roadmap for GHG reduction.We help your corporation to achieve its reduction potential and goals.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tHow much does it cost: What are the market prices?\t\t\t\t\n\t\tThe prices rely upon the complexity of the organization&#039;s activities, projects, scopes to be calculated (Scopes 1-3, or 1-2, or Scope 3 only), the project&#039;s content, data, and others. Scope 3 computing market price cost roughly will price among 2 million Japanese yen to 5 million Japanese yen, depending on the organization and the complexity of its activities. In the GHG services market, 1 to 3 months are needed to compute the emissions. Reduction schemes and investments will add more significance to this initial price and timescale. However, from a pricing viewpoint, at DEISO, we offer services that are lower than these prices and ensure high-quality standards, consisting of other scopes, Scopes 1-3. But again, the costs depend upon several elements associated with the organization, its activity, and the dimensions and complexity of its projects and activities. At DEISO, we offer various subscription plans. The emissions are computed and visualized in the cloud or submitted traditionally via printed reports or digitally by email, which would be a cheaper option. There are 9 GHG Reporting plans for Scopes 1-3. Also, we offer custom-designed plans. The charge of every plan is quotation-based. After discussions with our client organization activities and needs, we provide quotations through email or through a remote or face-to-face meeting. Discover more at https:\/\/dei.so\/topic\/greenhouse-gas-reporting-subscription-plans. Or reach us at https:\/\/dei.so\/contact to schedule an appointment.At DEISO, we provide deeper analysis along with hotspot analysis, uncertainty analysis while emission factors estimation whenever they are lacking, sensitivity analysis to measure how the emissions are sensitive against a particular process, activity, or parameter, and scenario improvement, in which we design various scenarios seeking for potentials for emissions reductions from Scope 3 or other scopes most straightforward or Scopes 1-3.\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tDiscover more\t\t\t\t\n\t\tVisit https:\/\/dei.so\/topic\/greenhouse-gas-reporting-subscription-plans to learn more about DEISO GHG Reporting services. If you have any questions or would like to schedule a meeting, please email us at info@deiso.co.jp.\" data-s=\"Scope 3 GHG Emissions \u2013 All You Need to Know &amp; What We Offer?\" data-d=\"1654964456\" data-m=\"1790719316\" data-cat=\"429\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/scope-3-ghg-emissions-all-you-need-to-know\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_ghg_page_bk2-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_ghg_page_bk2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_ghg_page_bk2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_ghg_page_bk2-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_ghg_page_bk2-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_ghg_page_bk2-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DEISO_ghg_page_bk2.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Blog Posts<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Blog Posts<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">12 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 26 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/scope-3-ghg-emissions-all-you-need-to-know\">Scope 3 GHG Emissions \u2013 All You Need to Know &amp; What We Offer?<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">What Are Scope 3 Emissions, and How Can DEISO Assist Your Orgnization With Carbon Emissions of Scope 3? Scope 3 carbon emissions Scope 3 emissions are indirect carbon\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/scope-3-ghg-emissions-all-you-need-to-know\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Scope 3 GHG Emissions \u2013 All You Need to Know &amp; What We Offer?\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"A vacancy for a database engineer is open Jobs News Careers\n        Job description\n        \n          The database engineer of this position is responsible for creating, implementing, updating, and working with database schema, importing, exporting, and integrating existing databases in desktop-based software and cloud applications. The database engineer also implements optimized, secured, and cohesive database design and then uses data replication schemes to create consistency across distributed database sets.\n        \n        \n          The database engineer will extensively involve a team of researchers, programmers, and designers to develop environmental desktop software and cloud-based applications that serve a wide range of industries as a product. The database engineer is expected to contribute to the product\u2019s development fully.\n        \n        Day-to-day and week-to-week tasks\n        \n          Collecting and prioritizing requirements for data management software (in desktop and cloud environments). This includes conceptualizing, gathering, and prioritizing product requirements involving overlapping disciplines, including business mapping, business processes, and external partners. Develops specifications for data warehousing systems web services, performs capacity planning analysis, gathering cost information from vendors of equipment\/services \u2014 demonstrated extensive expertise in MS SQL Server administration technologies such as writing SQL queries.\n          Developing database selection criteria based on business requirements, personally responsible for database design and implementation work that adheres to internal coding standards and practices, personally selecting the appropriate structures from implemented prospective systems to meet application requirements.\n          Execute ongoing monitoring and tuning of database performance as assigned.\n          Create periodic reports describing performance metrics as needed.\n          Assist technical staff with database design.\n        \n        Responsibilities\n        \n          Design, create and implement extensive databases in desktop or cloud-based environment.\n          Integrate existing databases on desktop or cloud-based environment.\n          Design database schema, including tables that may be replicated from one set of cubicles to another set of cubicles.\n          Data modeling with an emphasis on security and database size.\n          Optimizing database designs for improved performance and driven by capacity planning considerations.\n          Database administration focuses on security, best practices, and disaster recovery planning.\n        \n        Requirements\n        \n          Work experience of 2\u20135 years in database development.\n          Bachelor\u2019s degree in IT engineering or computer science.\n          Ability to demonstrate and present a database project implemented in the applicant\u2019s career.\n          An existing online coding platform for the applicant coding work such as GitHub.\n          Work experience using concepts of relational databases.\n          Experience with at least 2 of the following: languages like PHP, Python, SQL.\n          Experience with Google Cloud and Amazon architectures.\n          Have an environmental or sustainability background or ability to learn environmental-related concepts such as GHG accounting, carbon footprinting, supply chain, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), material flow analysis, waste management, etc.\n        \n        Key skills\n        \n          Data modeling.\n          Data architecture.\n          Database design.\n          Integrating existing databases of third-party vendors of various file formats in desktop and cloud-based environments.\n          Database queries.\n          Database optimization and tweaks.\n          Database encryption.\n          Agile.\n          Troubleshooting &amp; problem-solving skills.\n          Familiarity with .Net and Java. An ability to work and collaborate effectively with .Net and Java programmers.\n          Familiarity with online dashboards.\n          Reporting, documentation, and backup skills.\n          Knowledge of C\/C++ is an added value.\n        \n        How to apply\n          Deadline\n          Until the position is filled.\n        \n          Please submit your complete resume to jobs@dei.so with a cover letter demonstrating:\n        \n        \n          Your experiences in the database field.\n          Your skills related to database engineering.\n          Projects and achievements related to the position.\n        \n          Please note\n          Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted for an interview.\n        About DEISO\n        \n          DEISO (Integrated Environmental Sustainability Oriented Research and Development) is a sustainability company based in Japan. It provides profit and impact to businesses and industries and values to the planet, academic institutions, and people. DEISO provides professional services to meet the needs for sustainability goals, efficiency, energy demand, and profitability with R&amp;D, sustainability-focused services, EHS, solutions of CO\u2082 reduction, LCA, KPIs, SDGs, sound material-cycle society, low carbon economy, research software, cloud-based sustainability solutions, and sustainability support for emerging countries. We aim to improve the industry\u2019s environmental performance, governance, society, and education with an integrated concept, data-driven assessment, and science-based consulting solutions and services.\" data-s=\"A vacancy for a database engineer is open\" data-d=\"1648787546\" data-m=\"1786539939\" data-cat=\"5,7\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-database-enginner-id-dsjob1528\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/we_are_hiring_database_engineer-768x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/we_are_hiring_database_engineer-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/we_are_hiring_database_engineer-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/we_are_hiring_database_engineer.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/we_are_hiring_database_engineer-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Jobs<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Jobs<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">1 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-database-enginner-id-dsjob1528\">A vacancy for a database engineer is open<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Careers Job description The database engineer of this position is responsible for creating, implementing, updating, and working with database schema, importing, exporting, and integrating existing databases in desktop-based\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-database-enginner-id-dsjob1528\" aria-label=\"Read the article: A vacancy for a database engineer is open\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Introducing DEISO\u2019s Partnership &amp; Business Collaboration Program News News\n        Introducing DEISO\u2019s Partnership &amp; Business Collaboration Program\n        \n          We are pleased to introduce the Channel Partner Program of DEISO. At DEISO, we are open to partnerships with other companies as channel partners in various forms of collaboration and cooperation. While you are invited to join us to discuss a potential partnership with your business, we highlight the potential of a business partnership on the program\u2019s page. At DEISO, we can operate as a Japan-based third party in the following ways in several forms.\n        \n        Learn more\n          Program page\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/partnership\" data-s=\"Introducing DEISO\u2019s Partnership &amp; Business Collaboration Program\" data-d=\"1645276004\" data-m=\"1786543790\" data-cat=\"7\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deisos-partnership-business-collaboration-program\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Partnership-min-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Partnership-min-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Partnership-min-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Partnership-min-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Partnership-min-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Partnership-min.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">19 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 1 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deisos-partnership-business-collaboration-program\">Introducing DEISO\u2019s Partnership &amp; Business Collaboration Program<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Introducing DEISO\u2019s Partnership &amp; Business Collaboration Program We are pleased to introduce the Channel Partner Program of DEISO. At DEISO, we are open to partnerships with other\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-deisos-partnership-business-collaboration-program\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Introducing DEISO\u2019s Partnership &amp; Business Collaboration Program\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Advanced LCA Capacity Building: Introducing the Next-Level Training Program and Courses News Training News\n        Advanced LCA capacity building: introducing the next-level training program and courses\n        \n          DEISO is pleased to introduce the next level in its Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training programs and courses \u2014 the Advanced LCA Training Program, built to extend foundational knowledge into deeper analytical, modeling, and implementation capability.\n        \n        \n          This advanced program represents a structured progression from DEISO\u2019s core LCA training programs and courses, supporting professionals and organizations in moving from basic understanding toward applied life cycle modeling, impact interpretation, and sustainability decision-making within real-world industrial contexts.\n        \n        From fundamentals to advanced implementation\n        \n          The Advanced LCA Training Program and Courses are built for participants who already understand LCA fundamentals and are ready to engage with more complex systems, datasets, and analytical workflows.\n        \n        The program focuses on building practical implementation capability, letting participants:\n        \n          Develop and refine advanced LCA models for complex product systems\n          Structure and manage high-quality Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data\n          Apply Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) methods with greater confidence\n          Interpret results for strategic, operational, and reporting purposes\n          Support Product Carbon Footprint (PCF), EPD development, and sustainability disclosures\n        \n        Advanced technical scope\n        The program expands beyond foundational concepts and introduces participants to more advanced technical areas, including:\n        \n          System boundary definition for complex and multi-stage product systems\n          Allocation methods and sensitivity analysis\n          Data quality assessment and uncertainty considerations\n          Introduction to professional LCA tools such as openLCA, SimaPro, and GaBi\n          Working with leading databases such as ecoinvent and regional datasets\n          Linking LCA outputs to carbon footprinting, EPDs, and ESG reporting frameworks\n        \n        Built for real-world application\n        \n          DEISO training programs and courses are built with a strong focus on real-world application. Participants work through structured examples and workflows that reflect how LCA is applied in consulting, industry, and sustainability reporting environments.\n        \n        This means participants can move beyond theory and begin contributing to:\n        \n          Internal LCA and environmental assessment projects\n          Corporate sustainability and carbon management strategies\n          Product-level environmental performance analysis\n          Decision-making processes supported by life cycle data\n        \n        Part of a structured LCA capacity building pathway\n        The Advanced LCA Training Program and Courses are part of DEISO\u2019s broader LCA capacity building pathway, which includes:\n        \n          Basic Training Program \u2014 foundational understanding\n          Professional Training Program \u2014 applied capability\n          Advanced Training Program \u2014 complex modeling and analysis\n          Expert and Expert+ Programs \u2014 high-level execution and specialization\n        \n        \n          This structured pathway lets organizations progressively build internal capability aligned with sustainability execution, review readiness, and operational integration.\n        \n        Who this program is built for\n        \n          Engineers and technical professionals advancing into sustainability roles\n          LCA practitioners seeking deeper analytical capability\n          Corporate sustainability and ESG teams\n          Consultants and environmental analysts\n          Researchers and advanced postgraduate students\n        \n        Capacity building for sustainability execution\n        \n          As part of DEISO\u2019s broader capacity building approach, this program is built to strengthen the internal environments in which sustainability work is implemented.\n        \n        Participants develop the capability to contribute to:\n        \n          Structured sustainability execution and environmental analysis\n          Carbon footprinting and life cycle-based reporting\n          Technical review and interpretation of LCA results\n          Long-term integration of life cycle thinking into business operations\n        \n          This keeps training programs and courses tied to real implementation capability, not just theoretical knowledge.\n        Explore the advanced program\n          Program page\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/advanced-special-life-cycle-assessment-training-programs\/\n          Compare the Advanced Program with the Basic Training Program to understand the capability progression pathway.\n          Inquiries and quotations\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/contact\/\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/quote-request\/\n        \n          DEISO produces a comprehensive portfolio of training programs and courses across Life Cycle Assessment, GHG accounting, ESG strategy, EPD development, AI-supported sustainability, and environmental systems.\n        \n          All programs\n          https:\/\/dei.so\/deiso-training\" data-s=\"Advanced LCA Capacity Building: Introducing the Next-Level Training Program and Courses\" data-d=\"1645065678\" data-m=\"1786537155\" data-cat=\"7,24\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/announcing-the-next-level-lca-training-the-advanced-lca-training-program\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LCA_advanced_Training_Program-min-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LCA_advanced_Training_Program-min-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LCA_advanced_Training_Program-min-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LCA_advanced_Training_Program-min-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LCA_advanced_Training_Program-min-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LCA_advanced_Training_Program-min.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">17 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/announcing-the-next-level-lca-training-the-advanced-lca-training-program\">Advanced LCA Capacity Building: Introducing the Next-Level Training Program and Courses<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Advanced LCA capacity building: introducing the next-level training program and courses DEISO is pleased to introduce the next level in its Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) training programs\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/announcing-the-next-level-lca-training-the-advanced-lca-training-program\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Advanced LCA Capacity Building: Introducing the Next-Level Training Program and Courses\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Capacity Building: Introducing the Basic Training Program and Courses News Training News\n        Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) capacity building: introducing the Basic Training Program and Courses\n        \n          DEISO is pleased to introduce the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Basic Training Program and Courses, built to support organizations and professionals in building foundational capability in LCA methodology and life cycle-based environmental analysis.\n        \n        \n          This training program and courses provide a structured and practical entry point into Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), equipping participants with the knowledge required to understand, apply, and interpret life cycle-based environmental data within real-world sustainability and industrial contexts.\n        \n        \n          As part of DEISO\u2019s broader capacity building approach, the program is built not only to introduce core concepts, but also to support participants in developing the implementation capability required to contribute to sustainability execution, reporting, and environmental decision-making processes.\n        \n        What this training program and courses cover\n        \n          The LCA Basic Training Program and Courses are structured to provide a comprehensive introduction to life cycle thinking and environmental impact assessment, including:\n        \n        \n          Fundamental principles of Life Cycle Assessment (ISO 14040\/14044 framework)\n          Goal and scope definition for LCA studies\n          Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data collection and structuring\n          Introduction to Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA)\n          Interpretation of LCA results for decision-making\n          Overview of tools, databases, and modeling approaches used in LCA\n        \n        Built for practical application\n        \n          Unlike purely academic training, DEISO training programs and courses are built with a strong focus on real-world application. Participants are guided through practical examples and structured workflows that reflect how LCA is applied in industry, consulting, and sustainability reporting environments.\n        \n        \n          This approach lets participants move beyond theoretical understanding and begin developing the capability to:\n        \n        \n          support internal LCA studies and environmental assessments\n          interpret life cycle-based sustainability data\n          contribute to carbon footprinting and environmental reporting\n          collaborate effectively with internal and external sustainability teams\n        \n        Who this program is for\n        \n          The LCA Basic Training Program and Courses are suitable for:\n        \n        \n          engineers and technical professionals entering sustainability roles\n          corporate sustainability and ESG teams\n          consultants and analysts seeking LCA fundamentals\n          government and institutional stakeholders\n          postgraduate students and researchers\n        \n        Part of a structured capacity building pathway\n        \n          This program represents the foundational level within DEISO\u2019s broader LCA training ecosystem, which includes Professional, Expert, and Expert+ training programs and courses.\n        \n        \n          Organizations can use this program as a starting point for building internal capability that can later be expanded into advanced modeling, carbon footprinting, Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs), and sustainability system implementation.\n        \n        \n          Through this structured approach, DEISO supports organizations in developing long-term internal capability aligned with sustainability execution and operational integration.\n        \n        Explore the program\n            Program page\n            Learn more about the LCA Basic Training Program and Courses here:\n            https:\/\/dei.so\/life-cycle-assessment-lca-basic-training-program\n            Full portfolio\n            Explore DEISO\u2019s full training programs and courses portfolio:\n            https:\/\/dei.so\/deiso-training\n            Inquiries\n            For inquiries or to request a quotation, please contact us:\n            https:\/\/dei.so\/contact\" data-s=\"Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Capacity Building: Introducing the Basic Training Program and Courses\" data-d=\"1643350923\" data-m=\"1786537991\" data-cat=\"7,24\" data-year=\"2022\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-life-cycle-assessment-lca-basic-training-program\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/LCA_Basic_Training_Program-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/LCA_Basic_Training_Program-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/LCA_Basic_Training_Program-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/LCA_Basic_Training_Program-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/LCA_Basic_Training_Program-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/LCA_Basic_Training_Program.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">News<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">News<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">28 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2022<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-life-cycle-assessment-lca-basic-training-program\">Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Capacity Building: Introducing the Basic Training Program and Courses<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">News Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) capacity building: introducing the Basic Training Program and Courses DEISO is pleased to introduce the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Basic Training Program and\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/introducing-the-life-cycle-assessment-lca-basic-training-program\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Capacity Building: Introducing the Basic Training Program and Courses\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"We are hiring a Software Engineer Jobs News Careers\n        \n          DEISO is hiring a Software Engineer to join our team for software development. The successful candidate will develop environmental sustainability software in collaboration with a Database Engineer and Senior Researchers.\n        \n        Required skills and requirements\n        \n          Full fluency in .Net.\n          Full fluency in Java.\n          Strong skills in Agile.\n          Strong skills in MySQL.\n          Strong background in C#.\n          Solid mathematical skills.\n          Data modeling.\n          Ability to build and implement desktop dashboards.\n          Analytics skills.\n          Problem-solving skills.\n          Can-do attitude.\n          Rich experience in developing desktop software with .NET and Java.\n          Ability to learn environmental engineering and environmental sustainability concepts and methods, including Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).\n          Strong reporting and documentation skills.\n          Strong debugging skills.\n          Ability to work within a timeline and deadlines for each milestone of the development stages.\n          5 years experience in Windows software development.\n          Bachelor\u2019s degree in computer engineering, computer science, or IT engineering.\n          English fluency. Japanese language skills are a plus.\n          Have been working previously in an environmental-related firm is a plus.\n        \n        How to apply\n          Deadline\n          Until the position is filled.\n        \n          Qualified applicants can submit their resumes with a cover letter to jobs@dei.so. If you have any inquiries, please feel free to email us at jobs@dei.so.\n        \n          Please note\n          Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted.\n        About DEISO\n        \n          DEISO (Integrated Environmental Sustainability Oriented Research and Development) is a sustainability company based in Japan. It provides profit and impact to businesses and industries and values to the planet, academic institutions, and people. DEISO provides professional services to meet the needs for sustainability goals, efficiency, energy demand, and profitability with R&amp;D, sustainability-focused services, EHS, solutions of CO\u2082 reduction, LCA, KPIs, SDGs, sound material-cycle society, low carbon economy, research software, cloud-based sustainability solutions, and sustainability support for emerging countries. We aim to improve the industry\u2019s environmental performance, governance, society, and education with an integrated concept, data-driven assessment, and science-based consulting solutions and services.\" data-s=\"We are hiring a Software Engineer\" data-d=\"1639671048\" data-m=\"1786540189\" data-cat=\"5,7\" data-year=\"2021\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-software-engineer-id-dsjob2519\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/a7c64787-b7db-4b26-8040-c35fa9afba15-768x768.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/a7c64787-b7db-4b26-8040-c35fa9afba15-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/a7c64787-b7db-4b26-8040-c35fa9afba15-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/a7c64787-b7db-4b26-8040-c35fa9afba15-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/a7c64787-b7db-4b26-8040-c35fa9afba15-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/a7c64787-b7db-4b26-8040-c35fa9afba15.png 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Jobs<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Jobs<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">17 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2021<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 2 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-software-engineer-id-dsjob2519\">We are hiring a Software Engineer<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Careers DEISO is hiring a Software Engineer to join our team for software development. The successful candidate will develop environmental sustainability software in collaboration with a Database Engineer\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-software-engineer-id-dsjob2519\" aria-label=\"Read the article: We are hiring a Software Engineer\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"post-card\" data-k=\"Job: Administrative Assistant Jobs News Careers\n          \n            A position of an Administrative Assistant is open at DEISO LLC to support the administration work and management of the company. This position requires full Japanese proficiency and a business level of English communication.\n          \n        Basic information\n          Position details\n          Job titleAdministrative Assistant\n          Work placeSendai, Japan, DEISO LLC\n          AddressCity House Ichibancho Chuo, 2F Office No. 4Ichibancho 2-6-1, Aoba WardSendai, Miyagi980-0811, Japan\n          Language skillsJapanese and English\n          Type of workPart-time with the possibility of a full-time contract depending on the applicant\u2019s performance\n          Employment probation period3 months\n          DeadlineUntil the position is filled\n          Job IDDSJOB2210\n        Job tasks\n        \n          Provide administrative support for the smooth running of the company by performing day-to-day tasks.\n          Answering telephone calls, emails, arranging meetings, and supporting clients and visitors.\n          Perform administration tasks such as filing, typing, copying, binding, scanning, etc.\n          Filling out and submitting applications in Japanese.\n          Collate and distribute mail among the team.\n          Prepare communications of memoranda, emails, bills, invoices, receipts, quotations, etc.\n          Manage and maintain digital and physical filing systems.\n          Manage accounts and perform bookkeeping.\n          Meet business needs by planning and allocating business requests to strengthen work outcomes by communicating with clients on the phone, in emails, and in meetings.\n          Arrange for team members\u2019 travel, such as booking flights and hotels.\n          Support the team by performing organizational and communication-related tasks.\n          Provide information as a response to requested inquiries by the supervisor. May make recommendations to supervisor.\n          Contribute to the team\u2019s efforts by achieving the necessary outcomes.\n          Maintain supplies by checking inventory to determine inventory levels, schedule supplies, place and expedite supply orders.\n          Arrange meetings, teleconferences, and webinars.\n          Support and collaborate with other Administrative Assistants as needed.\n        \n        Language requirement\n        \n          Full Japanese language proficiency of verbal and written communication, and a business level of English communication.\n        \n        Qualifications\n        \n          Full familiarity with Japanese business culture.\n          Excellent communication and management skills.\n          Demonstrate courtesy and professionalism by communicating by telephone and email.\n          Are a professional and confident communicator with clients.\n          Are a proficient and confident computer user.\n          Ability to work well independently, but function within a team environment.\n          Reporting skills.\n          Proficiency in administrative writing.\n          Proficient with Microsoft Office: MS-Word, MS-Excel, MS-PowerPoint, MS-Outlook, and MS-OneNote.\n          Advanced ability of task management.\n          Advanced ability in time management.\n          Advanced ability to organize.\n          Analyzing and summarizing information.\n          Have strong multitasking skills.\n          Professionalism.\n          Understanding of taxation and basic accounting.\n          Supply management.\n          Inventory management.\n          Knowledge of digital communication platforms &amp; remote working tools.\n        \n        Education and experience required\n        \n          A Bachelor\u2019s degree is required.\n          At least three years\u2019 experience in corporate administration work.\n          Knowledge of the environment, environmental issues, the concept of sustainability and sustainable development is a plus.\n        \n        Application\n          How to apply\n          \n            Please send your complete curriculum vitae, including your email address and telephone number to jobs@dei.so with a cover letter in English. Please indicate the position title or job ID number on the subject line of the email. If you have any inquiries, please feel free to reach us at jobs@dei.so.\n          \n          Please note\n          Only the shortlisted applicants will be contacted for interviews.\n        About DEISO\n        \n          DEISO (Integrated Environmental Sustainability Oriented Research and Development) is a sustainability company based in Sendai, Japan, that provides profit and impact to businesses and industries and values to the planet, academic institutions, and people. We provide professional services to meet the needs for sustainability goals, efficiency, energy demand, and profitability with R&amp;D, sustainability-focused services, solutions of CO\u2082 reduction, research software, cloud-based sustainability solutions, and sustainability support for emerging countries.\" data-s=\"Job: Administrative Assistant\" data-d=\"1634730762\" data-m=\"1786540093\" data-cat=\"5,7\" data-year=\"2021\" hidden><a class=\"pc-thumb\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-administrative-assistant-id-dsjob2210\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/hiring-min-768x432.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/hiring-min-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/hiring-min-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/hiring-min-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/hiring-min-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/hiring-min-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/dei.so\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/hiring-min.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><span class=\"pc-over\"><span class=\"pc-cat solid\">Jobs<\/span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"pc-main\"><div class=\"pc-meta\"><span class=\"pc-cat\">Jobs<\/span><span class=\"pc-date\">20 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2021<\/span><span class=\"pc-rt\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"pc-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-administrative-assistant-id-dsjob2210\">Job: Administrative Assistant<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pc-excerpt\">Careers A position of an Administrative Assistant is open at DEISO LLC to support the administration work and management of the company. This position requires full Japanese proficiency\u2026<\/p><div class=\"pc-foot\"><a class=\"pc-read\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/job-administrative-assistant-id-dsjob2210\" aria-label=\"Read the article: Job: Administrative Assistant\">Read the article &larr;<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/article><\/div><div class=\"bg-empty\" hidden><h3>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f articles \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647<\/h3><p>\u0623\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p><div class=\"bg-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"btn secondary bg-clear-filters\"><span>\u0627\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/button><a class=\"btn primary\" href=\"https:\/\/dei.so\/contact-form\"><span>\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0639\u0631 &larr;<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><nav class=\"bg-paging\" aria-label=\"\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\"><span class=\"bg-paging-note\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 12 \u0645\u0646 126 articles<\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"btn secondary bg-load\"><span>\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0636 12 articles \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/button><\/nav><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><div class=\"deiso-bg-drawer\" id=\"bg1-drawer\" role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"true\" aria-labelledby=\"bg1-dt\"><div class=\"bg-scrim\"><\/div><div class=\"bg-sheet\"><span class=\"card-strap\"><\/span><div class=\"bg-sheet-head\"><h2 id=\"bg1-dt\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h2><button type=\"button\" class=\"bg-close\" aria-label=\"\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M6 6l12 12M18 6L6 18\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"bg-sheet-body\"><span class=\"bg-flabel\">Category<\/span><ul class=\"bg-terms\" data-group=\"cat\"><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"bg-sheet-foot\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"btn secondary bg-dclear\"><span>\u0627\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"btn primary bg-dshow\"><span>\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0636 126 articles<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":132,"featured_media":244164,"parent":0,"menu_order":60,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_deiso_aiv_faq":[{"q":"What can I find on DEISO\u2019s Insights page?","a":"DEISO\u2019s Insights page lists articles about sustainability, LCA, GHG emissions, PCF, EPD, ESG, AI, training, software, and related technical topics. The page includes blog posts, news, announcements, jobs, technology, training, updates, research, and press releases."},{"q":"How many articles are listed on the DEISO Insights page?","a":"The DEISO Insights page lists 121 articles. Articles can be filtered by category and sorted by newest first, oldest first, or alphabetically."},{"q":"What types of sustainability research are featured in the Insights section?","a":"The Insights section features research on topics including open dumping and open burning of waste and the carbon footprint of sodium hydroxide production. These articles use life cycle assessment approaches."},{"q":"What recent DEISO product updates are listed in Insights?","a":"Recent product updates include DEISO Mirai AI Pro and DEISO LCC Pro. The listed updates describe enterprise AI guidance, sustainability execution support, life cycle costing, total cost of ownership, and procurement evaluation."},{"q":"What can I find in DEISO's Insights section?","a":"DEISO's Insights section contains 121 articles covering sustainability research, news, announcements, jobs, technology, training, updates, and blog posts. Topics include LCA, GHG emissions, PCF, EPDs, ESG, AI-supported sustainability execution, and environmental management."},{"q":"What types of sustainability topics does DEISO publish about?","a":"DEISO publishes about topics such as open dumping and open burning, sodium hydroxide carbon footprints, Scope 3 emissions, EPD development and verification, LCA training, carbon accounting, and sustainability data review. The page also lists content on AI tools, digital twins, environmental compliance, and life cycle sustainability assessment."},{"q":"How can I browse the articles in DEISO's Insights section?","a":"You can browse the articles using filters and sort them by newest first, oldest first, or alphabetically from A to Z. The page provides categories including Blog Posts, News, Announcements, Jobs, Featured News, Technology, Training, Updates, DEISO Research, and Press Release."}],"footnotes":""},"deiso-finder":[],"content-type":[],"content-filter":[937,961],"site-search-options":[977],"class_list":["post-242669","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","content-filter-exclude","content-filter-exclude-from-training","site-search-options-entire-site","grve-entry-item"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/242669","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/132"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=242669"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/242669\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/244164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=242669"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"deiso-finder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/deiso-finder?post=242669"},{"taxonomy":"content-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content-type?post=242669"},{"taxonomy":"content-filter","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content-filter?post=242669"},{"taxonomy":"site-search-options","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dei.so\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/site-search-options?post=242669"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}